The diversity of post-colonial relations between Indians and the Republic became the most obvious since 1850. The ideal of freedom and equality became unstable in the latter part of the 19th century due to another form of political policy, the emergence of liberalism. This liberalism is interwoven with racial discrimination and sexism, and it is colored by a positivistic interpretation of science, society, knowledge spreading in Western Europe. In order to understand the correspondence to the local population liberalization policy from the latter half of the 19th century to the early 20th century, focus was on the scientific method applied to the social phenomenon at the time. In Europe it is positivism. There were many articles on the influence of positivists' ideas on Latin American politics and educational thinking. Indeed, positivism dominated Latin American thought more or less in the last 25 years of the 19th century, but its impact started faster and lasted through realistic non-metaphysical realistic considerations. Finding a common platform with this feature is a regional ideological activity. Many European-Americans feel that it is difficult to define the boundaries of the era of positivism with previous romanticism and then to Klaus and other spiritualists. The reason for this difficulty may be that Latin America's staging can not be made equivalent to staging in Europe. We have seen how the basic philosophical attitudes of the United States can be characterized by behavioral issues, particularly affected by anthropological thinking. As we have seen, Latin American positivism hopes to change the nature of the African continent by creating generations, experiencing the serious crisis of identity, and more or less replacing the reality of the European world I will. Positivism in Latin America is an applied ideology without the foundation of natural science and proves its existence in Europe. Therefore, Bergson's philosophy is closer to ideology, providing a way to re-establish the relevance to reality problems. The great success of the road must be seen as a result of reaction to positivism and expansion of American politics in Mexico and Central America. In their book on political thought and ideology in Latin America, Miguel Jorrn and John D. Martz cite one of his most popular findings; he said that Latin America at that time was obsessed with North America When we make up our mind: Utilitarian concepts form equations as well as equality of mediocrity as norms of social proportion, and in Europe it is called the spirit of Americanism. Rather than immediately recognizing the powerful and productive democracy in the north, its prosperity and the exercise of power as the support of the democratic system's effectiveness and its correct goal, it is not considered as an inspiration for human behavior or society Is possible. Stunning example

Positivism is a trend of bourgeois philosophy and recognizes the orthodox concept of empirical knowledge of natural phenomena where metaphysics and theology are considered insufficient and incomplete knowledge systems. Positivism as the main intellectual movement in the latter half of the 19th century began to rise following the incompetence of speculation philosophy. In the first half of the nineteenth century, romanticism brought new ideas and helped to bring the civilization of that time to a higher level, which also brought about bad side effects. Positivism was born in the late 18th century and is part of the Western traditional philosophy. Positivism has something to do with enlightenment. Because they all have similar views on the natural sciences and societies. Positivism is also related to empiricism, as positivism tends to emphasize the relatively realistic experience of human beings. In addition, positivism emphasizes empirical research and often uses observations to study phenomena (Mark J Smith, 2003). Although we believe that the positivist thinker can acquire scientific principles from amazing research, we often miss many aspects of human experience such as emotion. Furthermore, since both positivism and empiricism pay more attention to the interpretation of phenomena and facts, the part of positivism is related to empiricism. First of all, it is really necessary to understand the evolution of positivism in social science. In the process of the development of positivism, three major positivist thinkers should be mentioned. Three were Auguste Conde (1798-1857), Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) and Emile Durchem (1858-1917). Firstly, from 1798 to 1857, Auguste Conde was the first professor to apply sociology, so he became the most important positivist. Therefore, sociology was created by Comte. (Callinicos, 2006). Therefore, Auguste Conto is the most famous person in the field of early positivism. Auguste Conde considers human sensory experience to be realistic, useful and accurate, and therefore can be explained empirically. On the contrary, because it can not prove that it is inexperienced, the reasonable and emotional meaning is not true, it is useless and inaccurate.

Biological positivism has advantages and disadvantages, not a philosophical idea like classicism, but changing the criminal way of thinking and opening up new theories based on scientific facts. It also highlighted the importance of researching human genetic makeup as research, such as additional research on Brunus 'Y' chromosome. This leads to the idea that family genetic defects may cause abnormal behaviors. Correlation among crimes To evaluate the relevance of biological positivism in contemporary society, we must first clarify what biological positivism is. I will explore early biological theories and lead to discussions on contemporary biological ideas. Case studies are studied to explore the usefulness of these current theories in explaining crime and criminal behavior. This paper will then continue to evaluate how the previously discussed theory affects punishment. To do this I will look at why we punish and what form of punishment is currently being used in the UK. Using re-criminal statistics, I will critically analyze the validity of these current forms of punishment and lead to discussions on alternative punishment proposed by biopositiveists: the role of treatment Biological positivism has advantages and disadvantages, not a philosophical idea like classicism, but changing the criminal way of thinking and opening up new theories based on scientific facts. Challenges in Developing Effective Crime Policies As time goes by, the gap between criminal policy and criminal science is expanding (Garland & Sparks, 2000). Academic criminologists have criminal knowledge and expertise, but progress and roles in making criminal policy are not that large (Garland & Sparks, 2000). The third part of my article is about the pros and cons of positivist structured observations. Positivism is a theme that has been constantly repeated in the history of Western thought of ancient Greeks, but historically it is related to the French philosopher Auguste Comte of the 19th century. Position thinker. . In his study of the philosophy of science and methodology, Oldroyd (1986) says: "Consciously" invented "the new social science, and we naming it a common name. Social phenomena need to be observed according to physiological (or biological) law and theory like physical phenomena and investigated based on experience.

The world is based on philosophy and principles of fighting. From political parties to legal ideology, the world seems to be destined to be divided into certain dichotomies. Actively and unchanged from legal philosophy of natural law. Many of us are aware of these differences, because in most cases they are very obvious, but most of us think about the reasons why these differences are important and think about the reason I will not spend it. It is not enough to say that two things are different, or are simply opposed. First, there is no essential difference between positivism and natural science (Swingewood, 1984). In line with the European Enlightenment and Industrial Revolution, it was created during the period of positivism, people were able to believe in science and create everything (Hankins, 1985). Therefore, although positivism receives some degree of support through its scientific method, most thinkers are still trying to avoid their professions with God and religion. Before the 17th century it was impossible to explain that all human phenomena and events are possessions of God. Because it was theology and influence of the religion then (Byrne, 1996). Positivism thinks that all unproven knowledge that has not been tested is not even true or meaningless (Smith, 2003). Therefore, as in the community, positivistic sociological research and natural science can be regarded as the body, different social phenomena are organs. This is impossible Positivism is based on the theoretical point of view of natural science. Emile Durkheim believes that studies of human social life should be no different from natural science (Maynard, 1989). Although original positivism was described as inductionism, this explains the reasoning process in which general conclusions are derived from a particular example. However, since the 1930s, positivism has been regarded as deductive. This means reaching a conclusion by evidence reasoning. Nationalism is described as a collection of beliefs that make individuals feel individuals are part of the community (Giddens, 2002). For example, people feel part of the country, British, French and so on. Positivism was founded in the late 18th century and is part of the Western traditional philosophical faction. Positism and Enlightenment are relatively related because they have a similar view on the natural sciences and societal world. Positivism is also related to empiricism, as positivism tends to emphasize the relatively realistic experience of human beings. In addition, positivism emphasizes the study of phenomena in philosophical tasks. It starts with a phenomenological point of view. Positivist thinkers reject emotional factors because they believe they can acquire scientific principles from phenomenological studies. Furthermore, since both positivism and empiricism pay more attention to the interpretation of phenomena and facts, the part of positivism is related to empiricism. In addition, there were three different approaches to natural science and social science in the early 19th century.

Ahell announced language, truth and logic when he was only 26 years old in 1936. He is a member of the Viennese Circle and they are known for their philosophy of logical positivism. Logical positivism is a philosophical theory, meaning only less rigorous propositions, which can be analyzed as basic propositions by logical tools or as being empirically verifiable. Therefore, it rejects metaphysics, theology, and sometimes morality is pointless. Regarding language, truth and logic, Ayle proposed his own verification principle. A.J. is promoting logical positivism in the UK. Aiel visited the Viennese Circle in 1933. His work "Language, Truth, and Logic" (Ayer 1936) is influential and continues to be the best introductory to logical positivism as it was understood during its heyday. To get rid of the turmoil in World War II, several members of the Vienna Circle emigrated to the U.S. where they gained leadership positions and had a tremendous impact on academic philosophy. However, around this time, the logical positivism was largely over. Therefore, less logical positivism has not been announced, but in the philosophical direction more attention is paid to language, logic, and science. (For more information, see American Philosophy articles, especially Section 4) In 1936 Alfred Jules Ayer published a book called "Language, Truth, and Logic". At the time of publication, it was understood as the main argument of logical positivism (McDonald's). In order to understand the principle of verification, you must first become familiar with logical positivism. The basic idea of ​​democracy is the government governed by the people. However, the democratic implementation of each country is different, which depends on historical factors and cultural factors of each country. Pakistan, Egypt and Indonesia are Muslim dominant countries and prove their ability to maintain a democratic system. Based on this fact, my hypothesis is that Muslim countries are compatible with democracy as long as their Islamic values ​​are still respected by the West.

In 1936 Alfred Jules Ayer published a book called "Language, Truth, and Logic". At the time of publication, it was understood as the main argument of logical positivism (McDonald's). In order to understand the principle of verification, you must first become familiar with logical positivism. Logical positivism is a philosophical ideology that combines empiricism, observation of essential evidence for world knowledge, mathematics and logic integration in epistemology - rationality of language structure and inference, and Log Pos. A.J. is promoting logical positivism in the UK. Aiel visited the Viennese Circle in 1933. His work "Language, Truth, and Logic" (Ayer 1936) is influential and continues to be the best introductory to logical positivism as it was understood during its heyday. To get rid of the turmoil in World War II, several members of the Vienna Circle emigrated to the U.S. where they gained leadership positions and had a tremendous impact on academic philosophy. However, around this time, the logical positivism was largely over. Therefore, less logical positivism has not been announced, but in the philosophical direction more attention is paid to language, logic, and science. (For more information, see American Philosophy articles, especially Section 4) In 1936 Alfred Jules Ayer published a book called "Language, Truth, and Logic". At the time of publication, it was understood as the main argument of logical positivism (McDonald's). In order to understand the principle of verification, you must first become familiar with logical positivism. - Observations and statements about the storytelling of Tim O'Brien and the truth about what they bring We live together everyday and we are facing the opportunity to believe and talk about many stories and dramas . When I was a child at a Hebrew school, you are taught that the world was created in 6 days and on the 7th day God was absent. In Christian's house, you are told Saint Nick

What is sociology, what is necessary for sociological opinion? C. Light Mills (1959: 1-7)): "If you do not understand these two, you can not understand the history of your life and society." He understands that you understand this society In order to do that we need to understand the history of society. What is that person? History trained people, influenced their behavior, and influenced what kind of people they would be. Because people can only be defined by analyzing their background and social structure, he calls it "milieux". Auguste Conte (1798 - 1857 BC) was a French philosopher, founder of sociology and positivism. He may be regarded as the first scientific philosopher in the modern sense. Though his concept of sociology and social evolution was outdated, he set the tone for early social theorists and anthropologists, and as modern academic sociology as a practical and objective social research I changed that. Positivism considers sensory experience and its logical and mathematical processing to be the only source of all valuable information in the social sciences and natural sciences. I refused an introspective and intuitive knowledge acquisition attempt. Kongde knew that scientific methods would replace metaphysics of thought history and observed the theory of science and the cyclical dependence of observation. This is a long-term theme. The specific goal of the Canadian Sociology Journal / Sociology (CJS) is to disseminate original and important research and theories, mainly produced by researchers in Canadian sociology and related fields. Our policy is to express the diversity of theory and methodology in sociology. Encourage interdisciplinary focus, including articles and comments by demographers, historians, political scientists, economists, communication experts, criminologists. Most importantly, CJS 's strength lies in the unwavering commitment to becoming a research journal that promotes sociological knowledge, excellence, academic diversity, knowledge exchange and internationalization.

As explained in the French article, the new calendar replaces the previous religious festival, and the festival celebrates things like artichoke, radish and cabbage instead of God. (Reference 11) This shows that the National Congress tried to completely eliminate the religious influence of French society. However, this article was written by Napoleon I, and from the point of view of people not agreeing with the calendar, this article may be very biased. August Comte was born January 20, 1798 in Montpellier, France (according to the revolutionary calendar used in France). He is a philosopher and is a father of sociology, studies the development and function of human society, and thinks of means of using scientific evidence to identify the cause of positivism, other people's behavior Has been done. Auguste Comte was born in Montpellier, France. After joining Lycée Joffre and Montpellier he was admitted to École Polytechnique in Paris. Ecole was closed in 1816 when Mr. Com was permanent in Paris where mathematics and journalism were unstable. He has read philosophy and history extensively, and in particular I am interested in thinkers who have identified the history of human society and started to follow. Conte proposed a humanitarian religion to the positivist society to achieve the cohesive nature once worshiped by traditional worship. He proposed a calendar reform called the positivism calendar. Where the moon was named after the greatest leaders, thinkers and artists of history and arranged in chronological order. Every day I am dedicated to thinkers by way of Catholic saints. In Comstèmede Politique Positive, Comte pointed out that the pillars of religion are as follows: bring altruism, generosity and selfless devotion to others; order: Comte after the French Revolution, society restores order I believe we need to. Social influence Thomas Huxley expressed humanity as "Catholic - Christianity". The church has shrunk greatly but survived today in Brazil. However, the word religion means the faith and worship of God.

Sociology is the pursuit of knowledge of social research and human social activities, but the validity of entities as science is a worthy argument. Although sociology differs from natural science in sects, there are fundamental similarities between the two, and these similarities are used to identify and interpret the problem. By explaining why sociology is science, the next step is to identify which type of scientific sociology and its relationships with natural science. Early sociological studies suggested that the field of sociology resembles natural science such as physics and biology. Therefore, many researchers believe that the methods used in natural science are very suitable for use in social science. The effect of emphasizing empiricism using scientific methods is the difference between sociology and theology, philosophy and metaphysics. It also leads to sociology as empirical science. This early sociological approach, backed by August Comte, led to positivism, which led the data from the experience of sensation, and the logical and mathematical processing of the data was the only thing of all real knowledge I argued that it is the source of As with natural science, the purpose of positivism is to predict. But in the case of sociology, the purpose of positivism is to predict human behavior, which is a complex proposition. The use of experimental experiments in natural science and sociology is particularly important in natural science since they are devices used to prove or refute hypotheses. Science such as chemistry and physiology works with so-called closed system, which can control all variables. Therefore, this means that such experiments can be performed efficiently. - There are many assumptions that sociology has no value and sociology is science. Because science is an objective or unnoticed assumption. In sociological research, problems arise when unconscious researchers are biased toward assumptions and research topics. Robert Bierstedt said the findings or findings are irrelevant to external variables (race, sex, occupation, etc.). Sociology is the pursuit of knowledge of social research and human social activities, but the validity of entities as science is a worthy argument. Although sociology differs from natural science in sects, there are fundamental similarities between the two, and these similarities are used to identify and interpret the problem. By explaining why sociology is science, the next step is to identify the relationship between what kind of scientific sociology and natural science.

The field of psychology is a field born in many fields of science. Its applications range from complete pathway to psychotherapy and expert decision making. The flexibility and versatility of this field reflects a detailed analysis of its importance and needs. Psychology is a field of philosophy until it develops an independent scientific field. The history of psychology is academic research of thinking and behavior that can go back to the beginning of civilization. There is a historical basis for methodology, psychology and analytical behavior. The analysis of behaviorism follows its historical basis to a philosophical movement known as logical positivism (see Smith 1986). Logical positivism suggests that the meaning of statements used in science can be understood by observations verifying experimental conditions or their credibility. Such positivism is called "verificationism". In psychology, verificationism supports or is based on analytic behaviorism. That is, the psychological concepts contain behavioral tendencies and must therefore be translated into behavioral terms. Otto Neurath is an enthusiastic logical positivist. He believes in empirical observations and creates a reasonable basis for philosophical discourse. He is known for interrupting philosophical arguments by calling "metaphysics." If discussion is not rooted in empirical observation. Therefore, he is certainly not interested in the artistic interpretation of expressive aesthetics and design. But ISOTYPE is a very important milestone in the history of graphic design. A major achievement of ISOTYPE is to communicate complex statistical data via formal visual design language so that viewers can quickly understand the relationship between symbols and data. Neurath pointed out in his landmark work "International Picture Language" that visual language can not replace spoken languages ​​- but he also communicates statistics and statistics when explaining complex processes Sometimes I showed sign and picture power. Many philosophers engaged in moral psychology research, their subjects understand that their experience is limited. Philosophers use two main methods to apply empirical results in moral psychology. One is to use empirical results (and an empirical theory from psychology) to criticize the philosophical discourse of moral psychology (see eg Doris 2002), our moral and psychological science (And in the experimental philosophical tradition a test). Assumptions (see eg Nichols 2004). For those who believe that part (or all) of our moral psychology is based on congenital abilities, evolutionary psychology is a good source of information based on empirical and empirical theory. An example of the composition of our moral psychology comes from a large modular description of the structure of the mind. Currently this position is widely debated by philosophers engaged in moral psychology. The following is an example of this explanation.

Philosophy Humans are social animals and depend on each other to fulfill their needs, but their lives are somewhat unstable without proper governance laws and institutions. In the absence of the government there is no single authority to decide how to impose the requirements of natural law and its requirements. Evidently, everyone is equal, so each of them is entitled to punish offenders by forcing the laws of nature and is free. In the 5 th century of Athens, a unique philosophy of natural law appeared clearly. The opposite view has penetrated Greek thought not only in philosophy but also in history and literature, but the most important is tragedy. The most powerful of Sophocles' tragedy is that he is deeply discussing the meaning and meaning of human existence. Rather, it is whether human existence has more meaning and meaning than that event. As Jocasta told Oedipus, the final situation is "all opportunities" 4, or is there a bigger stage for human life? Like Plato, they believe in the order of nature, and those people, especially the Sophist, think that whatever deeply rooted the order is designed by humans. I have imposed it. The concept of natural order (physical) other than an artificial instruction (nomos) is not just a simple causal order Legal philosophy, also known as law, is a field of philosophy that studies the nature of the law, especially using human values, attitudes, practices, and political communities. Traditionally, legal philosophy is implemented by defining and advocating propositions on general and abstract laws, that is to say not at all times but rather at specific times (eg the United Kingdom of 1900) rather than propositions of a particular legal system I came. There are all the laws. Legal philosophy is usually designed to distinguish laws from other normative systems, such as morality (see morality) and other social customs. Therefore, legal philosophy is more generally an integral part of philosophy. In the mainstream legal philosophy, law interpretation is closest to legal interpretation. Legal interpretiveism is conceptually located between two major subfields of legal philosophy, namely legal positivism and natural law theory. The mainstream philosophical law has many aspects including legal realism, legal formalism, legal practicalism and legal process theory, but other theories, legal positivism and natural law theory, It constitutes the theoretical two pole between the two mainstream theory can be understood to be arranged. Roughly speaking, legal positivism has no inevitable relationship between law and morality and claims that the law has no justification or authority to consider morality (Feinberg and Coleman 2008; Patterson 2003). For legal proofists, the validity of the law is determined not by its moral content but by specific social facts (Hart 1958, 1961; Dickson 2001; Coleman 2001; Gardner 2001).

E.H. Carl originally explained that Hans Morgenthau's work is too realistic and too little utopianism. For this evidence, this article examines Carl's "Twenty Years' Crisis: 1919-1939" and Hans Mogenenthau's "Intergovernmental Politics". This article will focus on three important themes. The relationship between the role of utopianism and its realism, the concept of realism as a commitment, and the value to our knowledge of life. At this time, this article regards Morgenthau's work as valuable regardless of discipline, whether it is state protection or diplomacy. The 20th century is considered to be the cornerstone of classical realism. Scholars such as E. H. Carr and Hans Morgenthau have developed this theory. It is known for pursuit of power in international disorder and pessimistic view of the world. The paper argues that classical realism is either immoral or immoral, mainly focusing on Hans Morgans and his critics' debate. First, it will define classical realism and establish its main argument. Secondly, it explores the meaning of "immorality", "immorality", and "moral". It then studies the position of morality in realism (if any), and finally it will compare how realists and liberals treat morality. answer Several of the greatest thinkers of history devoted most of their work to this problem, but fail to provide a comprehensive explanation yet: Thucydides, Hippo Augustine, St. Thomas Aquinas, Clausewitz, E .; H. Carr, Morgenthau ... This list is still in progress. The truth is, there is no clear answer However, putting realism under positivism is not without problems. "What is History" by E. H · CAR is a prudent critique of positivism, and Hans Morgan's goal in "scientists and power politics" is to be able to scientifically study international politics / power politics It is to destroy the idea. Morgenthau's belief in this area is part of his reason that it was classified as a "classical realist" rather than a realist. According to liberalism, individuals are basically kind and can make meaningful cooperation to promote positive change. Liberalism believes that the country, non-governmental organizations, and intergovernmental organizations play an important role in international systems. The state is a sovereign state, but they have many benefits, not necessarily single and autonomous. Liberalism emphasizes the interdependence of state, multinational corporations, and international organizations

On January 30, 1972, civil rights activists participated in protest demonstrations against detention by London Delhi. British airborne troops placed on the street shot 13 marches and injured others. Many people have different opinions as to what happened and why they happened. The main contradiction is the view of the airborne troops and their supporters, and the views of the protestors and friends and family members of the murderers. The bloody Sunday bloody Sunday 's historical interpretation has many different views on what actually happened on January 30, 1972. The focus of discussion is who initially shot, the British Army or the Republic of Ireland. Thirteen innocent people were killed as a result of the shooting incident. Sir Widried conducted an investigation and he criticized the shooting of the military, but the report accepted military shooting. - Positivism - The paradigm after positivism is the most appropriate example of the North Frontier Study of the Northern Land by Thomas Berger (1988). This paradigm shows that social science research promotes Western culture and adapts other areas to Western ideas. Travers (2010) argues that "Material science and social science are products of Western culture at a specific historical moment." In Bloody Sunday there is a very different interpretation of a series of events known as "Bloody Sunday". The two main ones were British airborne troops and Catholics and their families who were stationed in Northern Ireland which had been marching on the same day. Each party firmly adheres to their explanation, but the new evidence brought about some changes in opinion. The marching Catholics still insist that they were first dismissed. They believe that none of these shooting incidents were exposed to explosives, but Widgery's investigation "decided that many people shot were handling weapons."

The fundamental aspect of Vygotsky's theory is the Near End Development Zone (ZPD), which is the difference between learners' ability to do without help and what he or she can do with help. Vygotsky (1962) explains this as "Is difficult to learn alone, but can be learned with the help and guidance of adults and more skilled colleagues." Enable students to understand the content of the work, not the students (mixed ability group). Papert, I have the opportunity to spend time in those years and develop a learning theory he calls "constructivism". Papert is a student of Piaget and Vygotsky and has developed a philosophy on the essence of knowledge called constitutionism and social constructivism. Papert was able to develop his own constructive learning theory, rather than abstract learning by memorizing memorization, this empirical learning. Papert saw that at the beginning of the birth of a microcomputer, learning can be not only communication but also reconstruction of knowledge. This kind of learning can be located in a place where personal, empirical and digital systems are supported and learners can effectively build their meaning as knowledge discovery. PAPERT believes that this is the creator of true liberation and learning experiences that computers bring to future learners and teachers. Social constructivism is epistemology. Social constructivism is related to how to create meanings. Social constructivism arises from the criticism of objectivity, challenging the concept of knowledge proposed by positivism, positivism assumes actual externalities, and the truth proven by experience is independent of thought. According to Marecek, Crawford, and Popp, knowledge is "a real description generated by the knowledge community". Therefore, social constructivism focuses on how to create meaning.

Introduction: In urban studies, the two theoretical frameworks of positivism and position ideology differ slightly from ontological and epistemological in the science of freedom of value. I discuss from the viewpoint that value is in urban research and should be. Because value makes it possible for us to understand and rationally understand urban processes from the viewpoint of gender liberation and suppression of heterosexuality. First, I develop a practical definition of positivism and positional framework. Urban sociology is a sociological study on the interaction between life and human beings in the metropolitan area. It is an established sub-sector of sociology that aims to research the structure, process, change and problem of the city, then to provide input for planning and decision making. In other words, it is its role in sociological research and social development of cities. Like most social disciplines, urban sociologists use statistical analysis, observation or ethnographic magazine, social theory, interviews, and other methods to analyze migration, economic and demographic trends, poverty, ethnicity, I will learn crime etc. Sex, many other phenomena occurring in a civic city During graduate studies on urban planning spatial analysis, students and professors will discuss how urban renewal is done and how urban centers evolve, at the expense of suburbs at the expense of many discussions I piled up. One thing we have is right there and there will be a resurgence of the city from now on, but it will not be a sacrifice in the suburbs. It is not a free city planner who is biased. This is our scholarly thing, most of the books we read and the professors we heard can not predict the role of technology. In our understanding, the increase in public transportation networks, especially in dense urban centers, pedestrian blocks, near the facility, means that people can live in urban areas rather than in the suburbs.

"Green River Run" of "Anhe Rules" is a book depicting Jin County Sheriff's investigation and pursuit of serial killer, which was recognized as Gary Leone 20 years after the first killing. Ridgeway Now I read 48 Richway victims and some of their prostitution and then they are killing them with details of each murder investigation. This process was investigated in the 1980's. In the Green River of Running River, the writer Ann Rule depicts a regretless murderer, in fact it forced him to kill a woman and continued for more than a decade to achieve his fantasies ing. In order to streamline the reasons for this idea, deviation theory can be divided into two different categories, positivism and constitutionism. Positivism theory such as general criminal theory makes it possible for individuals to put together events in the life of Gary Ritchie and that Green River's murderer tends to prove obstructing by combining sexual fantasies No doubt brings his sense of reality "Green River Run" of "Anhe Rules" is a book depicting Jin County Sheriff's investigation and pursuit of serial killer, which was recognized as Gary Leone 20 years after the first killing. Ridgeway Now I read 48 Richway victims and some of their prostitution and then they are killing them with details of each murder investigation. This process was investigated in the 1980's. What is the root cause of Gary Ridgway becoming a serial killer by itself? In the past few years, there have been many different serial killers, but only one notorious "Green River Killer" is one. Gary Ridgeway is known as "Green River Killer" as many of his first victims were discovered near Washington's Green River. There are a variety of reasons why people make people angry. Some 13 years old, but his father will remarry a woman who is not making friends with him. He is always dissatisfied with his biological mother because his identity is illegal and his mother gave him (1). "Murderer 's clown" John Wayne Gacy drank his father and his friend had at least one Gacy (2). Gary Ridgway, "Green River Killer" has an arrogant mother who dominates every aspect of life. He

The bloody Sunday bloody Sunday 's historical interpretation has many different views on what actually happened on January 30, 1972. The focus of discussion is who initially shot, the British Army or the Republic of Ireland. Thirteen innocent people were killed as a result of the shooting incident. Sir Widried conducted an investigation and he criticized the shooting of the military, but the report accepted military shooting. This report is not satisfactory for all, people think that this will cover the actual situation. In Bloody Sunday there is a very different interpretation of a series of events known as "Bloody Sunday". The two main ones were British airborne troops and Catholics and their families who were stationed in Northern Ireland which had been marching on the same day. Each party firmly adheres to their explanation, but the new evidence brought about some changes in opinion. The marching Catholics still insist that they were first dismissed. They believe that none of these shooting incidents were exposed to explosives, but Widgery's investigation "decided that many people shot were handling weapons." The bloody Sunday bloody Sunday 's historical interpretation has many different views on what actually happened on January 30, 1972. The focus of discussion is who initially shot, the British Army or the Republic of Ireland. Thirteen innocent people were killed as a result of the shooting incident. Sir Widried conducted an investigation and he criticized the shooting of the military, but the report accepted military shooting. - Positivism - The paradigm after positivism is the most appropriate example of the North Frontier Study of the Northern Land by Thomas Berger (1988). This paradigm shows that social science research promotes Western culture and adapts other areas to Western ideas. Travers (2010) argues that "Material science and social science are products of Western culture at a specific historical moment."

Rational expression as a form of knowledge builds meaning by modifying and proving ideas and beliefs based on new or existing information. The term logic derived from the use of valid information is synonymous with reason and is considered a division of reasoning. The reason is a way of thinking, and the word logic represents a way in which the inference follows certain rules and standards. When asked for knowledge, coherent reasons and consistency are expected to support and provide the stability of discussion. In the West, thinking about thinking is called "logic" and uses it as a way to understand based on rational principles. This "logic" was born in the term "logistics" of natural science and human science. Today 's logistics is considered to be the only legitimate form or way, as the results and procedures ensure the construction of the technical world. Logistics is an interesting term because its use as a noun means "symbolic logic" (mathematical algebra calculation), which is also related to the behavior of war. Its application in mathematical calculations can be found in a new branch of so-called logical positivism, philosophical branching, which was formerly known as empiricism. The idea of ​​logical positivism is expressed as algebraic calculation. Only the heart that can be calculated can be known and worth knowing. It is called Descartes principle. As I said, this is the value of this new form of reasoning, that is observation or understanding without thought. This is fundamentally an escape from this infinite loop of inaccurate knowledge. Because I saw a circle. It saw something around the circle and it did not fall into it. It saw everything. But what is I saying is true? If you can hear and investigate your experience at this moment, you will find that this is the truth, it must be true. You can not answer this question with your thoughts, logical reasoning. You can not use your own thoughts, which means that you must again enter the circle and go around the circle, and the reality will pass you. You must use your opinion to answer this question, and you will find yourself leaving. This is the purpose of observation - to discover that truth at once and to all people

The use of experimental experiments in natural science and sociology is particularly important in natural science since they are devices used to prove or refute hypotheses. Science such as chemistry and physiology works with so-called closed system, which can control all variables. Therefore, this means that such experiments can be performed efficiently. It may be difficult to control the variables of physics science and rebuild the daily lives of sociology, but natural science does not face the same top priority problem. Early sociological studies suggested that the field of sociology resembles natural science such as physics and biology. Therefore, many researchers believe that the methods used in natural science are very suitable for use in social science. The effect of emphasizing empiricism using scientific methods is the difference between sociology and theology, philosophy and metaphysics. It also leads to sociology as empirical science. This early sociological approach, backed by August Comte, led to positivism, which led the data from the experience of sensation, and the logical and mathematical processing of the data was the only thing of all real knowledge I argued that it is the source of As with natural science, the purpose of positivism is to predict. But in the case of sociology, the purpose of positivism is to predict human behavior, which is a complex proposition. The use of experimental experiments in natural science and sociology is particularly important in natural science since they are devices used to prove or refute hypotheses. Science such as chemistry and physiology works with so-called closed system, which can control all variables. Therefore, this means that such experiments can be performed efficiently. - There are many assumptions that sociology has no value and sociology is science. Because science is an objective or unnoticed assumption. In sociological research, problems arise when unconscious researchers are biased toward assumptions and research topics. Robert Bierstedt said the findings or findings are irrelevant to external variables (race, sex, occupation, etc.).

The purpose of science is to reveal some kind of "truth" about the world and how it works. But how do we achieve this concept of "truth"? Research on the origin, nature and limitations of human knowledge production provides a number of frameworks to study from there. These methods involve the creation of knowledge and provide references to scientists and observers to test the limitations and validity of the knowledge generated from the study. This research mainly applies to two philosophical paradigms, phenomenological research and interpretive research. Positism and realism as ideal scientific philosophy are often used in academic research but they believe that scientific truth can be confirmed from strong evidence and evidence from formal facts from quantitative data (Comte, 2005). However, the main purpose of this survey is to understand the impact of Apple's marketing on consumer awareness, and it is rarely proven using scientific quantitative data. Therefore, in this white paper, positivism and realism are excluded as a useful philosophy. Because they reduce the human experience to a given environment. Discussions on scientific realism are closely related to almost all other aspects of scientific philosophy. Because they contain the essence of scientific knowledge. Scientific realism is a positive perception of our best theory and model content and it is recommended to believe in the observable and unobservable aspects of the world described by science. This cognitive attitude has important metaphysical and semantic aspects These different commitments are questioned by a number of competing scientific epistemologies collectively known as the form of scientific anti- realism I will. In this article I will explain what scientific realism is, outline its main variants, consider the most general discussion to support and oppose this position, and to compare it with its most important anti-realistic Compare with counterparts. Scientific realism is related to many old philosophical positions, including rationalism and metaphysical realism. But it is a scientific paper on the development of the 20th century. Describing scientific realism in ancient times, medieval times, and early cousins ​​is at best misleading. The development of scientific realism is mainly a reaction to logical positivism. Logical positivism is the first of the philosophical and scientific realism of the 20th century and it is thought that there is a clear distinction between observational terms and theoretical terms.

Given sociology, Durkheim is a very influential name. Durkheim's mission is to develop sociology, so you can define it and use it as a way to use sociology. Durchem is focusing mainly on his career when it is considered to be a past thing such as sharing religious views and ethnic backgrounds because in society the society has its integrity and rationality in modern society How to maintain. Regarding social realism of Durkheim, he is interested in growing individualism in society. An important, often misunderstood element of Durkheim's sociological approach can be found in the so-called Durkheim social realism. Alternatively, society is an objective and realistic entity which exists autonomously independently. This view is a concentrated picture of a specific individual. Social facts are seen as things through his prescription. In this realistic position, there are two important claims. First, Durkheim advocated ontological claims about the unique reality of social facts. Second, Durkheim argues that the epistemological and methodological claims that social facts should be viewed as reality objects that exist outside the minds of researchers and can be determined by the ability to do compulsive behavior I advocated. Therefore, Durkheim believes that there is a special existential nature in social facts, and when sociologists handle them in a proper and scientific way, they can discover and analyze them. In addition to the positivism of CONT, the second influence on Durkheim's view on society is an epistemological viewpoint called social realism. He never exposed it explicitly, but using a realistic view to prove the existence of social reality outside the individual, these facts exist in the form of social and objective relations showed that. As a scientific epistemology, realism can be defined as a viewpoint of placing external social reality in the external world, and these reality are independent of their individual perception and their central starting point I will use it as. This viewpoint is against other major philosophical views such as empiricism and positivism. Experians like David Hume believe that the reality of the outside world is a product of human perception. Context's positivism has advanced one step further, arguing that scientific law can be inferred from empirical observations.

Given sociology, Durkheim is a very influential name. Durkheim's mission is to develop sociology, so you can define it and use it as a way to use sociology. Durchem is focusing mainly on his career when it is considered to be a past thing such as sharing religious views and ethnic backgrounds because in society the society has its integrity and rationality in modern society How to maintain. Regarding social realism of Durkheim, he is interested in growing individualism in society. An important, often misunderstood element of Durkheim's sociological approach can be found in the so-called Durkheim social realism. Alternatively, society is an objective and realistic entity which exists autonomously independently. This view is a concentrated picture of a specific individual. Social facts are seen as things through his prescription. In this realistic position, there are two important claims. First, Durkheim advocated ontological claims about the unique reality of social facts. Second, Durkheim argues that the epistemological and methodological claims that social facts should be viewed as reality objects that exist outside the minds of researchers and can be determined by the ability to do compulsive behavior I advocated. Therefore, Durkheim believes that there is a special existential nature in social facts, and when sociologists handle them in a proper and scientific way, they can discover and analyze them. In addition to the positivism of CONT, the second influence on Durkheim's view on society is an epistemological viewpoint called social realism. He never exposed it explicitly, but using a realistic view to prove the existence of social reality outside the individual, these facts exist in the form of social and objective relations showed that. As a scientific epistemology, realism can be defined as a viewpoint of placing external social reality in the external world, and these reality are independent of their individual perception and their central starting point I will use it as. This viewpoint is against other major philosophical views such as empiricism and positivism. Experians like David Hume believe that the reality of the outside world is a product of human perception. Context's positivism has advanced one step further, arguing that scientific law can be inferred from empirical observations.

According to text there are five major value paradigms. Value from the viewpoint of traditional reliability, value from the perspective of post modern relativeism, value from the environmental point of view, and new perspectives and values ​​from a compromise point of view. Let's examine the basics of each example and make it easy to see. The first of all paradigms may also be the most formal view of traditional certainty. This set of values ​​is inherently more or less religious, and most of its followers favor monotheistic or monotheistic beliefs. From 1750 to around 1980, Western civilization was characterized by a so-called "modern" ideological paradigm. The paradigm is "a series of assumptions, concepts, values, and practices that constitute a way to observe the reality of the community and can be shared in particular in the field of intelligence." 1 The great philosophy including this paradigm is called modernity In this context, the concept of paradigm is closely related to the concept of world view. Therefore, "modern world view" refers to the reaction of the modern paradigm to how individuals are related to the world. When deciding the design of a project, researchers must consider the main research paradigm and related methods. The paradigm is defined as the world view. Creswell (1994, p. 74) considers this to be "a basic belief or assumption leading to researchers' investigation." Cohen et al. (2000) We propose three main examples of educational research. These are positivism, interpretiveism and critical theory / postmodern. We first explain Positivism according to Baker (1979), the first thinker who used phraseological positivism as a philosophical position, French philosopher Auguste Conto (1798-1857). His interpretation of positivism see observation and reason as a means of understanding behavior; interpretation by scientific description Like the biological philosophy that has developed over decades of physics philosophy (see eg Hull, 2000), the main paradigm of scientific interpretation still points to classical physics. The influential interpretation of Ernst Nagel (Nagel, 1959) on interpretation as general theoretical reasoning is inspired by the determinism of classical physics and may cause problems when applied to biological interpretation . . If the deduction rule is too strict, biological theory can not explain them, whereas if initial conditions and boundary conditions are too loose and / or provisional assumptions are tolerated as auxiliary hypotheses, You can explain everything. . This problem is ineffective for biological methodology, mainly because it uses non-deductive interpretation.

Criticism of validation principles in AJ's book languages, truths and logic introduction This article includes expositions and critiques on the principles of verification, as in AJ Ayre in his book "Language, Truth and Logic" . Air wrote this book in 1936, but after ten years he also wrote the second edition of the new introduction. The latter is equivalent to revising the principles of previous papers. This article will quote these two papers. First, I will explain the principle of verification. In 1936 Alfred Jules Ayer published a book called "Language, Truth, and Logic". At the time of publication, it was understood as the main argument of logical positivism (McDonald's). In order to understand the principle of verification, you must first become familiar with logical positivism. - Observations and statements about the storytelling of Tim O'Brien and the truth about what they bring We live together everyday and we are facing the opportunity to believe and talk about many stories and dramas . When I was a child at a Hebrew school, you are taught that the world was created in 6 days and on the 7th day God was absent. In Christian's house, you are told Saint Nick A.J. is promoting logical positivism in the UK. Aiel visited the Viennese Circle in 1933. His work "Language, Truth, and Logic" (Ayer 1936) is influential and continues to be the best introductory to logical positivism as it was understood during its heyday. To get rid of the turmoil in World War II, several members of the Vienna Circle emigrated to the U.S. where they gained leadership positions and had a tremendous impact on academic philosophy. However, around this time, the logical positivism was largely over. Therefore, less logical positivism has not been announced, but in the philosophical direction more attention is paid to language, logic, and science. (For more information, see American Philosophy articles, especially Section 4) Ahell announced language, truth and logic when he was only 26 years old in 1936. He is a member of the Viennese Circle and they are known for their philosophy of logical positivism. Logical positivism is a philosophical theory, meaning only less rigorous propositions, which can be analyzed as basic propositions by logical tools or as being empirically verifiable. Therefore, it rejects metaphysics, theology, and sometimes morality is pointless. Regarding language, truth and logic, Ayle proposed his own verification principle. Those philosophers, including Ayr, evaluate whether this proposition is meaningful through the principle of this verification. Besides, it is governed by principles and analysis - the concept of the difference between integration, where Phil's philosophical center relies

While focusing on Pudd'nhead Wilson's research on news novel race and identity information from Pudd'nhead Wilson's nature, Mark Twain wrote a study on scientific value and natural value. Most of the contents of this book are related to the detection of title characters, and in the letters of Pudd'nhead Wilson, readers have found strong criticism about scientific positivism. People's natural abuse has been criticized when using natural landscapes for specific human activities. Pudd'nhead Wilson argues that nature is inevitable in human life and tells the tragic destiny of the world that hinders the influence of nature. Within the scientific method of Wilson, readers are watching nature guiding human life. However, this book unjustly summarizes articles that admit that the world can be expected even if social determinism does not pay attention naturally. Novels require that people listen to the world outside of their own or lose the opportunity to be free. Thus, the relationship between human society and the law of nature, and that Mark Twain is an American slavery system, was criticized by Pudd'nhead Wilson. Scholars mainly focus on research on Pudd 'nhead Wilson' s novel racial and identity information, but Mark Twain wrote a study on scientific value and natural value. Most of the contents of this book are related to the detection of title characters, and in the letters of Pudd'nhead Wilson, readers have found strong criticism about scientific positivism. People's natural abuse has been criticized when using natural landscapes for specific human activities. Likewise, the conclusion of this novel also focuses on the social operation of natural processes with pessimistic conclusions. Pudd'nhead Wilson refuses scientific interpretation of social construction and interference to human and nature experience As Pudd'nhead Wilson emphasizes that the concept of nature ultimately outweighs human science to reveal the truth, it also means that natural ways can be defeated by social construction I will warn you. The reader was told that the true heir, once known as the Chamber of Commerce, Thomas Driscoll can not recover from his life as a slave. He can not read or write, he likes to stay in the familiar kitchen, and previously went to the living room. When he regained its vitality his manners were "vulgar and rude, his manners were manners of slavery" (167). He can not take on the role he should take over, which shows the impact on human nature processes in this story. The slavery social system corroded the chambers - as he always was the master. Likewise, once Tom turns out to be a true slave, he will not be imprisoned; in a world where construction of slavery is not compromised, "to close precious slaves for life" I can not think (168).

Each of the three major theorists, Marx, Durchem, and Weber, has a very different aspect on how society is in harmony. Several things about their theory are related in many ways. Quoting Marx's words, "The origin of change is not based on ideas, but materialism." The focus of this aspect is how material projects form the foundation of society. Durchem focused on the dependence of others on social work. Weber uses the focus of religion to influence every aspect of life. This is called social cohesion. In this article, we will learn about the relationship between sociological theory and its social system. We usually regard society as a group of people, but in sociology, society is not a group of people but a social organization. People are shaped to adapt to the social realm recognized by society. Society must be understood with "to give meaning to our values ​​and beliefs" (Bartle, 2010). In sociology, there are three main perspectives. - Sociological perspective and theoretical sociologists try to explain how society dominates themselves, but there are many different theories that are often contradictory to each other. Some of these classical theories include Marxism, functionalism and interaction. There is a more modern or contemporary theory like feminism. Each sociological view has different beliefs. Marxists are concerned about the distribution of economic power and wealth. Based on your library and Internet research to explain the sociological theory of three sociological theories, which theory is the most suitable theory for sociology. Three common types of sociological theory are positivism, interpretiveism, and criticism theory. When deciding which theory is most suitable for sociological applications, understand the advantages of each theory fundamentally, comment on three sociological theories based on your library and internet research Please give me. The most appropriate sociological theory is adopted. Three common types of sociological theory are positivism, interpretiveism, and criticism theory. In deciding which theory is best suited for sociological adoption, a basic understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of each theory must be made. so In sociology, there are three major theories of functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interaction theory. This article focuses on two theories, functionalism and conflict theory. The goal is to explain two of the three theoretical perspectives and apply it to the analysis of social stratification. How to achieve this goal is to compare and contrast these assumptions and analyze the impact of two theories on social stratification. Then I will explain which of the two that is consistent with my personal sociological point of view is more my opinion. Functionalism is how many people observe the world in sociology. It clearly shows ... shows more content

Freud's psychoanalysis is dead. Several assassins, originally killed in the form of Caesar, attacked the theory in their attacks. Simone de Beauvoir was one of the assassins who initially fought against positivism, existentialism, feminism. But it certainly is not the one who started the blow. Like Caesar's influence, Freud's psychoanalytic resurgence reverberated until today. The influence of Freud 's psychoanalysis can be seen through the Western society, even the assassin' s existential and even feminist descendants. What you are seeing is Hollywood's "interpretation" of Freud's psychoanalysis, an example of a theoretical orientation. Freud believes that dreams provide insight into our unconscious thinking. In the past this determines the future, and fertility is the driving force of our lives. He believes in other things, but it is a picture you got. After more than 100 years Freud wrote a psychoanalytic book, the therapist used dozens of different theoretical approaches in various ways. There are lots of lists here, but it is enough to show that it is a good idea to know which your therapist is using. If you really want to know if there are people who are more welcomed from the therapist, please have it. It is called CBT, or cognitive behavioral therapy. Basically, the theory thinks our thinking will determine our emotions. If our thoughts are messed up, our feelings will be the same. CBT may be used by your therapist. But not absolute Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) is a psychotherapy that treats problems by altering feelings, behaviors, and thinking of dysfunction and improves happiness. Contrary to the traditional Freud's psychoanalysis exploring wounds of children to identify the root cause of the conflict, CBT encourages patients to challenge distorted perceptions and change destructive behavior patterns We are focusing on measures. How do you change this in the criminal justice system? It must be within the negotiations between prosecutor and counsel. It must be supported by the judge. It must be supported by Johnny. It must be supported by society, must be supported, and must be supported. why? Freud's psychoanalysis is dead. Several assassins, originally killed in the form of Caesar, attacked the theory in their attacks. Simone de Beauvoir was one of the assassins who initially fought against positivism, existentialism, feminism. But it certainly is not the one who started the blow. Like Caesar's influence, Freud's psychoanalytic resurgence reverberated until today. - The field of psychology may be the most controversial history due to empirical evidence from the teachings of Sigmund Freud, complete lack of psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis is a type of therapy developed by Freud in the early 20th century and is thought to be the origin of most psychopathology occurring in adulthood, including a strong test of childhood at childhood.

In this article, we will discuss the procedure in the process of criminal investigation and judgment from a national perspective. To fully explain concepts and appropriate measures, we use the example in the case of "R. v Bieber". The case discussed will also be useful for the analysis of British non-civil trials. The US citizen Davis Francis Beaver moved to the UK in September 1996 with the wrong identity of Nathan Wayne Coleman. He accuses the US police station that he is accused of hiring a murderer who killed Beaver's colleague Max Muller trying to kill Beaver's ex-girlfriend Michelle Marsh. In the field of criminology, the theory of traditional activity is explained as a subordinate theory developed by Marcus Felson. In this view, the crime is considered to be normal according to the opportunity of the time. If opportunity objectives exist and are not protected, if incentives are worth it, there is the possibility of a crime. The basic principle of this theory is that it does not require a criminal; it requires only opportunities. Many crimes are small petty thieves, sometimes called crimes without victims, and are not reported to appropriate stakeholders. Criminal studies crime from a social point of view: criminal cause, crime social influence, and criminal involved in crime. Criminologists will study criminal science and try to better understand the motivation for criminals to behave criminal. Their research focuses on the following research: Positivism: Positivism criminal logic theory is trying to explain that crime is affected by internal and external factors. In other words, it shows that many biological and social factors can lead to criminal activity. Positivism theory thinks that lack of poverty and education leads to an increase in crime rate, so if criminal services are offered to individuals who are in a socioeconomically disadvantageous position and education and employment opportunities are provided, crime can be reduced There is sex. The main focus of criminal study - crime and criminal study - is the cause of people's crime. The social and psychological theory of crime is the two most common views on how criminal behavior evolves. According to literature review of journals of human behavior in the social environment, criminal psychology played an important role in shaping ways society thinks about crime and crime and developing policies related to these issues. Illegal acts are caused by an imbalance of identity, self and superego. The conflict between the three personality elements forces the individual to develop a defense mechanism to cope with the conflict. As a result, it may lead to problematic behavior or illegal behavior. Erik Erikson extended Freud's theory and interpreted illegal acts as an "identity crisis" caused by internal confusion.

Social constructivism: It is everywhere. Various studies have shown that the homicide rate of Inuit neonates may range from 15% to 80% (Schrire 162). They killed the children. Specifically, they handle toddlers girls and diseases and weak babies. This habit may violate all the moral beliefs that you have, but it is widely accepted as a usual practice in Inuit society. Please note that Inuits are not killing people as they like babies. They think that this is the last resort and often try to adopt a baby. Social constructivism is epistemology. Social constructivism is related to how to create meanings. Social constructivism arises from the criticism of objectivity, challenging the concept of knowledge proposed by positivism, positivism assumes actual externalities, and the truth proven by experience is independent of thought. According to Marecek, Crawford, and Popp, knowledge is "a real description generated by the knowledge community". Therefore, social constructivism focuses on how to create meaning. Social constructivism, like social constructivism, believes that people work together to build artifacts. Social constructivism focuses on artifacts created through the social interaction of the group, but social constructivism focuses on personal learning for interaction within the group. The concept of weak and strong is applied to the opposite philosophical point of view, "ism", the purpose of the notice, that is, purpose oriented, meaningful or "end purpose" of real interpretation. "Doctor's degree" is not an individual opinion, it is an extreme and modal expression that the actual person, individual can think and takes a position between them. There is an opposite philosophical position of weak and strong with regard to co-creation of common, shared and social reality. The social constitution of gender comes from the school of general social constructivists. Social constructivism suggests that, if not complete, everything that people regard as "know" or "reality" is part of social status. Even if we say that something is built socially, the power of this concept does not decrease. Please give me some money. Money is the reality of building society. Banknotes are not worth individuals regardless of their value attributable to them. The dollar is just as valuable as Americans are willing to go back to it. The US dollar is applied only to your country's money market and it is not worthwhile in regions without US dollars. Still, the dollar is still very strong in its own field. Like all social identities, gender is socially structured. Social constructivism is one of the important theories sociologists use to incorporate gender into historical and cultural focus. Social constructivism is a social theory of how to create meanings through social interaction, that is, through what we are doing with others. This theory suggests that gender is not a fixed or essential fact, it varies with time and place. From the birth to socialization from childhood to childhood, I will learn about gender norms (socially acceptable sexual expression method). We understand our expectations for sex from our parents teaching us, what we accept at school, religious or cultural education, media, and other social institutions.

In the Green River of Running River, the writer Ann Rule depicts a regretless murderer, in fact it forced him to kill a woman and continued for more than a decade to achieve his fantasies ing. In order to streamline the reasons for this idea, deviation theory can be divided into two different categories, positivism and constitutionism. Positivism theory such as general criminal theory makes it possible for individuals to put together events in the life of Gary Ritchie and that Green River's murderer tends to prove obstructing by combining sexual fantasies No doubt brings his sense of reality What is the root cause of Gary Ridgway becoming a serial killer by itself? In the past few years, there have been many different serial killers, but only one notorious "Green River Killer" is one. Gary Ridgeway is known as "Green River Killer" as many of his first victims were discovered near Washington's Green River. There are a variety of reasons why people make people angry. Some people are having a normal childhood with a loving family, but others are not very happy. To others. Especially one of the criminals who talked about the murderer was well known as Gary Ridgway, or Green River Killer. Gary Ridgway is the richest serial culprit in the United States, the highest murder rate in the history of the United States (Gibson). In order to better understand the case of Gary Ridgway, it is important to understand more about serial killer. Continuous killing is a very heinous crime and it is well known that these crimes prove that he has continued these crimes for a while. After Ridgway sexually assaulted his victims, he will kill them by killing them. Usually Ridgway uses his hands and arms, but in certain situations it also uses wiring. He throws his body in the forest and around the Green River. That is his nickname "The Murderer of the Green River". He will throw away his body in "collective" and will return later and have sex. Gary Ridgway, active voluntary murderer in Washington State, got his name "Green River Killer" after dumping the remains of the top five victims into a river of the same name. In the first month and a half of his murder, Rickyway killed 10 women and is becoming the most prolific serial killer in American history. Since the remains continued to accumulate from the 1980s to the 1990s, there were at least 49 confirmed victims, and this distinction was integrated. Gary Leon Ridgway (born February 18, 1949), also known as Green River Killer, is a continuous killer in the United States. He was initially convicted on 48 murders. As a part of the roundtable conviction to add the total number of convictions to 49 was added, he became the most prolific serial killer in American history. In the 1980s and 1990s, he killed countless women in Washington State. Most of the victims of Ridgway are said to be sex workers and other disadvantaged lifestyle women, including unmarried minors. The media gave him a nickname after he discovered the top five victims in Green River before his identity was known. He usually narrows his neck with both hands, but he also uses ligatures. After murdering them, he threw away their bodies into the forests and plain areas of Jin County and often returned to the body to have sex with them.

Each of the three major theorists, Marx, Durchem, and Weber, has a very different aspect on how society is in harmony. Several things about their theory are related in many ways. Quoting Marx's words, "The origin of change is not based on ideas, but materialism." The focus of this aspect is how material projects form the foundation of society. Durchem focused on the dependence of others on social work. Weber uses the focus of religion to influence every aspect of life. This is called social cohesion. In this article, we will learn about the relationship between sociological theory and its social system. We usually regard society as a group of people, but in sociology, society is not a group of people but a social organization. People are shaped to adapt to the social realm recognized by society. Society must be understood with "to give meaning to our values ​​and beliefs" (Bartle, 2010). In sociology, there are three main perspectives. - Sociological perspective and theoretical sociologists try to explain how society dominates themselves, but there are many different theories that are often contradictory to each other. Some of these classical theories include Marxism, functionalism and interaction. There is a more modern or contemporary theory like feminism. Each sociological view has different beliefs. Marxists are concerned about the distribution of economic power and wealth. Based on your library and Internet research to explain the sociological theory of three sociological theories, which theory is the most suitable theory for sociology. Three common types of sociological theory are positivism, interpretiveism, and criticism theory. When deciding which theory is most suitable for sociological applications, understand the advantages of each theory fundamentally, comment on three sociological theories based on your library and internet research Please give me. The most appropriate sociological theory is adopted. Three common types of sociological theory are positivism, interpretiveism, and criticism theory. In deciding which theory is best suited for sociological adoption, a basic understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of each theory must be made. so In sociology, there are three major theories of functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interaction theory. This article focuses on two theories, functionalism and conflict theory. The goal is to explain two of the three theoretical perspectives and apply it to the analysis of social stratification. How to achieve this goal is to compare and contrast these assumptions and analyze the impact of two theories on social stratification. Then I will explain which of the two that is consistent with my personal sociological point of view is more my opinion. Functionalism is how many people observe the world in sociology. It clearly shows ... shows more content

In those times when tremendous growth in both the population and the region, people who need to express their own national identity in order to connect the widely diverse and rapidly growing population to the American republican ideals It is not. Not to mention this vision, of course, when Europeans "discover" the United States, we ignore the fact that it became the home of hundreds of different Native American tribes. And the important role that women play. To build a country This entry deals with dualism in the philosophy of the heart. The word "binaryism" has many uses in the history of thought. In general, the idea is that there are two basic types or categories of principles or principles in a particular field. For example, in theology, "binaryists" refers to those who believe good and evil, or God and devil, are about the same in the world. Dualism is a fundamental type, that is, a monism that is a category of things or principles, and more rarely diversification, which is a category of multiple types or views. In philosophy of the mind, dualism is completely different in terms of spiritual and physical or physical, spiritual and physical, and brain. Diversification in the field of spiritual philosophy distinguishes it from belief that there are multiple substances in the world ultimately rather than monism or dualism. (See also cosmology). Polyroism believes that people related to a group or another group have different ideas. Polytheistic beliefs or worship of multiple gods (usually gathered in the Pantheon) and related myths and ceremonies. The philosophical position of positivism thinks that the only true knowledge is scientific knowledge. This is the science philosophy method that comes from enlighten thinkers like Pierre - Simon Laplace (and many others). See also logical positivism. There is a philosophy school called advaita in Indian philosophy. There are systems such as monism and dualism. However, advaita is a non-binary theory that is not a monism (it is a monism theoretically opposite to binaryism). A negative prefix 'a' is added to dvaita (non-duality) to give more rich meaning. This means more than the opposite of dualism. Heidegger uses a hidden prefix, but this is not a hidden antonym but a combination of what was hidden and revealed. In many cases, a negative prefix will say that it is not the original meaning, but leaves many other possibilities and gives richer meaning than positive terms. (I am not saying that all denials produce such a taste)

In the case of Carlton vs. Walkovzsky, I will explain the facts, the main legal issues, majority decisions, and reasons for objections. This case was held on 26 September 1966 in the Court of Appeals of New York. Judge Fuld J made a majority vote and Judge Keating disputed this matter. I applied natural law and legal realism to litigation to justify my position and finally proved that natural law theory is applicable to litigation. According to the facts of the case, Walkovszky was hit by a taxi in New York four years ago and a taxi was manipulated by accident Marches by negligence. In order to tackle the strictest but most important issue of the 21st century, it is essential to study and practice privacy and bioethical law in the sub-areas of natural law, legal positivism, legal realism, and critical law research. In addition, the work of modern philosopher Ronald Dworkin, whose modern theory of law can be explained as an intermediate path between natural law theory and general law positivism theory, has special significance and significance. Furthermore, analytical and normative laws need to be applied to solve the unprecedented philosophical and legal privacy and bioethical issues of this century. There are two kinds of natural law theory: natural law theory of validity and natural law theory of morality. The legality theory of natural law believes that the contents of the law have the necessary moral constraints. Moral theory of natural law focuses on the nature, reasons, and principles of morality. Many people agreeing on natural law ethics also agree with the law of natural law, but these two theories are logically independent. Those who accept legal theory may not accept moral theory, and natural law ethic theorists consistently believe that the law is traditional, unlike morality. Legal realism claims to abolish the assumption of natural law as a legal method, but usually replaces natural law with collective terrorist feeling. The risk of moving forward without an unwavering foundation of transcendental morals makes it easier to return to the most common denominator of social terrorism; the standard of admitting legal / government action is tolerable by perfect terrorism There will be no place. This dismantled law seems to be a secret to reactive and unstable countries, but it is by no means desirable.

The role of sociological theory in criminal interpretation and suppression of crime This paper attempts to explore the role of sociological theory in interpretation of crime and whether it affects the practice of probation observation. First, let's briefly introduce the historical development of criminal thinking, starting with the transition from classicism to positivism, and laying the foundation for the development of the sociological theory of the 1960s and 1970s. Usefulness of sociological theory in interpretation of crime and suppression of crime This paper attempts to explore the role of sociological theory in interpretation of crime and whether it affects probation observation. First, we will briefly explain the historical development of criminal thinking, beginning with classicism and transitioning to positivism. Both of these are the foundations of the development of sociological theory. Sociological theoretical views on religion on 14th March As to the religious social system, the three major sociological theories differ in many ways. All three have their own way to understand the role of religion in society. The purpose of this white paper is to show the influence of each theory on religion and people within the organization. religion The purpose of this paper is to compare, compare and evaluate the sociological theory of the causal relation between two crimes and the psychological theory of two criminal causal relations. Sociological theory of crime, labeling, and structural functionalism / tension. Howard Becker is a sociologist and is often considered to be the development of label theory. However, the origin of this theory can be traced back to the early twentieth century sociologist. This article focuses on three major sociological theories of crime and crime: stress, social learning and control theory. Then a brief introduction to several other important criminal theories, most of them representing the interpretation of these three theories. Finally, a brief description of the effort to develop a comprehensive criminal theory. All described theories explain the crime according to the social environment including family, school, colleague group, workplace, community and society. However, these theories differ from each other in several ways. Focus on certain different characteristics of the social environment and focus on explaining individual differences in crime while providing various social situations leading to crime. Differences in detectives (eg why some communities have higher crime rates than other communities)

A positive attitude can help you deal with everyday problems more easily. It brings optimism to your life, making it easier to avoid worry and negative thinking. If you use it as a way of living it will bring constructive change in your life and will make them happier, brighter and more successful. In a positive attitude, you see the bright side of life, become optimistic and look forward to the best. This is of course a valuable way of thinking. A positive attitude brings happiness and success, and you can change your life. If you see the bright side of life, your whole life will be full of light. This light not only affects you and your world, but it also affects your environment and the people around you. I agree with the statement that a positive attitude is the key to life's success. Positive attitude not only brings greater success but also makes it easier to get inner peace, better health, better relationships, happiness, and satisfaction. Our world is not perfect For everyone, living and satisfying is not easy. People struggle every day to fulfill their goals and succeed and have a series of problems and challenges that everyone has to face and overcome. The only way to overcome obstacles to life is to stick to and stick to it. The power and strength to move people is their attitude, or the view of things. When people constantly maintain a positive prospect for life by believing in their abilities and communicating their enthusiasm to others, they can ultimately reach the destination and achieve the goal they want to succeed . Happiness and success are interrelated. If you are happy in your life, success will come to you. The only way to acquire and disseminate happiness is to be positive. A positive attitude is important not only for your career but also for your private life. A positive attitude is the result of a decision, not an external condition. The problem now is how you add positivism to your actions and what you have to do. You can take positive actions in your life through gratitude and goodwill. Gratitude strengthens the relationship between relationships. On the other hand, empathy and kindness are also very important to enhance positivism. You can do some activities to strengthen it everyday, like meeting new people, providing coffee, listening to other people's problems and trying to solve them.

Summary of the essence of the relationship between species concepts: Édouard LeRoy observes the existence of the intellectual movement that is about to break the traditional positivism as early as 1901 and to develop this new positivist program We have set up the task. Paying attention to the fact that the program was held before the Vienna Circle, I worked hard to determine its nature and to evaluate the impact on logical positivism. From this point of view, the discussion between Le Roy, Poincaré, Duhem seems to be longer and more substantial than it is generally thought. Correction: Many of us are familiar with the concept of species. A species is defined as a group of species that may actually hybridize or hybridize species in nature. The species definition appears to be clipped and dried - it works well for many organisms (such as mammals) - but in many other cases this definition is difficult to apply. For example, many bacteria are mainly asexually propagated. How do you apply the concept of species to them? Many plants and some animals form hybrids in nature, even if they mated predominantly in their own population. Should the occasional crossing groups in selected areas be considered the same species or different species? Since humans invented concepts to help grasp the diversity of nature, the concept of species is ambiguous. For details of the concept of species, see Evolution 101. For more information on concepts of other species, see this trip. Biological species share common characteristics and classify related organisms capable of mating. This species concept is widely used in biology and related research fields. There are also more than 20 different species concepts. However. Some examples include the concept of ecological species that represent species (ie, their niche) as a group of organisms of dependent resources and all living creatures that can be inherited from genetic traits Contains the concept of genetic species to do. . Genetic differences between common gene pools and populations of that species Similar to the concept of species, the concept of genetic species is based on which individuals can be crossed and the number of genetic differences between species However, it can also be used to estimate the time of origin of species. There are several ways to define the concept of "species". The choice of definition depends on the specificity of the species involved. For example, some species concepts can be more easily applied to sexual reproductive organisms, others are suitable for asexual organisms. Despite the variety of concepts of diverse species, these different concepts can be placed in one of three broad philosophical approaches: mating, ecology, and phylogeny. The biological species concept (BSC) is a typical example of a hybridization method. BSC was defined by evolutionary biologist Ernst Mayr in 1942 and is "a species is a natural group that may actually or may be crossed and separated from other such groups It is defined as "There is. For example, because these concepts can not be applied to prokaryotes, this is called a species problem.

In 2008, Mr. Barack Obama 's election soon made people feel the United States was racial at last. However, during his president the existence of race and racial discrimination was obvious. Recent presidential elections, as evidenced by policy decisions aimed at increasing violence against people and color people, using hostile words, and further alienating non-Caucasians, racism hatred Increase. As an application field, administration can be an intermediary in tension in today's society. Articles chosen for this virtual special issue provide a context for public administrator roles, ie promoting fraudulent complicity of people and colored people. We must develop research to recognize the role of racial discrimination, racial discrimination, discrimination and injustice, administrative responsibility and discretion, and reveal and expand the nuances of various people's various experiences. Public managers need to recognize personal and professional prejudices and strive to improve their cultural abilities. The argument should be against the evident ignorance of administrative evolution and racial equality. Administrative discretion, enforcement of flexible judgment, community decadence and recreation of worthless, valued residents is reasonable. If you want to make progress, it is important to ask these ideas. From academic and practical point of view, the administration must better learn the past so as not to repeat the same mistake. The structure of institutional racial discrimination and the Caucasian supremacist system ultimately overcome through effective involvement of racial and racist problems and complete preparation of effective contact with stakeholders be able to. Ignorance is an accomplice. The administration must strive to promote the interests of all the voters, not simply maintaining the current situation without doing anything. In general, there are three different common approaches to understanding the administration. Post modern administrative theory that provides administrators different views on classical administrative theory, new public management theory, and how to practice administration. Important researchers include: Max Weber, Frederick Winslow Taylor, Luther Grick, Mary Parker Follette, Chester Bernard, Herbert A. Simon and Dwight Wold. Herbert Simon proposed administrative theory that provides information from positivism. The impact of today's positivism can be seen in magazines such as Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory and Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. Famous administrative theorists such as Max Weber express the importance of values ​​in the development of administrative theory Administrative theory is divided into three fields recently. The three branches are classical administrative theory, new public management theory, and postmodern administrative theory. Each of these three branches learns administration from a different point of view. These kinds of theories are part of the way administrators can understand and execute their roles as public administrators. Classical administration is usually associated with Woodrow Wilson and Max Weber. In the United States, Woodrow Wilson is called "the father of the administration" and in 1887 it is written as "administrative research." He believed that bureaucrats should be managed like enterprises. Wilson proposed ideas such as promoting performance, specialization, and non-political systems. Compassion will lead to the collapse of the government, which means that bureaucracy should have pragmatism Woodrow Wilson was thought of as political-administrative dichotomy through his administrative theory in his 1887 paper "Administrative Studies". Wilson proposed a theory that politics and administration are essentially different and should be very close. "Administrative areas are business areas, administrative problems are not political issues, politics governs administrative duties, but that should not operate

Introduction This paper assumes how each of the four "world view" (post positivism, compositionism, support / participation, pragmatism) will be discussed for the proposed research. It is developed with the theme of the RSH 9101 B course (research topic, question, purpose, question) with the support of course instructor Dr. Kenneth Gossett. Part of the theme file you use is a description statement that is the basis of this description and the completion of this task. I chose a movie logo to analyze my view of the world. First, I will explain the view of the world of the hero in the movie. Then I will answer whether these roles are consistent with their view of the world view. We also discuss obstacles faced by major players preventing characters and roles from living in their world view. Finally, I will explain my psychological, emotional or spiritual reactions to the movie and explain whether you agree or disagree with the worldview of the movie. Introduction This paper assumes how each of the four "world view" (post positivism, compositionism, support / participation, pragmatism) will be discussed for the proposed research. It is developed with the theme of the RSH 9101 B course (research topic, question, purpose, question) with the support of course instructor Dr. Kenneth Gossett. Part of the theme file you use is a description statement that is the basis of this description and the completion of this task. The view of the world is generally thought to function at a conscious level and it can be directly expressed and discussed without being a "fundamental" concept in Gestalt psychology or a deeper level of prior consciousness such as media analysis I will. However, only when the faith crisis can occur, the core world beliefs are often rooted and hence little reflected by individuals. Prussian linguist Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767-1835) proposed an indivisible view of language and worldview. Humboldt sees the language as part of a human creative adventure. Culture, language, and language community develop simultaneously and can not develop together. In stark contrast to language determinism, the latter encourages us to consider the language as a constraint, framework, or prison, and Humboldt claims that such speech has intrinsic and implicit creativity ing.

This term is becoming increasingly important, especially in specific languages. In order to minimize the barriers of communication at both the language and culture level, agree on which concepts are related to each other in the specialized areas, and which concepts are applied to represent which concept Is important. This thesis provides a theoretical basis for aerobiofuel term extraction project. Creating conceptual outlines When a technical glossary begins studying completely new vocabularies, they first determine the vocabulary domain and working language (Bowker and Pearson, 2002). The above interpretation of criticism theory project and definition of critique theory tend to be understood in contemporaryism terms together with critique theory as a project aimed at criticizing and improving the generalized social science and knowledge methods there is. Unfair and authoritative mass culture, industrialization, capitalism. For these reasons, the theory of Modernism criticism aims to criticize and change the relationship between science, positivism, and the premise of reason. In response to efforts to review the limits of modernist thinking, postmodern critical theory holds the conclusion of the interpretive approach, science and theory are building up reality, so only the analysis of the mean is legal We can do it. " Critical theory is a school of thought that emphasizes introspectional evaluation and criticism of society and culture by applying knowledge of social science and humanities. As a term, critique theory has two different origins and historical significance. The first one starts with sociology, the second starts with literary criticism, which is used as a general term of critical theory. Therefore, theorist Max Hawkheimer stated that the theory is critical because it aims to "free humanity from the environment of slavery". Critical theory is actually solved by two different intellectual traditions, and this tradition is derived from critique theory in literary research and critique social theory. The former is mainly knowledge gained through interpretive form, interpretation of understanding of meanings expressed by human texts and symbolic expressions. On the other hand, the latter is self-reflection knowledge including understanding and theoretical interpretation aimed at reducing traps in systems such as control and dependence, promoting the interests of liberalists to expand autonomy and reduce control, . From a sociological point of view, critical theory is best defined as a social theory contrasting with the specific principles of the 20th century positivism, sometimes called a negative philosophy.

In the whole process of human history, people had advanced technology and well educated ideas, but it was impossible once. From cave paintings to TVs, bows to machine guns, human beings have improved their living standards for many years. We now have all sorts of things, but people can dream a thousand years ago, but we still live in caves like people in many ways. One way is that we despise serious injustice at various levels of society. In this subject, I will understand Newton's law and the result of harmonic oscillation. Newton's law can be divided into three types: First, Second and Third. It teaches us the behavior of real life. Therefore, harmonic oscillation can be classified into three types of pendulum oscillation, damped oscillation and mechanical oscillation. All of these vibrations are useful in our lives, especially in various kinds of dynamics. As with playing tennis in a racket, force is thought to push or pull a particular object. (See Figure 1.0) We can hit the ball at various speeds and direct it to various parts of the opponent, the court. This means that you can control the magnitude and direction of applied forces. Therefore, force is a vector like speed and acceleration. For example, let's consider the law of law - the law of physics. Common philosophical issues concerning law are as follows. What is natural law? More specifically, is the law of nature regular or is it generalization of regularity? Or what else? Another philosophical question, how and how do we understand the laws of nature? I am interested in Kant's answer to these questions and their position in the first to third wider theoretical philosophy. In a nutshell: Natural law theory (nature) requires both the factuality of the law and the question essential for understanding the law. As Green 2003 lists ("Legal philosophers can only be legal positivists"), these further questions ("I do not want to answer legal positivism" ) Are as follows. What are the advantages of the law? What role should laws play in judgment? What is the law we obey? What kind of laws do you have? Should we have the law? All of these problems are slightly different, but we are considering it in this entry. However, it can be said that epistemological and metaphysical fundamentalism is common to legal positivism, natural law theory, and law interpretationism. For legal positivists, the answer to the question of what the law is and what the law means can be found in the rules (Hart 1958). Moral (Fuller 1958). Likewise, for legal interpreters, the answer to both questions lies in the legal principle. In other words, for legal interpreters, the law derives its legitimacy and authority from the principles resulting from legal practices. Although the law is inherently interpretive, according to this view, the interpretation process is based on what the law means, preferably when it is necessary for a person familiar with the relevant legal tradition to judge Stop. If you make a decision, you will get an answer. The meaning is decided

Psychology seems to be prejudiced like perceptual science. I still know that it is a lot, but this seems to be Kevin's concern. This does not mean prejudice like racial prejudice, but I will get up tomorrow just as I go to bed tonight. I got up today, I think I will get up tomorrow, if I do not believe that I may be difficult to fall asleep as I can not get up. So, when people see pictures of young girls and then they see pictures of older women and young girls, they are likely to see this young girl. This paper presents and answers three different questions: What is multicultural psychology? What is psychology? Does not multicultural psychology and (experience / positivism) psychology compatible? A brief overview of the history of science, emphasizing the liberating impulses behind modernism, empiricism, positivistic scientific methods. Some people think that this method is not inconsistent with multicultural psychology. If the author studies psychological and social problems affecting different groups using qualitative and quantitative methods including psychologists from the tradition of positiveist traditions, multicultural psychology is strengthened I will conclude. The current social psychology crisis largely reflects the fact that this field is divided into three more and more isolated fields, psychosocial psychology, symbolic interactionism and psychosocialism. A simple critical view of these aspects shows that each aspect of the benefit complements other weaknesses and emphasizes the need for more communication between them. (Author / MV) The current "crisis" of social psychology is divided into three areas or aspects that are increasingly isolated in this field: (1) psychosocial psychology, (2) symbolic interactionism, and (3) psychosocial society Reflecting the division into. Learning (or social structure and personality). Sociology of knowledge analysis shows that the unique substantial and methodological interests of each aspect reflect the knowledge and institutional background it develops. In psychosocial psychology, laboratory experiments are conducted to focus on individual psychological processes related to social stimulation, symbolic interaction in face-to-face interaction using nature observation, psychosocial field on macro social structure I am using it. Relationship between process and personal psychology and behavior, investigation method is most frequently used. Diagnosis does not guarantee treatment, but the purpose of this paper is to promote the correction of the face and tendency it depicts.

Topic 4: "What is accepted as today's knowledge may be destroyed at tomorrow." Consider the problem of knowledge posed by this statement in the knowledge of the two fields. May 15, 2014 (Thursday) "Tomorrow accepted as knowledge is sometimes abandoned." Let's think about the problem of knowledge raised in these two knowledge fields. Since knowledge is a social structure, this expression becomes a reality for human nature, but due to human motive and curiosity. Thomas Kuhn's research on the change over time of scientific knowledge has a great influence on how people think about the construction of scientific knowledge and their philosophy is divided from logical positivism and logical empiricism into social It shifted to constructivism. Kuhn explains how formally recognized scientific knowledge systems are "ordinary science" and built as a thinking paradigm. Normal Science (Kuun, 2012). The process of stochastic verification and tampering with these new phenomena is the scientific method we know and these are consistent within the paradigm, remain reproducible and remain unchanged is. Continuous application of inquiry methods - All of these processes covered by the knowledge framework share knowledge changes and evolve over time. Applying a method belonging to the field of knowledge has the effect of changing what we know. These changes may be gradual and gradual - knowledge domains are somewhat more stable over time. However, as the field of knowledge responds to new experimental results (eg, theoretical progress etc.), sudden dramatic and dramatic revolutionary knowledge changes and paradigm shifts may occur. Like shared knowledge, personal knowledge is not static, but it changes and develops over time. Personal knowledge will change according to our experience. What an 18 year old person knows may be quite different from what I knew at the age of 6. Various knowledge covered in the TOK course contributes to these changes. Given the example of scientists like Albert Einstein, he made a lot of contributions to modern physics. Obviously, he has some personal qualities that will allow him to go some distance more than his colleagues. He has personal knowledge and is probably a way to see what can be used to advance exploration of the early 20th century physics. But his insight must be accepted as part of a shared knowledge system through a thorough review process This is the field of physics.

For lawyers the importance of legal positivism is undoubted. The legal system arising from the two versions of Britain and the European Continent has certainly undergone evolutionary process. Today there is another legal perspective on the legal norms, their legal norms, and the strict separation of law and morality. In modern society there is an autonomous order, now the law is seen as separate from the normative function and autonomous one. Since all laws are enacted by Congress, no longer external view of the legal system is necessary, so we need a new theory to understand natural law and replace it. Common loans include court decisions (judgments) and do not include regulatory interpretation, regulation, treaties or constitutions. Although the court made such an interpretation, many lawsuits were decided without interpretation of laws and other Codex statutes. For example, the state courts that decide what witnesses are necessary for a valid intention without rules (based on law) is a general law. The American law originates mainly from the British common law tradition. By the time the American colonies uprised in the UK in 1776, the British common law tradition was well established in colonial courts. Common law in the UK is a system that uses written judicial decisions as domestic law. Therefore, if a British court expresses an opinion on the content of common law robbery, other courts will claim this decision to form a common legal system nationwide. The judiciary consists of the Supreme Court, the US District Court and the US Court of Appeals. All of them are federal courts and you can make a decision about the legal interpretation that binds the lower courts. They can decide criminal or civil lawsuits and usually hear cases where there is a certain doubt about the interpretation of the relevant law. In a system like the United States, all government departments have their own functions. The legislature passed the law. The Execution Division will enforce them. Instead, judiciary explained these laws. This means that the judiciary determines the meaning of the law. If there is controversy over the meaning of the law (whether it is the legislation passed in parliament or the constitution), the judiciary needs to decide who is right to explain the law. The purpose of the judicial judgment of the US government is to act as a regulatory body for interpreting the law related to the US constitution. The judiciary consists of the Federal Supreme Court's final appeal level federal court system. The Supreme Court may influence the privacy of individuals or organizations by judicial interpretation of isolated lawsuits where infringement of privacy was discovered. The coming of the Supreme Court's privacy lawsuit will ultimately lead to judgments and precedents that change the privacy rights that the Supreme Court is permitted in the country. Whether Congressional or Court decisions first appeared in the field of privacy protection is unknown, but court precedents play an important role in viewing and interpreting the privacy of other federal agencies, companies and individuals.

Greek attitudes towards women seen in Hesiod's work Hesiod's work clearly shows that the presence of women is terrible for men. Zeus ordered Hephaistus to create a woman as punishment for what he was dismissed. A woman should be a man's poison: "We should make everyone happy bringing about their heart, love and hugs of hugs" (W & D, 57-59). In Theogony, women are called "big plague" because of "not suitable for the curse of poverty, but suitable for concentration" (592-93), and other flaws. The attitude towards ancient Greek women is complex and diverse, and Semonides was writing poetic tradition - positivism - usually involving violent attacks. His view certainly does not represent the attitudes of all ancient Greeks, but they focus on the position of police women in the sex hierarchy and their socially accepted roles as "good wives" It reflects a larger system of matching. I connected. During the next few thousand years, the attack patterns did not change very much. "Bad" wife is a fixed idea as still busy people, jealousy, gold miners, trophy's wife and harp. After a women's magazine article, while men are included in one list of female "types", but she wants a happy marriage, he still encourages his wife to avoid this behavior. The cultural portrayal of women in ancient Greek myths is also a symbol and influence of the treatment and status of Greek women in society. Men are responsible and women have never been considered equivalent to men, even women of similar status. To a certain extent, this reality is due to the teaching taught through educational literature. If Xenophon's Oeconomicus is not a blatant country who wishes to isolate elite women from male members of the Greek family members, it is necessary to treat them in a non-personal way to shape the wife into a unique and accurate specification I strongly suggest that. Hesiod's letter to Perse's in his work and day to day is not worth noting if he is not trying to lead Greeks to possess the property of agricultural technology. Hesiod's explanation of the collapse of Pandora as a human means to alert the man of the danger of allowing a woman to leave the isolation.

The legal nature of the Australian society is complex and vibrant. A case study of McBain v Victoria and a historical analysis of legal responses to Australian indigenous peoples 200 years after British colonial rule shows an understanding of the legal nature of the Australian society and the characteristics of the framework of the Australian Constitution. McBain v Victoria affair understands the legal nature of the society in Australia and has dual functions of law as a record of social stories and personal stories and two functions of social order and dispute resolution system It shows a heavy function. The law of the Natural Law has undergone a re-establishment period (as in the case of legal positivism). The most famous contemporary natural law scholar, Australian John Finnis is based in Oxford, but there are American German Grises, Robert P. George, Joseph Boyle of Canada, and Brazilian Emilio Brasileiro . Everyone is trying to build a new version of the law of nature. Anarchists of the 19th century and Lysander Spooner, a law theorist, are expressions of contemporary natural law. The basis of the natural law of the positive law (part II. A), the early Fa of the origin, the foundation of the classical natural law of the correction and the early development (section II.B), and the present constitutional eclecticism Section II.B) Section II.C), we are looking forward to it now. In particular, we explain how the classical natural law tradition provides the first legal origin or the first legal basis for legalism as part of today's constitution . This research unit provides the foundation for legal research. Its purpose is to explain a practical outline of the Australian legal system, introduce the legal reasoning and analytical skills necessary to complete the law degree, criticize the discussion on the role of the law in our lives It is to offer as an opportunity to participate in the same way. (I) Training of judges and laws, (ii) relationships between courts and the Diet, (iii) Courts, courts and other institutions, with special attention to the legal history of the UK and Australia I will ask about dispute resolution of form. (Iv) understanding and investigating the principles of judicial reasoning and statutory interpretation, (v) law, government and political relations, (vi) rights of Australian law, their country of origin and destinations (vii) And relevance

Phenomenology is a new theory that is still being rejected by many people in the field of sociology. After studying cultural concepts, phenomenological sociologists study how people define their social context. The idea behind this theory is that the daily reality is a series of ideas of social construction, which accumulates over time and is often regarded as a matter of course by team members. Since the history of phenomenological sociology is the work of German philosopher Edmund Husserl and he accepted this theory as an interest in human's acceptable feeling, "we never do" I know more about things than doing things directly through them "(Wallace & Wolf 20 Phenomenological discipline can be defined initially as a structure of experience research or consciousness. Literally, phenomenology is a study of "phenomena": the appearance of things, the things that appear in our experience, or the way we experience things, and therefore the meaning of things in our experience. Phenomenology studies conscious experience from a subjective or first person perspective. Then, this philosophical field will be distinguished from the main fields of other philosophies: ontology (what exists or studies), epistemology (knowledge research), logic (research of effective reasoning), morality ( Study of right and wrong behavior)) Phenomenology in phenomenology (phenomenological psychology) is a psychological study of subjective experience. This is a psychological thematic approach rooted in the philosophical study of Edmund Husserl. Early phenomenologists such as Husserl, Jean-Paul Sartre and Morris Meloponti did a philosophical study of consciousness in the early 20th century. Their criticism of psychology and positivism later influenced at least two major areas of modern psychology. Phenomenological psychological approach of Duchen University (descriptive phenomenological approach in psychology). And experiment method (specific ideological topic) on Francisco Varela, Shaun Gallagher, Evan Thompson etc etc. Other names related to sports include Jonathan Smith (interpretation of phenomenological analysis), Steinar Kvale, Wolfgang Köhler.

To summarize the label theory and to consider its relevance in contemporary juvenile crime and antisocial behavior in contemporary British society. . "... The social group creates rules for deviation by causing a violation and marks these roles as outsiders by applying them to specific people, which is applied to" criminals " The result of the rules and sanctions. People who are labels h from traitors According to label theory, bias and consistency are not only related to people's behavior, but also to other people's reactions to these behaviors. Therefore, society has built various behaviors. In this article we will comprehensively describe label theory and comment on the importance of the theory on today's British youth deviation behavior and youth antisocial behavior. Label theory became dominant in the early 1960s and the late 1970s when it was used as the criminal sociology theory that influenced the orthodox positivism. essay.com/Outline categorizes the theory and is considering its role in understanding contemporary juvenile crime and antisocial behavior in the UK Outline the label theory and consider its role in understanding contemporary juvenile crime and antisocial behavior in the UK To summarize the label theory and to consider its relevance in contemporary juvenile crime and antisocial behavior in contemporary British society. . "... The social group creates rules for deviation by causing a violation and marks these roles as outsiders by applying them to specific people, which is applied to" criminals " The result of the rules and sanctions. People who are labels h from traitors Labeling is the core of social identity theory. Individual labeling and social attribution are given based on the status of the group. For minor children, adolescents and families, these labels make them socially disadvantageous and may adversely affect their self-concept. In many contemporary literature, children and young people of ethnic minorities continue to be expressed as "being at risk". This label may be a powerful force for the social identity of ethnic minorities. Adams Johnson & Evans (1998) used the National Longitudinal Youth Survey to examine the labeling effects of African Americans and Caucasians on data from 11 to 17 years of age. The results show that informal labels can have a greater impact on African American young people than Caucasians.

It is confined in a small, dark, window-free room and sounds like a scene in a horror movie for several hours. But Isabel Loeffler is doing this everyday, and the place she thinks to be the safest, that is, her school. Robert Tomsho's article "When discipline begins to fight" is a story about Isabel Loeffler's real life. Isabel is an 8 year old girl with autism and several other obstacles. Isabel was placed in an ordinary classroom but received little assistance, but later the judge ruled that the act violated federal law. This research will discuss the critical analysis of the two articles used in my research proposal. Both articles require two different qualitative and quantitative research fields; articles must represent two paradigm hypotheses; the selected articles belong to both quantitative and post quantitative Positivism, qualitative and constructivistic methods and paradigms, each article is analyzed to examine the methodology of critical analysis; use of research questions; theory or other framework; definition, limits and meanings; method And procedures; quality and strict position This paper uses network data to study the current state and situation of skepticism in climate science and climate conflict. This research begins with a scientific econometric analysis that analyzes the distribution of disciplines and shared publishing places. Scientometric data show that skepticists of climate change are part of climate science, share the field distribution, and share the mainstream of the famous scientific community. In addition to becoming "mainstream", skeptics have their own unique channels and fields.

Important reception history of crack - up "... It 's very interesting to enter the hotel, very respectful staff I do not know that I am tens of thousands of dollars in debt as well as thousands, In the world, cash is less than 40 cents And it could be a bank loss of 13 dollars. "This article on Scott Fitzgerald's note about his time at Hendersonville, North Carolina - my own linen and canned meat Washing class and food (Cody) 's life is a good summary of his condition when he started writing. Cracked "prose. The important acceptance history of Oedipus Rex began with Aristotle (384 BC to 322 BC) and opened up a history of literary formalism and structural analysis of poetry. Critically explain the two important foundations of the company. In a sense, it can be regarded as rarely being the first book of literary criticism, its significance for subsequent research of works in the form of popular entertainment, and festivals over performances being funded by the state I will. Accepting aesthetics is important for literary theory and criticism. As Joss stated, "acceptance aesthetics" opens the idea of ​​updating the history of literature by giving the task of re-understanding the literary history of the process of communication among the three, exhausting it, making him immersed in positivism . , Author, text, and reader. "(Jauss, 1989: 117). According to accepted aesthetics, literary translation is a process of dual communication between text and readers, writers and readers.The end result of communication is that the reader is a writer and his writings In order to satisfy the readers, in fact, the "vision of expectation" is not only limited by the literary form but also by the previous reading experience of the reader. The reception history platform that receives the history can be of two types. The first type of history uses events as results or effects as a starting point for analysis. On the other hand, the second type starts with the surviving society and its past problems. It is related to cultural phenomena such as memories, memorials and myths. These two reception histories are difficult to analyze from the analysis point of view, but the following will briefly explain how the Nazi and the history of Communist terrorism will be explained and expressed in later periods . War society To some extent, this discussion attempts to establish a link to the introduction page of this article and summarizes current observations of relevance. Klas-Göran Karlsson and Michael Schoenhals Review of studies on crimes against humanity under the Communist administration

Aristotle once said: "The rule of law is better than anyone." The essence of the rule of law means that the government and individuals are bound by law and based on the importance of standards and procedures , The notion of judicial emphasis on judgment of interpersonal relationships, administrative organs limit discretion, exercise legislative power, independent judiciary, precedent and customary law, expectation rather than retrospective law, and fundamental legal basis. In China, members of a law school in the 3 rd century BC insisted on the use of law as a tool of governance, but they insisted on "rule of law" rather than "rule of law". By contrast, Huang Lao Taoist school rejected legal positivism and backed the natural law on which the ruler was based. Recently, efforts have been made to reevaluate the influence of the Bible on the Western Constitution. In the Old Testament, the Deuteronomy imparted to the king the number of wives he might take and certain restrictions for his own use on the horse he might get. According to Professor Bernard M. Levinson, "This law seems to have never been done in that era, the utopia seems never done." Ponte of the 16th century Britain Chinese people generally lack consciousness of law. This is due to Chinese history and culture. Feudal Chinese is the rule of man. The feudal Chinese culture influences the people's thoughts today. It reduces the recognition of their rights that did not exist in the past. It has hampered China's efforts to establish the rule of law. The rule of law is important in every aspect of life in every country. It provides a safe political and social environment to the state, guarantees enforcement power of commerce and commerce, enhances economic productivity, and assures property and freedom. However, the above problem is the main obstacle to change China to the "rule of law" country. The establishment of the rule of law in China is expected to be one of the biggest "social infrastructure projects". Essay.com / Assessing the change to China's legal system from that day We will strictly evaluate the changes made to the overall legal system in China since that day You may know that the Chinese Communist Party is the foundation and ruling party of the People's Republic of China. Although the political environment in China is stable, the lack of political freedom is the subject of concern. Many analysts question the lack of openness in China's political regime. It is worth noting, however, that China has established itself as a major destination for foreign direct investment (FDI) based on a stable political environment, cheap labor, and improved infrastructure. Not surprisingly, China got a record $ 139 billion in direct investment in 2016 and became the third largest direct investment in the world.

Over the past 25 years, before the study and psychoanalysis of Sigmund Freud, a big change that was well designed, attractive but controversial was made. The author argued in this book is Freud's faithful and guerrilla. At least the same as Freud's depth psychological assumption, several different doctrines. Although their criticisms are often selective and familiar, they are rarely rigorous and thorough. An academic humanist who sees farther than a narrow "positivism" (aka experience) is increasingly concerned that Freud's work is being pursued more and more by scholars who do not have individual interests in the fate of psychoanalysis . . Recent works are Scharnberg (1993), Esterson (1993), Wilcocks (1994), Dawes (1994), Webster (1995) and Erwin (1996). In other words, independent research tends to make judgments that have once been regarded as even signs of extremism and neurosis, and there is nothing scientific or therapeutic for Freud's entire system or its constituent doctrine There is none. Freud's daughter, Anna Floyd is also an excellent psychologist, especially in the field of children and developmental psychology. Siegmund is a grandfather of painter Lucian Freud and comedian, politician, writer Clement Floyd, and journalist Emma Freud, fashion designer Bella F. Lloyd and media giant, Matthew Floyd and Rare Williams' grandfather. One of the less-known interests of Freud is neurology. He was an early researcher on the problem of cerebral palsy, later called "cerebral palsy". He published several medical papers on this subject. He also showed that this disease existed long before other researchers began to pay attention and research. He also suggested that cerebral palsy, first discovering that William Little was born with hypoxia was wrong. Instead, he thinks the complications of birth are only symptoms of the problem. It was not until the 1980s that his speculation was confirmed by more modern research institutions. Sigmund Freud is an Austrian neurologist who founded the field of psychoanalysis. Freud was interested in philosophy as a student, later decided to become a neuroscientist in cerebral palsy, aphasia and micro anatomy. Freud continues to develop theories about unconscious psychology and oppression mechanisms and continues to develop the field of speech psychotherapy by creating clinical approaches to treat psychopathology through psychoanalysis, dialogue between patients and psychoanalysts Established. Psychiatric treatment of the most common problems includes phobia, conversion, obsessive compulsive disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, anxiety neurosis, seizures, depression, sexual dysfunction, various human relations problems (dates and marriages Conflict, etc.), various various personality problems (painful shame), despair, hatred, work poisoning, overload, overload, super aversion to Sigmund Freud is considered a father of psychoanalysis. Most notable is his tendency to trace all psychological problems back to sexual problems (Floyd, paragraph 1 of 2013). Freud was strongly influenced by other psychologists such as Charles Darwin and Ernst Brooke, but Freud's most influential teacher was Jean-Martin Schacotte. Charco influenced Freud using Hypnotism and casual comments made at his party on Freud. Float carelessly saw Charcot talking about the hysteric symptoms of female patients. This is one of many factors that helped shape the relationship between neurosis and unresolved sexual problems.

Thomas Hardy's heretic Thomas Hardy is widely recognized as a poet who is against suspicion of contemporaries and doubts religion. Hardy 's sentence style makes it easy for accidental natural events to determine the process of his novel. Another philosopher who expressed a heretic view on traditional religion during the Hardy era was Auguste Comte, the founder of positivism. Thomas Hardy 's childhood is a good example of a child who makes the most of his educational opportunities. Thomas Hardy was born on Highball Hampton on June 2, 1840. Jamiema and Thomas Hardy are his parents. Thomas' father was a mason, and his mother was at home to raise brothers and sisters. In 1848, Thomas receives his first education at Julia Martin School. Shortly thereafter, Thomas strengthens his studies in Latin and French. Shortly thereafter, Thomas visited London to work under the guidance of Arthur Bloomfield. After visiting the museum, participating in theaters and opera and exploring the cultural life of London, he began writing poetry. (Thomas Hardy Research Library (Online) (Rittering) Born in Dorset, England on June 2, 1840, Thomas Hardy was born in Jemima Hand and Thomas Hardy Senior. Thomas is the oldest of the four children, including Mary, Henry and Kate. Hardy went to school only for eight years from 1848 to 1856. While attending school, he became interested in architecture and writing. When I was working as architect John Hicks as his assistant, he never wrote that I never practiced Latin for 3 hours every morning before I work. In 1868, Thomas Hardy completed his first novel "Poor and Female." He wrote all the words in his spare time after work or on vacation. Despite this commitment to his writing, it has yet been rejected. Thomas Hardy was born in the village of Upper Boston in 1860. He is a mason of the country. Hardy is Thomas the third of his family. His mother's maiden name is Jemima Hand and her and her husband led Hardy through a very happy childhood. In his early days he was a seed bed for creative development after him. His mother thought that she was really poor when she was young because she lost her father. Hardy said, "She has read all the books that she can put." Many people think that she is the main influence in Hardy's life, but his father is also a character. Even though he does not have the "art of enriching himself through business", he is still an excellent craftsman and a music enthusiast. Hardy 's family was never poor, and he compiled his happy childhood with little lyrics:

In the opinion of counterfeiters, if there is no scientist who guesses this before discovery, because the content is limited, the science field is very small and there is no need to guess. Everyday scientists use their intuition to further promote the branches of the scientific community using reason and discover new things. Without personal opinion Popper Science is not here. The legitimacy of science has Popper's own opinion and he advocates the theory of forgery and defense of himself. Carl Hempel (1905-1997) - Developed an influential scientific interpretation and theoretical verification theory. When he finds that this is the logical result of the law of nature, he thinks "to interpret" this phenomenon. He supports the hypothesis about confirmation - an a priori explanation similar to the way we describe "doing scientific discussions" on this website. Thomas Kuhn (1922-1996) - a historian and a philosopher, he believes that the scientific landscape developed by a logical experienceist like Popper is not like the history of science. Kuhn is famous for distinguishing scientists who solve puzzles with ordinary science, a specific framework or paradigm, and revolutionary science when the paradigm is overturned. One of the main problems of concern and controversy in scientific philosophy is the essence of scientific theory revolution. Karl Popper believes that scientific knowledge is progressive and cumulative, Thomas Kuhn is scientific knowledge rather than progress rather than 'paradigm shift', Paul Feyerabend said that scientific knowledge is not cumulative or gradual thinking about. You can not divide any method. A series of studies that began with Thomas Kuhn 's scientific revolutionary structure in 1962 and depended on the role of science in social context began in the mid - 20 th century. It suggests that evolution of science has opened scientific research on new fields. Partially determined by sociology, positivism does not explain the actual interactions and strategies of human science participants. The concept of science is often misunderstood. Science is not a collection of knowledge. Science is not a series of ways. Scientific methods are constantly evolving and adapting. In short, science is a method of exploration using a hypothetical reasoning model. The core science function is to try to use the most powerful means available to counter the hypothesis. Science is an incomplete exploration method that can not be applied to all situations, but in many cases it is a good mastery in comparison with alternatives that rely on authority (religious or otherwise), common sense and causal observation is there. The way of knowledge The philosophy of science is related to the rationale for defining the method of exploration making up science.

When a person's life is good, she will be happy. Being healthy, happy, having friends is a sign of happiness. And if you lose your job or get seriously ill, others will be worried about your happiness. People who work dangerously like soldiers and police often find themselves endangering their happiness. The word of happiness is also a particularly important philosophical term in various moral philosophies. But how to evaluate how we actually contribute to our health is a controversial topic. Happiness has three major generalized theories; "hedonism" is to increase people's happiness, to maximize the happy experience of this person and to minimize her painful experience I believe it is enough to do. In this theory, her life is very smooth for her if a person has a lot of happiness and pain. Second theory - 'desire - satisfaction' theory - meeting human desires is an integral part of happiness. In this theory, the degree of happiness depends on how much that person satisfies his / her desire. When a person's life is good, she will be happy. Being healthy, happy, having friends is a sign of happiness. And if you lose your job or get seriously ill, others will be worried about your happiness. People who work dangerously like soldiers and police often find themselves endangering their happiness. The word of happiness is also a particularly important philosophical term in various moral philosophies. Happiness is often understood to be beneficial to someone or something. There are two types of related happiness. The first one is short-term happiness. This is someone's happiness at any moment. How good is their life for them when people are treated as a whole. Additional opinion views on lifelong happiness believe that lifelong happiness depends entirely on the total amount of instantaneous happiness produced in life (Fletcher, 2016). According to positivism, life's happiness is only the sum of all the moments of happiness. Despite all the other factors, the two kinds of life with the same moment 's happiness will have the same lifelong welfare, regardless of all other factors. As time goes by, how the instantaneous happiness is consolidated, and the order not affecting the health of life under activityism, this is the point of the following discussion. What is addictive about lifetime happiness? Explain and evaluate David Wellman's argument against it

Research on behavioral psychological processes focuses on reasons such as why organisms do what they do and why such skills have been learned. Learning is not lost; why does the child resist their parents, why do humans speak, love each other, fight each other? These examples of learning and behavior are directly related to human intelligence and language. The essence of thinking is at the center of psychology and related fields. Cognitive psychology studies cognitive and potential behaviors of psychological processes. We use information processing as a framework for understanding the mind. Perception, learning, problem solving, memory, attention, language and emotion are all well studied areas. Cognitive psychology is associated with a school called cognitiveism, and advocates of cognition advocate a model of psychological information processing based on positivism and experimental psychology. Cognitive psychology techniques and models are widely used and form the backbone of psychology theory in many research fields and applied psychology. Developmental psychology focuses on the development of human thought throughout the life cycle, how people perceive, understand and act around the world, and how these processes change with age I understand. As science, psychology is a study of human thought and its broad functions and influences. Psychological research promotes understanding of human emotions, personality, intelligence, memory, perception, recognition, attention, and motivation, as well as biological processes that promote these human functions and behaviors. The motivation is related to human behavior and interpersonal relationships, so the motivation is the concept of psychology and sociology. This is the most basic and most common concept of psychology. Sweet talk is useful for motivating, but it certainly is not enough. Motivation is basically related to human needs, desires, expectations. In other words, these factors indicate measures that can be used to motivate employees. Regarding incentives, efforts should be made to meet the various needs of employees so that employees are happy, happy, and away from tension. This creates a possible environment, as employees are actively working more actively in their work and working effectively. Motivation is a skill that creates appeal of work. It encourages employees to improve their performance to achieve organizational goals. The process of motivation is ongoing (periodic) and is beneficial for both employers and employees.

In the validity research paradigm, effectiveness and reliability are the most fundamental functional issues used in qualitative and quantitative analysis. The validity of psychometrics is included in the positivistic approach, which is related to the qualitative view reflecting the truth. From this point of view, the definition of positivism is based on the theory of systematiness and effectiveness. In addition, other empirical concepts such as truth, deduction, world law, evidence, reason, reality are ultimately born from effectiveness. Studies can be characterized and evaluated with three validities: internal validity, external validity, and structural validity. Each provides a different perspective on a specific research, and each research project needs to evaluate the effectiveness of these three. However, there are certain threats to each validity concept that may affect the outcome of any study. Therefore, novice researchers must be familiar with the basis of research questions before conducting research. The first concept to know is four levels of effectiveness: construction, statistics, internal and external. Establish measurement and operation of validity evaluation variables. How do the results of statistical validation support or do not support hypotheses or major arguments? Internal effectiveness focuses on causal relationship assertions and can be supported through research. External effect is the promotion of research to the general. The best way to understand the effectiveness of these different types is to put them into action. The following article is my paper on completing the psychology course at Grand Canyon University. Researchers are aiming to find many different kinds of validity for that scale, including internal, statistical, constitutive, contentual, standard, and external. Essentially, effectiveness is defined as the extent to which the project or scale measures structure that it is designed to measure. It is considered reliable to consistently measure the dimensions of the construct and it is considered effective to measure the proportion of the expected construct. There are many papers [4, 5, 7] discussing ways to evaluate the effectiveness of countermeasures, but validity evaluation is quite different from reliability evaluation. There are four types of validity conclusions: internal, construction, and external validity. In this study, internal validity was used to analyze relationships and causal relationships between procedures and outcomes. If the measuring instrument is not accurately measured, the effectiveness is more important than reliability because there is no reason to use even if it is being measured. The purpose of analyzing the reliability and validity of the data is to examine the exact relationship between measurements and the underlying functions they are about to measure.

· Second is the metaphysical stage that people understand society as natural (not supernatural).  - The final stage of Comte is the stage of science or positivism, which he believes will be the cornerstone of social development. At the scientific stage, society We have learned 16 A A through the definition of social networks provided by scholars of economics A, A, A law, philosophy, political science, public health, social psychology, A and A sociology. After this discussion, definitions are compared in tabular form. It may be useful to check the table first. AAAA their components have a foothold in review by the sociologist Gibbs Early Concept (1965): Including AAAAAAA Norma €: AA (1) Collective evaluation of behavior, it should be what is it? What? A and / or A (3) in particular actions from A to A, attempts to impose sanctions A or A from A to A, otherwise temptation AAA is a specific way of behavior. one Social Science (SOS) SOS 260 Introduction to Social Science 3 is a unit to study how social science is focusing on the state of human behavior and humanity. This course aims to systematically associate its constituent fields of anthropology, economics, history, politics, psychology and sociology. SOS 470 has selected the credits of the current theme seminar 3. Prerequisite: Senior senior status of social science major and teacher 's consent. Detailed investigation and workshop survey on one or more current issues in one or more social sciences. SOS 472 Seminar on social science 3 units Prerequisite: Senior status of social science major and teacher's consent. This is an interdisciplinary seminar designed to enable advanced students to learn more deeply about each field of social science. Academic Calendar (Autumn 2012) August 3, 2012 August 3, 2012 August 6, 2012 - August 11, 2012 August 13, 2012 August 14, 2012 August 15, 2012 2012 August 16, August 17

Nonetheless, the empirical view of knowledge on which positivism is based has long been limited. Immanuel Kant points out that knowledge comes not only from sense, but also from the basic conceptual knowledge tray we have. In addition, the interpretation of observation may differ depending on the way each person understands the concept. The claim by Staman and Slob (2012) above analyzes the use of this scientific view below. Assuming that true knowledge is only observable or inductive, all of the above claims (k1, k2, and k3) are affected by reliability problems. Analysis: Analysis is where you present evidence. It should explain how evidence supports sentences and how to support your view on the topic, which may not be obvious to the reader. Think about the analysis as answering this question. The following is an example of a paragraph using the C - E - A format. In this paragraph, claims are underlined, the evidence is italicized, and the analysis is shown in bold. (To save space, it is not 2/3 of the length of the page.) At the end of this section is the entire development paragraph. The main paragraph provides the main points; the paper organization supports the paper with evidence including analysis of the evidence by the author. The body constitutes most of the content of the article. A good article should include three major paragraphs, the first paragraph explaining the topic and further development. The following sentences should provide definitive evidence to explain the argument of the paper. Other paragraphs provide examples of ongoing support for assertions and providing specific information. In the last paragraph of the article, we need to further support this assertion and consider other claims using strong evidence to convince the audience. There are papers and assertions somewhere, but the paper lacks consistent development and evidence application. In insurance claims there is a lack of clarity of definition, lack of clarity of de facto claim details, lack of analysis, grade and application value, or lack of imagination and procedural details. By using the expertise of the journal, the research showed that the best book on subjects, as well as case studies related to timely articles, interviews, field surveys and topics are deep. Consider all aspects, especially viewpoints that violate the author's argument. Policy analysis is an important discipline for researchers, officials who formulate or evaluate policy implementation, health advocates, research journalists, and other policymakers. The main capabilities of policy analysis include skills to develop best practices, literature reviews, analysis of existing policies to identify areas in need of new policies, policy barriers or inconsistencies between policies, programs and international Latest information on best practices Knowledge can draft policy recommendations and compare policy choices and tradeoffs. Analysts also need financial analysis skills to estimate the cost of policy selection. Policy analysis requires skills to understand decision makers' willingness to make decisions, communication skills, stories to support policy selection, and advocacy techniques that will allow the government to take responsibility for policy decisions.

Wild crops of animal and plant cultivation are the first plants to cultivate wheat and barley is very common in many parts of the Middle East. Changes in hunting and collection in crop cultivation are moderate. Only when the agricultural sector adds crops, the community reduces their hunting and gathering behavior. (Solecki, p.19) Initial farmers may have achieved the semi-nomadic lifestyle. At the same time as growing wild cereals in that country, the agricultural system began to engage in livestock industry. The role of women in ancient Greece was restricted to the activities of families and families, but Sophocles chose to write a drama that challenges the traditional role of ancient women. When forbidding someone to burial Antigenie 's brother Polyneices' bodies, he elects to despise Kryon, the command of her uncle and Thebes ruler. In ancient times, women were classified as traditional responsibilities of houses - weaving, managing families, giving birth and other family related problems. They have nothing to say in public life and have little to say in their private life. Their lives are guided by men in the family, whether they are fathers, brothers or husbands. The role of women in ancient Greek society is different from today. The role of women seems to have undergone fundamental changes from ancient classical times to a more familiar classical era. There are many sources of research for classical periods. Classical Greeks are writers, poets, artists and even historians. The previous classical Greeks were more difficult to learn, as we had to rely on verbal traditions of archeology and myths. Equally important is the development of Greek letters around 800 BC. This development wrote down the mysterious verbal tradition. The attitude towards ancient Greek women is complex and diverse, and Semonides was writing poetic tradition - positivism - usually involving violent attacks. His view certainly does not represent the attitudes of all ancient Greeks, but they focus on the position of police women in the sex hierarchy and their socially accepted roles as "good wives" It reflects a larger system of matching. I connected. During the next few thousand years, the attack patterns did not change very much. "Bad" wife is a fixed idea as still busy people, jealousy, gold miners, trophy's wife and harp. After a women's magazine article, while men are included in one list of female "types", but she wants a happy marriage, he still encourages his wife to avoid this behavior.

Nursing research, including qualitative research and quantitative research, has long been a part of nursing professionals. This is important in teaching medical practice. Many nurses have basic knowledge of research, but when conducting research it is also important to understand personal values ​​and beliefs to guide the type of research. Understanding the differences in epistemology, methodology, and method helps this choice to implement effective research projects. This article compares and contrasts quantitative and qualitative research methods while explaining epistemology, methodology, and various methods used in each method. In this article, we will also briefly explain ethical considerations of research, using examples of related psychology. Here, when considering the epistemology behind the two methods of research, we have to look at it from our basic philosophy of ideas and concepts and how it is formed (Pidgeon & Henwood) Since the method determines the use of quantitative or qualitative methods, research methods and research methods are interrelated. Referring to the research proposal, the ontology is the objective of objective epistemology, where the method used by positivism is quantitative. The research topic being studied is, first and foremost, that the store's brand will become more common than the brand name of the supermarket and how the luxury brand will benefit from the economic recession. Both have empirical methods, so more quantitative methods are used to study this topic. To obtain a more comprehensive image, quantitative and qualitative methods are often combined. There may be only one methodology, but the method may be different Research and development has three methodological positions - quantitative, qualitative, and mixed method queries. The first two are contrasting because they are based on fundamental beliefs of epistemology and the third is a combination of the two methods considered unacceptable because there is no principle of epistemology. As Hoy (2010: 1) repeatedly stated, quantitative research is "scientific research including experiments and other systems, emphasis on performance indicators and management and quantification". It also stated that measurements and statistics are essential for quantitative methods as they are links between empirical or experimental observations and mathematical expressions of relationships.

Feminist literary criticism is one of the most concerned about women's role in the context of literature. This includes how to create and understand female characters in any text, in addition to the role of female writers and female readers. This article will focus on some theoretical concepts that contribute to feminist literary discourse. It should compare and contrast the theoretical aspects advocated by the three famous feminist critics and also need to consider the arguments advocated by three female scholars. D. Lawrence's son and lover's psychoanalysis and psychoanalysis and feminist methods of feminist methods are two relatively recent critical reactions to literary texts. Both are insightful and may have problems when applied to D. H. Lawrence's son and lover. - Peter Barry's "Starting Point Theory: Introduction to Literature and Culture Theory" is a book that presents literary and cultural theories in a systematic, simple and coherent way. "Feminist theory of globalization" is a general term that refers to some specific theoretical method used by feminists to describe the challenges globalization brings to women, colored people, and the poor in the world. These different approaches include methods developed by post-colonial feminists, cross-border feminists, and feminists supporting moral care. This section identifies four key features shared by these different feminist globalization methods and outlines some of the unique features in each theoretical direction. Feminism The traditional approach comes from a feminist view on how women are suppressed in a male-led society (or subculture). A newer approach is a more extreme and liberal feminist approach that emphasizes the importance of social science in patriarchal oppression. In short, if researchers explain the role of women victims and ignore their success, ability, and ability, how can they expect women to see themselves in different ways ? By introducing the concept of a genderized street capital we suggest a compromise between these methods. We believe that many women dealers operate in a gender-based economy. The social relationship in the narcotic economy is a power relationship regulating the position of an agent. Past and present positions influence the ability of agents and the resources they can access, thereby affecting the possibility of their behavior (Bourdieu, 1977: 82-3). In the early 1990s, the feminist international relations system became popular. These methods highlight that women's experiences continue to be excluded from international relations studies. Feminists of international relations believe that gender relations are an integral part of international relations and they focus on the role of diplomatic wives and marital relationships that promote sex trade. The early feminist infrared method was part of the "third major debate" between positivists and post-positivists. They are opposed to positivism and national-centricism seen in mainstream international relations. According to J. Ann Tickner, these methods do not explain feminist views on world politics.

Analysis / Considering Continent Segment My friends in the English department let me explain the differences that often talks between analysis and continental philosophy. For some strange reason, they want to link our academic disciplines to their academic disciplines. So I will welcome the opportunity to provide a very general and strict speech on philosophy to the whole university community by this year's general theme of Sculkier. Several philosophers like Richard Rorty and Simon Glenn believe that this "analysis and continent" split is bad for the academic field as a whole. Other people like John Searle claim that the continental philosophy, especially the post-structuralistic continental philosophy, should be removed for reasons that it is ambiguous and ambiguous. Analysis and continental philosophy share a common Western philosophical tradition with Emmanuel Kant. Later on, analytic philosophers and mainland philosophers differed in the importance and influence of later philosophers against their respective traditions. For example, the German idealist school developed in Kant's work in the 1880s and 1790s, and finally became highly appreciated Georg William Friedrich Hegel of many mainland philosophers. On the contrary, Hegel is regarded as a relatively small person who analyzes the work of philosophers. First, we will briefly introduce the difference of continental analysis. The analytical tradition is widely believed to have started with the division between Moore and Russell's idealism of getting rid of British education before 1900. This deviation from Kant and Hegel's lineage was replaced by linguistic and leverage concerns. Logic is a philosophical tool. However, the tradition of analysis is certainly not a homogeneous work body. As part of the analysis tradition, many revolution occurred in the 20th century. One of the revolution was the logical positivism that influenced the 1930s (one of Norris' major concerns in his thesis) and the other was a normal language movement that began in the prewar period. There are many internal differences in the analysis tradition, but they reject commons and methods shared by the majority of Kant and Hegel's traditions.

Knowledge has a preliminary definition that it is a reasonable truth. Due to its dynamic nature, knowledge needs to be reviewed over time and corrected. You may think that we got objective facts from different times, but these facts will be reinterpreted for evidence, findings or technical improvements and will stimulate new knowledge. This raises a range of issues where knowledge is temporary. The emergence of new evidence provides us a good reason to abandon old knowledge. Let's use the term genealogy for combination of knowledge and local memory. This allows you to build historical knowledge about the struggle and use it for today's tactics. This will be a temporary definition of the family tree I tried to compile with you in the past few years. Therefore, you can know that this type of research activity can be called genealogy, you know that there is nothing to do with the conflict between the abstract unity of the theory and the specific diversity of facts. It has nothing to do with the disqualification of that speculative dimension under the name of certain science, and the severity of perfect knowledge. Therefore, through empiricalism, genealogy projects can not be deployed, nor are they going through terms in the ordinary positivism sense. This paper argues that action research finds rationale in a practical position that knowledge is transient and occurs through transactions between agents and the environment. Behavioral studies have found additional methodological grounds in a practical view that knowledge is created in uncertainty situations, requiring consideration and analysis habits, and through an open consensus. However, practical behavioral research is also different: it pay particular attention to consensus and focus on problem solving educational implications through Dewey's work. In this article I will explain the value of the label "practical" and the strengths and weaknesses of a practical approach.

After Mr. H. W. Dickinson announced the presidential speech to the Newcomen Society on October 11, Professor R. G. Albion of Princeton University read a paper on the above topics. Starting with the opening of the Brindley Bridgewater canal, Professor Albion investigated the development of canals, roads, railroads, steamboats, telegraph trains, submarine cables, electric tractors, cars, telephones, aircraft, radio and briefly introduced them. The impact of the "communication revolution" on business, finance, exploration, colonization, government, war, urban development, and individual influences. His paper contains many interesting comparisons of the communication facilities in the 18th century and today. Tourists often take a week to travel from Boston to New York, as college stage coaches sometimes take 14 days to travel from London to Edinburgh, and colonial travel milestones with Philadelphia 1770 It is 2 days service in charge between Philadelphia. The distance is only 90 miles. The first firing of the American Revolution was fired in Lexington on April 19, 1775, and the news did not reach New York 225 miles away until 4 days later. Professor Albion said the United States may have never fought with England in 1812. If there is an Atlantic cable, England announced in Washington that it had suspended orders from the United States Commission on the day before the war. The Rothschild family carefully maintained the services of journalists and messengers for commercial purposes, but the information is neither overflowing nor fresh like today's daily newspaper. Speaking of newspapers, movies and radio as a means of "mass communication", these main hidden dangers are that their huge impact may be abused by their small group. At the same time, the Industrial Revolution began in the UK in the 1760s, invented steam engines and looms, opened the way to factory labor, urbanization, and new transportation. Originally, these advances were unrelated to science, but at the end of the 19th century, engineering and agriculture learned to build activities based on "scientific" bacon science technology and applied science. Even in the 19th century, the idea of ​​enlightenment continued to exist and spread in various ways. Auguste Conto in 1830 and his positivism suggested that humans evolved from theology and metaphysics to science. Positive observations on the law of phenomena can reasonably be applied from science to prediction, from prediction of behavior by the following formula. Positivist social philosophers have influenced the progressive politics of some countries like Mexico Many authors believe that the industrial revolution can be divided into clearly distinguishable parts. For example, the first industrial revolution from 1760 to 1830, followed by the second industrial revolution since 1850 (such as David Landes). The first industrial revolution began with the mechanization of the textile industry, the development of steelmaking technology, and the use of refined coal. Trade 4 The Luddite movement began in 1811 with the name from the early Ned Ludd. The movement was very strong, there was a conflict in the fight against the British army, some of which were sentenced to death. Since then, the term Luddite has been used to describe people who oppose technological advances and technology changes.

About a year ago, I regressed the building of 45 years old. The barrel sparkled under the moonlight, and I wondered at this moment what I did in the slums of Buenos Aires. Two thugs found in my pocket, I robbed all my money, electronic equipment and handed me my jacket as well. After robbery, I called the police and I was told that I could not do anything. In my frustration, I talked to some local people and talked to them. Criminal justice reform has had a major impact on the reason why the late Brandeis judge called the democratic laboratory - nation very well. A few years ago, my hometown Texas found a tendency to worry and immediately faced a tough challenge. To catch up with the explosive prison population, the state realized the need to build more and more prisons - but there is no way to pay. Texas has been tough for criminal acts for a long time but Texas has also decided to become more intrigued with the crime when he faced the hardship of budgetary constraints and speculation of investing more money in prisoners. This begins with accepting a simple reality: most prisoners will eventually be released to society. The social criminal justice system consists of institutions and practices aimed at restraining crime, maintaining social control, and punishing perpetrators to restore them. In the United States, the criminal justice system is designed to provide fair treatment to all criminal defendants. However, weaknesses in the criminal justice system, including racial and socioeconomic bias, can impair this fairness. In some parts of the United States, especially large cities, there is a risk of overwhelming the number of lawsuits in which the criminal justice system is being handled. Among his 2006 memoirs "unforgivable", public defender David Phage explained about the overwhelming criminal justice system of overworking in the Bronx in New York. Since the beginning of the 1700's when people began to change in the criminal justice system and criminal system, criminal study has had a major impact on changes within the criminal justice system. Initially, the new criminal justice system was exclusively based on classicism, and when the crime rate did not change, it was changed to include classicalism, positivism, and subculture theory. Women's rights are not taken into consideration and it is still necessary to change why in women's society today women commit crimes more than ever.

Porfirio Diaz's contribution to the national material boom liberated Mexico from stagnation, and one of the most important elements of this boom is the rapid development of Mexican rail transport facilities. Through Diaz's progress, even his greatest enemy will not deny the rapid success of his movement. When Diaz first took office, there were only two small railway tracks Throughout this development, Mexico expanded over 19,000 miles of railway tracks. From 1884 to 1911, Porphyriodias ruled Mexico as a dictator. He used violence and intimidation to contain all opposition. His rule period was called "Porfiriato". Porfirio Diaz was praised for the establishment of "harasser" and the gangsters were fully armed to enforce the order. Porfirio and his advisor follow the philosophy of positivism which takes care of economic development no matter how much its basic principle costs. This philosophy provides rationalization to Diaz and his followers who believe that social progress can be achieved only if economic stability is achieved. Porfirio Diaz (1830-1915) is probably one of the most controversial politicians in Mexico. As a president of the country for 30 years, Diaz is often remembered as one of the country's most notorious dictators. The sarcastic cynicism of his record lies in his achievement, many of whom are accomplishments. Diaz brought Mexico to the modern era, and the country acquired payment ability during the reign. Porfirio Diaz was born and married to Oaxaca, Mexico. He grew up in Oaxaca, capital of the state. Early in his life was full of economic difficulties and tragedies. His father died when he was 3 years old and made his family poor. Porfirio's mother worked hard to raise eight children but still recognized the importance of education and attended Porfirio at the seminary. José de la Cruz Porfioio Diaz Mori (a 16-year-old militia during the U.S. Mexican war) was the beginning of a military and political service career that would lead him to President Mexico. Diaz was born in poor mixed blood of Oaxaca in 1830 and stayed short-term as a newcomer of clergy before joining the army against Mexican invasion to the United States. He had never seen a battle during the war, but his enthusiasm gave him the attention of the Oaxacans, Benito Juarez, who regarded Diaz as his disciple.

Foucault, on the other hand, asks who has the right to decide how society behaves, how it is organized, and how it is organized by whom. Foucault believes in people with authoritative knowledge, especially people who build power of social order. They want to know how the social order is being created, but Goffman wants to know how individuals are creating social order. Goffman and Foucault both want to understand how the social order is being formed and they are all looking for a larger way to understand it. "The danger of social media" is a point / opposite article. Therefore, the two authors are writing the same topic from the opposite perspective, so that the reader can agree on their view. By comparing and contrasting the way each author presents a reason, emphasizing the evidence, and interpreting the facts, the reader can analyze and evaluate the two arguments before deciding to agree on the author's perspective. Let's consider the paragraph at the beginning of the two arguments. In today's world, social media has become a tool with many uses. In addition to being a way for people all over the world to interact, sites like Facebook and Twitter have become an important way for people to share useful information. By refusing to visit social media before teens, we refused to access a lot of information Identify and apply: Compare and contrast how two or more authors writing the same topic form representations of key information. Comparative contrast between positivism and interpretation of socialism studies - This paper aims to investigate by contrasting the contrast between empiricism and interpretation of socialist research. Use methods such as quantitative and qualitative research, and study the impacts and consequences related to social studies. This includes positive and negative changes between them. Before starting research In the course of learning and research, it is usually necessary to write comparative papers and comparative papers. For example, you need to compare and contrast two historical figures, two political theories, two social trends, and two scientific processes. The classic structure of university comparison and control paper contains a comparison of several objects. The main problem facing students when finishing their homework is to compare and compare. First of all, we need to find out what the comparison and comparison articles are. The purpose of comparing and comparing articles is to identify and compare similarities and differences between two objects. There are various comparative analysis methods. But let's discuss in detail the points to be included in the comparison and comparison articles.

Social science is very complicated, with a focus on anthropology, economics, history, politics, psychology, social psychology, sociology. These major branches also include subdivisions of investigation and other areas including social studies including criminology, demography, education, nursing (Bernard 6). Social science research is divided into empirical (quantitative) methods and interpretation - phenomenological methods (qualitative). In this paper we discuss the social theory that influences qualitative and qualitative research methods in social science, but in principle these theories are separable and even social scientific methods that can not be compatible. It first explains positivism, interpretiveism, and realism, and links these theories to the basis of qualitative and quantitative research methods. Then it shows how they deal with all aspects of qualitative amount division. Finally, the goal is to integrate the combined approach of methodology in a consistent way to increase value and show ways to support the design of a single research project. Stress the weakness by emphasizing the differences and similarities between quantitative and qualitative methods, providing a basis for considering the combination of the two approaches and commenting on each of the traditional complementary advantages 1 It is worth noting that in certain areas such as education and social science, quantitative and qualitative research methods can be used alone or in combination in the implementation of ethnographic research projects. However, the ethnographic journal itself is regarded as a qualitative research method. Records and images during field survey are positive, interpretive and subjective approaches to distinguish ethnographic journals from other methods, especially quantitative methods. Collected data is usually analyzed and interpreted using induction and recursion. Existing literature plays a small role in determining research problems and research direction, but it is important to prepare a written ethnographic report in comparison with what is assumed when promoting research Please be aware that it is. As an academic discipline, cultural analysis includes the use of arts, humanities, social sciences, in particular the use of ethnologically and anthropologically qualitative investigation methods, data collection on cultural phenomena, interpretation of cultural expressions and practices, data and culture By analysis. Process for obtaining new knowledge and understanding. This is particularly useful for understanding and mapping culture trends, impacts, impacts, and impacts. This refers to the extent to which culture adapts to its environment through use and development. Examples of this are food, tools, family, environment, arts and so on. They show how the given culture fits. Furthermore, the purpose of this aspect is to show how a given culture can make the environment more relaxed.

To kill a number of facts, research and opinions on social and political problems is to politically decide which information is relevant and necessary for voting public to gather voters to support candidates It created a difficult task for strategists. . However, these vast numbers of facts and opinions can close voters, drive out many potential supporters, and allow political strategists to participate in people's emotional lives. The role of entering a cultural story - adventure, sacrifice, failure and victory As George Lakoff pointed out, the emotional life is ... "Politics is like this. In Latin America, a free riot occurred in the 18th century when Liberty confusion of Latin America brought independence of Spain and Portugal. The new regime is generally generous in its political doctrine and supports its position by a positivism philosophy emphasizing the truth of modern science. Spanish liberalism and conservatism struggle is reproduced in Latin America. Like its predecessor, the area was a hotbed of war, conflict, and revolutionary activities throughout the 19th century. In Mexico, the liberalists formulated the La Reforma plan in the 1950s and weakened the strength of the military and Catholic church. The conservatives were angry at these steps and caused a rebellion that caused a fatal confrontation. From 1857 to 1861, Mexico caught a bloody reform war, a large internal and ideological confrontation between liberal and conservatives. Liberal rebel leader Juan Alvarez became Mexican interim president. In 1855, when liberalists took over the government and started a period called La Reforma, liberal leaders tried to weaken the power of the church and the army in Mexico's politics and society. In the second half of that year, liberal Ignacio Conflufu, who was seeking more gradual reforms, was replaced by President Alvarez. In 1857, the liberals enacted a new constitution and reestablished the form of the federal government. It regulates individual rights, universal male voting rights, freedom of speech, and other civil liberties. The Constitution also ordered churches and other agencies to abolish special courts for military or clergy and auction land and buildings that are absolutely not necessary.

What is a law and slave identity slave in Dred and Pudd'nhead Wilson? According to many laws of individual slave states of the 19th century, slaves were a kind of wealth, something, something other than human beings. But according to another, 3/5 compromise in 1787, 3/5 worthy slave of white. The southern state's population is Africans, and this compromise allows them to count these slaves as 3/5 of their citizens to obtain more representatives in Congress. In 1894, Mark Twain announced a story called Pudd'nhead Wilson. This is a story about a small town in Mississippi, a slave named Roxy will exchange her baby for her owner's baby. Pudd'nhead is really smart in fact, but when he comments about what others can not understand, they think he is stupid automatically. One of the hobby of Pudd'nhead is to collect fingerprints, and he succeeded in gathering prints throughout the town. Nobody was aware that the baby was replaced, but Pudd'nhead, when he was right, he informed everyone. Twain is realistic because it shows some of the features of realism in his work, for example, human beings are beginning to become blank, their reality is shaped by experience. Focus on specific areas of the county and its customs, social status, dialects and types of humor Scholars mainly focus on research on Pudd 'nhead Wilson' s novel racial and identity information, but Mark Twain wrote a study on scientific value and natural value. Most of the contents of this book are related to the detection of title characters, and in the letters of Pudd'nhead Wilson, readers have found strong criticism about scientific positivism. People's natural abuse has been criticized when using natural landscapes for specific human activities. Likewise, the conclusion of this novel also focuses on the social operation of natural processes with pessimistic conclusions. Pudd'nhead Wilson refuses scientific interpretation of social construction and interference to human and nature experience Prior to the war in Missouri, Twain told his story through the eyes of Pudd 'nhead Wilson. Twain makes Caucasian, more specifically white slaves get bored. This first appeared in the scene where Wilson received his name. The seriousness of property precluded Caucasians from understanding the joke about Wilson's dog. Obviously, Twain notes Wilson 's foolishness, but points out the folly foolishness. Citizens do not know about Wilson 's information, they do not know anything about Roxy' s clever facts.

Two important articles exploring how young people interact with world culture from different perspectives are the UN's "Young People in the Globalized World" (2003) and Arnett's "Psychology of Globalization" It is (2002). In the article, the United Nations uses socio-economic methods to study how young people are involved in world cultures. They insist that the level of participation of young people will vary depending on their financial resources and location. This will give priority to participation in city educated people and strengthen social isolation between wealthy people and the poor. In this article I will explore the dialogue between the local art market and the global art market, which created unique driving force for London 's UK art scene. Our analysis comes from two complementary data sets and visualization. The first is a map of London's leading commercial art gallery from 1850 to 1914, written by Pamela Fletcher and David Israel. The second part contains the sales data of Goupil & Cie's share price book and its successors Boussod, Valadon & Cie, with the help of Seth Erickson, including company transactions at various branches in Paris from 1846 to 1919 It is an analysis. London, The Hague, Berlin, Brussels, New York Introduction The purpose of this paper is to investigate and critically analyze two research papers. Critical analysis will explain the importance of research and evaluate the designs and research methods used in these articles. To identify any gaps, it will provide literature review and the possibility of new research in these studies. Project planning, potential research will develop for potential gaps, and articles will be completed with conclusions. - Introduction In this article I will analyze my OSCE critically. His general practitioner stated that it will raise my consciousness and challenge the overall needs of the assessment service user (John). He also included a care plan that uses that service. Care plan method (CPA). By using this program and the sources of other current literature I hope to show my knowledge and understanding of this skill and identify the field of learning. This research will discuss the critical analysis of the two articles used in my research proposal. Both articles require two different qualitative and quantitative research fields; articles must represent two paradigm hypotheses; the selected articles belong to both quantitative and post quantitative Positivism, qualitative and constructivistic methods and paradigms, each article is analyzed to examine the methodology of critical analysis; use of research questions; theory or other framework; definition, limits and meanings; method And procedures; quality and rigor; location

The scholars believe that personal culture and behavior in this culture is the main factor affecting the ethical work environment of the organization (Victor, Bart and Cullen, 1987). The scholars also believe that decision making is more ethical in organizations involved in moral development (Fritzsche 2000; Sims and Keon 1999). It is no doubt that social responsibility issues will continue to be intensely discussed and emotionally complicated. In 1975, the Wall Street Journal insisted that the incidence exceeded the concept of social responsibility. In the context of various ethical theories, we examine the implicit and explicit moral values ​​in the free enterprise system and the relationship between employer and employee, advertisement, management judgment, and corporate social responsibility For the philosophy to appreciate the special ethical issues faced, the core is only needed when paired with 225. 1 (2) To explain various philosophical problems, use practical lawsuits of law and the work of law scholars and philosophers. Topics include freedom of speech, contract law, enforcement of judgment, responsibility for tort, and protection against various criminal proceedings. Philosophical themes include natural law and legal positivism, and the moral contempt of individual rights. For philosophers, it is necessary only when paired with 225. Pre- or joint requirement: another course of philosophy or law 1) Normative ethics allows individuals to directly see legitimacy and malice by relying on natural law. It is usually related to common law. Based on these assumptions, you can create an algorithm by replacing Kant's saying with Aristotle's virtue. Doing so makes it possible to conceptualize personality traits, then you can use a clear statement to explain the personal qualities associated with a particular moral quality.

JSTOR is part of ITHAKA, a nonprofit organization that supports academic institutions to use digital technology to protect academic records and promote research and education in a sustainable way. The problem between subjectivity in the work of Selm is a problem and it is related to how to break through the phenomenological problem of inner life completely capturing the inner life of consciousness and strange consciousness. According to Celms, Husserl's work "Logische Untersuchungen" is limited in two respects. The work does not test all possible objectivity, but only verifies logical ideals and all possible conscious experiences. Let Celms understand thoughts and perceptions. This paper points out that Selmus of the 1920s proved too little change in life and human culture in his view, in phenomenology of realism. In this article, we will briefly outline the subjective inter-concept concept. Sharing experiences between subjects is a concept that has important power to understand relationships, interactions, and treatments (In this article we use term therapy to refer to psychotherapy and therapeutic child rearing ). Subjectivity is a process that always occurs in all relationships. As I will explain, it may be consistent or inconsistent; synchronizing, not synchronizing, enhancing or deleting. One element of inter-subjectivity is to harmonize or share feelings. Adjustment is a necessary condition for treatment work, but that alone is insufficient. One person can harmonize with others at a high degree, and there is still a discordant relationship filled with tensions and mistakes. For example, you might know that a child is angry because you said that you do not have children to eat cookies before dinner. Subjectivity has three elements. An understanding of inter-subjective subjectivity of Buber as described here means that subjective subjective meaning, subjective subjective meaning, results in individual subjectivity. Therefore, it is now possible to conceptualize mutual subjectivity as a process of co-creation if interrelationships are primitive in that ontology. The existence of a subject depends on the existence of all other subjects in the relationship. In this case, subjectivity takes precedence over subjectivity. In addition, Buber (1958, 1 page) wrote, "I did not accept it, I accepted my subject I-Th and my subject, I-It only." Subject and Subject - "Subject" between Subject. I - It is the main vocabulary of the experiences of the paradigm of positivism and "use", where "I" is far from "purpose". In I-Thou, "inner" in "subjectivity" refers to "interpenetrating" subjectivity, which is the overall interaction.

Sex and occasion: strange bedmate. History is gender, France is gender, art is sex, all biblical ... all except biology is gender, which is clearly gender but not secret, joy, evil , Not all things that are not communion should not be at the same time - I will get it in the boiler room after it is all biological. (Stoppard, 218) I admit it. I am fascinated with sex. After all, this is the reason why we are all here. At first glance, existentialism and demographics make the same bed a different dream. Existentialism is anti-positivism, intuition, and subject. Many existentialists define themselves as opposed to classified objective social science. In a typical existentialist opinion, individuals are completely free: they create themselves; attempting to systematize their experience is not true, it misleads the true explanation. However, demographic studies the embryonic morphology of human existence. It works empirically against the emergency of life which is the center of fundamental, universal, and often important personal significance. There are few adults who avoid making decisions that seem intimate and important for reproductive, family and institutional living, health, physical environment and immigration. These aspects of human life will force people to apply intimate ideas to secular behavior, even if difficult or unnecessary to express. We all know that the political boss has made a strange stranger, but today we are witnessing the most strange entrepreneurs of political history, the small government conservatives and the current Russian president Vladimir Putin I will. It is the same as Rocky and Ivan Drago go out to play. Republicans in Reagan often outline the goal of shrinking the US federal government to a small scale. Many people in the record say that you prefer the government to be very small and insignificant so that they barely know what the government is there. Like the Liberals, this discussion is taken more and publicly supports the full abolition of the Federal Government. I do not think that many Republicans publicly support the abolition of labor unions publicly, but even if you narrow them down to a small scale so that the differences are not too big, there is no big difference.

When humans try to distinguish themselves from other animal kingdoms, the foundation of morality is one of the most important arguments. Perhaps secondly, to infer as a characteristic feature, the ability to show ethical behavior gives a sense of natural natural order inherent to humans. But if we understand that humanity centricism is abandoned and there is no great difference from other animals, our unique moral behavior will lead to explanation. What force most people to act on morals. Traditionally, moral values ​​are the reason for censorship. This concept was derived from ancient Rome, "The government appointed staff to oversee public morals." However, censorship based on ethics is very controversial. Some people believe that the government should not force moral or religious beliefs because their beliefs are "evil, evil or wrong". 11 This is a decision to enjoy certain materials Most believers believe that the morality derived from their religion is superior to other religions and a very general argument that supports religious beliefs is moral behavior without it It is that there is no basis for it. (Please note that this is not a discussion to support the religious truth, but only to support its usefulness.) However, does morality come from religion? More specifically, if we know in a way what God did, and did not want to do, would it be enough to tell us the difference between right and wrong? This is very interesting. One of the most common prejudice against atheism is that it does not provide a basis for morality. It is widely believed that there is no religious belief, no moral doctrine about religious tradition, no need to worry about eternal punishment or desire for eternal reward. People will be completely selfish and considerate. Atheists are often accused of moral relativism. There is no fundamental moral principle, all morals can adapt to the needs of the present time. To try to discover a deductive theory of axioms, to decide the basic principles of moral justification based on a direct moral intuition, or to determine reasonable grounds of logical positivism or existentialism. Moral principles are reduced to social decisions or emotional and other irrational reasons. Since Darwin announced through the theory of natural selection evolution, philosophers and scientists have tried to find reasons for moral behavior in the course of evolution.

Most people have to attend several art classes at school. From elementary to junior high school, this is an essential course for most students. In high school, it is considered art, which means that it is absolutely not necessary, but most students introduce a kind of art course. At university this is not mandatory, but we strongly recommend that most people attend classes. Some universities are also works of art. Usually, only students taking these courses as a unit will introduce artwork. Schopenhauer saw an act of avoiding motivation in his artistic thought. He believes that will can be sublimed through "lost self" in art. However, he believes that he can be released entirely from will only by resigning a small effort on the will by asceticism (such as the East priests or "wise men"). Schopenhauer's pessimism became a popular "trend" in Germany in the 19th century in the last years of Schopenhauer's lifetime and in his post-death years. Nevertheless, the people of those days rejected other common philosophies such as Hegelianism, materialism, new cantanism, and emerging positivism. During the era of upcoming revolution and new discovery of science, the resignation and progress of typical pessimists are seen as adverse effects on social development. When you are alone, the only work that prevents you from creating art is you. All excuses have disappeared. You may lose your job when you are alone. Even if you get lost, you can be confident that you are making something that is truly logical. It will be embarrassing at first. If you are used to going out with other people, you will want to know what you should do when you are alone. Do not try to conceal discomfort. I'll accept it. So, indeed, who decided that you should not do these things by yourself? In the real world, if it exists it is difficult to keep it clean. If you feel lost in a way, losing yourself from art, albums and games is more attractive; when we feel a different world, we are in the world in our mind I will turn my eyes. As the white wolf had its appearance changed in the center, she was traumatized by Sean and the anxiety caused by it was even stronger - it was affected. Only what we can create. There is no meaning, only in the world of imagination I know this is the reason I will contact myself. Through action, I just lose myself to the silence and emptiness around you. That's why people draw mandalas. This is why people meditate. The art of doing things over and over is to achieve freedom like Zen. Let's disassemble ourselves. However, it is no wonder that behaviors like zombies work magically. I want to know if I can challenge 100 hours of solitude. Please imagine that all of these are scaring me with fear. I want to know if this is my self and I am an identity. I do not know this kind of fear, the ubiquitous fear that squeezes me, my body I try to say something I can not figure out in my head.

How to define yourself Is it through land, verbal tradition, or words? If you want to ask Simon Ortiz, a prominent American American writer, he will answer all of the above questions to some extent. While agreeing to Ortiz, Kieu also showed himself through these three factors. "They are all connected in some way," she said. Although the background of the two writers is completely different, one is Native American and the other is Chinese - Vietnamese American, but they have the same feelings about identity. Tradition and language There are hundreds of American Indian countries with their own language and culture. But what they share is a rich oral tradition. In other words, their stories are inherited from generation to generation. A story transmitted through the oral tradition of Native American is a way to record the history, culture and belief of each country. Furthermore, the environment and problems faced by each country will also affect the stories the tribe told. For example, the famous story of the Iroquo tribe, the story of New York today tells us that owls got wisdom and strange appearance by making Everything-Maker angry in the process of creating all animals. Thanks to the integration with Everything - Maker, Owl got his wisdom, but all the price was a beautiful physical function he wanted. Also, since Everything-Maker is angry with an owl, the owl only hides when Everything-Maker is asleep. Oral tradition conveys cultural wisdom and value from one generation to another through verbal stories. Unlike written communication, verbal tradition inevitably involves contact between humans and humans. So it's about definition, community, and execution. Oral tradition is nearly in the early stages of every language system, but still remarkable in the culture of Native American and Chicano. Postmodernism A philosophical and social historical movement that challenges the main story of progressive enlightenment and positivism tradition. At the beginning of the 20th century, linguists and philosophers are wondering whether the language may truly reflect the reality or is there a fundamental, absolute or transcendental claim of truth about the world We raised the question.

There are two main thoughts or methodologies on the subject of epistemology: rationalism and empiricism. These two completely different schools of thought are trying to answer philosophical questions about how to acquire knowledge. Rationalists believe that this process is entirely within our head, but experientists believe that it will be achieved through sensory experience. After reading and understanding each discussion it is clear that empiricism is the most relative descriptive position in epistemology. Empiricalism is an excellent position in discussions of empiricism and rationalism. Renedecart supports rationalism. That is acquiring knowledge by reason. David Hume supports empiricism and knowledge after experience through experience. Both positions have strong debate. Descartes warns that "something is genuine, I do not understand it is such thing." Descartes believes that it is necessary to "assure that rationality is used for everything" in order to obtain true knowledge. Hume, on the other hand, believes that the connection of ideas is our knowledge. He explains this empirical approach, using three principles of relationship between ideas, ie similarity, time or place continuity, causality. Hume believes that we associate these ideas in our mind with the ideas we gained through experience. Essay.com/a Thesis using direct citation of Hume and Descartes to demonstrate positivism against rationalism For a long time philosophers have intensely discussed the classification of philosophical epistemology into two categories: rationalism and empiricism. We believe that empiricism can acquire knowledge only by observing facts or by experimenting, but rationalism gains knowledge through logical reasoning. Rationalism and empiricism are themselves a very viable way of thinking in philosophy, but the arguments of these philosophical schools become more powerful when combined. Then, please argue, rationalism and empiricism, sum. The fact that philosophers can be rationalists or empiricists was traditionally used in the classification system commonly used in the history of philosophy, especially Kant's description in the first half of the 17th to the 17th century It affects the classification system. . Therefore, Descartes, Spinoza, and Leibniz were erroneously regarded as applying rational core epistemology to a common metaphysical agenda, Rock, Berkeley, and Hume erroneously reached a gradual rejection of their metaphysical claims It was regarded, and everyone consciously tried to improve his predecessor's efforts.

Every founder of the sociology of the founders of sociology was a dead white man in Europe. Because some of them tried to explain the changes that occurred at different times and stages when they were alive. That's right. Every founder of the sociology of the founders of sociology was a dead white man in Europe. Because some of them tried to explain the changes that occurred at different times and stages when they were alive. ... - Following the failure of federal conditions embodied in the Shay rebellion of 1787, the young America needed a new Government Reform Government. After intense debate between federalists and anti-Federalists, the Constitution was ratified in 1789, a check-and-balance government was established between the judiciary, legislative and administrative agencies, the federal government Has been assigned. More power to decide that the President will not serve life and to decide the president to vote democratically. Émile Durkheim is considered one of the founders of sociology. Sociology is a systematic study on social and human social behavior. The meaning of the word means the suffix "- academic", "research" derived from Greek, the stem "soci -" comes from the Latin society, that is, "fellow", or the general community. Sociology was first established in 1838 by Auguste Comte (1798-1857). Conte promises to unite history, psychology and economics through descriptive understanding of social realm. He insists that social illness can be solved by sociological positivism. It is an epistemological approach outlined in "Positive Philosophy Curriculum" and "Positivism's Positive Perspective" (1844).

In this course we will examine the relationship between culture and gender, culturally related beliefs, expectation and ideology for the role of gender, gender of various forms, socialization of gender, and relationship between men and women. While explaining gender difference and its reproduction, focused on the power relationship between the two men and women, an important culturally sensitive theory was introduced. M. Ryan, - N. Branscombe (eds.) (2013). Gender and psychological Sage publication of "Sage" manual, London. Chapter 14: Gimond, S. - Chatard, A. - Lorenzi, Cioldi, F: social psychology of intercultural gender. (216-233.), Chapter 15: Deaux, K - Greenwood, RM: Transnational: Transgression and Immigration (234-250), Chapter 16: Kurtis, T. - Adams, G .: Culture Psychology Relationship: Toward Multinational Feminist Psychology (251-269) Margaret Mead (1935) is one of the first anthropologists to study cultural differences by sex. In New Guinea, she discovered three tribes - Arapesh, Mundugumor and Tchambuli - their gender roles are very different. Both men and women are gentle and nourish in Arrapes. Both women and men spend a lot of time with their children and can show you in a loving way what we usually call maternal behavior. However, in Arrakesh, the role by sex is different, in fact, both males and females are consistent with those commonly referred to by female sexual roles by Americans. Gender social construction is the concept of gender and gender work in society in feminism and sociology. According to this view, society and culture create gender roles defined as ideal or appropriate behavior of people of a particular gender. The roots of social constructivism movement in psychology are related to the criticism of objectiveism assumed by the concept of positivism / empirical knowledge (Gergen, 1985). The most common variant of social constructivism is the gender role theory, Alsop, Fitzsimons, and Lennon (2002) believe it is an early social constitutionalism. Concerns about power and hierarchy reveal inspiration from the Marxist framework like Foucault's work on the use of materialistic feminism and discourse

In most of the latter part of the 20th century, at least in the United States, the way of realism dominated International Relations (IR). Scholars and diplomats such as Hans Morgenthau and Henry Kissinger led the US foreign policy to the provincial realist "highway". Major road signs on this highway include anarchic state, national security, sovereignty, power politics and so on. However, in the 1960s realism was attacked due to lack of scientific vitality. The post colonial international relations science research advocates an important theoretical method (IR) of international relations and is a non-mainstream field of academic research on international relations. Post colonialism is related to the continued existence of colonial power and the continued presence of racism in world politics. Evolutionary viewpoints like evolutionary psychology are thought to help explain the many features of international relations. Humans in their ancestral environment do not live in the state and rarely interact with groups outside the region. However, various evolutionary psychological mechanisms, in particular the mechanisms dealing with interactions between groups, are thought to affect current international relations. These include social interaction, cheating fraud and fraud, struggle of status, leadership, differences and prejudices between domestic and foreign groups, and evolutionary mechanisms of alliances and violence. In the early 1990s, the feminist international relations system became popular. These methods highlight that women's experiences continue to be excluded from international relations studies. Feminists of international relations believe that gender relations are an integral part of international relations and they focus on the role of diplomatic wives and marital relationships that promote sex trade. The early feminist infrared method was part of the "third major debate" between positivists and post-positivists. They are opposed to positivism and national-centricism seen in mainstream international relations. According to J. Ann Tickner, these methods do not explain feminist views on world politics.

The ethnographic magazine of the performance brought many complex problems to ethnomusicologists. Ethnologist Michelle Kisliuk argued that 'attention to ethnography is clearly important for the performance of ethnography' (1997, p. 41) when investigating problems of field research and expression. Kislik outlined three mutually dependent issues. I would like to consider two of them here. Her first question is about the concept and location of the "field" used in field work, the second part is about the language used for describing ethnographic magazines. This discussion led to consideration of the rhetorical device of the text of his country. It also indicates the need for a more ethnographic approach to contemplation and dialogue, requiring authors to elaborate on their assumptions, opinions and positions. Furthermore, it is necessary to consult the "subject" of ethnographic journalism so that ethnographic criticism of ethnographic magazine's epistemological proposition does not mean that it should be worthy or abandoned. There is no fundamental epistemological difference between ethnographic magazine studies and multilevel novels. For both, the aim is not to create a world picture of "the world", but to create empathy and expand the range of human solidarity (Rorty, 1989). Therefore, ethnographic journalism has personal, poetic, and political reasons, not epistemological reasons. From the perspective of positivism, I can not agree with an ethnologist's epistemology theory to a certain extent. First of all, two of them, ethnographic journalists and positivists, have stated several findings to obtain information. However, the information gained by information ethnographers is quite different from what the positivists are trying to achieve in their research. As mentioned earlier, ethnography uses the observation and participation methods to understand the culture and behavior of social groups. Taking the experience of Burawoy (1979) as an example, he is an ethnographic journalist who enters a factory worker society to obtain information about why workers are not working hard. Burawoy's research philosophy is to see the world through the eyes of the workers in which he works and to understand their emotions and emotions. Silverman (1998) also pointed out that "all qualitative social studies do not have an agreed doctrine." In this course, I will explain the outline of ethnographic research to students. We will study all parts of the ethnographic journal process, from conceptual work on project development and design to practical problems surrounding ethnographic research. This course is for graduate students at all stages of ethnographic research. Students can not obtain units of ANTH 287 and COGR 285 and ETHN 287. Using a major theoretical approach, discussion and national research framework, a critical analysis, topic or research subject on how existing scholarship in the field of national research gives information on specific research questions A consistent theoretical framework has been established to effectively summarize, synthesize and evaluate specific subjects of related ethnographic literature.

I can not see, I can not hear, inanimate or traditional quality shared by women. Society has already included women in accessories, so literature followed it. In this ideology, many basic features are attributed to women. Arthur Miller's Crucible uses these traditional female features to help praise male characters in women's role-playing. Looking at something from another angle may bring a whole new meaning. Learning a novel from another lens seems like you are reading a work different from the author's expectation. This figure does not tell us anything. You can make assumptions based on how you think about various things in the world. From a feminist perspective, it is gender discrimination and it must be 50/50 to be classified as equal. Looking at it from a classic liberal point of view, people are to make their own personal choices and to study why women are less likely to pursue politics than men. There is no obvious answer. The course does not give answers to questions asked in the guide (at least at the time of this writing). its big. It should not be because they are multiple possible answers, but if all of this depends on the teacher taught by the teacher, it is likely to get a unilateral view. When they just expressed different opinions, they were told they were wrong. Feminist empiricism is best accomplished by quantifying that "objectivity" is quantified most, regardless of whether it is observed from a feminist perspective or a feminist ideal. Historically the division between quantitative data and qualitative data has strengthened the sexual dichotomy of "hard / soft, emotional / rational, value / worthless". Feminist experientists may overestimate the degree of their objectivity as many people claim that "objective truth" is a mistaken concept. In addition, positivism and quantitative research have been criticized as essentially an "independent" philosophical framework against its research objective. Many feminist theories focus on crime, especially women. However, more and more literature deals with the feminist's sacrifice theory and investigates victims from a feminist perspective. In this research we are trying to better understand how sex affects the risk of damage, the type of damage, and other important factors. The main component of all feminist theories is that gender is socially constructed. But even if it is a "simple" social construct, it will have a very real and obvious impact on our society. Feminist theory historically pointed out the differences in privilege between men and women in society, but current feminist theory often includes other social aspects such as race, class, and gender. All of these social aspects show the privileges and marginalization of the American society (and many other Western countries) and affect individual damage.

As a student, how to write articles close to the paper, you almost certainly need to write a paper with the course. Some will be written during the semester, will contribute to the evaluation of the course work, and others will be answers to questions set up in official exams. Articles are usually defined as consecutive articles of at least 500 words to about 5,000 words in length for special articles or extended articles. However, this brochure can help not only to "write" articles, but also to learn about the stages to consider when writing a paper, and how to write your own thesis. Please investigate the reason why some sociologists choose not to use questionnaires when conducting research. The questionnaire is a series of printed or written questions, including a series of answers designed for survey or nationwide survey. As it achieves the main purpose of positivism, which is reliability and "macro" (large) scale performance, the problem is primarily preferenceist's preference. Most sociologists do not like to use questionnaires when conducting research. these About the author Susanna Davidson writes over 50 books for children. She grew up in the village of Surrey and was surrounded by various animals, but she had no effect on her knowledge. She currently lives in London, not about living with animals but about animals. She obviously does not have blond hair. Blonde girls and three bears • Teacher notes Before you read, you can ask your students whether they are naughty at home. If you do not want to talk about yourself, please tell me what your friends and brothers can do. Whether their parents alert them is, "Do not do, otherwise bad things will happen" may be. You can explain with a couple of examples, such as "Do not leave without a coat, catch a cold" or "I will get worse if I do not clean my teeth". Victor Frankenstein has time to taste the screenwright, Max Landis (director of John Landis), which seems to be the most recent "creative person" in Hollywood. Despite the fact that most of the movies he wrote has been made, they already have problems (American Ultra, Me Him Her, Mr. Right). Young Landis craved and needed real enthusiasm before people decided that writing a chronicle is just a fake. On the contrary, Landis has plenty of cool ideas and is not afraid to sell to those who listen to it, but most does not extend to a really wonderful script. That superior Doe deserves praise by one of the most famous poets Is that your Magnificke Lord a tool of your admiration, but since you are far away from that, write your name to this basic Poeme I can not. Therefore, your worth will not decline, but when my muse, his servant only flags you can not learn to fly with bigger wings, they will admire the Fairy Queen Then it will become more famous by remembering your Heroicke parts like people: further guarantee your noble attitude and further need for these first labor

Important reception history of crack - up "... It 's very interesting to enter the hotel, very respectful staff I do not know that I am tens of thousands of dollars in debt as well as thousands, In the world, cash is less than 40 cents And it could be a bank loss of 13 dollars. "This article on Scott Fitzgerald's note about his time at Hendersonville, North Carolina - my own linen and canned meat Washing class and food (Cody) 's life is a good summary of his condition when he started writing. Cracked "prose. The important acceptance history of Oedipus Rex began with Aristotle (384 BC to 322 BC) and opened up a history of literary formalism and structural analysis of poetry. Critically explain the two important foundations of the company. In a sense, it can be regarded as rarely being the first book of literary criticism, its significance for subsequent research of works in the form of popular entertainment, and festivals over performances being funded by the state I will. Accepting aesthetics is important for literary theory and criticism. As Joss stated, "acceptance aesthetics" opens the idea of ​​updating the history of literature by giving the task of re-understanding the literary history of the process of communication among the three, exhausting it, making him immersed in positivism . , Author, text, and reader. "(Jauss, 1989: 117). According to accepted aesthetics, literary translation is a process of dual communication between text and readers, writers and readers.The end result of communication is that the reader is a writer and his writings In order to satisfy the readers, in fact, the "vision of expectation" is not only limited by the literary form but also by the previous reading experience of the reader. The reception history platform that receives the history can be of two types. The first type of history uses events as results or effects as a starting point for analysis. On the other hand, the second type starts with the surviving society and its past problems. It is related to cultural phenomena such as memories, memorials and myths. These two reception histories are difficult to analyze from the analysis point of view, but the following will briefly explain how the Nazi and the history of Communist terrorism will be explained and expressed in later periods . War society To some extent, this discussion attempts to establish a link to the introduction page of this article and summarizes current observations of relevance. Klas-Göran Karlsson and Michael Schoenhals Review of studies on crimes against humanity under the Communist administration

For a long time philosophers have intensely discussed the classification of philosophical epistemology into two categories: rationalism and empiricism. We believe that empiricism can acquire knowledge only by observing facts or by experimenting, but rationalism gains knowledge through logical reasoning. Rationalism and empiricism are themselves a very viable way of thinking in philosophy, but the arguments of these philosophical schools become more powerful when combined. Empiricalism is an excellent position in discussions of empiricism and rationalism. Renedecart supports rationalism. That is acquiring knowledge by reason. David Hume supports empiricism and knowledge after experience through experience. Both positions have strong debate. Descartes warns that "something is genuine, I do not understand it is such thing." Descartes believes that it is necessary to "assure that rationality is used for everything" in order to obtain true knowledge. Hume, on the other hand, believes that the connection of ideas is our knowledge. He explains this empirical approach, using three principles of relationship between ideas, ie similarity, time or place continuity, causality. Hume believes that we associate these ideas in our mind with the ideas we gained through experience. Essay.com/a Thesis using direct citation of Hume and Descartes to demonstrate positivism against rationalism Rationalism is often contrasted with empiricism. In fact, these views are not mutually exclusive. For example, the philosophy of science is rational and empirical. But knowledge is basically based on experience if you think that the end of the experience comes from experience through five external senses or through inner feelings like pain and happiness. Similarly, some plausible versions argue that starting from the basic principle like geometric axioms, all possible global knowledge can be deduced derived. The philosophers who discussed this point are Spinoza and Leibniz, and efforts to solve epistemological and metaphysical problems raised by Descartes brought about the development of a subjective approach to rationality. Spinoza and Leibnitz believe that, in principle, at least all knowledge including scientific knowledge can be obtained only by rationality.

Henrik Ibsen once said, "Women can not become societies in today's society, it is a completely male-like society, that law consists of men and justice, judging women's behavior from a male perspective," I mentioned. It is worth noting that Ibsen's remarks reflect the lives of ancient women. In many organized ancient civilizations it is common to find the main patriarchal civilization among government and society. These factors may be attributed to various reasons, mainly mainly in the Neolithic revolution and new dependence on human resources. From early history and ancient human civilization, women have played a secondary role, and women have been thought and considered as men, and are not considered. The role of women in society is to increase the obligation surrounding children and their families. After industrialization, women must also survive and make efforts to be able to buy basic essentials. Today's women compete with men in every field whether they are professional doctors or lawyers. As we have seen, the roles of women have changed and family values ​​and holistic concepts have also changed. As women go out to work, they have more and more children, which brought the rise of nuclear families. The pace of life is getting faster and faster, and people are increasingly aware of different media like television and radio. This will bring rebellious brothers and sisters, this feeling is better than his parents and elders, their opposition and ignorance against him. essay.com/Industrial Sociology: What is the impact of the research industry on the status of family and women? Are these effects desirable or undesirable? Industrial sociology: to study the impact of industry on the situation of family and women? Are these effects desirable or undesirable? The role of women in ancient Greek society is different from today. The role of women seems to have undergone fundamental changes from ancient classical times to a more familiar classical era. There are many sources of research for classical periods. Classical Greeks are writers, poets, artists and even historians. The previous classical Greeks were more difficult to learn, as we had to rely on verbal traditions of archeology and myths. Equally important is the development of Greek letters around 800 BC. This development wrote down the mysterious verbal tradition. The attitude towards ancient Greek women is complex and diverse, and Semonides was writing poetic tradition - positivism - usually involving violent attacks. His view certainly does not represent the attitudes of all ancient Greeks, but they focus on the position of police women in the sex hierarchy and their socially accepted roles as "good wives" It reflects a larger system of matching. I connected. During the next few thousand years, the attack patterns did not change very much. "Bad" wife is a fixed idea as still busy people, jealousy, gold miners, trophy's wife and harp. After a women's magazine article, while men are included in one list of female "types", but she wants a happy marriage, he still encourages his wife to avoid this behavior.

Emmanuel Kant 's critical critical philosophy is Kant' s first achievement, which has made him one of the greatest thinkers of contemporary philosophy and one of the most influential writers of contemporary philosophy. However, it is important to understand what Kant calls "criticism" or "criticism". In a general sense, this term refers to the general development of reasoning through the scientific safety route (Bxxx). More specifically, its use is not negative, it is affirmative, and it is expressed in the expression that it is necessary to deny knowledge to make room for faith (Bxxx). Frankfurt scholars theorists clearly link with Inmanuel Kant's critical philosophy. Here, the term "criticism" philosophically reflects the direct relationship between the limits of certain intellectual assertions and the emphasis on such criticism and moral autonomy. Rather than the traditional static theory of certainty and human behavior. Under the background of dogmaticism positivism and science, and dogmatism 'scientific socialism', critical theorists try to restore Marx's thought through philosophical criticism. Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) Emmanuel Kant is an influential German philosopher, whose "pure rational critique" ties the reasons and experiences into philosophical thought. Discussions between rationalists and empiricists have left. Kant's philosophy affects future German idealists and philosophers such as Shelling and Schopenhauer. John Locke (1632-1704) Locke is a leading philosopher and political theorist who has had a great influence on generous political thought. He is believed to have several ideas like a social contract - you need to get the idea that the government is agreed by rulers. Locke also claims liberty, religious tolerance, and life and property rights. Locke is an influential figure like Jefferson, Madison, and Voltaire for those involved in the American and French revolution. Emmanuel Kant - German philosopher Emmanuel Kant (1724-1804) is considered one of the founder of Western philosophy. In 1781, Kant wrote "a rational critique" that supports the idea of ​​scientific logic and rational thought methods, which makes logical thinking better than doctrine and other authoritative opinions. Bertrand Russell - British philosopher, mathematician, and Bantrand Russell (1872-1970, Episcopal Russell, 3rd) to support the scientific method of Kant believe that knowledge is "a belief consistent with facts" It was. He insists that it is not enough to believe that there is no evidence and instead should check whether there are correct and agreed supporting facts and who agrees (1926).

I'm 23 years old. Until now, my whole life was a big challenge for me. It is my greatest achievement to fight under various conditions and reach this place. I was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis when I was 3 years old. It continues to increase until the day, and my movements have been restricted. Sometimes even breathing without pain is a challenge for me. The only thing I learned was breakthrough. Furthermore, I have to strengthen my thought everyday so that I can confront the challenge. With oxygen, I inhale positivism. I will always challenge my limits and conquer At the end of the day, everything is about how you pursue your life. I have only two choices - whether it hits it or whether it makes me strike What is the main outcome of your life? What is the biggest adversity you have encountered in your life? How did you overcome them or what did you learn from them? How will they affect your life? What kind of story do you want to pass? Does our family have a family tradition from their grandparents? We are reading the experiences of migration of other people to new countries and adaptation to new and unfamiliar cultures. Now is the time to understand your family history. Your mission is to make immigrant posters for your ancestors. The poster should include the following section. "Everyone faces the challenges of life, this is how you learn to overcome them and use them for your strength." Celestine Chua. "When you face difficult times, you know that you do not object to destroying you, they will be sent to promote, increase and strengthen you." We Please strengthen, "Fu Furen. Remember, "When things get easier, they do not grow up, when you face a challenge, you grow." We will survive and we will be better. "Lolidechene. "Challenge is the reason why life is fun, overcoming them makes life meaningful." Joshua J. Marine If you look at the height, you will get great stuff. To do this, you can no longer handle victims as an environment. Blaming the world, your parents, school, or the challenges you face in life can not solve your problem. This will make you feel confused and feel pain. I never do such a big decision, never parenting, marrying, praying, fasting, not meditation or diary. When you are in a clear state, you can follow your own intuition and always make the right decision. As Malcom Gladwell explains in "Blink", quick decisions are often more accurate than well thought out decisions.

When a person's life is good, she will be happy. Being healthy, happy, having friends is a sign of happiness. And if you lose your job or get seriously ill, others will be worried about your happiness. People who work dangerously like soldiers and police often find themselves endangering their happiness. The word of happiness is also a particularly important philosophical term in various moral philosophies. Happiness is often understood to be beneficial to someone or something. There are two types of related happiness. The first one is short-term happiness. This is someone's happiness at any moment. How good is their life for them when people are treated as a whole. Additional opinion views on lifelong happiness believe that lifelong happiness depends entirely on the total amount of instantaneous happiness produced in life (Fletcher, 2016). According to positivism, life's happiness is only the sum of all the moments of happiness. Despite all the other factors, the two kinds of life with the same moment 's happiness will have the same lifelong welfare, regardless of all other factors. As time goes by, how the instantaneous happiness is consolidated, and the order not affecting the health of life under activityism, this is the point of the following discussion. What is addictive about lifetime happiness? Explain and evaluate David Wellman's argument against it Here I argue that the narrative structure of life does not influence happiness at the present moment, it is not another determinant of lifelong happiness as assumed by Wellman. I think that the life of briskness is not essentially better than the life of trend - down, I think that the narrative structure of life does not have intrinsic value. The two examples help not to directly contribute to lifelong happiness but to explain how the shape of life affects immediate happiness. What is addictive about lifetime happiness? Explain and evaluate David Wellman's argument against it

The scholars believe that personal culture and behavior in this culture is the main factor affecting the ethical work environment of the organization (Victor, Bart and Cullen, 1987). The scholars also believe that decision making is more ethical in organizations involved in moral development (Fritzsche 2000; Sims and Keon 1999). It is no doubt that social responsibility issues will continue to be intensely discussed and emotionally complicated. In 1975, the Wall Street Journal insisted that the incidence exceeded the concept of social responsibility. In the context of various ethical theories, we examine the implicit and explicit moral values ​​in the free enterprise system and the relationship between employer and employee, advertisement, management judgment, and corporate social responsibility For the philosophy to appreciate the special ethical issues faced, the core is only needed when paired with 225. 1 (2) To explain various philosophical problems, use practical lawsuits of law and the work of law scholars and philosophers. Topics include freedom of speech, contract law, enforcement of judgment, responsibility for tort, and protection against various criminal proceedings. Philosophical themes include natural law and legal positivism, and the moral contempt of individual rights. For philosophers, it is necessary only when paired with 225. Pre- or joint requirement: another course of philosophy or law 1) Normative ethics allows individuals to directly see legitimacy and malice by relying on natural law. It is usually related to common law. Based on these assumptions, you can create an algorithm by replacing Kant's saying with Aristotle's virtue. Doing so makes it possible to conceptualize personality traits, then you can use a clear statement to explain the personal qualities associated with a particular moral quality.

Introduction Through analysis of Hagenmas' research, the following argument is intended to provide an understanding of his argument about the theory of crisis tendency. Jorgen states that the concept of traditional Marxist crisis trends is outdated and no longer relevant in capitalist society (Heath, J, 2011). Jürgen Habermas has studied obstacles to the development of contemporary Western society. I believe that he is caused by the tension of the crisis. In this paper, I analyzed the problem of legitimacy faced by contemporary countries, using concepts derived from his research. (1) The dominant position of modern science in modern bureaucratic organizations and cultures, emphasizing that experimental experimentation is the basis of all effective knowledge and hence positivism. This led to a long-term legalization crisis in academic philosophy: How do Plato, Descartes, Hume and Nietzsche win the support of natural scientists? (2) This is in parallel with philosophical bureaucracy in large academic institutions, which can be either private funds, American, or public funds such as Canada. In both cases, universities and universities are being forced to study and teach things from an economic point of view. This is a paper by JF Lyotard on the present situation of postmoderns in the university, and more and more research will be expected as "performance". The crisis of humanity - the crisis of legalization, the crisis of public reasons - has become a crisis of the whole higher education now in the 20th decade of the 2000s and faces the structural crisis of the national fund . For public universities, the outlook is dark: the National Fund is depleted and there is no prospect of replenishment. California tuition fee increased by 32% in 2009. In 2010, SUNY-Albany closed French, Italian, Russian, classical and drama courses. And it gained the attention of the new world order from the coast to the coast. However, each state hides a deeper problem. These funds are not enough to complete the task from the beginning, but we miss when leaving these funds - and that quarter will not try Keynesianism again. Trump elections caused a primary legalization crisis, and most Americans opposed to him had two reliable political assembly points: the Sanders movement and former president and his small circle. Our hopes and energy should be invested in the first one, but it is foolish to underestimate the second one. Mr. Obama did not succeed because Hillary fell to hell. As the only world class politician who left for the United States, he will become stronger, especially because his presidential election has become nostalgic. (Most people forget to forget that they banished 2.5 million immigrants while forgiving Wall Street, starting with the 2010 Democratic defeat, with the president's signature.

Behaviorism is a global view, and it is assumed that learners are inherently passive and respond to environmental stimuli. Learners begin with a clean state (whiteboard) and act through positive or negative enhancement [2]. Both positive and negative reinforcement enhance the likelihood that the first action will occur again. Conversely, punishment (plus and minus) will reduce the possibility of preemptive actions occurring again. Positive indicates application of stimulus, negative indicates retention of stimulus. Therefore, learning is defined as a change in learner 's behavior. Many (early) behavior studies have been done using animals (such as Pavlov's dogs) and are also extended to humans [3]. Behaviorism precedes the cognitive world view. It rejects structuralism and is an extension of logical positivism Radical Behaviorism developed by BF Skinner describes a specific school that appeared during the rule of behaviorism. It is very different from other behavioral schools, and it has major differences in accepting mediation structures and emotional effects. Behaviorism of exercising behaviorism; it is considered extreme as it extends the principle of behavior to the processes of the organism; contrary to methodological behaviorism; not mechanical or restorative; virtual (psychological Internal) state At least for the person performing the action, it is not considered to be the cause of the behavior, the phenomenon must be observable. Willard Van Orman Quine uses many extreme behavior ideas for his knowledge and language study. Biology (biological decision) explains human and human life from a strict biological point of view and is closely related to genetic determinism of Buddhism Buddhist religion and philosophy is the teaching of Buddha, Siddhartha Gautama It is based on. The basic doctrine of Buddhism is related to the nature of suffering and dissatisfaction (dukkha) and avoidance by ethical principles (eight ways) Morality refers to the principles that guide action, and morality refers to the norm or standard of behavior. Although the term moral or moral is often used interchangeably with moral or moral terms, the concept of moral rights and obligations can be distinguished from the concept of moral rights and obligations. Morality is defined as morality and refers to an essential value system (human moral structure) expressed externally through moral behavior. As moral principles contain intangible moral values, they can not be enforced by law and are not the law itself. On the other hand, legal rights and obligations refer to rules that may be enforced under the threat of punishment or punishment, such as fines, imprisonment, or both. Professional Ethics and Ethical Behavior In order to understand the meanings of ethical ethics and ethical behavior and factors that affect ethical behavior, it is necessary to understand the meaning of some key words. Morality is a philosophical term derived from Greek "ethos", which means letters and customs. This can be defined as a code of moral principles that sets bad, good, bad, or correct criteria for your actions. Vocational ethics can be defined as business ethical behavior.

Time and rules have changed the country in many ways; especially in the 1850s and 1920s, the liberalists ruled themselves firmly in Latin America. Liberalism can be defined as the dominant political philosophy influenced by nearly all Latin American countries. A sense of traditional progress, rationality of faith, and free market for government control. Every country is different, but all liberals are pursuing similar policies. They emphasize legal equality, progress, free trade, anti-slavery, and the abolition of power from the church for all citizens. South Asia and Latin America are completely different regions, but they are all governed under the Mercantilism system. Latin America was dominated by Mercantilism in the Middle Ages and South Asia under Victorian mercantilism. The result after independence is dramatic. South Asia is guided by law, everyone is equal before the law, and foreign countries encourage a strong investment in the industry to enable them to build and maintain democracy. By contrast, Latin America resources are depleted, indigenous people are exploited, and little is invested in the economy. This led to elite warlords fighting power and continued exploitation of the population. I have little interest in Latin American economic reform and educational reform. It is only power that Latin America can achieve, and this concept seems to be continuing in today's Latin American society. In Latin America, a free riot occurred in the 18th century when Liberty confusion of Latin America brought independence of Spain and Portugal. This new regime is generally generous in its political doctrine and supports its position by a positivism philosophy emphasizing the truth of modern science. Spanish liberalism and conservatism struggle is reproduced in Latin America. Like its predecessor, the area was a hotbed of war, conflict, and revolutionary activities throughout the 19th century. In Mexico, the liberalists formulated the La Reforma plan in the 1950s and weakened the strength of the military and Catholic church. The conservatives were angry at these steps and caused a rebellion that caused a fatal confrontation. From 1857 to 1861, Mexico caught a bloody reform war, a large internal and ideological confrontation between liberal and conservatives.

Reality and meaning of social construction under the underground People and society 's identity is interdependent, as Escher' s "hand - painting" creates and creates each other. According to the model described in the sacred canopy, Peter Berg believes that humans have externalized or created social reality. This sociological model creates a useful framework for Fyodor Dostoevsky's "underground memo" to understand the ultimate reality by the narrator or rejection of the truth. The reality of social structure is defined as the creation of social interaction between individuals and groups, the reality people think and understand. This means that we shape our perception of reality around our own environment. How we are promoted and asked to believe is how we perceive ourselves, how we perceive others, for example, "Beer saves the world Method "tries to convince you that beer has not only changed the world throughout the historical process but also saved it and offered persuasive discussion. The Salem Witch trial is another example of social construction, as society creates their own beliefs, that is, demon's wealth and explains the strange event that happens with it. In short, our perception of reality is dyed according to our beliefs and backgrounds. There is a social reality of prisoners of war, and the way to build it has three different positions. Realism claims to have an external reality that exists irrespective of people's beliefs and their understanding and materialism believes that the real world exists but only the material properties of the world can become reality, idealism You can understand through the meaning of human thought and social construction. Qualitative researchers have different ontological positions, but the laws governing it are not static, as the social world is widely believed to be governed by normative expectations and common understanding. It means that the meaning is a social structure in which individuals interact with their world. In fact, the world is not a fixed, single, agreed or measurable phenomenon, but it is considered to be a quantitative study of positivism. On the contrary, various structures and interpretations of reality are constantly changing and changing over time. Qualitative researchers are interested in understanding the interpretation of these descriptions at specific time points and specific contexts. Learning how individuals experience and interact with their social world, the meaning is considered an explanatory qualitative approach. (4) This qualitative interview survey uses this interpretation method. The focus is Fill the gap: Understand the skills and writing skills of college students entering college Laura Ashley Sceniak lsceniak@utk.edu

Rent from the world's largest e-book store and save it. Read notes on the Web, tablet and on the phone and highlight it and take notes Professor Williams uses the story in a traditional framework, which is used for legal commentary and is used to complement traditional legal analysis - Professor Williams' Race and Rights Alchemy ", 143 represents" a pure story "One such example. Legal analysis is not supplemented. When it comes to the notorious story that has been called Benetton Story, the university has to decide whether the story is really a valid scholarship. And how should it be evaluated, assuming it is a legal scholarship? These are some difficult questions raised in the use of stories in legal scholarships. Critical Race Theory (CRT) originally appeared as an anti-legal scholarship for free legal discourse of positivism and civil rights. This academic tradition is against the slow pace of ethnic reform in the United States. Critical racism begins with the idea that racial discrimination is normal in American society. We also use storytelling to get out of the mainstream legal scholarship. It criticizes liberalism and believes that white people are always the primary beneficiaries of civil rights law. Because school education in the United States aims to nurture citizens, CRT will examine how citizenship and ethnicity interact. The role of critical racial theory in understanding educational inequality is still in its early stages. It is necessary to criticize some of the most valuable legal victories and educational reform movement in the civil rights era like multiculturalism. Criticize racism theory. Critical racial theory is studying racial justice and "racial consciousness" in the social environment (Babbie, 2007). During the civil rights movement, this concern for race became serious in the mid-1970s. Civil rights activists use this view to change domestic and state laws that give ethnic power to ethnic minorities. Exchange theory exchanging theory was established by social scientist George Homans to test human behavior through decision cost and benefit. It approaches social relationships from a basic psychological starting point, based on how individuals perceive things, how they infer and how to draw conclusions "(Babbie, 1995)

Harriet Martineau We believe that gender discrimination has already been dealt with, but there are still many things to learn. The courageous behavior of Harriet Martino is an important turning point in discriminating women. Harriet was born in 1802 as the daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth Martino. She grew up with her family and she did not receive education to encourage her. Instead, she was trained like a housewife like all the other ladies in her life. But this did not stop her efforts to pursue her dream. She risked exile from family, friends, and society as a whole, but Harriet continued to study the role of women in the social aspect of life. A particularly sharp comment by Harriet Martineau. She talked about meeting women in Canada and she showed how to smuggle butter and eggs from her neighbor to Buffalo. Harriet MARTINEAU, Western Travel Review, Vol. (London: Saunders and Otles, 1 838), I: 142.521. 854-66 "Mutual Treaty" establishes free trade of all raw materials between Canada and the United States. Food is included in this category. For the influence of reciprocity, please refer to Robert E. ANKLI's "Reciprocal Treaty of 1854", Canadian Journal of Economics, IV, I (1971): 1-20, L. OFFICER and L. SMITH. "Canada - the United States Mutual Treaty 1 855-1866", Journal of Economic History, 28, 4 (1968): 598 - 623 Eliot and her circle, including her sister George Henry Lewis (Goethe biographer) and abolitionist and social theorist Harriet Martino, were influenced by Martino's Auguste Comte. The influence of positivism is great. Comte is an atheistic barrier based on the principle of human being - counterfeiting a secular human religion (worship the dead as most people who have died so far), completed holidays and ceremonies - An expression to consider and a Catholicism of a tattered. British followers like Continental Eliot and Martino refused mainly the overall haze of his system, but they liked the concept of human religion. A strict view of the contest against the universe, a ban on his "living for others" (including the term "live for others", "altruism"), and with the Victorian novelist George Elliot and Matthew The work of the poet provides information. Thomas Hardy from Arnold

My personal philosophy has many philosophies and beliefs that can be recognized and discussed in this world. Some consist of several evidences and some are supported by direct evidence. Some people do not agree, others agree. I firmly believe that there is no right or wrong belief or philosophy as long as there is a reason for you to say what you said. You believe what you want. The three themes I share in my faith are reality, society, and destiny. What is the main school of philosophy? Idealism can be divided into three categories: classical, religious, and contemporary. Classical idealism, Greek philosophy of Socrates and Plato seek absolute truth. Religious idealism tries to harmonize God with humanity. Contemporary idealism derived from Descartes' thought connects perception and existence. Realism is a school of thinking established by Aristotle, and he believes that the material world is separate from the concept of human beings. Modern realism has brought the concept of "whiteboard" of human ability. Practicalism thinks that you should choose the best results from ideas, actions and results, learn from past experiences and achieve desirable results. John Dewey's experimentalism is introducing scientific methods of induction reasoning into the field of education. In philosophy, idealism is a series of metaphysical philosophies claiming that reality or reality recognizable to humans is fundamentally mentally or spiritually constructed or not important. In epistemology, idealism casts doubts about the possibility of knowing anything irrelevant to the mind. Contrary to materialism, idealism considers the superiority of consciousness to be the origin and prerequisite of material phenomena. According to this view, consciousness exists before the existence of substance and is a prerequisite for the existence of substances. Consciousness creates and decides matter rather than opposite. Idealism thinks that consciousness and thought are the origin of the material world and aims to explain the existing world based on these principles. In philosophy, Lenin claims materialism and subjectivity as a third-party philosophy, or asserts dualismism of naturalism and supernaturalism, arguing by interpreting positivism or mechanical materialism as idealism and metaphysics . Denial of dialectical materialism. He adhered to the position of scientific materialism and pointed out that the opposite unity is the most basic material dialectic of three contradictory laws (opposite unity, denial of denial and change in quantity) .

In the book "Frederick Douglas's Life Narrative", American slaves have developed many topics related to slavery. These fully developed themes include corruption, atrocities and knowledge. Perhaps the most important topic is knowledge and power in all. Frederick Douglas gained knowledge throughout his life and violated the law of slavery. One of the most striking things in Frederick Douglas's life may be except the first few months of engagement with his husband. After carefully analyzing the data collected from semistructured interviews, five topics came from all three participant groups. These topics are as follows. Understanding of UD, UD knowledge acquisition method, and home design, collaboration, and cost are regarded as important functions. After explaining the topics below, we will explain the meaning of these topics in the macro design and how the OT fits into the UD process. All knowledge gained in the community of participants can be gained through self-study efforts or face-to-face communication with friends and experts working in the design field. There is no report that we received information on UD through formal educational process Topic analysis is one of the most common forms of analysis in qualitative research. It highlights the exact placement, confirmation and recording of patterns (or "themes") in the data. A topic is a pattern of an entire data set that is important to describe the phenomenon and is related to a specific research question. Topic analysis is best considered as a generic term for various methods, not a single method. Different versions of topic analysis are based on different philosophical and conceptual assumptions and differ in procedure. Researchers use subject analysis as a tool to gain insights and knowledge from the data collected. This approach allows researchers to better understand the groups and situations they are studying. By extracting the data using the subject analysis, researchers have identified a broad model that allows more detailed research and analysis to be carried out. It is very inductive: the subject comes from the collected data and never is imposed or pre-determined by the researcher. Using their findings, researchers can apply statistical analysis to validate topics. Actually, the subject analysis may include basic theory, positivism, explanationism, and phenomenology, depending on the background of the research.

John Rock John Rock interprets the state of nature as an equality state that anyone can move freely without having power to anyone else. However, he pointed out that this freedom does not mean abusing other people's permission, but also natural laws even in the natural state. Everyone in the state of nature has the power to enforce the universal law of nature. The analysis of Locke's natural state is correct; Locke's theory contains many assumptions. Indeed, as it is not the background of interpretation of secularists, I have suspicions about rock. On the contrary, I think of Lock-shaped Hobbes, Kant, Hume, Bentham, Mill, and a resultisticism distorting contemporary reasoning - a lack of intentional mastery, practical reasons and will, and a way for human freedom to work . And the prosperity of mankind. These drawbacks can be attributed primarily to the metaphysics of locks that locate people's identity in consciousness. As to the concept of Locke's will, Locke pointed out that "the will of truth only represents power or ability to choose or choose." Given these views as a lack of self-control over freedom, these are powerful combinations. Dualism, autonomy, even positivism Hobbes, Rock John Rock and Thomas Hobbes are famous political theorists of other eras. Hobbes who was born 40 years before the birth of rock has a totally different view from rock and both will do more research through this article. Many theories were different in the 16th century, but the theory of Hobbes and Rock became closer. Because the rise of the state and the decline of the feudal system caused problems of authority. - Why John Rock was the best philosopher ever in history John Rock was a British philosopher and doctor who lived between 29 August 1632 and 28 October 1704. He is one of the most outstanding enlightenment thinkers, and he explains many ideas that will affect humanity. Live in society today. He emphasizes human freedom and limits the authority of the government, so he is widely known as the father of classical liberalism (18).

Psychology is both science and occupation that is dedicated to understanding people's thinking, emotions, behavior, and learning methods. As science, psychology is a study of human thought and its broad functions and influences. Psychological research promotes understanding of human emotions, personality, intelligence, memory, perception, recognition, attention, and motivation, as well as biological processes that promote these human functions and behaviors. Essentially, psychology studies individuals and groups to better understand how people, communities, and societies function and how they help to prosper. Psychology aims not only to study human thinking and behavior but also to practice this knowledge, help people, communities, and society as a whole solve everyday problems and improve the quality of life . Therefore, psychology was also aimed at supporting people and communities to find ways to solve real problems such as mental health and happiness improvement, learning, performance, human relations, social cohesion It is a profession. This paper presents and answers three different questions: What is multicultural psychology? What is psychology? Is not multicultural psychology compatible with (experience / positivism) psychology? A brief overview of the history of science, emphasizing the liberating impulses behind modernism, empiricism, positivistic scientific methods. Some people think that this method is not inconsistent with multicultural psychology. The authors conclude that multicultural psychology is strengthened if psychologists use qualitative and quantitative methods in investigating psychological and social problems, including those from positivistic traditions. Under the context of people's interactions with different cultural backgrounds, a systematic study of human behavior defines multicultural psychology. Many people believe that multicultural psychology is the fourth power of psychology research. Communication, exchanges, research, and investigations of human behavior provide insight into how societal diverse cultures interact and how they live in different ethnic groups. There are many problems in multicultural psychology. The two issues discussed in this article, cultural identity and baby boomer generation, explain some of the impacts on multicultural psychology. Multicultural psychology is one of the latest and most dynamic fields of psychology and is recognized as an important part in understanding the role of culture in psychological research. Over the past three decades, research on cultural (ethnic and ethnic) ethnic minority issues in the field of psychology has evolved into an important and dynamic subprof in the context of American psychology. Multiculturalism can be traced back to the civil rights movement that began in the United States in 1964. Because it ignited a new idea that it was initially inferior (Hall, 2009). Ethnic minorities require equal treatment, especially at housing, education, and employment opportunities

The philosopher philosopher of the world is often considered hopelessly helpless in the "real world", the theoretical counterpart of the beach on the physical world of less than 90 pounds. There is nothing worse than this. As mentioned above, Alexander the Great learned in Aristotle and then continued to conquer the world (well, the Greeks know the world). It is a coincident. Perhaps, however, the extent to which other ancient characters are influenced by philosophy is far less blurred. As one of the most obvious examples, since Socrates is committed to the social criticism and the lifetime of an open debate, he is judged and executed by the Athenian official who feels threatened by his influence . That thread continues today. Writers and philosophers have different kinds of stories to interpret the world. Poets and novelists use characters to explain the world. Philosophers project frames and structures. Sometimes they will meet with the same person, and we will get a writer, philosopher like Henry James or Albert Camas. Other writers are making novels focusing on philosophical studies. Hemingway is very concerned about the role of observation in human behavior and expressions. Dostoevsky's work focuses on the influence of positivism and materialism philosophy on the human spirit. Like the coronation ceremony, Tolstoy sought a way to impose meaning in a world where his character had no meaning. Most of the European literature of the 19th century was written corresponding to Kant. Albert Camus, a famous French philosopher and existentialist of the 20th century, discussed the struggle between the meaning sought by humans and the lack of a global essential meaning known as "absurd" . The coronation acknowledges the anxiety after the desire for meaningless meaning in the universe, but if it is truly known to be ridiculous, it will be free if confronted. He said, "Returning to consciousness and escape from everyday sleep is the first step of absurd freedom." Here he says he will become more aware of the surroundings if he notices absurdity Opening your eyes and your situation (living in a world without inner meaning), you can create meaning in the face of absurd reality by "rebelling" this situation. The importance of philosophers Philosophers are known for expressing their ideas, which makes life for many people around the world fun. Philosophers are often called philosophers who seek the hidden meaning of hidden but ultimately use a systematic view to develop the agenda. Philosophers recognize the vulnerability of the people they live, still provide their ideas, and share them with the rest of the world.

Intuitionists are novels written by Corsen Whitehead and describe many aspects of society by imitating detective stories. Because elevator inspectors do not have the detective 's talent, ideas are countless writers' views of society, just covers. This book was published only in 1999 and is full of trivial clues that lead people into a substantial metaphor. These include race discrimination, politics, social status and so on. This novel is an allegorical sea of ​​young people, and its depth is waiting to be explored. Along with its moral epistemology, the distinguishing feature of intuitionistic thinking is its non naturalistic realism. Intuitionists believe that moral judgment is a cognitive state and at least some judgment is true. When what is mentioned has moral attributes given by judgment, they are real. The tendency for intuitionists to pay attention is good and correct moral attributes. They maintain these attributes, simple and unnatural attributes. It is not always clear how they understand the concept of unnatural property (see below for details), but moral attributes are completely defined by psychological, sociological or biological attributes I will deny it. Some inturessists allow goodwill to be defined with correctness (Sidgwick and Ewing), or allow correctness (initial Moore) in terms of correctness. 66 Intuition is connection of prover in mathematics. Carnap is not an intuitionist. Naturally, through at least the syntax of language logic (Carnap 1937a), he argues that arguments between intuitionism and classical mathematics will contribute to the purpose of mathematical reasoning rather than problems. This is correct. See 68 Friedman 1987, Friedman 1991, Uebel 1996 a year, Uebel 1996 b year, Seibt 1997, Richardson 1990, and Richardson 1998. The final expression of "positivism" and "origin of language relativism" highlighted by Friedman et al. Is "tolerance principle". See Creath 1982 for a discussion that Carnap believes that Aufbau's self-psychological structure can not be completed. 69 Richardson 1990, p.159. 10 years Major research fields of Hyde since graduate school were always the nature and mechanism of moral judgment. In the 1990's, he developed a model of social intuition. And argued that the moral decisions were based on predominantly automated processes - moral intuition rather than conscious reasoning. People rely mainly on reasoning to find evidence to support their first intuition. Haidt's main paper on social instinct model "Emotional Dogs and their Rational Tail" has been quoted more than 6,000 times.

Ancient Greek women In the ancient Greek society, women had a difficult life as the male patriarch established the community. Women are considered property. Until a girl's teenager she was "owned" by her father or lived with her family. After the girl got married, her husband and all her belongings were owned by her. An ancient Greek teenage girl marries a 30-year-old man I have never seen before. Many men think that women are not people but children, born for men and do housework. Traditionally, ancient Greek studies have focused on Greek political, military and cultural achievements. Unfortunately, our message on women in ancient Greece is biased because it comes from various sources such as drama, philosophy movies, vase paintings, sculptures by men. From these sources, we can conclude that the Greek society is highly stratified from the perspective of class, race, and sex. Separation of the character of men and women in ancient Greece is proved by philosophical argument against men's natural advantage. As we understand, slave women are in a disadvantageous position in Greek society not only because of their gender but also because they are in a weak position in the social stratum. Ancient Greek sculptures are characterized by numerous nude women. However, this does not mean that Greek men disregard women. Women of ancient Greece were drawn with respect. If nudity is considered as an indicator of gender or sex taste, it is necessary for ancient Greek sculptors to recognize that men are used as sexual subjects, not females. Most of the sculptors in ancient Greece were men, and the role of women was to motivate men. Men use women as genuine women, images in real life, and sculpture models to show its strengths and weaknesses The attitude towards ancient Greek women is complex and diverse, and Semonides was writing poetic tradition - positivism - usually involving violent attacks. His view certainly does not represent the attitudes of all ancient Greeks, but they focus on the position of police women in the sex hierarchy and their socially accepted roles as "good wives" It reflects a larger system of matching. I connected. During the next few thousand years, the attack patterns did not change very much. "Bad" wife is a fixed idea as still busy people, jealousy, gold miners, trophy's wife and harp. After a women's magazine article, while men are included in one list of female "types", but she wants a happy marriage, he still encourages his wife to avoid this behavior.

Professor Williams uses a story in a traditional framework, which is used for legal commentary and is used to complement traditional legal analysis. For example. Legal analysis is not supplemented. When it comes to the notorious story that has been called Benetton Story, the university has to decide whether the story is really a valid scholarship. And how should it be evaluated, assuming it is a legal scholarship? These are some difficult questions raised in the use of stories in legal scholarships. Critical Race Theory (CRT) originally appeared as an anti-legal scholarship for free legal discourse of positivism and civil rights. This academic tradition is against the slow pace of ethnic reform in the United States. Critical racism begins with the idea that racial discrimination is normal in American society. We also use storytelling to get out of the mainstream legal scholarship. It criticizes liberalism and believes that white people are always the primary beneficiaries of civil rights law. Because school education in the United States aims to nurture citizens, CRT will examine how citizenship and ethnicity interact. The role of critical racial theory in understanding educational inequality is still in its early stages. It is necessary to criticize some of the most valuable legal victories and educational reform movement in the civil rights era like multiculturalism. Criticize racism theory. Critical racial theory is studying racial justice and "racial consciousness" in the social environment (Babbie, 2007). During the civil rights movement, this concern for race became serious in the mid-1970s. Civil rights activists use this view to change domestic and state laws that give ethnic power to ethnic minorities. Exchange theory exchanging theory was founded by social scientist George Homans to test human behavior through decision cost and benefit. It approaches social relationships from a basic psychological starting point, based on how individuals perceive things, how they infer and how to draw conclusions "(Babbie, 1995)

Introduction Carl Marx and Emile Durkheim are co-founder of the field of sociology. Each will develop academic disciplines in their respective fields and contribute to the achievement of social science curriculum. Durkheim is a person who produces social facts and sociological theories and has produced functionalism, division of labor, education and social solidarity, methodology, positivism and sociology, primitive classification, religion and suicide. Durkhiem believes that social facts should be seen as the same things and events as the natural world. School violence can occur in all academic disciplines. This term includes verbal or physical quarrels and there is a possibility of murder. In the case of school violence in the early 20th century from 1990 to the present, there is a record showing that school violence has increased. Results vary from school violence incidents, there is no clear reason. Some communities unite and unite in the suffering of school violence, but other communities feel anger and frustration Most learners have a clear understanding of the form of school violence that is widespread at school. The explanation of violence at their school is consistent with the explanation about violence at the school of Crawage (2005). In other words, school violence can be physical or emotional. According to the survey, the most common form of bullying is bullying, most school learners are confirming this. According to the survey, older boys are perpetrators of this type of school violence. The above results are consistent with the literature (Prinsloo, 2008; Smit, 2007) Violence at school is one of the most visible forms of violence against children. Violence at school takes a variety of forms from physical violence to psychological violence. It is usually expressed through bullying, intimidation, repression. Violence in schools causes anxiety and fear that infringes on the right to learn in a safe and dangerous environment, impairing the general atmosphere of the school. Schools can not fulfill the role of learning and socialization if the children are not in an environment free of violence.

Arthur Schopenhauer's "Will and Performance" has many artistic features. Schopenhauer pays complicated and meticulous attention to the extensive influence of art on humans, which is indispensable to our daily lives. However, his view does not exist in vacuum. It is an integral part of the overall theory of his human nature and existence itself, so that it can be perfectly understood at least by some reference to other ideas. In this article I will explain the art philosophy of Schopenhauer, emphasizing the relevant aspect of his other related theory, such as the natural aesthetic value. In 1865, Nietzsche thoroughly studied Arthur Schopen Howell's work. He brought the awakening of philosophical interested in reading the "global will and representation" of Schopenhauer, then Schopenhauer has admitted that it is one of the few thinkers that he was respected. I meditate on ancient times with him. In 1866 he read Friedrich Albert Lange 's "History of Materialism". Anti-materialism of the philosophy of Kant, Europe the rise of materialism, growing interest in Europe for science, Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, and the Lange description of the general rebellion of tradition and authority, increasing the interest in Nietzsche I stimulated it. Nietzsche is to discuss the final for the impossibility of evolutionary interpretation of human aesthetic consciousness, cultural environment is spread out his vision he is beyond the linguistics, to encourage it to continue his philosophical research . The world of will and expression is the core work of Arthur Schopenhauer. Schopenhauer sees human intent as a window to the world behind our representatives; Kant himself. Therefore, he believes that it is possible to obtain the knowledge about us is things itself, and since Kant can be understood by the analogy between the relationship between the remaining is human will of the relationship between the representation and the things not Is possible. It is a human body. However, the two definitions presented in the 1920s show the range of opinions available. "The world is everything," Ludwig Wittgenstein wrote in his influential "logical philosophy" first published in 1921. Regardless of how individuals interpret them, the definition of this world will serve as a basis for logical positivism as a whole of facts.

Einstein initially believed that the satire-like quantum state of "distant ghost action" was scientifically confirmed by the Atomic Optics Group of Alan Aspect of Charles Fabry, Institute of Research in Paris (1) . That is, two quantum particles, photons, or atom photons can be coupled or intertwined in a special way at a speed faster than the speed of light and can be made into two parts of substantially the same entity I will. Then you can separate them according to your taste, and one change is immediately reflected in the other. (2) Huge and indivisible integrity of unified theory of the physical world, or space activity at the atomic level, suggesting public relations "Realistic philosophy is the existence of reality that is completely independent from thought.In this sense realism is opposite to idealism and there is only the theory of thought and its contents Realism is like positivism A division of epistemology that uses scientific approaches to develop knowledge. "The idea of ​​research comes from the business background of the author, and from the customer's perceptions of Nokia's mobile phone, It is aimed at deepening knowledge about life cycle and innovation process. In order to produce research, it is important to establish research hypotheses. According to Porte (2010), in order to concentrate on research and to read, researchers must be able to satisfy research questions and assumptions. As a researcher, we have the following assumptions. Evidence from the theory of psychological theory and theoretical theory is that researchers are conducting psychological research on autistic patients. They argue that the psychological theory module of autistic children is compromised, making it impossible to interpret people based on mental state, spiritual blindness (Leslie, 1987; Baron-Cohen et al., 1985 ). However, as we have previously established, this may be due to the fact that autistic patients do not have the same mental function as regular people and therefore may be independent of modules. It is novelty to manipulate information about the people involved. Psychologists call the theory of mind the ability to attribute various mental states to others. If we begin to develop our theory of mind, we can use information obtained from others very quickly. This is not a unique human ability, but our language and brain capability allows us to gain greater benefits than any other species on the planet. One indicator of mind theory is the ability to deceive. Animals have always done this. In some cases, fraud is actually tied to the biology of biology through evolution. Even in insects and plants, you can find examples of false signals aiming to convey their toxic information to potential predators, but in reality it is not. But with regard to taking an initial letter, human beings can reach the level of complexity, not to mention that it can be imagined even by other species.

Gender inequalities and inequalities are experienced by lack of education and unfair treatment of women and children, so in many cases women are forced to manage their families and men are unreliable in various seasonal entry jobs I will leave. . As defined in classical articles, income inequality is "to represent the distribution of gross income of the population" (Gehring 13). Summary of the study; the evidence concludes that poor gender relations may actually be involved in other issues such as overpopulation, child malnutrition, low gross domestic product, gross national income, etc. can do. To promote progress, the purpose of this paper is to explore the concept of gender inequality deeper and eliminate existing theoretical explanation of how gender inequality is related to civil war. Empirical evidence of the system, ie positivism, civil war academic research. First, we disassemble the notion of gender inequality and its various aspects conceptually and through various indicators captured in previous studies on gender inequality and armed conflict. Next, as explained in this study, we will outline some explanations on how gender inequality is related to civil war. Finally, we discuss some of the central potential pathways for future research and the challenges they pose. Why is gender inequality related to domestic armed conflict? The analysis found in the previous study is centered around two explanations. Why does gender inequality increase the risk of armed conflict within the state or whether gender equality will help dispute resolution without violence? Interestingly, these two explanations are not only on the front and back of the same coin. In theory, serious inequality affects the danger of violence, the active presence of advanced gender equality can be unrelated to peace, and vice versa. In both areas there is a sub theme related to norms and social abilities related to various aspects of gender inequality. Or is it a gender inequality that affects the danger of violence in conflict? Gender inequality refers to prejudice based on gender, unfair treatment, or individual perception. Gender inequality is one of the main problems facing human society. Our society gives men and women different roles. In India, women are abused in various societies, but this is a difficult reality. In our society, women are considered to be inferior to men. - Reflection 2 Cultural creed uses gender and expectation to shape gender to classify men and women as showing superiority. For example, women are better because they are better physically than women. This indicates that men have high authority. This leads the men to use their authority for men to decide how to describe women.

Although the history of materialism and idealism tells us that there is little Titus Lucretius Carus, he can understand from his work that he has a strong aversion to religious superstition. . He does not deny the existence of God, but his work is aimed to prove that the world is not guided or dominated by divinity. Lucretius claims that the material exists in the form of atoms moving around the universe in an empty space. Look at sometimes violent philosophical arguments in mainstream such as positivism, realism, becoming, eternalism and time, materialism and idealism. And you can think about the opposite, even for a great thinker. How difficult is complementarity between them? . The history of thought is influenced by the order of wrong choice. As Carl G. Jung discovered in his major work on human minds, most, if not all, of these controversies ultimately come from differences between personality types, introverted thinkers and extroverted thinkers . Conceptual and perceptual culture and history as a whole seems to be the result of a constant update of long-term bias selection The history of Western philosophy is mainly the two characteristics of reality, the struggle between idealism and materialism. Either one dominates part of this history, but idealism also applies to Greece in the 5th and 4th centuries BC. In medieval Europe, and in the history of India, as a mechanical materialism in the West and the West in the West and the West today in front of Rome and today in Rome, materialist idealism is a historical fact for some people this might be surprised The West does not seem to have a continuous linear tendency of idealism and materialism, but there is a repetitive movement between the two.

Positivism is an ideology that originally explained the belief that it supports all fields of early science and can achieve complete objective truth. Today 's natural scientists generally believe that the truth can appear until it is forged through systematic research, which suggests a positivistic approach that includes objective reality. But as time and progress progressed, social scientists accepted probabilistic ideology. If the topic contains many anomalies or emergencies, the appropriate action is to narrow the scope of the interpretation and fit exactly with the probability of work (Duus-O). In ancient philosophy, there is no difference between science and humanity. Only with the development of mathematical proofs there will be gradual differences in perception between science and humanities or liberal arts. Therefore, Aristotle studied planetary motion and poetry in the same way; Plato's hybrid geometry proved his argument for the state of internal knowledge. In the 17th century, revolution occurred in science, especially in the field of physics of Isaac Newton. Newton clearly distinguished the natural world, arguing that the natural world is an independent reality managed by its own law, also claimed the human or spiritual world as well. According to Kuhn, science is a community activity that can only be made as a part of the community by nature. For him, the fundamental difference between science and other fields is how the community works. Other, especially Feyerabend and some post - modern thinkers, insist that there is not enough difference between science and social practice in other areas to maintain this distinction. For them, social factors play an important and direct role in scientific methods, but they can not be used to distinguish science from other disciplines. Therefore, although science is built socially, it does not necessarily mean a fundamental concept rather than reality itself itself being a social construct.

After Mr. H. W. Dickinson announced the presidential speech to the Newcomen Society on October 11, Professor R. G. Albion of Princeton University read a paper on the above topics. Starting with the opening of the Brindley Bridgewater canal, Professor Albion investigated the development of canals, roads, railroads, steamboats, telegraph trains, submarine cables, electric tractors, cars, telephones, aircraft, radio and briefly introduced them. The impact of the "communication revolution" on business, finance, exploration, colonization, government, war, urban development, and individual influences. His paper contains many interesting comparisons of the communication facilities in the 18th century and today. Tourists often take a week to travel from Boston to New York, as college stage coaches sometimes take 14 days to travel from London to Edinburgh, and colonial travel milestones with Philadelphia 1770 It is 2 days service in charge between Philadelphia. The distance is only 90 miles. The first firing of the American Revolution was fired in Lexington on April 19, 1775, and the news did not reach New York 225 miles away until 4 days later. Professor Albion said the United States may have never fought with England in 1812. If there is an Atlantic cable, England announced in Washington that it had suspended orders from the United States Commission on the day before the war. The Rothschild family carefully maintained the services of journalists and messengers for commercial purposes, but the information is neither overflowing nor fresh like today's daily newspaper. Speaking of newspapers, movies and radio as a means of "mass communication", these main hidden dangers are that their huge impact may be abused by their small group. At the same time, the Industrial Revolution began in the UK in the 1760s, invented steam engines and looms, opened the way to factory labor, urbanization, and new transportation. Originally, these advances were unrelated to science, but at the end of the 19th century, engineering and agriculture learned to build activities based on "scientific" bacon science technology and applied science. Even in the 19th century, the idea of ​​enlightenment continued to exist and spread in various ways. Auguste Conto in 1830 and his positivism suggested that humans evolved from theology and metaphysics to science. Positive observations on the law of phenomena can reasonably be applied from science to prediction, from prediction of behavior by the following formula. Positivist social philosophers have influenced the progressive politics of some countries like Mexico Many authors believe that the industrial revolution can be divided into clearly distinguishable parts. For example, the first industrial revolution from 1760 to 1830, followed by the second industrial revolution since 1850 (such as David Landes). The first industrial revolution began with the mechanization of the textile industry, the development of iron-making technology, and the use of refined coal. Trade 4 The Luddite movement began in 1811 with the name from the early Ned Ludd. The movement was very strong, there was a conflict in the fight against the British army, some of which were sentenced to death. Since then, the term Luddite has been used to describe people who oppose technological advances and technology changes.

Because of the symbolic, each director will be Joyce's body, viewers frightened after each commercial that lost the Vampire Killer Buffet with Touch Vampire Killer Buffy Drama "Body", viewers are obliged to face Real Madrid I will. Joyce's body to remind the audience of the importance of human conditions, as we pulled up her body bag, then confirmed by the funeral division and finally covered with a piece of paper. Exposed to the audience By Joyce Body, creator of Buffy, etc., by the audience's Vampire Slayer members. Because of the symbolic, each director will be Joyce's body, viewers frightened after each commercial that lost the Vampire Killer Buffet with Touch Vampire Killer Buffy Drama "Body", viewers are obliged to face Real Madrid I will. Joyce's body to remind the audience of the importance of human conditions, as we pulled up her body bag, then confirmed by the funeral division and finally covered with a piece of paper. - The importance of what gender vampire killer buffet in sex. The answer is not that simple. (Anger and Crawford, 1995) "A biological culture created from" raw materials "of sex." There is also a difference between gender identity and the role of men and women, the difference seems to be more difficult to distinguish between these two words "gender" and "gender" There is a tendency to explain as a symbol of feminist criticism buffy killer buffy women empowerment. In this article, I think that the role and drama of Gwyneth Bode is a problem, and criticized the feminist for the modified play. In considering Buffy Vers as a patriarchal fairy tale, in an effort to overthrow feminism rather than promote it, women are depicted as a fixed idea to eliminate femininity, so that women can only act as functional (fantasy) symbols To: Blue Sox (Willow, Jenny Calendar), quite foolish cheerleader (harmony with Cordelia), Wizard (Willow, Tara), Hysteria (Dru), Crazy (Glory). Buffy restricted the ability to define a vampire killer, and it soon came up with a proponent of feminist book positivism Vampire killer Buffy premiered on March 10, 1997. That program became a powerful country of the World Bank (later that program was broadcast on UPN). Buffy (Sarah Michelle Gellar) is a young women's society that relies on the exclusion of "murderers", vampires, devils and other terrible creatures. Buffy's gang, also known as 'Scooby Gang', includes Willow (played by Allison Hannigan), Zander (played by Nicolas Blendon), Giles (played by Anthony Stewart Head). Buffy, Willow, Xander are high school friends and Giles are Buffy's observers - those who help and train "murderers". Through the series, the gang treats evils that can not be imagined as "adults" and treats human emotions and problems very much.

1 T.S. According to Kuhn, the paradigm is defined as follows: generally accepted scientific achievements For a while, scholars were offered models of problems and solutions (Kuhn 1968, p. 12). 2 Positivism, explanationism, criticism, postmodernism Studies of autobiographical stories also exist in the critical paradigm; however, I will not discuss this problem. I will practice. 4 Research model based on phenomenological reduction is based on interpretation This loop is in the next task. Wyka (1993), Badaczasso, ecznywobecdo> wiadczenia, p. 58 and Phenomenology w, badaniach pedagogicznych and M. Nowak-Dziemianowicz (2006), Do Å> wiadczenia rodzinne w 5 One of the novels that must be read at the Soviet school tells the story of Pavel Collan - "hero" He sacrificed his family for communism and eventually was killed. The narrator is understood as personally telling his biography, also called personal talk. Identity is not in your own behavior or external recognition. Identity is in ability Event D. Klus-StaÅ "ska says reality is not reflected in the personal mind - that is The text includes: Sidonie Smith and Julia Watson, Reading Autobiography, Paul de Man, "Autobiography of De-Facement", Jacque Derrida, "The Law of Law", Hayden White, "Abnormal Types" , Kenneth Mostern, Autobiography and Black Identity Politics, Frederic Douglas, Frederick Douglas' Life Story, Harriet Jacobs, Slave Girl Life Event, Malcolm X, Malcolm X Autobiography, Angela David Si, Autobiography. In this course, I will introduce the "important practice" of literary research. Ironically, the word "practice" means at least two actions. On the one hand "practice" is to prepare for some kind of "official" performance (for example, basketball practice took place before the game, what is "game"? Especially focused autobiography is sometimes called "intensive autobiography". I chose to focus on my ecological identity, but I can choose many other aspects of my life. Some people write spiritual autobiography as a tool to understand and strengthen their spiritual development. Teachers or students ready to become teachers can write educational autobiography to help them decide career development priorities and goals. Architects write local autobiography sometimes to gain inspiration for ways to connect their work to the local spirit. Participation in parents, volunteers and specific sports is also the focus of autobiography. When I wrote my autobiography, I found this to be true. I did not write a general autobiography covering various aspects of life but instead focused on my relationship with nature - or may call it an ecological identity. A few years ago, I completed my ecological autobiography and let others participate in the process. The result is very beneficial. Especially focused autobiography is sometimes called "intensive autobiography". I chose to focus on my ecological identity, but I can choose many other aspects of my life. Some people write spiritual autobiography as a tool to understand and strengthen their spiritual development. A teacher or student preparing to become a teacher can write an autobiographical autobiography that will help you identify your career development priorities and goals.

It is always useful to see this person and his sociological theory to understand his position. The reason is that the influence of the historical period and its maturity is also very important for studying sociologists' perspectives and relevance. Even so, Herbert Spencer was born in 1820 at the peak of the British Industrial Revolution. He is not a healthy, healthy young man He saw the loss of brothers and sisters when he was young. Herbert Spencer was the first sociologist in the UK Derby. Herbert defined "sociology as research on social evolution and believed that the ultimate goal of social evolution is perfect harmony and happiness" (Evolutionary theory, 2004 p. 434). After the publication's origins, Spencer accepted Charles Darwin's natural selection theory. Spencer is a powerful supporter of social Darwinism and is considered to be a subfield of Darwin's human social assumption. Spencer has created the term survival of the fittest to describe contests between individuals and groups. He believes that wealth and power are indicative of essential adaptation and that poverty is considered a low level of evidence (Evolution, 2004, p. 434). British naturalist Charles Darwin revolutionized biology through his evolution process and natural selection process. Herbert Spencer is the main philosopher of biological and social evolution. The research of Spencer in the 19th century had a great influence on the development of biology, psychology, sociology and anthropology. Although Darwin influences the field of natural history and geology, his evolution theory has caused a big controversy. He changed the way people think about the role of man in nature. Anthropological human interests have developed with broad interest in genetics and eugenics. Scholars such as Herbert Spencer (1873) who influenced positivism used the theory of evolution as a means of understanding the differences between different societies. To some extent, Spencer seems to be influenced by the theory of progress advocated by Hegel even in Christian theology. For him, evolutionary logic has led to eugenics. Spencer believes that evolution is accompanied by a progressive phase of increasing complexity - from advanced forms to advanced human development, and to the conclusion of natural equilibrium. In order to achieve this perfect human, humans need to improve themselves through selective breeding. The most comprehensive social evolution theory was developed by Herbert Spencer, which, unlike Conte, has combined social evolution with biological evolution. Spencer believes that organisms and human society follow the same general evolutionary laws of nature. The development of society is large in scale, they become more complex, they are partially distinguished, focus on different functions and therefore become more interdependent

A conscious opinion on Hamlet from Fromm is "Understanding of internal and external stimuli, unconsciously includes thoughts, memories, and desires far below the surface of consciousness, but still a great influence on behavior "The view of Core Freud focuses on the relationship between Hamlet and his mother and the relationship between Hamlet and King Claudius. According to Freud, Hamlet is moved by unconscious sexual desire and deterioration. In this article I will explain some literary criticisms of Shakespeare's 'Hamlet'. After viewing several articles, I published four peer-reviewed journal articles. Each has a different critical viewpoint on the theater. Feminist, psychoanalysis / Floyd school, moralist and new historian. My previous work on Hamlet and my rereading of this semester drama gave me some general knowledge about the text. - Freud's psychoanalysis is dead. Several assassins, originally killed in the form of Caesar, attacked the theory in their attacks. Simone de Beauvoir was one of the assassins who initially fought against positivism, existentialism, feminism. But it certainly is not the one who started the blow. As Caesar's influence is, Freud's psychoanalytic resurgence will echo today. This article attempts to find a way that humanity records by Freud's psychoanalysis can better understand the family relationship of Shakespeare's "Hamlet" and "Titans Andronicus". Hamlet and Andronics' Shakespeare and Freud Theory In 1900, a famous Austrian psychologist Sigmund Freud created an epoch - making work called "Dream Interpretation". It includes the concept that dreams allow a spiritual quest of the soul, that is, the dream involves a psychological meaning that can be obtained in the following way. explain Through William Shakespeare's 'Hamlet', Shakespeare painted 'Hamlet' as the same behavior and frustration as Sigmund Freud saw very late. When analyzing the relationship between Hamlet and his mother, Freud's Edps complex theory appeared. The Oedipus complex is a theory created by Freud, "Children consider parents, especially one of them as an object of erotic desire" (51) for the desire to live with their parents. Heterosity forms a competition with parents of same sex. Hamlet showed great hostility against his uncle Claudius because during his play his mother remarried. Hamlet thinks that mothers' remarriage is disliked ... See more

Fight club is a movie based on the novel of the same name by Chuck Palafu Nouk. This film was released by David Fincher's director Jim Urs and was released on October 15, 1999. This movie is about the insomnia of a narrator, insomnia who was a recall coordinator of an automobile company in the past. The narrator was refused to take medicine by the doctor, turned to a series of support groups for various diseases and used these support groups for emotional release. Freud's psychoanalysis is dead. Several assassins, originally killed in the form of Caesar, attacked the theory in their attacks. Simone de Beauvoir was one of the assassins who initially fought against positivism, existentialism, feminism. But it certainly is not the one who started the blow. Like Caesar's influence, Freud's psychoanalytic resurgence reverberated until today. The influence of Freud 's psychoanalysis can be seen through the Western society, even the assassin' s existential and even feminist descendants. This research paper explores the basic idea related to psychoanalysis in the context of Charles Dickens' difficult times. Sigmund Freud laid the foundation of "psychoanalysis". Based on Freud's psychoanalysis, research papers try to study the character in this novel from that point of view. Psychoanalysis theory is the concept of character development and the dynamics of its change. It studies the influence of childhood impression on adult personality development and its psychological function. It focuses on personality-based thinking, including separation of mind into identity, self and superego, repression, relocation and illusion. This research thesis studies and analyzes these ideas related to the personality in the novel. Also, I will explore the author's idea based on this novel. The author well describes psychoanalysis theory. Although a little short, if you understand to some extent about this topic, you can understand the outline of the psychoanalysis given. You can further explain concepts such as latent period and electrore complex. Again, there is no explanation about Freud's slip and "paraparax" at all. Beystehner also pointed out that relocation has both positive and negative aspects, but he did not give enough explanation. Criticism of Beystehner's psychoanalysis seems to be much stronger than defense theory. For example, Freud's data "bad or invalid" suggests that Freud's theory is not based on science, but rather a highly influential argument against theory. Comments on Freud's free collaborative techniques have raised a discussion as to whether his work is based on empirical reasons

Criminal justice in every aspect of criminal justice policy has many different aspects. Especially different theory with crime, they influence the criminal justice system. The classic school of crime is a more human way than punishing people who are evolutionary, from the perspective of the type of capital punishment. Positivism criminology maintains control over human behavior and criminal behavior. They are used to achieve this goal by three different kinds of biological research, five types of criminal law, these three biological studies focus on theoretical biology, psychological Theory contains four different theories and contains four different theories of sociological theory theory. Criminal justice is often divided into practical and formal (or program) dimensions. Aspects involving substantive criminal justice legislation norms; desert requirements; socio-economic and political opportunities in the desert distribution, prescription of fair and equitable regulations, as well as burdens of criminal motives, inequality decision and It deserves punishment. In this sense, the requirements of criminal justice are not persons engaged in acts like discrimination classes, religion, race, origins, etc., and must be subject to similar punishment or remuneration Regardless, it will result in a similar result of action. You can not impose criminal laws and procedures for any class, socio-economic class, religion, groups of ethnicity or gender, or rely on other social and political differences. Evaluation of criminal justice system Criminal justice (WJP rule of law index factor 8). An effective criminal justice system is an important aspect of the rule of law, as it constitutes a traditional mechanism for relief of social behavior committed by individuals against dissatisfaction and behavior. Effective timely and successful criminal justice system Criminal justice system (8.1 and 8.2) (8.4) Determine equitable investigations and criminal offenses institutional and non-discriminatory, and decide what corruption and unfair government influence ( 8.5 and 8.6), while securing its victims, and effective protection of the rights of the accused (8.7). (8.3) effective criminal justice provision is also effective and necessary to lower the criminal detective system

Jean Toumer, I am silent at Cala Holloway, with this in mind, it is the master of appearance and behavior. She argues that the convincing Toomer's "Fern" was a story of Nella Larson's "flowing sand", a permanent explosion, that he always left memory in the meaning of flaking thoughts. "It's like a face, the whole village was visible as a fern that flows into her eyes and she tells us what was very easy." "Wand" Toomer is a general In the preparation of his preaching, I use metaphor syncopation and tone. In this story Silko returns to the oral tradition of Native American. Jami Hacker explained "Traditional voice: a modern native American text talker" as an American narrator "responsible for inheriting culture from generation to generation" (Hacker 1). Because Story Teller relies on 'oral record of religious beliefs and historical events' (hacker 1), the magical power between the storyteller and the audience is unique. As a post-colonial critic who saw this story, a circular story reflects oral traditional style. Unlike most classic works, "yellow ladies" have not reached the climax, but they are done by tying everything together. In fact, there is no end in true story in this story, there is no actual climb; it alone, we can wait for the next story. This disbelief really reflects the oral tradition of Native American. In oral or human history and narrative format, we came here to sing with a part of so-called oral tradition. Information means oral tradition, the story read aloud, it is not written down. Sometimes, like Mikumaku, like, people may have written both verbal traditions. Because people are more dynamic as they remember the vitality to the memory and sometimes change the story, so the oral history is more fluid than the written history. This does not make them as good as the written historical truth. Oral reading by oral reading, culture or values ​​of wisdom handed down from another generation or one generation. Written different communication, but verbal tradition must involve community and implementation, by definition of contact with humans, therefore, by definition. Almost every language system early stage of oral is still very prominent among Native American and Chicano culture. The social history of postmodernism and philosophical movement challenges the positivism tradition of oriented stories to enlighten and progressed mainly. Early in the 20th century, linguists and philosophers presented a question that the language could truly reflect true possibilities, or may argue about any fundamental absolute or truth transcending world. did.

Ludwig Wittgenstein once thought that the function of the language is to name the object, and the meaning of the language is in the object it represents. He refuses this later and focuses on how the language functions and uses, and asserts that religious language problems come from misunderstanding about its use. Wittgenstein no longer worries about the authenticity and falsehood of the language, but rather, as told that "there is no requirement for meaning", I do not care about the way the language is used and the function it does. Wittgenstein recognizes the language as ambiguous because it has various meanings, such as the meaning of the word "pen" in various contexts. An important person who had a great influence on the development of religious impartiality is Ludwig Wittgenstein. In his later work, I think that language is not a fixed structure that directly corresponds to the way things actually exist, but human activities that are sensitive to human life and practical change. He thinks that language can not provide realistic paintings, but proposes a series of activities called "language games". In learning languages, people need to be able to respond to words in a variety of contexts; speech and action work together. And, in many cases, the meaning of a word is its usage in that language. For Wittgenstein, this applies to all forms of discourse, including religious discourse. As it becomes God and other religious terms and concepts, their meaning is more related to their use than their extension. Another reaction to logical positivism comes from Ludwig Wittgenstein. In his "religious talks" he believes that there are some unique features in the language framework of religious believers. Their words are meaningless for outsiders. Therefore, in order to understand how various concepts work in language games, people have to share their living forms. Various language games form "family similarity". Wittgenstein concluded that people demanding an unfair and just way to evaluate the true value of a religious claim are seeking impossible things. From the point of view of Wittgenstein, science and religion are just two different types of language games. In order to evaluate religious beliefs, this request takes an internal view and demands that Wittgenstein form an incompatible form between faith and reason. Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951) was one of the most important philosophers of the 20th century. Wittgenstein made a major contribution to language, logic, metaphysical dialogue, morality, the way we should live in the world. He published two important pieces: Tractatus Logico Philosophicus (1921) and Philosophical Investigations (1953), which he knows best. These are major contributions to the philosophy of the language of the 20th century. Wittgenstein is a difficult role. People who know him think he is either a madman or a genius. He is known for blaming philosophers accustomed to criticizing himself in semantic structures, accusing his frustration, pace in the room, stupidity. Thanks to him, Wittgenstein is not afraid of admitting his mistake. "If people had never done a foolish thing, there would be nothing to be wise," he once said.

Nursing research is research that provides evidence to support nursing practice. Since the evening of nightingale in Florence, care has evolved as an evidence-based practice, and now many nurses work as researchers of universities and medical institutions. In nursing education, we emphasize the use of research evidence to rationalize nursing interventions. In England and Wales, based on whether research supports the intervention, the court can decide whether the nurse is acting reasonably. Nursing research can be divided into two main fields. Quantitative research is based on a logical positivism paradigm and usually focuses on measurable customer outcomes using statistical data. The main research method is a randomized controlled trial. Deterministic research is based on a paradigm such as phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnographic magazine etc, and by giving individuals special attention to their meaning, to receive care or provide the experience of people providing nursing care Examine you. The most common survey methods are interviews, case studies, focus groups, ethnographic magazines. Studies carried out by nurses in the field of clinical practice, clinical examination, evaluation, nursing education, nursing care and methodology This article explains the following questions. "What is care?" We will confirm the role of professional nurses. Definitions of various domestic and international nursing care were discussed and cognitive perception of national care was considered. The summary of the changes in the role of nurses in the 21st century includes discussions on changes in nursing educational requirements. The evidence presented in this article is comprehensive to draw conclusions on the issues raised. The purpose of this article is to answer the following questions. Please check the role of professional nurse. In answering this question we will explore the concept of specialization and how much it is reflected in the role of nurses in the 21st century. First, the definition of various national and international care will be discussed and some common myths and stereotypes inherent in society will be examined. This discussion will outline the nature of the nurse leader and the importance of nurse leaders in advancing career development, clarify the definitions, and distinguish between nurse manager and nurse leader. Emphasize the importance of evolving and identifying nurse leaders. To pursue a bright future for nurses, this article also reminds us to recognize, avoid, and prevent "negative" leaders. Nurse Leader: Recognizing the essential value and importance of attributes to ensure a prospective future

Psychology is the behavior of graduate students. People studying these behaviors are called psychologists. These people have done a lot of research trying to understand why people or animals do what they do. The four main objectives of psychology are to explain what is happening, to explain what happened, to predict what will happen next, and to change to prevent unnecessary results It is that. Psychologists study the processes of thinking, learning, cognition, emotion, motivation, and personality. This paper presents and answers three different questions: What is multicultural psychology? What is psychology? Does not multicultural psychology and (experience / positivism) psychology compatible? A brief overview of the history of science, emphasizing the liberating impulses behind modernism, empiricism, positivistic scientific methods. Some people think that this method is not inconsistent with multicultural psychology. If the author studies psychological and social problems affecting different groups using qualitative and quantitative methods including psychologists from the tradition of positiveist traditions, multicultural psychology is strengthened I will conclude. In context - dependent interaction among people with different cultural backgrounds, a systematic study of human behavior defines multicultural psychology. Many people believe that multicultural psychology is the fourth force in psychological research. Surveys on communication, exchanges, research, and human behavior provide insight into how societal diverse cultures interact and how they live in different ethnic groups. There are many problems in multicultural psychology. The two issues discussed in this paper, cultural identity and baby boomers, describe some of the impacts on multicultural psychology. Multicultural psychology is one of the latest and most dynamic fields of psychology and is recognized as an important part in understanding the role of culture in psychological research. Over the past three decades, research on cultural (ethnic and ethnic) ethnic minorities issues in the field of psychology has evolved into an important and dynamic subprof in the context of American psychology. Multiculturalism dates back to the civil rights movement that began in the United States in 1964. Because it inspired a new way of thinking that it was initially inferior (Hall, 2009). Ethnic minorities require equal treatment, especially at housing, education and employment opportunities

Today's law outlines past and present principles around the world. Early legal practices are the foundation of the law we are currently accustomed to and following it. These customs are known as classicalists. But as time went on, various criminologists changed the early incomplete ideas and made them more complete and practical for more modern times. This new version is called a positivist school. This rapid change from classicism to positivism is due to the change and development of civilization. In the past 250 years, criminal studies have various theories. Early in the 18th century, criminal study was able to be traced as a research field, but at that time, the view that Cesare Beccaria in Italy and Jeremy Bentham in the UK at the time should each receive punishment Respectively. Because it is very tough, criminals will judge that pleasure of criminal act is not worth punishment. Classic Crime Academy What is criminal study? In short, criminal study is a study of criminal behavior. Questions answered in the field of criminal science, why do people feel offended? What are the factors affected by criminal acts? Criminology provides answers through the theoretical interpretation of crime. Criminology is always a male-led field, and male criminals are the main subject of research and theoretical development research. For these reasons, women have been excluded from these studies. In the 20th century, two other criminal theories were developed. These theories are social structural criminology and social process criminal study. Social structural criminal studies are studying how criminal behavior is affected by structural and / or social situations. The idea behind this theory is that crime is the product of social structural defects. Social process criminal study is the theory of how some people become criminals. The theory also considers criminal acts as learning behavior; for example, the younger brother learns how to shop from older brothers, or young gang members learn crime from experienced gang members

The disadvantage of these two names (men and women) is that they are directly related to normality. In the first work by Geert Hofstede, the intention did not cause strong ties with social gender related problems. Therefore, with regard to culture and gender, the terms "male-like temperament" and "femininity" are not to refer to gender difference. Masculinity of cultural dimension - femininity conveys the expected behavior of men and women in a particular society Briefly, in a high-score culture, duplication of roles seems to be relatively small; men provide services to their families, become leaders of families, work garbage like men You should. In more feminine societies, it is not a problem if roles overlap, women's income is higher than men, "home" is accepted more than male society. Therefore, with respect to culture and gender, this will be the closest link between gender and gender role in society. Please look at the picture below. This picture was taken while traveling in the Middle East. For example, in women's countries like Sweden, there are no such signs. In any country of the world you can find the difference between so-called IntrA's cultural differences, namely the US East Coast and the US West Coast countries. Or the difference between North and South Spain There should be a difference in the role of men and women in the country. In other words, American women will not be masculine than male partners. The same can be said about Sweden, the most feminine country in the world, men are more masculine than men. The obvious example is the "cloud of words" below which explains the use of words in social media for English speaking men and women. It is clearly understood that English speaking men use a language stronger than English speaking ladies. However, comparing English speaking women and Swedish women, you can see that the scores of the two countries / groups differ greatly in terms of this masculinity and femininity. Role of Gender in Society The role of gender is a topic often discussed in society. A simply defined gender role is an inner feeling about how a person or person should feel and act. Society and culture are also very important to this topic. This means that different societies and cultures can create children and later create adult men and women. - Society, role of gender and gender conflict have repeatedly attracted attention in gender confrontation in various forms. People who wish to comment on gender conflicts or existing inequalities tend to use television and songs to attract viewers in our time. But this is a fairly new technology. On the other hand, books and some form of sentences have existed for thousands of years. Gender disputes are not new things Gender social construction is the concept of gender and gender work in society in feminism and sociology. According to this view, society and culture create gender roles defined as ideal or appropriate behavior of people of a particular gender. The roots of social constructivism movement in psychology are related to the criticism of objectiveism assumed by the concept of positivism / empirical knowledge (Gergen, 1985). The most common variant of social constructivism is the gender role theory, Alsop, Fitzsimons, and Lennon (2002) believe it is an early social constitutionalism. Concerns about power and hierarchy reveal inspiration from the Marxist framework like Foucault's work on the use of materialistic feminism and discourse

Practicalism, perfectionism, and feminism summarization: I think that three new pragmatists have modified pragmatism: Richard Roty, Richard Bernstein, and Cornell West. Even though Bernstein 's explanation of the spirit of pragmatism raises the theory of purpose, I think that their views on pragmatism lack objective theory. I call for suggesting a theory of purpose that can use the concept of Stanley Kabir's "moral perfectionism" for pragmatism. Finally, I discovered that the weakness of pragmatism was completed without object. It is an interactive example of Rorty 's 1990 Tanner Lecture' s Rorty and Nancy Fraser. Since the mid-1990s, feminist philosophers have rediscovered classical pragmatism as a source of feminist theory. The works of Seigfried, Duran, Keith, Whipps are exploring the historical and philosophical relationships of feminism and pragmatism. The relationship between pragmatism and feminism took a long time to be rediscovered as pragmatism itself was hidden by logical positivism in the mid-20th century. As a result, it disappeared from feminist discourse. The practical character that led to its decline is that the feminist is now the most powerful function. These feminist philosophers point out that Jane Adams is the founder of classical pragmatism. In addition, Dewey, Mead and James' ideas are consistent with the principles of many feminists. Jane Adams, John Dewey, and Joji Herbert Meade have developed their philosophy. It is because they became friends, influenced each other, and participated in Hull House 's experience and cause of women' s rights. Practicalism is a philosophical movement that began in the United States in the second half of the nineteenth century. Practicalism, as determined by the thoughts and works of Charles Sanders, William James, John Dewey, and George Herbert Meade, is essentially true that ideologies and propositions are true only when it works satisfactorily I mean it. In other words, the meaning and value of a proposition can only be judged by accepting its actual result. This also means refusing unrealistic ideas. Then suddenly - will. They are not going well. To do. They are listed on our life list, we are recording records (same as the Beatles' answer when John Lennon made a comment "more popular than Jesus"). Sinead O'Connor deletes the papal photos on Saturday night or is deleted in the public (as it did when Paula Deen admitted to use N as a young person).

Feminist View of "Vampire Killer Buffy" Amid the criticism of the feminist against Vampire Killer Buffy, Ann Millard De Toi stated that Buffy was "a program to greatly strengthen women and power" program (159). ) Buffy himself is "a symbol of women's empowerment" (149), and as a feminist, you can feel that Buffy is comforting that "Kicking your ass, we can all of you" (164). Sherryl Vint agrees that Buffy is "an aggressive role model for young women and feminism should be blessed" (paragraph 3). My purpose in this article is to modify the criticism of the feminist against this show and express Buffyverse as follows. There is a tendency to explain as a symbol of feminist criticism buffy killer buffy women empowerment. In this article, I think that the role and drama of Gwyneth Bode is a problem, and criticized the feminist for the modified play. In considering Buffy Vers as a patriarchal fairy tale, in an effort to overthrow feminism rather than promote it, women are depicted as a fixed idea to eliminate femininity, so that women can only act as functional (fantasy) symbols To: Blue Sox (Willow, Jenny Calendar), quite foolish cheerleader (harmony with Cordelia), Wizard (Willow, Tara), Hysteria (Dru), Crazy (Glory). Buffy restricted the ability to define a vampire killer, and it soon came up with a proponent of feminist book positivism Interpretation of the feminist of "Vampire killer buffy" In many interviews, the author explained that Jos Verdin was inspired by the fact that he was watching horror movies and TV programs. The killing monster. Whedon insists that this exemplary girl wants to give a new role of the victim, a hero who killed monsters. - Lesbian desire is often associated with fear and vampire type monsters, and as vampire killer buffy is seen to rewrite these types of conventions, it thinks of ways to deal with lesbian story thoughts in this series It is worth it. Whether desire is respected Vampire Hunter Buffy In the whimsical world of television, the complexity and richness of BUFFY VAMPIRE SLAYER (UPN) has transformed this mysterious allegiance into a wonderful depiction of supernatural. The extinction of vampires and the pursuit of teenage demons kept it alive for six seasons. Our loyalty to BUFFY depends on extraordinary emotional involvement of very young but very strong people. - Vampire Killer Buffy The first season of Buffy was built around the external threats aimed at harming the world order, but then the cause of the threat will become increasingly internal, but the role is one It is necessary to accept. It is reasonable or dangerous. When Giles definitely killed Ben, he did not encounter the moral ambiguity that Willow encountered when he killed guilty Warren.

The works of Modernism of FindeSiècleFindesiècle of my time are now being used to refer to the last forty years on behalf of the 19th century, but at that time the word was modern, with social decline I have real sociological implications of reaction. Especially in France, despite the fact that the whole of Europe is true, but society is changing, this trend is worth having such a pessimistic view of development, development. More people, coupled with the decline in the crime rate, continued to improve the discerning elite talent acquisition, obviously these elites are all the factors of this social phenomenon, every society in every field You have the ability to enter. Modern The historian Jeba Stanhel traced the roots of fascism ideology in the 1880s, in particular, the end of the theme of the century. This theme is based on materialism and rationalism, positivism, rebellion against bourgeois society and democracy. Supporting emotional, irrationalism, doctrine of subjectivity and vitality. At the end of the century the Finnish civilization in the crisis requires a large-scale comprehensive solution. The finnish / century-old knowledge of individual schools of thinking is only a small part of a larger group and it should not be considered an individual atomization digital sam. They accused the free society of the tyranny of individualism and rationalism society in bourgeois society The works of Modernism of FindeSiècleFindesiècle of my time are now being used to refer to the last forty years on behalf of the 19th century, but at that time the word was modern, with social decline I have real sociological implications of reaction. Especially in France, despite the fact that the whole of Europe is true, but society is changing, this trend is worth having such a pessimistic view of development, development. More people, coupled with the decline in the crime rate, continued to improve the discerning elite talent acquisition, obviously these elites are all the factors of this social phenomenon, every society in every field You have the ability to enter. Modern Claude Hagègedistuetroispériodesderayonnementdufrançais: lapériodeduMoyenÂgequséétenddela fin duXIéaudédudu XIVesiècle, lapériodesquies'éndedédéduldrègnedeLouisXIVàlafinduXVIIIesiècle, etlapériodeallantde Raffin Du XIXeaudéduduXXesiècle2. Lalangue française acettepecialitéquesondéveloppementaétéenpartieL'œuvredegroupesintellectuels, commelaPléiade, OU D 'institution, commel' Académiefrançaise. C'EST UNE Lang DITE «académique». Toutefois, L 'use avant-garde SES droits et al nombreux sont ceuxquimalaxèrentcettelangue vivante, au premier rangdesquels Molière: upper Parule D'ailleurs de la «languede Molière»

Auguste Conte (1798-1857), which is widely regarded as "father of sociology", became interested in social learning because of the changes brought about by the French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution. During the French Revolution that began in 1789, the class system of France changed dramatically. The nobility suddenly lost their money and status, while the farmers who were at the bottom of the social ladder rose to a stronger and more influential position. The Industrial Revolution followed the French Revolution and began in Western Europe in the 19th century. During the Industrial Revolution, people abandoned their agricultural lives and moved to the city to find a factory. They work long hours in dangerous situations to get low wages. There is a new social problem, and for decades little effort has been made to solve the plight of the poor in urban areas. I looked at the broad changes brought about by the French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution and tried to find them. He believes that the social sciences, including the political science and history that existed at that time, could not fully explain the confusion and confusion he saw around him. He decided that he needed a new science. He called this new scientific sociology the source of social roots, in Latin as "fellow" or "with others." Comte has decided that people must follow specific procedures in order to understand society, and now we know that this is a scientific method. Scientific methods use systems and specific programs to test theories of psychology, natural science, and other disciplines. Control also believes in positivism, which is an application of scientific methods in social analysis. Conte believes that sociology can be used to motivate social reform and often make society a better place for its members. Comte's "research" standard is not as rigid as today, but most of his conclusions are ignored because it is based on observation rather than a serious investigation. In the United States, sociology was originally taught in Kansas University in 1890, University of Chicago in 1892, and in Atlanta University in 1897. Over time, it spread to other universities in North America. In 1922, McGill University in Montreal, Canada, the Department of Sociology at Harvard University in 1930, and the University of California Berkeley in the 1950s the first Department of Sociology was established. Of particular interest to Burawoy's "founder politics" is that he mentioned the central role of Irving in the birth of sociology at least in four different publications (2005c, 2006a, 2006b, 2007). It is still outstanding. Not a single Owenait concept or social innovation is thoroughly mentioned. This seemingly paradox fit very well with Harrison (1969, p. 260), and since the 1850's Owent's work wrote that "not only as a heritage but also as a relic". It is neither socialist nor socialist. Social scientists have used the heritage of Owent literature many times These heritage has been forgotten at a small library of cooperatives, small world halls, staff associations, but they are not included in the symbolic accusations I think it will be useful. Image of Owen I was born in San Juan, Puerto Rico in 1951, I got a bachelor's degree in psychology and sociology from Puerto Rico University in 1951 and received a comparison with a new education. Some doctoral degrees are completed in terms of religion. York University In 1982, I visited Cuba, India, China and Japan, visited studio art, literature, and cultural history, then began photography with Jan Jurasek, joined the School of Visual Arts and Maine Photography Studio. It shows the history of Puerto Rico. As practiced in the United States, all of the areas we are most directly using, such as history, economics, sociology, anthropology, literature, psychology, education, etc., all of the vision of Puerto Rico as a subordinate It is deeply involved in the construction of. In short, honest people ar

In 1834, in a panoramic study of Paris Human Comedy, a deep idea for Pier Goriot Honore de Balzac's Balzac announced Pere Goriot (1). Through Pere Goriot, Balzac 's narrator fluctuated between the role of social historians and moralists. The existence of observers and commentators may initially seem mutually exclusive, but it is also an important part of making this novel fun and entertaining. Readers of Balzac often do not separate ideas and judgments in daily life as meat and blood. As a social historian, Barzac's narrator sometimes approaches the pseudo-scientific condition of positivism. Personal classification is the majority of it. In Pere Goriot, Balzac narrators often use this technique. He is one of the writers who intends to use his role as an example of an ordinary social sample. So far, in this article Balzac narrator is saying this quite objectively. As the narrator begins long discussions on the material innocence of young people, this ends in the middle of the second paragraph. Tone has not undergone a fundamental change: "Everything is a man or a woman, shining glittering times, when you are shining !! What power of the happy elderly using !!" This is Ras Tignac buying clothes The story is a distant cry. In the beginning of this article, we observed ambitious young people and his tailor with great care. Now, a passionate moral talker, as the exclamation point indicates, we talk directly to us and cry out. Essay.com/ The title of this article is "How to use narrator in channel analysis". It is based on Balzac's novel "Pere Goriot" The title of this article is "Usage of Narrator in channel analysis". It is based on Balzac's novel "Pere Goriot" Through Pere Goriot, Balzac 's narrator fluctuated between the role of social historians and moralists. The existence of observers and commentators may initially seem mutually exclusive, but it is also an important part of making this novel fun and entertaining. Readers of Balzac often do not separate ideas and judgments in everyday life. Packaging of human natural hope By a method similar to deep thinking, balzac narrator and reader have reached a particularly comfortable and effective intimate relationship Essay.com/ The title of this article is "How to use narrator in channel analysis". It is based on Balzac's novel "Pere Goriot" The title of this article is "Usage of Narrator in channel analysis". It is based on Balzac's novel "Pere Goriot" Pere Goriot need not be alone as an objective social history or passionate moral commentary. Because they are an indispensable part of the human perception of the world, Balzac narrator can not easily be individually recognized or commented to achieve their mission. They undermine the effect of Pale Goriot topic. Regardless of whether these claims are ultimately correct, the Balzac narrator won in a fun and persuasive way. This article entitled essay.com/ "Analysis of usage of narrator channel." It is based on Balzac's novel "Pere Goriot" The title of this article is "Usage of Narrator in channel analysis". It is based on Balzac's novel "Pere Goriot" It leads to an unavoidable dramatic conclusion. Flaubert has finished the task of painting her lifeless usage. Honoré de Valzac entitled, a series of 90 novels and stories, created "human comedy." Balzac gave them an artistic sense of unity, during that period his social and political trend And succeeded in making real more than the historical reality of the fictitious world. (Cunningham, p. 452) said, "Romantic is a gentle, harmonious, balanced, and idealistic because such rules are representative of the classics, especially in the late 18th century neoclassical A doctrine that can be regarded as a refusal of a rational rule. "It is also a way of enlightenment and reaction to rationalism and physical materialism of the 18th century:" suffering, individual irrational, imagination, individual Spontaneous, spontaneous, emotional, foresightful and subsequent ro

Practicalism is a philosophical school from the second half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, and regards actual results and actual influence as meaning and an important part of the truth. The easiest thing is that it only makes sense if it works. But pragmatism is not philosophy, but rather style and philosophy. In general, pragmatism argues that any theory proving that it is more successful in predicting and controlling our world than competitors can be thought of as closer to reality. It believes that the meaning of any concept can be equivalent to the imaginable possible operational or practical results indicated by that concept. As with positivism, scientific methods usually argue that it is best suited to theoretical exploration, but pragmatism also suggests that skeptical solutions are tenacious and persistent, authoritative of readymade beliefs or other methodologies It can also be achieved by a rationale. For more details, please refer to the section on pragmatism. The founder of the school, the American philosopher Charles Sanders Pierce described in detail the practical Maxim for the first time as a response to the logical maxim and the metaphysical theory of the late nineteenth century (for many years various ways I reconfirmed that with). Actual Maxim actually is not exactly the same (at least on the surface), it is a family of principles and its meaning has many subtle changes, including almost every corner of philosophical thought. Utilitarian schools have reached the top of the philosophy of William James and John Dewey in the early twentieth century. For the first time, James used the word "pragmatism". Apart from other, more independent, non-aligned thinkers, after the first wave of pragmatism this movement divided and produced three major elementary schools: Neoclassical pragmatism has inherited most of the principles of classical pragmatism, and its supporters included Sidney Hook (1902-1989) and Susan Huck (1945-). Although the philosophical methodology and the formation of concepts are different from classical pragmatism, new pragmatism (sometimes called language pragmatism) is a kind of pragmatism, but its supporters are CI Lewis (1883-1964), Richard Rorty (1931). -2007), WVO Quinn, Donald Davidson (1917 - 2003), Hilary Putnam (1926 -) French pragmatism is a special French version of this movement, including Bruno Latour (1947 -), Michel Krogier (1922 - 2013), Luc Boltanski (1940 -), Laurent to En (1949 -) is. Recently, there was much debate about primary school movement. A micro school is defined as "a school that serves less than 153.5 children", how to try new ideas, how to provide the flexibility that the university lacks for its size, and students more personalized learning It helps to pursue the route. The micro-school differs in various ways, but what has in common is to promote more realistic learning. The beauty behind micro schools is that they are trying to serve well over the new learning model for students, repeating beyond the traditional educational scope. One of the self-employed schools that emerged during the free school movement was Sudbury Volleyball School founded in Massachusetts in 1968. Until today, universities are still models of independent education, and have influenced the environment of the school. More than 60 similar schools throughout the world. Sudbury Valley School has children from 4 to 19 years old, following three principles of educational freedom, democratic governance, and personal responsibility. Private schools do not have courses, tests, and staff to motivate them. Students can spend their own time and can start only when the group of students actively organizes their students. All students have full rights and responsibilities, schools are operated democratically, students and employees are equal Ordinary school sports is the turning point of American education. Without regular school movements, America may