Mainstream International Relations Has Excluded Multiplicity of Voices and Issues

In most of the latter part of the 20th century, at least in the United States, the way of realism dominated International Relations (IR). Scholars and diplomats such as Hans Morgenthau and Henry Kissinger led the US foreign policy to the provincial realist "highway". Major road signs on this highway include anarchic state, national security, sovereignty, power politics and so on. However, in the 1960s realism was attacked due to lack of scientific vitality.

The post colonial international relations science research advocates an important theoretical method (IR) of international relations and is a non-mainstream field of academic research on international relations. Post colonialism is related to the continued existence of colonial power and the continued presence of racism in world politics. Evolutionary viewpoints like evolutionary psychology are thought to help explain the many features of international relations. Humans in their ancestral environment do not live in the state and rarely interact with groups outside the region. However, various evolutionary psychological mechanisms, in particular the mechanisms dealing with interactions between groups, are thought to affect current international relations. These include social interaction, cheating fraud and fraud, struggle of status, leadership, differences and prejudices between domestic and foreign groups, and evolutionary mechanisms of alliances and violence.

In the early 1990s, the feminist international relations system became popular. These methods highlight that women's experiences continue to be excluded from international relations studies. Feminists of international relations believe that gender relations are an integral part of international relations and they focus on the role of diplomatic wives and marital relationships that promote sex trade. The early feminist infrared method was part of the "third major debate" between positivists and post-positivists. They are opposed to positivism and national-centricism seen in mainstream international relations. According to J. Ann Tickner, these methods do not explain feminist views on world politics.