Validity: External, Internal, and Construct

In the validity research paradigm, effectiveness and reliability are the most fundamental functional issues used in qualitative and quantitative analysis. The validity of psychometrics is included in the positivistic approach, which is related to the qualitative view reflecting the truth. From this point of view, the definition of positivism is based on the theory of systematiness and effectiveness. In addition, other empirical concepts such as truth, deduction, world law, evidence, reason, reality are ultimately born from effectiveness.

Studies can be characterized and evaluated with three validities: internal validity, external validity, and structural validity. Each provides a different perspective on a specific research, and each research project needs to evaluate the effectiveness of these three. However, there are certain threats to each validity concept that may affect the outcome of any study. Therefore, novice researchers must be familiar with the basis of research questions before conducting research.

The first concept to know is four levels of effectiveness: construction, statistics, internal and external. Establish measurement and operation of validity evaluation variables. How do the results of statistical validation support or do not support hypotheses or major arguments? Internal effectiveness focuses on causal relationship assertions and can be supported through research. External effect is the promotion of research to the general. The best way to understand the effectiveness of these different types is to put them into action. The following article is my paper on completing the psychology course at Grand Canyon University.

Researchers are aiming to find many different kinds of validity for that scale, including internal, statistical, constitutive, contentual, standard, and external. Essentially, effectiveness is defined as the extent to which the project or scale measures structure that it is designed to measure. It is considered reliable to consistently measure the dimensions of the construct and it is considered effective to measure the proportion of the expected construct. There are many papers [4, 5, 7] discussing ways to evaluate the effectiveness of countermeasures, but validity evaluation is quite different from reliability evaluation.

There are four types of validity conclusions: internal, construction, and external validity. In this study, internal validity was used to analyze relationships and causal relationships between procedures and outcomes. If the measuring instrument is not accurately measured, the effectiveness is more important than reliability because there is no reason to use even if it is being measured. The purpose of analyzing the reliability and validity of the data is to examine the exact relationship between measurements and the underlying functions they are about to measure.