Label theory argues that labeling people affects their own perception of themselves and others, thereby leading to deviations and integration of their behavior. Tags can be either positive or negative, but I will focus on the negative side of high school tags. Everyone has labels at high school, regardless of whether it is a "slut", "stupid", "freak" or "athlete"; this is the most obvious that individuals are tagged It is one of the times. The idea of ​​the students is that the labels attached to them are trapped forever on them and then lead to self-fulfilling prophecies. Label theory was created by Howard Becker in 1963. Label theory believes that people become criminals when tagged and when accepting tags as individual identities. Key concepts of label theory include primary and secondary bias, traceability and expected labeling, and the importance of prejudice. Look at these concepts and take a look at some examples. Label theory emphasizes that deviations are relative terms. In this view, people react abnormally to react to behavior, not for actions themselves. There are two types of bias as part of this theory. The main deviation is a plot of the deviation from the behavior many people are participating in. A secondary deviation is that someone does something out of this abnormal behavior, which creates a negative social label that changes his own self-concept and social identity. This negative label is called shame In sociology, label theory is a departure perspective, according to which it is marked as "deviant" which makes a person engaged in abnormal behavior. Label theory, born from the study of Howard Becker in the 1960s, explains why people's behavior conflicts with social norms. For example, a teenager living in an urban area where the gang frequently visits may be labeled as a gang member. As a result, youth may start acting like a gang member or become a member. Sometimes people tagged incorporate tags into their self concepts (when a teenager marked as a gang member starts to see himself as a gang member). Some researchers think that there is a high possibility that people with low social status are classified as deviating. Label theory is closely related to social construction and symbolic interaction analysis. Label theory was developed by sociologists in the 1960s, arguing that bias is not unique to behavior. This theory is concerned with people who are thought to be most likely to deviate minority groups negative labels or deviate from standard cultural norms. The theory focuses on how to determine or influence individual's self identity and behavior through the terms used to describe or classify individuals. It is related to the concept of self-contained prediction and stereotype

"Devils like beauty are in the eyes of the viewer, there is no essential deviation in human behavior, because some people have successfully marked it." - JL Simmons Introduction Label theory Born from the influence of Cooley, Mead, Tannenbaum, Lemert, it originated in the background of the 20th century. However, Edwin Lemelt is widely believed to be the producer and founder of the original label theory. Label theory was created by Howard Becker in 1963. Label theory believes that people become criminals when tagged and when accepting tags as individual identities. Key concepts of label theory include primary and secondary bias, traceability and expected labeling, and the importance of prejudice. Look at these concepts and take a look at some examples. Label theory emphasizes that deviation is a relative term. In this view, people react abnormally to react to behavior, not for actions themselves. There are two types of bias as part of this theory. The main deviation is a plot of the deviation from the behavior many people are participating in. A secondary deviation is that someone does something out of this abnormal behavior, which creates a negative social label that changes his own self-concept and social identity. This negative label is called shame In sociology, label theory is a departure perspective, according to which it is marked as "deviant" and involves people in abnormal behavior. Label theory, born from the study of Howard Becker in the 1960s, explains why people's behavior conflicts with social norms. For example, a teenager living in an urban area where the gang frequently visits may be labeled as a gang member. As a result, youth may start acting like a gang member or become a member. Sometimes people tagged incorporate tags into their self concepts (when a teenager marked as a gang member starts to see himself as a gang member). Some researchers think that there is a high possibility that people with low social status are classified as deviating.

In his work "Mr. Nigger", Tobey S. Jenkins focuses on the social, political, economic, psychological and educational issues facing today's black people. In Hooks' s article we are exploring how patriarchal society can lead black stereotypes and how these myths hurt the black community. In his writings, Howard discusses the critical racism and stereotypes of young black men, especially in the classroom. Jenkins had a sarcastic view of educating a black man in a white society. At the Wilburn Dobbs trial in Georgia, a black man was accused of killing a white man and both the judge and the lawyer called Dobs "a colored boy." Defense lawyers said, "Negroids are not educated, they will not be excellent teachers, but they will truly be excellent basketball players," he expressed his views. He was sentenced to death and his court of the Georgian dynasty supported that conviction. In Utah, African-American William Andrews was executed, but the jury found a memo drawn a small stick on the gallowswrite stating "Hanging Nigga (Original)." After seeing the evidence of this racial prejudice at all white jury, the judge did not try to judge who wrote the memo and did not know how many jurors saw it. Following the narrator's grandfather, Jim Trueblood is the second information provider. True Blood is a black man who is not educated living in the suburbs of the university campus and his daughter is pregnant when he saw a strange dream. True Blood refused to express a myth of white guilt and contamination because he was not guilty as to whether he was guilty because he was sinned while he was sleeping. Ironically, only university people will treat Trueblood with hatred and distrust, trying to eliminate him from the county. A white man gave him more money and help before making an incestible incest taboo to him. Schor believes that the use of white Trueblood is similar to the use of smokers by boys. They "buy a scapegoat for alternative satisfaction that he offers" - express what can not be imagined "(222)

To summarize the label theory and to consider its relevance in contemporary juvenile crime and antisocial behavior in contemporary British society. . "... The social group creates rules for deviation by causing a violation and marks these roles as outsiders by applying them to specific people, which is applied to" criminals " The result of the rules and sanctions. People who are labels h from traitors According to label theory, bias and consistency are not only related to people's behavior, but also to other people's reactions to these behaviors. Therefore, society has built various behaviors. In this article we will comprehensively describe label theory and comment on the importance of the theory on today's British youth deviation behavior and youth antisocial behavior. Label theory became dominant in the early 1960s and the late 1970s when it was used as the criminal sociology theory that influenced the orthodox positivism. essay.com/Outline categorizes the theory and is considering its role in understanding contemporary juvenile crime and antisocial behavior in the UK Outline the label theory and consider its role in understanding contemporary juvenile crime and antisocial behavior in the UK To summarize the label theory and to consider its relevance in contemporary juvenile crime and antisocial behavior in contemporary British society. . "... The social group creates rules for deviation by causing a violation and marks these roles as outsiders by applying them to specific people, which is applied to" criminals " The result of the rules and sanctions. People who are labels h from traitors Labeling is the core of social identity theory. Individual labeling and social attribution are given based on the status of the group. For minor children, adolescents and families, these labels make them socially disadvantageous and may adversely affect their self-concept. In many contemporary literature, children and young people of ethnic minorities continue to be expressed as "being at risk". This label may be a powerful force for the social identity of ethnic minorities. Adams Johnson & Evans (1998) used the National Longitudinal Youth Survey to examine the labeling effects of African Americans and Caucasians on data from 11 to 17 years of age. The results show that informal labels can have a greater impact on African American young people than Caucasians.

Many people are trying to explain the participation of gangs in today's society. However, there seems to be a thorough explanation of the insufficient coverage to the media and the potential activities of young people who are participating in the gang. As the name suggests, Youth Gang membership is about the youth group who created the gang and participated. Studies have shown that youth gang members are present in modern North America (Bernburg et al., 2006; Lilly et al., 2011; Maclure and Sotelo, 2004; Sims, 1997; Wiley et al., 2013 ; Yoder et al., 2005. There are many theories and data trying to explain youth gangs in the context of abnormal behavior and its lack of control or control. Nonetheless, information sources based on actual data are suitable for proving this unhealthy lifestyle. In this article, we mainly explain the actual data by combining Merton's strain theory and explain the motivation to participate in the gang. - The university is responsible for providing students with a safe learning environment and protecting students in the necessary way. If the security of the campus environment is compromised, students have the right to review their failures and strive to achieve effective solutions. This is standard for all my educational institutions, including American universities, the safety of that university was destroyed in 2001 and has been destroyed for more than a decade. The attitudes and behavior of youth groups and young people are always a big issue in the UK. Research and theoretical research was done to evaluate the emergence of youth street gang. In the past decade, innocent young people were murdered and urged governments and scholars to report discrepancies between gangsters and postal code gangsters and study. Due to the increase in gang violence, the government introduced "gang ban" in "police and criminal law" in 2009. "Gang prohibition" is aimed at stopping youth participation, encouraging and supporting gang-related violence (Ministry of the Interior). According to a survey by the police station association (2007) and pickle (2009), in addition to the gang members participating in the gang, they are also involved in the use and possession of violent weapons. Many people are trying to explain the participation of gangs in today's society. However, there seems to be a thorough explanation of the insufficient coverage to the media and the potential activities of young people who are participating in the gang. As the name suggests, Youth Gang membership is about the youth group who created the gang and participated. Studies have shown that young gang members exist in modern North America (Bernburg et al., 2006; aLilly et al., 2011; Maclure and Sotelo, 2004; Sims, 1997; Wiley et al. - Gang, Affiliation, and acceptance A 12 year old boy. Returning home from school He entered the house from the entrance and noticed his mother was crying She had blood in a paper towel, silence quietly said, " Your father ... he is in the back porch ... his life is very bad. "Why did he feel helpless to go to his room?

Children and saints according to social status have been categorized as high school students living in the suburbs and have been involved in drinking alcohol, adventure driving, school refusal, thief tact and vandalism of minors. Those similarities are over. The saint was not arrested, but all the nephews were habitually involved in trouble with the police and the public. Why are not their treatments equal? The difference is the social class of the two groups. Labeling is the core of social identity theory. Individual labeling and social attribution are given based on the status of the group. For minor children, adolescents and families, these labels make them socially disadvantageous and may adversely affect their self-concept. In many contemporary literature, children and young people of ethnic minorities continue to be expressed as "being at risk". This label may be a powerful force for the social identity of ethnic minorities. Adams Johnson & Evans (1998) used the National Longitudinal Youth Survey to examine the labeling effects of African Americans and Caucasians on data from 11 to 17 years of age. The results show that informal labels can have a greater impact on African American young people than Caucasians. Minority children, young people, and families often have negative social identity. This is exacerbated by research and intervention based on misrepresentations, labels and classifications that continue to maintain minority inequality. In the new century, we must understand and support families by providing adaptive constructive strategies. Ecological methods can effectively lead to research, outreach, and intervention, while avoiding classification, labeling and focusing on negative social identity.

Especially complying with the theory of nature's law is a real life and an ethical way, especially living in the image of God in life. The existence of God can be obtained by following the theory of the law of nature and it is a factor that leads to moral virtue and life, achievement. As everyone is happy, God created the body of the law as the best guide of human life, as if not doing the laws of these laws. He founded the law Civil law, the law of nature and the laws of God, God created these laws by law other than excellent law, the only god who has eternal laws. There are two kinds of natural law theory: natural law theory of validity and natural law theory of morality. The legality theory of natural law believes that the contents of the law have the necessary moral constraints. Moral theory of natural law focuses on the nature, reasons, and principles of morality. Many people agreeing on natural law ethics also agree with the law of natural law, but these two theories are logically independent. Those who accept legal theory may not accept moral theory, and natural law ethic theorists consistently believe that the law is traditional, unlike morality. "Natural law theory" is the appropriate ethical theory, politics, civil law labeling theory and religious moral theory. These views that have some funny effects may be legal, political, religious morality, but these effects are not the attention of our attention. We will focus on the ethical theory of nature's law. In this thesis we have two central goals. First, it aims to determine the decisive characteristics of the moral theory of nature's law. Secondly, it develops an accurate view of the main theoretical choice when facing not only as part of the difficulty of these options, for each of the functions within the constraints set by these definitions We aim to identify some of the natural law theorists. However, it does not try to repeat the history of the idea development of nature's law. (Very useful detailed history of the law of nature, see Crow 1977 until the beginning of the present age The theory of natural law and Galileo and Newton and other enlightenment figures succeeded in proving the theory of mechanical and scientific in parallel. The theory of natural law, fair and useful, that there is an unchanging principle of the law that defines human rights as part of nature. These principles can be found for reasons, and everyone is bound by these laws. In those legislative cases to these laws, state or other sovereign entity can have validity and justification. (note)

According to Cullen and Agnew (2011), the association theory respected by Edwin Sutherland was established in 1939. According to historical perspective Cullen and Agnew (2011), Edwin Sutherland has developed the basis of his theory of differential association, from Shaw's research and the theory of social disintegration of McKay. According to Cullen and Agnew (2011), Edwin Sutherland, from the perspective of Shaw and McKay, the differences in crime between communities are mainly In this article I will explain three theories, differential relevance theory, labeling theory, and theoretical selection theory. Discussing these theories and ways in which they explain the crime are also discussed and these theories are then compared to determine their strengths and weakness in explaining juvenile delinquency. The theory of criminology tries to explain the cause and method of crime occurrence. This is done by checking individual criminal acts and various facts related to that crime. There are many theories that can be used to explain causes and abnormal behavior in adolescence. According to Cullen and Agnew (2011), the association theory respected by Edwin Sutherland was established in 1939. According to historical perspective Cullen and Agnew (2011), Edwin Sutherland has developed the basis of his theory of differential association, from Shaw's research and the theory of social disintegration of McKay. According to Cullen and Agnew (2011), Edwin Sutherland, from the perspective of Shaw and McKay, the differences in crime between communities are mainly Differential Correlation Sutherland's crime theory and crime This is a social learning theory presented in nine steps. Criminal activity is basically the result of cheating by people interacting with us. Also this is one of the four main concepts of Akers' social learning theory. Akers retained the process of differential association and extended it with his theory. Differential Enhancement One of the four main concepts of social learning theory of Ax. This concept refers to potential remuneration and penalties for criminals or those who have committed or have not committed deviant behavior. This process includes penalties and remuneration received in the past and in the past, as well as consideration of current and future compensation and penalties.

The film "Falling Down" released in 1993 depicts unemployed defense workers who are dissatisfied with society and dissatisfied with the Los Angeles community. The movie following William was the destruction and influence of his actions against other characters in the movie. Clearly, the events and personality in the film are ideal examples of criminal theory and social control. Anomie is characterized by eternal emotions. This is because social norms have collapsed without these norms in order to guide individuals and they can neither find a place in society nor adapt to the constant change of life. One of the most common control structures is one of the most widely tested criminal logic theories in the literature, following a reckless strategy. Hirschi (1969) continues to integrate various theories: anomie, social collapse, differential association, labeling and containment, and elements of social ties. Kizuna is made up of four elements of attachment, dedication, participation, and faith. Hirschi believes that the stronger the relationship, the more opportunities for social contribution activities will be. Conversely, the weaker the bond, the more likely the crime will occur. Traditional behavior is penetrating through close relationships with schools, workplaces, families, communities, and friends. Alienation and discordance with these factors, that is, weak bonds are likely to lead to crime In this article we discuss five general criminal logic theories applied to the principle of white-collar crime. Edwin Sutherland's theory, anomie and corporate prejudice, control theory, rational choice theory, and inclusive theory. Each suggests various causes of white-collar criminal behavior, such as society, personality, culture. Motivation for violating rules and committing such crimes is also presented from various viewpoints. The original idea was to raise crimes and conspiracy committed by members of wealthy classes that affected business and industry for personal benefit without taking responsibility for the law. Sutherland often observed that such a case was done under the civil court because such a case is itself a loss of property rather than an act. People who commit crimes only concern about lost property, not a formal lawsuit that punishes those who commit crimes. In the 20th century, two other criminal theories were developed. These theories are social structural criminology and social process criminal study. Social structural criminal studies are studying how criminal behavior is affected by structural and / or social situations. The idea behind this theory is that crime is the product of social structural defects. Social process criminal study is the theory of how some people become criminals. The theory also considers criminal acts as learning behavior; for example, the younger brother learns how to shop from older brothers, or young gang members learn crime from experienced gang members

Becker is affected by the following factors. Charles Curry 's humanity and social order (1902) examine individuals' perceptions of their own through research on children and their imaginary friends. Cooley developed the theoretical concept of imaginative rich social nature of the mirror (Cooley 1902). People imagine their views through the eyes of others in their social circle and form their own judgment based on these imaginary observations (Cooley 1902). The main idea of ​​the lens self is to define themselves according to what society thinks of them (www.d.umn.edu). Abnormal labels have been studied before, Howard Becker is welcomed as a discovery of modern label theory. Founded outsiders: deviation from sociological studies, it is this labeling theory that may be his most important influence on sociology and criminal study. The influence of Becker comes from Cooley 's "mirror self", Mead' s self - internalization theory, and Lemert 's "social constitutionism". Becker believes that biases are based on the reactions and reactions of others to mark individuals. He pointed out that if "a group with a strong social status and status does not mark it", there is essentially no departure behavior. In sociology, label theory is a departure perspective, according to which it is marked as "deviant" and involves people in abnormal behavior. Label theory, born from the study of Howard Becker in the 1960s, explains why people's behavior conflicts with social norms. For example, a teenager living in an urban area where the gang frequently visits may be labeled as a gang member. As a result, youth may start acting like a gang member or become a member. Sometimes people tagged incorporate tags into their self concepts (when a teenager marked as a gang member starts to see himself as a gang member). Some researchers think that there is a high possibility that people with low social status are classified as deviating.

A big problem in our country is the meat label of the country of origin (COO). Imported meat is not indicated as its source, it is a big problem because there is no general packaging and processing method. The United States imports meat from 26 countries. In short, you can buy meat from anywhere in the world by buying a hamburger from a local grocery store. Meat quality of other countries is different from American fleshy. Some of the meat comes from a country like China where it is legal to keep livestock from scratched animals. This lawsuit was brought up in the Federal Court of Spokane in order to reverse the March 2016 decision of the Ministry of Agriculture to revoke the requirement to display imported meat products as country of origin. In the lawsuit, it is claimed that this change made it possible to sell the imported meat as a US product. Prosecutor in charge of the prosecution, David Muraskin of Washington DC stated, "Through this lawsuit, we are developing a policy to prioritize multinational companies over domestic producers and to keep our food supply secret." Until I saw Erin Brockavich's article on the House's vote to abolish the Place of Origin indication, I began to question the quality of the meat I was consuming. I began digging some serious dirt in the meat industry. The more I study, the less I like the serious connection between us and the food we consume. I have no information on countless documentary and torture of animals and lack of ethics in the factory, so I am not going to hunt for abuse of animals. You may have noticed that grandparents are not a good day to buy meat at a supermarket, absorb the sun and pasture on fresh lawn.

Reading the novel "Red Letter", you can see how Puritan society has decided their sinners' brands based on the unethical behavior they committed. They believe that punishing these sinners through shame is an important way for them to pay for the donation of money. Likewise, our gifts are always subject to the same form of branding and labeling. The way to severely punish citizens of the Puritan society is judged by placing them on a publicly humiliating footing. Symbolism in "Red Letter" plays an important role in "Red Letter". Scarlet "A" is used to express sin, pain and happiness. "A" has a different meaning from the original intention to people. The scaffold is used as a place for God to repent and judge. The pearl is another major sign used to remind the red letter. Scarlet "A" is the most important symbol of "red". - "Passion and Evil" in "Red Letter" In the novel "The Scarlet Letter" by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Salem's primitive society eliminates unusual people in any way and commits such persons . However, in society, citizens themselves are not without mistakes. However, in fear of being excluded, they try to hide and contain their passion and all the shortcomings. First, the most important and influential sign in the book is notorious scarlet letters, so the title is "red". In chapter two, Hester left the prison and was wearing the notorious red letter "A". In the first few years of Hester 's punishment, the letter reminded people of shame everyday. In Chapter 5, Hawthorne writes: "... Hester Prynne always feels extremely painful when he feels that he feels this symbol.This place has never been ruthless.Every day is more sensitive due to everyday torture. But as the story develops, this letter means something else for Hester and the people, then in Chapter 18, Hawthorne wrote: "We believe that Hester Prinley believes As it seems, seven years of gangsters and shame seems to be preparing for the present time. " As Hawthorne wrote, Hester's sorry, came, it did not carry out its mission.

Over the centuries there are many detailed and comprehensive theories of child development. There are five main theories, two of which are cognitive theory and socio-cultural theory. A wonderful idea behind macro theory called cognitive theory is to make Piaget and the idea of ​​social and cultural theory was developed by Lev Vygotsky. Each of these scientists has a comprehensive view of the theories they developed. The first major cognitive theorist was Jean Piaget, a Swiss scientist. The main cognitive psychologist you should know is Piaget's cognitive development theory and Piaget at the cognitive development stage. Lev Vygotsky was known for his socio-cultural development theory; Noam Chomsky was known as the father of contemporary linguistics; Jerome Bruner made the word "scaffolding". Our next viewpoint is development perspective. Developmental psychology is a study of changes that learners have made over the long term. The concept of development involves essentially continuous and discontinuous theory. The theory of discontinuity is gradual. The learning and development process includes various stages characterized by qualitative differences in behavior. Theorists who assume a discontinuous theory propose specific start and end periods for each stage. Cognitive development theory of Lev Vygotsky's cultural history focuses on the role of culture in the development of higher psychological functions such as child's speech and reasoning. His theory sometimes is said to have a social and cultural perspective. In other words, this theory emphasizes the importance of society and culture to promote cognitive development. Bigotsky believes that social adults develop children's cognitive development in an intentional and systematic way by participating in challenging and meaningful activities. In this course, we will return to the introduction example to explain the principle of Bigotsky's theory. In our introduction, the father intentionally interacted with the child and helped to understand how to load the building block into the designated hole. Without such help, she will continue to fail. But with her father's meaningful direction, she was able to bring the block successfully.

Many people become wise and miserable by seeing cruel remarks they think are sacred. Jon Krakauer wrote this book and expressed his dissatisfaction with several outdoor opinions on the protagonist Christopher McCandless. This person accused McCandless that he left Alaska without important equipment. In order to prove that he is not a "stupid", he used a tragic appeal, relying on the logo, and relying on the spirit. By comparing Clapall's own life experience and McCandless's views of other people, he gave a few comments and proved that the negative remarks of many people were wrong and others did the same. did. In Jon Krakauer 's novel "Into the Wild", Krakauer tells the story of Chris McCandless. He is looking at different perspectives of the people near him. Although Krakauer personally did not understand Chris McCandless, Krakauer used his opinion and other opinions to help infer the meaning and impact of a crime-free journey. Clackauer will introduce the events in the story to introduce the meaning behind it. These tips will help the reader to summarize the mystery behind Chris McCandless's journey. Author Jon Krakauer tells the story of a young man named Chris McCandless with his novel "Into the Wild". This novel describes a poor but encouraging event that led to the death of Chris McCandless. Jon Krakauer explains the dangerous journey from McCandless to Alaska using vivid images, specific jargon, and suspense. In Chapter 2 of "Entering the Wilderness", Krakow began to explain the unique landscape of Alaska. Krakauer's detailed graphical language makes Alaska realistic. Krakauer added the explanation for the weather and the conclusion for strengthening the image of this chapter from White of Jack London. In this landscape "There are brown spruce forests on both sides of the frozen waterway, the wind covered recently with frost blows off trees" (9). Alaska is described as "wild, savage, cold north wilderness" (9). On May 2, Jon Krakauer published the latest paper on the details of the death of Chris McCandless 24 years ago. McCandless used a 0.22 caliber rifle and 10 pounds of rice in the Alaskan wilderness, he lived over 100 years old, then hunted and foraged, then worked young at the age of 24. The abandoned bus died. His journey became famous for his 1996 book "Going Wild" by Krakow and Shawn Pan was made into a movie in 2007. How did McCandless died since his story first appeared? Krakauer wrote the article about McCandless for the first time in the article on 1993 Outside. He attempted to decide McCandless's assumption from clues to the online commentary, examined his hypothesis in the scientific laboratory, and wrote the periodic feature length. Modify his theory in detail

The three sociological paradigms are symbolic interaction theory, structural functional theory, and conflict theory. The paradigm is a model or framework of observation and understanding that shapes what we see and how it is understood. This means that these three theories are the way we understand sociology. These three theories work at macro level or micro level. The micro- or local level means that the research group is usually an individual in a social environment. Marko or global level refers to economies of scale interaction. There are three major theories: structural functionalism, symbolic interaction, and contradiction. These theories relate to the major aspects of social life, organized group members, interactions, and conflicts. In all three, the conflict seems to be the most direct. Everyone experienced a conflict in life. The main focus of this theory is how the difference between power structure and power affects people's lives (American Catholic University, 2008). According to the conflict theory of Crossman (2013), the role of compulsion and power in creating a social order is emphasized. This arises from the work of Karl Marx, who believes that social division is a competing group for social and economic resources. A prominent sociological theory contrasting clearly with structural functionalism is the conflict theory. Karl Marx is considered the father of conflict theory. Conflict theory believes that society is best understood as a competition, not as a complex competitive system. Society consists of individuals competing for limited resources (eg, money, leisure, sexual partners etc). A broader social structure and organization (eg, religion, government, etc.) reflects resource competition in their inherent inequality, and some people and organizations have more resources (ie power and influence ) And the position of power in society Sociologists develop a theory to explain social events, interactions and patterns. The theory is a description of the proposal for these social interactions. The theory has various scales. Macro-level theories such as structural functionalism and conflict theory attempt to explain how society functions as a whole. Micro theory such as symbolic interaction focuses on interaction between individuals Symbolic interactions are created through the integration of structural functionalism and conflict theory. Specifically, symbolic interactions are a way of promoting social cohesion (structural functionalism) and social change (conflict theory), how "meaning" is developed into interactions, It is designed to make it clear whether it is embedded in Using the example above, you can use symbolic interactions to explain the differences between competition and structural functionalist's educational approach. For example, if people act on the meaning of education, people who believe (or are taught to believe) that education plays an important role in society as a whole hesitate to structure the social structure.

Italian doctor Giuseppe Nacci posted an article at the Gerson Institute Newsletter and "GM foods can destroy the ability to fight physical illness. Recent scientific research has led genetically modified foods to collapse rat immune system ") If you eat GM foods and the rat's immune system is compromised, those who have taken these foods for about 20 years are based on information to prevent health problems You should be able to make a decision. We are scientists and mothers who care about the health of the children and the planet they inherit. Last year, we wrote a letter to a celebrity to run for the GMO and invited them to discuss scientists and farmers their concerns. Today, we are writing about why we are not using GM, especially tags other than GMO and tags other than GMO. The Non-GMO Program (NGP) will provide companies with voluntary pay systems for marking their products as non-GMO products. Despite the overwhelming scientific consensus on the safety of genetically modified organisms, NGP continues to thoroughly evaluate the hypothetical risk of genetically modified organisms. While NGP claims to provide transparency, openness and choice for our food supply, organizations have indicated an intention to eliminate GMO Non-GMO refers to non-GMO. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are new organisms made in laboratories using genetic engineering / engineering techniques. Scientists, consumers and environmental groups say that foods containing genetically modified organisms pose a number of health and environmental risks. In edible plants' genetic modification (or engineering), scientists "reorganize" one or more genes such as bacteria, viruses, animals, plants, etc. from the DNA of other organisms and want to change them. To the DNA of plants. By adding these new genes, gene engineers hope the plants can express genetic related features. For example, genetic engineers transferred genes from bacteria called Bacillus thuringiensis or Bt to maize DNA. Expression of the Bt gene kills the insect protein and the transfer gene allows maize to produce its own insecticide

Mathematics is a type of language. Therefore, it has its own way of communicating information. As mathematical career progresses, we find that when discussing information mathematics becomes increasingly dependent on its own set of symbols. Mark the angle by specifying three vertices of the angle. This angle is not ∠ ​​BAC As long as there is only one angle at this vertex, you can mark the vertex with a one-character angle. Angles can be represented by a single lowercase letter or Greek letter as long as angles are clearly indicated. When using characters to represent triangle edges it is common to mark edges as lowercase letters. The opposite side of the vertex marked with capital letter A is the side marked as small case a. "Hash tags" are used to represent segments of the same length on the chart. Note that the corresponding edge is distinguished by the number of its hash marks. Normally, using a congruent triangle, the names of the triangles will be "spelled" in the corresponding order. The vertex A corresponds to the vertex D, the vertex B corresponds to the vertex E, and the vertex C corresponds to the vertex F, so the triangle ABC matches the triangle DEF. "Hash tags" are used to represent segments of equal length on the chart, but "arcs" are used to represent equal scale angles. As with the hash marker, the corresponding angle is distinguished by circular number. Among all the geometric symbols, the most frequently occurring geometric symbols are said to be circles. In many Native American tribes, the circle is represented by a medical wheel that is the opposite of the four basic compass direction symbols. In the east, the fire in the air, the inspiration for the interior view. . . Life and death are at stake. The classroom teacher's world reflects the medical wheel and attracts him to the center as a maintainer, guide and discoverer. This story comes from that circle You can solve a simple puzzle by displaying and using the geometry DODD to display, mark, and draw geometry DODD correctly in the main geometry recognition environment. Understanding basic spatial relationships DODDS understands words in position and direction according to the instructions ("Put the book on the table"). Use words correctly in position and direction to complete different types of puzzles. Things in the environment about his house, school, grocery store, church, and other parts of the community explain the main views on various occupations of the region.

Companies are responsible for products they manufacture and distribute. In this regard, we examine the ethical impact of product manufacturing on product quality, pricing, labeling, and packaging. In this article I will explain each topic and show that each side of the manufacturing has its own set of factors. The first major aspect of product manufacturing is the quality of products. The company's responsibility is simple. We will develop low-cost, high-quality products that can withstand normal usage limits. Today people put great emphasis on providing product packaging and providing information to consumers. Brands must meet consumer expectations and standards while providing consumers with comprehensive product information. Packaging labels have limitations to provide complete information. For printed labels and packaging, it is limited by the packaging space or label. In most product categories such as foods, health care products, electronic devices, we talk about very small narrow spaces that need to narrow down a lot of content. Usually this means not providing multilingual content In this study, the quality of packaged foods was judged by nutrition labeling. The categories of packaged foods we studied included frozen foods, baby food, tin foods, beverages, cereals / snacks and so on. Different attributes of quality are important for different users. (Packaging) According to Anderson and Anderson (1991), there are two ways to evaluate the quality of packaged food. In other words, consumers can use past experience such as taste, texture, price, brand name, packaging, reliability. Determine the quality of packaged foods. What clues do consumers use to assess the quality of packaged food? When considering the organoleptic evaluation of packaged foods, it is important to consider unique quality clues such as species, fat content, protein, calories, other appearances, and external quality such as price, convenience, You need to consider clues. How do consumers see the quality of packaged food?

Label theorists will explore the ways and reasons why specific behavior is defined as a deviation from crime or behavior and why other such actions are not defined as criminal acts. Therefore, they are also identified as criminals, but they are not. They question the reasons and reasons why certain people are defined as criminals or deviants. Those theorists believe that criminals are not criminals, but are engaged in cheating, but criminals are imposed on them by the criminal justice system and the entire community. From this point of view, the crime itself is not important, it is the response of other people in society to the behavior that is defined as the most important crime. Today's food label can be found in the Food and Drug Cosmetic Act of 1938, the Fair Packaging Labeling Act of 1966, the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990, and the results of many years of legislation, including food in 2006 is. Allergen label and consumer protection law. All of these laws result in complex and confusing standard display requirements. Fortunately, splitting the requirements into a basic set of guidelines makes it easy to design food labels compliant with all relevant regulations, yet persuasively Pharmacy operations are regulated by federal and state laws and regulations. At the federal level, drug approval, labeling and pharmaceutical standards are within the authority of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), but the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) guarantees not to divert ethical drugs for medical uses other than pharmaceuticals . . The pharmacist has to comply with the rules promulgated by these agencies. At the state level, regulations governing pharmacy operations are under the pharmacy committee. The State Pharmacy Council is in charge of managing permission for pharmacists and facilities and lists the regulations on pharmaceutical service. Generally, the supervision scope of the state pharmacy committee is as follows. I. Introduction ................................................. .. ................................................. ... ... ...................... 1 Racial discrimination distorted Reagan's US drug policy. Cracking in the media Enthusiasm for the epidemic caused hysteria. It means supporting his legal and order policy approach to drug use. Despite the use of narcotics similar to white people, illegal Americans became the target of law enforcement officials, and the prison population soared. In 1987, actress Drew Barrymore signed anti-drug drug commitment with First Lady Nancy Reagan - situation as part of the "Just Say No" program in progress Comedian Diff'rent Strokes. The only problem is that Barrymore was still using drugs, much like a celebrity who was recruited for her anti drug work by Mrs. Reagan. Finally, Nancy Reagan's "Just Say No" project was considered a big failure. Children need more than a simple slogan to deal with complex reality.

Microscopic kinetic theory of the behavior of gas and the result of intermolecular interactions in macroscopic relations such as the law of ideal gas In molecular gas studies, the statistical method is a good condition example, providing accurate and reliable results for macro performance of microscopic phenomena. For example, calculate the ideal gas law pressure, volume, temperature very accurately. The average energy related to molecular motion is based on the Boltzmann distribution, and the Boltzmann distribution is a statistical distribution function. However, it is possible to accurately measure the temperature of gas and energy Under the kinetic theory assumption of gas Newton's law can be applied to determine the average force over the vessel wall. This process is based on the premise that collision with the wall is totally elastic This development represents a high average number. It is important to note that the average force of the formula N molecules uses the mean square of the velocity, which is significantly different squared of the average velocity. Under the assumption of the dynamical theory, it is identified that there is an average force of the vessel wall Given the pressure, the wall forced to depend only on the average velocity component towards the wall. However, the whole can be flat, which can represent a moving average, and is assumed to be a random molecular movement Molecular dynamics theory can be used to interpret the results obtained in Graham gas diffusion and bleeding studies. The key to this interpretation is that the average kinetic energy is assumed to be proportional to something else rather than temperature and system particles, the last hypothetical theory theory. In other words, if the average kinetic energy of the particle increase only in case, the system temperature will increase (Also called Movement - Molecular Theory) Gas kinetic theory explains the behavior of the assumed ideal gas. According to this theory, the gas from the fine particles is composed of random linear motion. They quickly and continuously move the collision and collide with the walls occurred. This is the first explanation theory container wall collision gas pressure rather than pressing a static force on another molecule. The theory of gas dynamics also explains how different size particles grant that different individual velocity https://chem.libretexts.org/Textbook_Maps/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Supplemental_Modules_(Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry) /Physical_Properties_of_Matter/States_of_Matter/Properties_of_Gases/Kinetic_Theory_of_Gases/Kinetic_Theory_of_Gases Molecular dynamics theory surprise is that it can be used to derive the ideal gas law. This derivation of the microscopic advocate's movement molecular theory with the ideal gas law is a very obvious macro behavior linked. Deriving beyond the scope of this note, you need to be able to teach the teacher if you are interested Considering their molecular composition and movement kinetic theory provides a deep understanding of the macroscopic nature of the gas. Starting from the definition of momentum and kinetic energy, the conservation of momentum is used, and the macroscopic properties and microscopic characteristics of the system coupled cubic shape to the temperature and pressure of kinetic energy of each molecule is also good. The theory provides an average value of these two characteristics. The theory also explains how to respond to changes in natural gas systems. For example, if there is gas it (theoretically) still completely, its internal energy (temperature) is large, heated from absolute zero. Heating gas, its temperature rises, particle acceleration. It is due to the high temperature associated with collision per unit time of the container, associated high particle velocity. Collision pressure per unit time increases in proportion to the number

Are you confused and have questions? I have an answer. With the Chegg Study, you can solve your problem step by step from experts in the field of problem. If you would like to receive 1: 1 learning assistance, please try Chegg Tutors for a 30-minute free online tutorial. (Evolutionary Biology) The theory that cellular organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells are produced by early endogenous symbiosis between prokaryotic symbiont organisms and eukaryotic host cells. The theory of symbiosis symbiosis is the theory of evolution, assuming that internal symbiosis between prokaryotic and eukaryotic host cells is a means of mitochondria and chloroplast in eukaryotic cells. Supporters of theory believe that larger cells will ingest smaller free cells after about 5 billion years. - Prokaryotes (bacteria) and intracellular prokaryotes exist as symbiotic organisms. The results supporting this theory seems to suggest that mitochondria are derived from proteobacteria (such as SAR 11 clade) 2, while chloroplasts are derived from cyanobacteria (especially nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria) 3 . Other evidence that seems to support this theory are as follows: Mitochondria and plastids can regenerate themselves by a process similar to that of prokaryotic division Mitochondria and plastids have a single loop DNA similar in size and structure but different from nucleus The mitochondria and chloroplast envelope porin are similar to the bacterial cell membrane porin. Cardiolipin is a membrane lipid found only in bacterial cell membranes and mitochondrial inner membranes. One internal symbiosis (unknown) Collins English dictionary - a complete and complete 10th edition. From Dictionary.com [1] 2 "Mitochondria shares an ancestor with SAR 11, an important marine microorganism worldwide." (2011). Obtained from ScienceDaily [http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/07/110725190046.htm] 3 Deusch, O. ; Etc etc (2008). "The gene of the cyanobacterial gene in the plant nuclear genome points to the plastid ancestor that forms heteromorphic cells" Moore Biology Evol 25: 748-761 The theory of symbiosis symbiosis is a unified widely accepted theory about how organelles are produced in living organisms different from eukaryotes. In the theory of internal symbiosis, consistent with the general theory of evolution, all creatures come from a common ancestor. Such ancestry may be similar to bacteria or prokaryotes in which single-stranded DNA is surrounded by the plasma membrane. Over time, the morphology and function of these bacteria have differentiated. Some bacteria acquire the ability to process energy from the environment in a novel way. Photosynthetic bacteria have developed a route to produce sugar from sunlight. Other organisms developed a new way to use this sugar, which is oxidative phosphorylation. And it produces ATP and oxygen from glycolysis. You can then use ATP to supply energy to other reactions within the cell. Internal symbiotic theory involves the origins of mitochondria and chloroplasts, which have bacterial characteristics. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are thought to develop by symbiotic bacteria, especially alpha-proteobacteria and cyanobacteria, respectively. This theory shows that prokaryotic cells are consumed or swallowed by larger cells. Prokaryotic organelles are not consumed for unknown reasons. This lack of consumption will lead to symbiosis of the two cells, thereby obtaining mutually beneficial benefits. As time goes by, the new combination of organelles evolves into complex eukaryotic cells of the day. Internal symmetry theory has been widely accepted as one of the possibilities of mitochondrial, chloroplast and other eukaryotic organelle and cellular origins.

Supervision theory, film production theory, supervision is regarded as the main creativity of the movie. The director's theory, born in France in the late 1940s - called by American film critic Andrew Sarris - is the product of André Bazin and Alexandre Astruc's film theory. As the cornerstone of the French cinema movement, it is called a new wave, a new wave, the director's theory is mainly in the journal of Bazan, Cahiersducinéma (founded in 1951). The two theorists - François Truffe and Jean - Luc Godard later became the main director of the French New Wave The director's theory arises primarily from the interpretation of the concept of Astruc's caméra-stylo ("camera pen"), and the director responsible for overseeing all the audio and visual elements of the movie is " I think that it is often regarded as the author of ". In other words, rather than drawing a line, the information of the movie is transmitted by the basic visual elements such as the arrangement of the camera, the block, the lighting, and the length of the scene. Undeniable Personal Mark Andrew Sarris created the word "auteur theory" to translate politicians' words and was admired for being advertised in American and English media. For the first time, he used a paper on the supervision theory of the 1962 film culture journal. He began applying his method to Hollywood movies and spread his thoughts in his book "American Film: Director and Direction" 1929-1968 (1968). The influence of Saris's work is that the main character of each movie and public attention pay less attention to the star and pay more attention to the whole product. Supervision theory, film production theory, supervision is regarded as the main creativity of the movie. The director's theory, born in France in the late 1940s - called by American film critic Andrew Sarris - is the product of André Bazin and Alexandre Astruc's film theory. As the cornerstone of the French cinema movement, it is called a new wave, a new wave, the director's theory is mainly in the journal of Bazan, Cahiersducinéma (founded in 1951). The two theorists - François Truffe and Jean - Luc Godard later became the main director of the French New Wave Literally means "writer" in French; the term used in film critic refers to French general critical theory introduced by Francois Truffaut during the late 1940s and early 1950s (originally a politician or It is known as writer policy). . Editor of the famous French film magazine Cahiersdu Cinéma (literally "legendary film critic, including theorist Andre Bazin") is definitely the most influential movie magazine in movie history and its thought Was expanded by American critic Andrew Sarris and other people in the 20s followed in the 1960s; the theory is not all participants but movie production and their personal vision, identifiable style, theme and technical responsibility Giving (actors, producers of producers, production designers, special effects) Supervisors control all aspects of film production extensively and give their films their own personal style, so the director (not a script writer The theory thinks that it should be regarded as a "real" author of a movie. Briefly, auteur can refer to a supervisor with an identifiable or signature style.

Behavioral learning focuses on the observation, measurement and change of behavior. Since Watson, Pavlov and Skinner have started this theoretical teacher to train their students better. Using operating conditions, the teacher can use aggressive strengthening to ensure that all students appear in the class. There are some drawbacks to this theory, but all of life has its drawbacks. Behavioral theory thinks that every and all actions can be learning, emotion or other behavior. The basis of this learning is that all actions develop through regulation. Background to behavioral theory I) The theory of behaviorism is done through spoken language. In other words, the main medium of the language is the language. Language is language. Because I learn to talk before learning to read and write, there are lots of languages ​​not written. Then the language is said to the Lord, and what is written continues. This is the reason why spoken English should be advantageous for language education. 2) Behaviorism theory is a habit forming theory of language education and encourages students to learn structure grammar. There are two researchers, Skinner and Watson, who studied the development of language in early childhood and later called behaviorism theory. Therefore, people who believe in this theory with them are called behaviorists. Behavioralists believe that living creatures enter the world as "a state of blank paper". This means that when all the babies are born in this world, they do not have knowledge, they do not know anything and can not do anything. In addition, behaviorists believe that the basic principles of their theories apply to all species. The very important principle of behavioral theory is that the role of the environment is important to prove their theory. They believe that the learning process only occurs when behavior changes. In addition, behaviorist scholars are basically studying the relationship between stimuli and reactions, and they do not study actual psychological processes. They believe that actual learning studies must focus on events that can be observed and measured. Behavioralism theory is strongly applicable to language learning. Behaviorists believe that languages ​​are a series of verbal behaviors learned through operational conditions. Therefore, they believe that learning can be achieved through punishment and strengthening. For example, when a child is learning to speak, he or she may stumble the sound of "Dada". Of course, parents behave very happily, and praise the baby.

Picture of game theory if you are determined by a group of people. Decisions are not always important. They must be important to the current situation. This concept is considered as mathematician's game theory. Game theory is categorized into various kinds of games in the tree. Thomas S. Ferguson of the University of California, Los Angeles, says: In fact, this problem is closely related to game theory and optimization problems. Game theory is to study human conflict and cooperation under competitive circumstances. In several ways, game theory is a strategic science, or at least independent competitive participant's best decision in a strategic environment. The main pioneers of game theory are mathematicians John von Neumann and John Nash, and economist Oscar Morgenstern. Move by Nature is an interesting concept that means making decisions and actions in a wide range of players' games without strategic interest in the results. The effect is to add a "natural" player whose actual effect is to act as a random number generator. For example, if a dealer needs to select a license card in a poker game, the dealer plays the role of a natural player. The focus of game theory is a game that acts as a model of interactive context between rational players. The key to game theory is that the reward of one player depends on the strategy performed by another player. The game identifies the player's identity, preferences and available strategies, and how these strategies affect the results. Depending on the model, various other requirements and assumptions may be required. Game theory revolutionized economics by solving important problems in previous mathematical economic models. For example, neoclassical economics is difficult to understand entrepreneurs' expectations and can not deal with incomplete competition. Game theory focuses from steady equilibrium to market process

Dr. Alpert, social theory bibliography, Harry. Emile Dülkem and Its Sociology New York: Russell & Russell Inc., 1961. Douglas F. Durchem through the challenger Aristotle's lens. Maryland Lanham: Roman and Littlefield Press. 1994 Dürlhem, Emile. Social division of labor New York: Freedom News. 1933. Elliott, Anthony. Modern social theory Malden, MA: Blackwell Press. 1999. Gain, Mike. Radical sociology of Durkheim and Moss In this article I will explain the two social theories of social structure and social process. It will also cover some branches of these theories; collapse theory, strain theory, cultural prejudice, social learning theory, social control theory, and social reaction theory. It will cover several branches and ideas among these sub theories; differential correlation theory, neutralization theory, neutralization technique and social relation theory. It will also study how these theories are trying to explain the phenomenon of gang violence. Social learning theory is a theory that explains the socialization and its impact on self-development. There are many different theories that explain how people become social, such as psychoanalysis theory, functionalism, conflict theory, symbolic interaction theory. Like other people, social learning theory focuses on the social impact on individual learning process, self-organization, and individual socialization. Social learning theory believes that the formation of human identity is a learning response to social stimulation. It emphasizes the social context of socialization rather than personal thought. The theory assumes that the identity of an individual is not the unconscious product (such as the belief of the psychoanalyst theory) but the result of self-imitation that meets the expectations of others. The development of behavior and attitudes is to respond to the strengthening and encouragement of people around us. In social psychology social identity theory studies the interaction between individuals and social identity. Social identity theory is aimed at specifying and predicting how individuals view themselves as individuals or groups of members. The theory also takes into account the impact of personal and social identity on individual perceptions and collective behavior. The theory of social identity evolved from a series of studies (often referred to as minimal group studies) conducted by British social psychologist Henri Tajfel and colleagues in the early 1970s. Participants are assigned to groups designed to be as arbitrary and meaningless as possible. However, if you are asked to assign a score to another research participant, you will be given more systematic points to the members of the group than members outside the group.

What is string theory, and what does it mean for human beings? String theory is a theory aimed at integrating the four powers of nature and explaining the origin of our universe. It is impossible to combine general relativity with quantum mechanics theory before string theory. By using a small vibration energy train of 10 to 33 meters in length, scientists can use the particle accelerator to create all the basic particles we began to discover. Then, using these particles, they can combine two different theories and try to create a universe that may be more perfect than a standard model allows. The reaction of the string theorist is slightly different. Their answer was trying to ascertain whether it closely matches the exactly understood string theory. There is a problem with string theory that string theory can not handle cosmology - it can not handle time dependency. They have not reached this point yet. So they are skeptical about this. They are very interested, but they say they keep silent. "Oh, I think this is in line with string theory. Frankly because they can not say it. Since "yes, this is consistent with string theory", all groups using brain and string ideas have some silence. There is some discomfort. There are some discomfort which is very interesting. There are two very different roles in this field, the narrative cosmology and the more formal mathematical subject, code theory. This is a cultural mismatch One of the major developments of string theory over the past few decades was the discovery of mathematical transformations linking one physics theory to another, a "duality". Physicists who studied string theory have discovered many of these dualities between different versions of string theory. It led to the hypothesis that all consistent versions of the string theory are combined into a single frame called the M theory. It is inside. String theory studies also produced a lot of results on the nature of black holes and the interaction of gravity. Several paradoxes arise when people try to understand the quantum aspects of black holes, and string theory studies attempt to reveal these problems. At the end of 1997, this series of research finally found anti-de Sitter / conformal field theory correspondence or AdS / CFT

Development theory is as complex as the process itself. But one of the main problems revealed in some breakthrough development text is responsibility. The problem is, "Who is responsible for this Kimchi?" It is essential to determine the response to this kimchi. Therefore, you must follow up immediately. It depends on when and when you are writing developing countries and other countries. This article will critically reflect the theory of human development. It contrasts and contrasts the theories of human development and will link these theories with the events of children 3 and older observed in the nursery environment for 6 weeks. It will also evaluate the method of recording used and the knowledge I have learned in relation to the practice of social work. According to the Health and Care Professional Committee (HCPC), (2012), "Guidance of Student's Behavior and Ethics" for confidentiality, the child is named after Eva's pen name. Bronfenbrenner has developed a theory to explain how all aspects of the environment of children and children affect their growth and development. His theory is called ecological system theory and by observing the interactions to various levels of economic and political conditions that influence his or her personal development from family, community, school, I will deal with child's development. Lifestyle He uses the terms Microsystems, exosystem, and macrorosystem. He believes there is an interactive process of interaction as the child is influenced and influenced by his or her environment at every level. (Crawford) There are several types of theoretical child development. Stage theory such as Piaget's stage theory focuses on whether children progress at various stages of qualitative development. Socio-cultural theory like Lev Vygotsky's theory highlights how other people and the attitudes of surrounding culture, values ​​and beliefs affect children's development. Information theory like David Klahr's theory examines the psychological processes that generate thinking at all times and the transient processes that lead to the growth of thinking.

What is closely related to the contextual approach is the so-called accidental theory. Austrian psychologist Fred Edward Federer proposed a leadership contingency theory in the famous article "Accidentality Model of Leadership Effect" in 1964. Contingency theory emphasizes the importance of leader's personality and way of behavior of the leader. Federer and his colleagues study leaders in different contexts, but in their military context, their models are based on their research The task represents the completion of the task and the motive for the relationship represents interpersonal relationships Fiedler uses the lowest priority employee scale (LPC scale) to measure the style of leadership. A leader who gained high scores on this scale is a motivation for human relations and a low score is a task motivation (Northouse, 2007, p. 114) Leadership - Membership, the atmosphere of the entire group and the group's trust in its leaders, dealing with loyalty and self-confidence Position power is related to the authority of leaders' compensation and punishment for group members (Northouse, 2007, p. 114-115). Let's think about: According to these three factors, what is the most favorable and unfavorable situation within the organization? Federer's contingency theory is the qualification or type of contingency theory. Contingency theory generally states that the effectiveness of leadership depends on specific circumstances and has many factors such as the nature of the task, the character of the leader, and the composition of the leadership team. For a more comprehensive discussion of general accident theory, see Emergency Theory. Federer's contingency theory is based on the fact that leaders' personality or psychological orientation is the main variable of leadership, how the teams acquire leaders, the tasks involved, and whether the leaders can actually control the group We will emphasize that we will decide whether or not a guidance-driven arrangement will be achieved. Three main factors of success Hence, values ​​from top priority colleagues (LPC) are added and then averaged to generate scores. As you can see from the example, the high LPC score shows a positive direction for interpersonal relationships. Contingency leadership theory is one of the earliest theories of situational leadership. Fred proposed one of the earliest chanceity theory. E. Fiedler of the 1960's. According to Federer's theory, the effectiveness of the leader depends on how well the style of the leader matches the current situation and task. Federer's pioneering theory shows that a leader belongs to one of two different leadership styles: task-oriented or person-oriented. In certain circumstances, the effect of a person's style depends on the definition of work, the power of the leader, and the relationship between the follower and the leader. It points out that effective leadership depends not only on the style of leadership but also on the control of the situation. Membership, tasks with clear goals and procedures, and ability to punish leaders for punishment - need good leadership. If these three are missing in the right combination and context, it will lead to leadership failure. Fiedler has created the least popular colleague (LPC) scale. I asked one of the leaders what features result from a leader's least liked colleague. For example,

A way to deeply understand the motivational theory helps someone become a better administrator. The word "motivation" comes from the Latin "movere". Motivation is defined as internal thrust that activates behavior and gives direction to it. The term motivational theory refers to the process of explaining the causes and methods of activation and guidance of human behavior. It is considered to be one of the most important research fields in the field of organizational behavior. The act of guiding and controlling groups of people to adjust and balance the group to achieve goals beyond the scope of each individual effort is called management. Incentive theory finds factors that make individuals head towards specific goals and results. Most incentive theories distinguish between internal and external factors. The two greatest motivational theory is the hierarchy of demand theory created by psychologist Abraham Maslow and Frederick Herzberg in 1943. (Two factor theory discovered by Frederick Herzberg). Maslow focuses on the concept of "there is a need for people." In order to increase productivity and self-satisfaction, workers must meet these needs. His level of demand shows that there are five main demands that follow important orders for mankind. The important thing to note is that Maslow thinks that these problems are improving as higher level demand is met. The hierarchy is displayed as a pyramid and starts from the bottom. This is the most necessary thing. In 1943, psychologist Abraham Harold Maslow showed his theory of human motive. His theory is a popular motivational theory that is widespread. Maslow's theory is based on the level of human needs. Maslow believes that human behavior is related to my needs. It adapts to the nature of the needs. In the hierarchy of needs hierarchy, Maslow has identified the human needs of 5 types / sets ranked by importance and priority. He concluded that when a set of needs is fulfilled, it is no longer an incentive. After that, the next requirement set in hierarchical order is replaced. These requirements in the hierarchy can be compared with pyramids. At the lowest level, there is a first set of requirements that can be described as basic requirements and universal requirements. Next is another need The basic human needs hierarchy theory of Maslow (1943) shows the beginning of modern motivational research. According to Maslow, "the integrity of organisms" (p. 159) is the basis of the theory of motivation, motivation acts are the basis for meeting the basic needs through this pathway. All "organic state" is "motivation and incentive" (p.159). Usually, there are multiple motives for action. Each requirement is related to satisfaction or dissatisfaction of other needs. Requirements are assumed to be hierarchical. New human needs often arise when more urgent needs are met than before. According to their strengths, the basic human needs are physiology, safety, love, respect, self-fulfillment. Alderfer (1969) reviews the basic level of Maslow 's human needs through empirical testing of the new human needs theory ERG (existence, correlation, growth) demand theory. Gender Related Motivation Investigation Survey: Subordinate Status, Roles and Stereotypes Nairaska - University of Lincoln at Kay Lynn Kalkowski University

Introduction This document covers those who wish to obtain a postgraduate degree in theoretical physics and want to enter a set of superstring theory and which graduate school mathematics courses they need to complete. Transcendental theory is one of the latest theoretical physics and is a topic in today's society. However, due to the advanced advances in mathematics related to super theory, two forms of graduate school mathematics are required at the forefront of research in this field. In 1995, at the annual meeting of String Theorists of the University of Southern California (USC), Edward Witten announced a speech on string theory. It essentially combined the five string theories that existed at the time to create a new 11 - dimensional theory is called the M - theory. Almost at the same time, Paul Townsend's work also predicted M theory. The series of activities that began at this time is sometimes called the second superstring revolution. In the meantime, Tom Banks, Willy Fischler, Steven Schenker, and Leonard Suskint developed a matrix theory by completely describing M theory completely holographically using the IIA D 0 brain. This is the first definition of string theory, which is completely non-perturbative and is a concrete mathematical realization of the holographic principle. This is an example of the duality of gravity and is now understood as a special case of AdS / CFT. The reaction of the string theorist is slightly different. Their answer was trying to ascertain whether it closely matches the exactly understood string theory. There is a problem with string theory that string theory can not handle cosmology - it can not handle time dependency. They have not reached this point yet. So they are skeptical about this. They are very interested, but they say they keep silent. "Oh, I think this is in line with string theory. Frankly because they can not say it. Since "yes, this is consistent with string theory", all groups using brain and string ideas have some silence. There is some discomfort. There are some discomfort which is very interesting. There are two very different roles in this field, the narrative cosmology and the more formal mathematical subject, code theory. This is a cultural mismatch

Let's say you have walked through the woods and saw a bear that looks normally. This encounter avoids your sunshine, you started running for your loving life. Are you running for fear or are you afraid of running? This example and question comes from a study by William James, one of the first psychologists who presented a formal answer to the question of how the auto-reply function is related to emotional experience. James think you are afraid because you ran. He said your running and other physiological reactions come directly from the bear 's view. The above emotional theory of Panksepp (5, 114) can be re-understood as primary emotion theory. In his view, the state of the central phenomenon of emotional consciousness such as fear is a congenital experience that human and other mammals generate from evolutionarily preserved subcortical circuits. These states are described as "hidden programs (potentially unconscious possibilities)", "emotion - perception and emotional state" (115, 116). Although they are "lack of introspective consciousness", they gave them "a special emotion". Then, through cognitive processing of the cortical circuit (perhaps GNC), you can access and rethink that state. There is amazing similarity between the theory of Panksepp and the Block distinction between phenomena and access consciousness. Emotions and emotions are the most important events in our lives, but the relationship between emotional theory in cognitive science and new conscious theory is relatively small. In this paper, we challenge the traditional view that emotions are essentially programmed in subcortical circuits, suggesting that emotions are higher order states instantiated in cortical circuits. We believe that the difference between emotional and non emotional experiences lies in the type of input processed by the cortical network, not the cortex or other cortex. Higher order theory provides high order theoretical correction, which is the main consciousness theory which interprets self recognition and then allows to extend the model to explain conscious emotional experience. The Cannon bar's emotional theory, also known as Taramic's emotional theory, is the physiological interpretation of emotions by Walter Cannon and Philip Bird. According to Cannonbird theory, we feel emotion, experience physiological responses such as perspiration, tremor, muscle tension. For example, suppose you are entering a car through a dark parking lot. You hear the footsteps behind you, and when you walk toward your car you will find a shadowy appearance slowly following you. According to the emotional theory of Cannonbird, you will experience both fear and physical response. You start to feel afraid, and your heart begins to compete. You rush into the car, lock the door behind you, and hurry home from the parking lot.

Introduction John Bowlby developed his attachment theory to investigate and explore the background and behavioral responses between children and their carers. He explained this as "to conceptualize human tendencies, make strong family bonds with specific others, and explain personality disorders in a variety of ways, including anxiety, anger, depression and emotional detachment. Loss will increase "(Bowlby, 1979, p. First, attachment theory explains the formation of the relationship between the two words attachment itself refers to the emotional bond between the two. Bowlby's attachment theory is born from the observation of mammals and humans of infants when they rob the primary caregiver. I noticed the evolutionary quality of specific behavior, such as crying or searching as an adaptive response to the separation of attached images (Fraley, 2010). There are various opinions about attachment theory. The first and most famous view of attachment theory is J. Bowlby known as the father of attachment theory. He believes that attachment begins in infancy and lasts a lifetime, and there are several innate behavior control systems necessary for survival and fertility. The attachment and exploration system is at the center of his attachment theory (Elliot & Reis, 2003). The baby first establishes a strong relationship with their primary caregiver and they will be the foundation for exploration for the baby. It is the natural behavior of the baby to explore new things, but if the child explores and becomes dangerous or frightened, the primary caregiver becomes the basis of safety. Attachment Theory Attachment theory conveys the initial meaning and development of attachment between an infant and a mother. Attachment can be defined as a strong emotional connection with specific people. The deposition process can be divided into pre-deposition, differentiation and non-differentiation, and multiple deposition stages. Separation of anxiety indicates a particular attachment development. - The fixed pattern determined in the development of life may be because it applies to the relationship with others (Boyd, 2015, p. 130), in the personal meaning of forming a safety " It is understood as an emotional bond. Studies conducted in 2007 found that establishing a reciprocating behavior model called synchronization is extremely important for the development of attachments (Boyd, 2015).

Both Markus 's theory and Weber' s theory, Karl Marx and Max Weber provide an effective way for social classes in modern capitalist society, but there is a big difference between them. A capitalist society is a society in which private ownership of "production materials" is the main form that provides what is necessary for survival. The difference between capitalism and other social types is to emphasize property rights and the right to use capital when the individual owner thinks it is appropriate. Marx's economics arises from the work of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. The school focuses on labor value theory and Marx's view on capital exploitation work. Therefore, in Marx 's economics, labor theory of value is a measure of labor exploitation not only in price theory but also in capitalist society. Ricardo socialism is part of the classic economic thought of the early 19th century, the fact that labor is the source of all wealth and exchange value, the fact that rent, profit, and interest represent free market distortion It is based on. Their capitalist exploitation theory before Marxism developed by them was largely influenced by the work of David Ricardo and widely thought to support collective possession of production means. Many new Marxists tried to adapt Marxist theory to the economic reality of contemporary capitalist society. Harry Brafferman (1974) argues that labor processes and exploitation of workers are fundamental elements of Marx's theory. In modern society, few people have means of production, so most people, including physical laborers and most white-collar workers and service workers, are forced to sell their workforce. According to Braverman, capitalistic control and exploitation, as well as mechanization and rationalization will expand worker control (Ritzer, 2008).

In Aristotle's ethics, the ultimate game of the individual is to realize Udaemonia by fully realizing his possibilities and living a good life. As I thought that the concept of eudaimonia was very interesting, I noticed that many moral theories regard happiness as a moral measure and that Kantism is not so. He is an excellent theorist. Kantoism is a philosophical theory created by a man named Emmanuel Kant. According to Emmanuel Kant or Kantism, his theory emphasizes the modern position and deals with spiritual philosophy, epistemology and ethics. - On September 3, 1929, James "Whitey" Bulger was born into an Irish American family in Dorchester, Massachusetts (traditional.com, 2015). As the first child of the six children, White is not usually a noticeable feature, especially as parents continue to produce more children as they get older. As he and his brothers grew, it was clear that the intelligence of White was different from that of young boys. Korsgaard is more interested in the perspective of non-ideal Kant and ideal Kant of Kant. If all of us live in a society that keeps the rules and has good intentions, the ideal Kant theory is a way that we are obliged to be allowed to act. This theory explains how to request defects and incomplete, but excellent people to show each other. On the other hand, the non-ideal Kant theory differs from each other. It explains the actions that we need to show, although many of us have in good faith Utilitarianism and Kantian Ethics can be defined as "consciously reflecting our moral belief, with the aim of improving, expanding or completing these beliefs in some way." Two theories on the essence of human ethics In this article, I explain how and why Kant's moral theory and utilitarianism differ, why Kant's theory thinks to provide a more rational ethical assertion I will explain. Replacing Natural Law Theory and Social Contract The sanctity of government authority and individual rights is based on measuring its usefulness or happiness. As an egalitarian doctrine, everyone has equality of happiness, utilitarian rationality and relatively direct nature provide an attractive model for democratic governments.

What is chaos theory? What is chaos theory? According to many scientists such as Edward Lorenz, Ian Stewart, Robert May, chaos theory means the same thing. Each of these scientists has contributed to the science of chaos theory. The first and most important theory of chaos itself comes from a seemingly semi-dangerous way that seems to happen with those equations, but the chaos theory is actually a similarity between these seemingly random events of the equation It is about finding. . Meteorologist Edward Lorenz discovered this theory when he did a weather forecast calculation on his computer. "Chaos theory is a field of mathematics that focuses on dynamic system behavior that is very sensitive to initial conditions." Chaos is an interdisciplinary approach that shows a potential pattern in the apparent randomness of chaotic complex systems. Theory ... Butterfly effect represents that a small change in the state of a deterministic nonlinear system may cause big differences in later states, such as flinching feathers in Brazil causing a Texan tornado I will. - Wikipedia Many of us identify the whole chaos theory as the effect of the famous butterfly, but one of the steps, the one in chaos theory is the effect of the famous butterfly. Of course the butterfly effect is the most common aspect of chaos theory, deeply drilling down on human psychology and presenting some hints on fate, luck, causation, and even religious doctrine. This is attractive and certainly challenging. The problem of fate, the control of the past and the future, the power of the greater God, and, most importantly, the extent to which you can control your destiny. Chaos theory is research on mathematics, science, philosophy. Lorentz is interested in creating formulas to better predict weather patterns. However, the meaning of chaos theory far exceeds the meteorological system. Certainly, it should be assumed that chaos is the rule governing life. Therefore, the history of all mankind is trying to contain, guide and understand chaos. Basically there are inherent contradictions. If chaos is truly random and exceeds predictability, it is equally impossible to include or instruct it. However, if you try to accept this idea like Lorenz, you can find a pattern in chaos. Why do not you analyze seemingly random events and further explore the possibility of studying predictive behavior and results? Edward Lorenz, the father of contemporary chaos theory, announced his theory to further analyze and predict the weather system. The weather is inherently chaotic, turbulent, rapid and constantly evolving. This is a real chaotic event, indeed, many advances in the decoding of weather patterns can directly follow the technological progress in introducing weather forecasts with chaos theory. Many of us identify the whole chaos theory as the effect of the famous butterfly, but one of the steps, the one in chaos theory is the effect of the famous butterfly. Of course the butterfly effect is the most common aspect of chaos theory, deeply drilling down on human psychology and presenting some hints on fate, luck, causation, and even religious doctrine. This is attractive and certainly challenging.

In human development, learning or behavior theory follows the view that the focus of psychology should be behavior, that is, our behavior style. Behaviorists place values ​​on attributes that people can see and learn, not invisible attributes such as thoughts, emotions, and other brain activities that occur unknown to others (Craig & Dunn, 2010 Year, p.14). There are three important behavior theories or learning theorists of modern times: Ivan Pavlov, John Watson, and B. F. Skinner. However, as William Crain said, John Locke is "father of environmentalism and learning theory" despite Ivan Pavlov and B. F. Psychology theory of learning has been included in many fields such as nursing. The three prominent learning theories are behavior theory, cognitive learning theory and social learning theory. Behavior theory traditionally focuses on reinforcement and punishment as a learning method and cognitive theory focuses on psychological expression and model as a learning tool Bandra's social learning theory focuses on modeling and modeling learning I am counting on you. The following three studies Behavioral psychology is also called behaviorism and learning theory based on the idea that all actions are acquired through conditions. In the first half of the 20th century, behavior theory dominated psychology as advocated by famous psychologists such as John B. Watson and B. F. Skinner. Today, behavioral technology is still widely used in the treatment environment to help clients learn new skills and behavior. The theory of humanistic psychology spread in the 1950s. Early theories tend to focus on abnormal behaviors and psychological problems, but instead humanistic theory emphasizes human fundamental strengths. Among the major humanist theorists include Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. In this article we will explore the influence of Albert Bandura 's sociological practice theory on psychology. Bandura uses behavior theory and extends it to include other aspects of human experience. This does not happen alone, but it is influenced by behaviorism and other factors of other psychologists. Bandura's social learning theory has also opened up new ideas for developmental psychology that can be applied to workplace learning. - Self-reflection in the field of social work calls for workers to contemplate themselves. By so doing, it can help workers better understand his or her own emotions and thinking processes from which these emotions come from.

In my opinion, as mentioned by activists first, the mental state is not behavioral. Behaviorism is mainly to solve the defects of material dualism and to propose ways to solve physical and mental problems. Since then, many other philosophical ideas have provided alternative solutions to thinking - physical problems and reveal weaknesses in behaviorism. Behaviorism believes that behavioral trends tend to respond to specific stimuli. For example, when a person faces a tiger, that person is disposed of, runs away, crying for help, claiming "there is a tiger." This is a so-called mental state, exciting and relevant The idea that the state of mind is the state of the brain is called the identity theory of the mind. In the theory of identity there are two, in the theory of type recognition, the state of mind is considered to be the same as the state of the brain, and in the theory of symbolic identity, the state of mind is related to the state of the brain. Putnam attacks the type recognition theory in "the essence of the state of the mind", if the mental state is a function, the type recognition theory assumes that animals with the same mental state need to have the same brain structure He pointed out. He thinks this is unlikely, and it is highly likely that animals will carry out similar overall functions but have functional systems with different functions. In other words, if conscious experience is assumed to be a set of functions, then token identity theory is more likely than type identity theory. In this article, we briefly introduce three different theories that can be used to explain the relationship between identity and material environment, namely social identity theory, local identity theory, and identity process theory. Local identity theory made a positive contribution to the field of psychology and emphasized the influence of the physical environment on identity. However, few studies support this theory, the details of which are not related to other psychological identity theory. Mainstream psychology does not know anything about the physical environment, but processes described in social identity theory and identity process theory can also be used to explain the relationship between identity and location. Others say that general identity theory can be used to explain the regional relevance of identity and develop further, it can unify and expand knowledge in the environment and mainstream psychology believe. Introduction · Dr. Rapagado Howi of Environmental Psychology. Faculty of Architecture and Art, Norway Trondheim University

Trust and distrust (18 months after birth) Failure - There is a problem with doubtful, personal relationship Identity and role confusion (12 - 20 years old) Failure - rebellion, substance abuse, children's game behavior Familiarity and isolation (18-25 years old) fail - immature emotions may deny the need for personal relationship Unsuccessful generation and stagnation (21 - 45 years old) - I can not point attention to anyone other than self Honesty and despair (45 years old - death) failure - difficulties of aging and death, feeling of hopelessness (2-4 years) Think about psychological images, symbolic games, develop your own language (4-8 years) self-centered (8 - 12 years old) Improving logical thinking, improving moral judgment, and logical improvement of digital and spatial functions (12 years old - adult) acquire adult logic, reasoning, future plan, concept, or abstract thinking Empathy, respect, truth, concreteity, conflict, self-disclosure, immediacy of relationship, self-quest Development theory provides a set of guiding concepts and concepts to describe and explain human development. Some developments focus on the formation of specific qualities, such as the theory of moral development of Kohlberg. Like Ericsson's theory of psychosocial development, other development theories focus on the growth that occurs throughout the life cycle. The developmental theory includes psychoanalysis theory, learning theory and cognitive theory. These theories attempt to explain much of human behavior, but in the face of modern research these theories are often considered to be outdated and incomplete. Psychologists and researchers often use macro theory as the basis for exploration, but also consider smaller theory and recent research. Development theory suggests a systematic approach to thinking about human beings from infants to young people, from adults to the elderly, and how to carry out the changes they experienced in this experience. Different developmental theories account for different types of changes. Jean Piaget's influential theory explains how people's intellectual development evolves over time. The theory of Lawrence Kolhberg explains the evolution of morality as people grow, and the theory created by Eric Erikson and Robert Kegan explains the change of self identity and nature with maturity . We explained in detail the early human development at our children's development theme center, and you may want to see it for a while. In this article, we compare and contrast the three development theories learned through the course, social learning theory, psychoanalysis theory, and psychosocial theory. Development theory helps to understand children 's behavior, and some may seem very different, but they can share many similarities. These theories help people understand the progress of their childhood and the different stages they occur. These three theories help parents understand what happens at various stages of their child's life. Discuss important concepts of these theories and how they can help children's cognitive, physical and emotional development. In addition, better understanding your child's development helps you to help and help your child maximize their potential at all stages.

Type theory is used in movie research to promote movie classification. The type depends on various factors such as the story, the supervisor, the expectation of the audience. When using genre theory, we have created a shortcut to the way to explain the movie. The genre theory used thereby is a way to shorten academic research Let's see some examples to understand types. As we talk about the West, we know in this movie episode that we may find gun battle, horses and Indians, lonely cowboys, and to some extent the actors and directors of these movies ing. Another example is to see horror movies. The audience going to see those movies expects to see zombies, wolves, wolves and others. They are also expecting a certain style of some content and filmmaking When marketing and learning movies, it is important to understand the target audience. For example, when studying classics like Gilda, we have to consider the time and crowd of filmmaking. It is made after the Second World War and I know that the role of women is changing. It redefines social structure, so it is an important factor for the audience at the time. An important part of type theory is to know the period to shoot. This is especially important when considering which technology to use. In today 's high - speed movie (short exposure time), the movie may emit light that is quite different from it 20 years ago. The rhythm and rhythm of a movie may change as the editor advances. The core value that we believe is not important to us when watching a particular movie may be the most important for modern people in the film. Type theory is a very good way to make a movie for producers and then for viewers. It became a sign to mark a movie some people might want to see. In particular, we may notice a teenage movie type. It is a type that is divided into many subtypes, such as spoofing. If all the movies are the same, you can easily learn type theory and define which movies will be easier. Unfortunately, it is far more complicated than this. When I look at various movies and analyze it found out that there are similarities in other respects, but it is quite different. It creates the need for genre theory which constantly redefines itself based on technology, spectators, political information, and many other variables. As the audience evolved, action movies several years ago may have been a very slow-paced movie, such as Western movies and action movies, according to today's standards. [Montage theory and editing] [Genre theory] [Movie Arts] [Some thoughts on movies] [About the future of media] [Amelie Pullin] [MASH] [L'auberge Espagnole] [Alinghi - Inside Story: Documentary Commentary] Type Theory: Romeo and Juliet Edward Mint Ashford University ENG 225: Introduction of Flim Rosalinda Ortiz May 9, 2015 Type Theory: Romeo and Juliet type theory is a term used to describe movie classification and order. Type theory attracts a variety of factors such as supervisory face orientation, audience expectation. When using genre theory, we produce insufficient tears when explaining the cloudy days. - "Romeo and Juliet" "Romeo and Juliet" is fully compiled in Shakespeare's prelude music. "In a fair place in Verna, both families have dignity in our scene, against the new rebellion, the blood of the people defiled the hands of the people.The fatal waist of these two enemies , A pair of stars crossed a life enthusiast "(Universal, 1996) Literature genre research is a structuralist approach to research on genre and genre theory in literary theory, cinema theory and other cultural theory. In this way the type of study examines the structural elements found in telling the story and finds the pattern in the set of stories. Type occurs when these elements (or symbol codes) begin to convey unique information. Linguistic studies best explained by two literary schools, systematic functional linguistics, or "SFL" that the scholars believe that the language structure is an integr

Control theory, abnormal theory, strain theory is based on the assumption that human beings work, and provides a totally different interpretation of the causes of people's crimes. Control theory believes that humans are naturally attracted to the law. Humans are being moved to satisfy their needs and desires. Crime provides a way for humans to achieve their goals. Therefore, the control theorist will ask why everyone does not rely on crime to meet their needs and needs. The problem shifts from the typical cause of people's crime to why people do not commit a crime (Cullen and Agnew, 2011). Strain theory is derived from the work of Durkheim and Merton, resulting from the theory of abnormality. Durkheim focused on reducing social control and pressure on the individual level, but Merton analyzed the cultural ties between individuals and social standards. Abnormality can be divided into two different levels. The first of these levels is the macro aspect of the anomaly. This is evident in social capacity to set limits on social norms and targets, and ultimately to control individual behavior. The microscopic aspect of abnormalities, also known as strain theory, focuses on the motivation for greater deviation probability from the collapse of society. According to the microscopic aspect of this anomaly, the reduction of social control creates more desire to pursue abnormal behavior (Agnew & Passas, 1997: 2-3). Control theory, abnormal theory, strain theory is based on the assumption that human beings work, and provides a totally different interpretation of the causes of people's crimes. Control theory believes that humans are naturally attracted to the law. Humans are being moved to satisfy their needs and desires. Crime provides a way for humans to achieve their goals. Therefore, the control theorist will ask why everyone does not rely on crime to meet their needs and needs. - I am late for madness. Many people believe that madness is an excuse for criminals trying to avoid being sentenced to prison many times. This may apply for a while, but this is rarely effective. In court, the defendant's mental intelligence does not matter. The jury focuses on the psychological ability of the defendant in crime

Theft is to unintentionally intentionally acquire the property of others without the owner's consent. Theft requires that physical factors are negligent. That is, the defendant forever deprives the property owner or infringes ownership of the owner seriously. Deceptive fraud is the intentional use of false statements made by individuals through words and actions and it is unfair to themselves or others by transferring benefits to the victims or harming the victims I want the profit. The general principles of human body research thought to be effective and binding force include (1) avoiding damage as much as possible, or at least minimizing harm, (2) interclass or between members of the same class Treatment that provides fairness by avoiding discrimination; (3) respecting the integrity of human subjects by requesting informed consent. Another principle related to the immediate problem is to respect the human nature of the fetus. It is noteworthy that these three principles generally agree with the three principles of the Belmont report, namely goodwill, justice, and people's respect. According to paragraph (3), as long as the informed consent can be obtained, the director seems to say that the integrity of the human subject is respected. I think that this is only one of many important factors that respect research themes. The committee members continued to point out that with respect to the fetus, the human nature of the fetus must also be respected. It is justice. In the judicial principle, the choice of subject matter must be the result of a fair selection process and fair selection results must be obtained. "Fairness" in subject selection includes both the subject as an individual and the subject of being a member of a social, racial, sex or ethnic group. Regarding individual status, they should not be chosen because they are preferred by researchers or because they are despised (eg people who are "unwelcome" involved in risk research). In addition, "social justice" means the preferred order of selection of subject categories (eg, adults in front of children), and certain potential objects (eg, psychiatric patients or prisoners in the facility) Participate as an object, if any, under certain conditions. "

Increasingly politically correct democratic society - dealing with equality and consequences tends to shadow individual results - characteristic leadership theory survived successfully. Characteristic theory is not related to the context of a specific leader or the context of the organization, but it relates only to the person in charge or to the woman. Essentially, property theory suggests that potential leaders and great leaders proved to be successful are best analyzed in a vacuum. Early in the 20th century, great theory evolved into property theory. ("Characteristics" are widely used here to refer to people's general characteristics such as ability, motivation, patterns of behavior.) Characteristic theory is that the leadership characteristics are genetic or acquiring I will not assume. They simply argue that the characteristics of leaders are different from those of non-leaders. Characteristics such as height, weight, and physique are greatly affected by heredity, but other things such as industry knowledge depend on experience and learning. In psychology, property theory (also called trend theory) is a way to study personality. Characteristic theorists will focus on measurements of behavior that can be defined as behavior patterns, thoughts, and emotions. According to this view, a feature is an aspect of personality, it is relatively stable over time and individuals are different (for example, some people are extroverted but others are not). Function is contrasted with state, state is a more transitive trend The first theory used to analyze forest A Gump character is feature theory. According to this theory, actions that affect the feelings of individual personality have specific characteristics and characteristic patterns. In addition, this may affect individual behavior and response to certain aspects of life (Jordan, 2011). The theory also suggests that this characteristic behavior and emotional pattern are constant for a particular individual. This theory can be easily applied to character analysis of Forest A - Gump. This is mainly because the movie knows that the forest has many invariant features and characteristics in the movie. There are many theories that can be applied to the various situations that occurred in the history of the Americas. The two theories selected in this thesis are characteristic theory, under psychology the psychology is "personality anomalies", psychological characteristics are the key to determining antisocial behavior. The theory is a tentative way to explain something. "It consists of a series of assumptions, concepts, relationships, and logic that explain phenomena of interest (Johnson & Kruse, 2009)" Theory comes from science and research, the theory of theory / theory is that To understand and control the world we live in. Education is full of theory (Johnson, 2015) The theory can be normative or explanatory

The three sociological paradigms are symbolic interaction theory, structural functional theory, and conflict theory. The paradigm is a model or framework of observation and understanding that shapes what we see and how it is understood. This means that these three theories are the way we understand sociology. These three theories work at macro level or micro level. The micro- or local level means that the research group is usually an individual in a social environment. Marko or global level refers to economies of scale interaction. There are three major theories: structural functionalism, symbolic interaction, and contradiction. These theories relate to the major aspects of social life, organized group members, interactions, and conflicts. In all three, the conflict seems to be the most direct. Everyone experienced a conflict in life. The main focus of this theory is how the difference between power structure and power affects people's lives (American Catholic University, 2008). According to the conflict theory of Crossman (2013), the role of compulsion and power in creating a social order is emphasized. This arises from the work of Karl Marx, who believes that social division is a competing group for social and economic resources. A prominent sociological theory contrasting clearly with structural functionalism is the conflict theory. Karl Marx is considered the father of conflict theory. Conflict theory believes that society is best understood as a competition, not as a complex competitive system. Society consists of individuals competing for limited resources (eg, money, leisure, sexual partners etc). A broader social structure and organization (eg, religion, government, etc.) reflects resource competition in their inherent inequality, and some people and organizations have more resources (ie power and influence ) And the position of power in society Sociologists develop a theory to explain social events, interactions and patterns. The theory is a description of the proposal for these social interactions. The theory has various scales. Macro-level theories such as structural functionalism and conflict theory attempt to explain how society functions as a whole. Micro theory such as symbolic interaction focuses on interaction between individuals Symbolic interactions are created through the integration of structural functionalism and conflict theory. Specifically, symbolic interactions are a way of promoting social cohesion (structural functionalism) and social change (conflict theory), how "meaning" is developed into interactions, It is designed to make it clear whether it is embedded in Using the example above, you can use symbolic interactions to explain the differences between competition and structural functionalist's educational approach. For example, if people act on the meaning of education, people who believe (or are taught to believe) that education plays an important role in society as a whole hesitate to structure the social structure.

In the world of Rome, reputation and personality are powerful concepts. People can be promoted to a shame which stands out or worsens through their reputation. Some people are trying to nurture images to suit their own purposes, others are ruined by critics. After discovering conspiracy, suspicious participants may be punished by victims deemed worthless. However, due to the practical difficulties in this field and the importance of remembering conspiracies, conspiracy is likely to slander his or her reputation and remove heritage from there. (A) conspiracy conspiracy theory, it is useful to distinguish (b) reject conspiracy theory, (c) the so-called fraud conspiracy theory, and (d) open conspiracy theory. I will give examples of each. These are all explanations of political events and refer to plots that are often (intentionally or so-called) secret intentional acts, especially conspiracy theories. (A) Watergate Incident Theory is an example of a guaranteed (and true) conspiracy theory. The theory reveals that President Nixon was indirectly involved in the water gates of the Democratic National Committee headquarters of Watergate. The conspiracy theory of Freemasonry is a conspiracy theory including Freemason, and such conspiracy theory has been described since hundreds of late 18th century. Generally, these theories are divided into three different categories. Politics (entertainment usually, is a popular) (usually, especially in the United States and United Kingdom, including the allegations of government control), religion (usually, anti-Christian or Satanic beliefs or a claim of convention) and the culture. Many conspirator writers associate Freemason (and Knights Templar) with devil worship; these ideas are based on different interpretations of the doctrine of these organizations. Conspiracy theory can be a sound way to learn openness and it can be the focus of reviewing power. As the secret of the dollar agreement between the United States and Saudi Arabia, which was cited at the beginning of this article, a lot has been called the conspiracy theory that has been now known as fact conspiracy. However, unlike the cynicism about all of the power structure of the United States, the Russians lie as truth and virtue of the model, claiming the overthrow of torture, and the government of the CIA, helped tilt the democratic person Cooperate with the same group of faithful. Their theory did not scrutinize power; it protected it. Instead of keeping their conspiracy theories rude, they turned it into a fanatical and noncritical cult. As one reader says, they are comets off the heavenly gate.

"Cities in emerging developing countries are old and new comparative studies, rural survivors, and innovative technologies in the west.This combination can be seen not only by people but also by residents of these cities." Breese, 1969) When discussing whether modern society represents the "progress" of traditional society, we have returned to one of the earliest foundations of modernization theory. In short, the traditional society often has "primitive", "retrograde", "hard social structure" and its economy is said to be limited to "rural and agricultural level". It is said that these characteristics adversely affect development. Development theory is a collective or collective vision of the theory about the best way to achieve ideal social change. These theories use various social science fields and methods. In this article I will explain various theories and the latest developments of these theories. According to the theory being studied, there are various interpretations about the development process and its inequalities. Analysis of Rostow model is a national level analysis. The model is influenced by the country's innovation activities, looking at national economic development. Wallerstein's three-part world system theory is an analysis at the international level. It focuses on the characteristics of the three parts of the world and the international relations between the various parts. Wallerstein's three-part world system theory is a socialist opinion because it gives priority to differences in position and conflict. Development theory is an interdisciplinary approach to promote domestic economic growth. Development theory spread after the Second World War when the former colony won independence but lacked institutions and knowledge to participate in the world economy without a colonial ruler. Development comes from the first country in the world. The driving force is that economic growth leads to a positive development of people's daily lives. However, with the development of the world economy, development theory has become like a new form of colonialism. Organizations such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund have weakened state sovereignty by implementing structural adjustment programs in developing countries. These SAPs are derived from neoliberal liberal market principles, ignoring the history of European and American capitalism and ignoring the general well-being of the people.

The lifespan of care can not be summarized as an aspect of time, but from the initial medical evidence to the constant change of modern medicine and the period of development. The whole medical field including nursing skills never stops when new technologies are introduced, and there has never been a moment to put the future research into practice. "Virginia Henderson says," Not all nursing theories are unique nursing theory, many of which borrow and share with other fields. The theory developed by Neumann, Watson, Perth, Orlando, and Pepla is regarded as a unique nursing theory. Nurses borrowed theories and concepts derived from the relevant science to explain and explore the unique phenomena of care. The meticulous attention theory has the broadest scope and presents general concepts and propositions. This level of theory can provide reflection on practice and useful insight, but it is not designed for empirical testing. This limits the use of large-scale care theory to guide, interpret and predict care in certain situations. However, these theories may include concepts that can be used for empirical testing. This level of theory relates to all treatment examples. The scope of the midrange nurse theory is narrower than the big nurse theory and provides an effective bridge between big nurse theory and nursing practice. They propose lower levels of concept and abstraction, leading theoretical research and nursing practice strategies. Compared to macro theory, one of the outstanding features of the mid-term theory is that the midrange theory is clearer and verifiable through testing. The function of middle layer theory includes description, interpretation or prediction of phenomena. The theory of the intermediate range is straightforward and generally takes into account a limited number of variables and limited reality.

The game theory is said to have been introduced by Emile Borel in 1921. Borel is a French mathematician who published a paper on game theory. From this point of view, according to the article "game theory", Borel can be called "the first mathematician devising an organized game system" and evidence that Borel did not develop his idea any further there is. That's why most historians admire John von Neumann. Von Neumann was born in Budapest, Hungary in 1903. When reading about encryption currency, game theory does not expect you to encounter. After all, is it really accompanied by "game" or "theory"? The theory of cryptographic currency game exists and you can see that it is indispensable for understanding. This is especially true if you are trying to analyze the security of these cryptographic currencies and to invest this in the best possible way. Since Satoshi Nakamoto established Bitcoin in 2008, the field of encryption currency continues to grow at a very fast pace. Within 10 and 10 years, there are 877 kinds of encryption currencies (as of June 15, 2017), each with its own distinctive features and value propositions. It is almost impossible for the degree of cryptographic economic development to catch up. In addition, many people inevitably question the safety and incentives of these coins to exchange millions of dollars worth of tokens a day. In fact, this problem is closely related to game theory and optimization problems. Game theory is to study human conflict and cooperation under competitive circumstances. In several ways, game theory is a strategic science, or at least independent competitive participant's best decision in a strategic environment. The main pioneers of game theory are mathematicians John von Neumann and John Nash, and economist Oscar Morgenstern. Move by Nature is an interesting concept that means making decisions and actions in a wide range of players' games without strategic interest in the results. The effect is to add a "natural" player whose actual effect is to act as a random number generator. For example, if a dealer needs to select a license card in a poker game, the dealer plays the role of a natural player.

Skill theory derives from obvious defects of the Trait method; the function is relatively fixed. This means that property theory is not particularly useful for nurturing new leaders with these characteristics. Skill theorists try to discover the skills and abilities that make leaders work. As with characteristic theory, skill theory focuses on leaders and focuses on the characteristics that leaders enable. The two main theories developed from the skill method are Katz's three skill methods and Manford's leadership skill model. The three skill approaches assert that three skills are needed for effective leadership: technical, human, and conceptual skills. Technical skills are people who are familiar with specific activities and types of work. Human skills mean that you can work with people, but conceptual skills mean you can use a wide range of concepts and ideas. Three skill methods, all skills are important to the leader, but its importance depends on the organization level of the leader. As leaders move beyond organizational levels (low to high), the importance of skills changes from technical to human. The leadership skill model outlines the five elements of complexity and effective leadership, ability, personal attributes, leadership outcomes, occupational experience, and environmental impacts over the three skill approach. Effective leadership depends on how the leader's ability is influenced by leader attributes, experience, and environment. Perhaps the most useful advantage of skill theory is that it places effective leadership performance on learning (and learnable) skills rather than characteristics. In this way, anyone can earn leadership. It is not a method of characteristics, but certain innate abilities (such as motivation and cognitive abilities) are still included in the model. The predictive power of skill theory is also weak and I can not explain how my ability leads to effective leadership. Finally, most of the data used to build skill models comes from the military. In other words, the applicability to general organizations is questionable. Do you want to be smarter? This article is an excerpt of the e-book "Leadership Guide for Leadership Organization", which you can download for free. The theory of leadership skills In 1955, Robert Katz became a prominent theory when he published his paper "The Effects of Effective Administrators" at Harvard Business Review. This research is based on direct knowledge about Katz's own workplace management and management. In his thesis he suggests that effective management or leadership depends on three basic personal skills: technology, people, and concepts. He has identified these three skill areas as the most important skills that executives have regularly used. The theory states that mastery of knowledge and skills / ability acquired are important factors in effective leadership practice. Skill theory does not deny the relationship between inheritance traits and ability to become an effective leader - it is merely that the learned skills, developed styles and acquired knowledge are the real keys of leadership performance It means. Of course, people believe skill theory is true, it guarantees all efforts and resources for leadership training and development. One of the main advantages of skill-based leadership theory is that you are aware that anyone can be a leader. Individuals need to work hard to find the right resources and improve the skills of excellent leaders. This is encouraging for people who are interested in acquiring leadership but are not a feature of other character-based leadership theory. Skills-based leadership theory also provides a competency-based toolkit for recruiting, training, and nurturing leaders within the organization by documenting the skills of each potential leader in key areas.

The X and Y theories developed by Douglas McGregor arise from the opposite of classical management methods. Classical management theorists such as Frederic Taylor focus on scientific training and efficiency and do not consider personal and behavioral issues such as management style and job satisfaction. McGregor looked at these shortcomings of the department of classical management and developed a management theory that could influence him on the importance of individual workers. If the boss can use the emotions and attitudes of the employee, the boss can increase the enthusiasm of the employee and increase the output as a result. Theory X and Theory Y In the book "The Human Aspect of Business" in 1960, Douglas McGregor proposed two theories to observe the motivation of employees. He avoids using descriptive labels and simply calls theory of theory X and theory Y. Both of these theories begin with the premise that the role of the manager is to put together the company's productive elements including human beings. In addition, the two management theories are different. Theory X Theory X assumes ordinary people. The main theory of McGregor consists of theoretical X and theoretical Y. Theory X is based on a more classical management theory, assuming that workers need more supervision because people themselves are lazy. Theory Y assumes that employees are ambitious, motivated, self-disciplined, and often enjoy psychological and physical work. Theory Y is consistent with behavior management theory. In many cases, the behavior of managers to employees is influenced by the theory they subscribe to. McGregor's theory X and theory Y are not based on a single fact. Theory X Manager and Theory Y Manager often see people's perception recognized. The theory Y's democratic approach makes people comfortable, so they are all dedicated to organizing with a whole heart. Managers based on Theory X fundamentals often encounter malicious circles, their assumptions become reality, among which the causal relationship is reversed. Because their employees are accustomed to extortion and control, they do not make any effort or responsibility at all. Definition: Theory X and Theory Y are part of the motivation theory. The two theories are very different from each other, and administrators use it to motivate employees. Theory X emphasizes the director, the theory Y emphasizes compensation and recognition. Explanation: Theory X and theory Y follow different ways to maintain people's enthusiasm. X theory follows an authoritarian approach to motivate people. The main premise of this approach is that ordinary employees do not like to work and take some measures to avoid work. Another hypothesis of theory X is that employees need to be threatened or forced to work for the organization's goals. They avoid responsibility and administrators must supervise them in every step. For organizations that follow Theory X, management also follows an authoritarian style. The management team has little authority. This makes them motivate. Read more

Sociometric theory is the theory advocated by Mark Leary in 1999. It suggests that we evolved a psychometric scale or meter that monitors how much others accept and accept other values. Leary named the monitor as a social meter and suggested that evaluating how much individuals accepted others is a decisive factor in self-esteem. Lily, M R. (1999) "I am consciously conscious." Current direction of psychological science 8 (1), 32-35 doi: 10.1111 / 1467-8721.00008 See Mark Leary's video lecture: Overreaction to small events: Why have people "lost" due to small things? Sociometric theory is a theory of self-esteem from the perspective of evolutionary psychology, suggesting that national self-esteem is a measure of interpersonal relationship (or sociometrics). This theoretical outlook was first introduced by Mark Leary and its colleagues in 1995 and was later introduced by Kirkpatrick and Ellis. In the study of Leary, detailed discussion about self-esteem as a viewpoint of social measurer. This theory is created as a response to psychological phenomena, ie social emotions, interpersonal and personal behavior, selfish prejudice, and rejection. Based on this theory, self esteem is a measure of effectiveness in social relations and interactions and is used to monitor acceptance and / or refusal of others. The focus is now focused on the value of the relationship, that is the extent to which one considers his or her relationship with other people and how it will affect daily life. In this study, two groups were assigned Sociometric theory is the theory advocated by Mark Leary in 1999. It suggests that we evolved a psychometric scale or meter that monitors how much others accept and accept other values. Leary named the monitor as a social meter and suggested that evaluating how much individuals accepted others is a decisive factor in self-esteem. Leary (1999) and Mruk (2013) reviewed views on self-esteem including humanitarian point of view, goal and response, morality, terror management theory (TMT), social measurement theory. Leary (2013) also considers similar SE aspects through passive or active point of view evaluation, and believes existing theories can be divided into two functions of final interaction. Active characterization of SE-related information that can be used to evaluate social, interpersonal, or cultural status, including SE and self-concepts (humanism, goals, coping theory, etc.), and (2) Measurement) learning theory)

Question 1 "Scientific management elements have brought about economic progress, but we are paying attention to" dark aspects of progress "including serious labor dispute, indifference, boredom, bad waste of human resources. In addition, factors such as the First World War, the development of psychology, the subsequent depression, etc. are raising questions about the fundamental premise of scientific management. "(Internet) This is an interpersonal relationship. Places involving relationship colleges. The organization theory tries to explain the operation of the organization to create an understanding and understanding of the organization. The organization theory is born from various knowledge and fields. Several types of organizational theories include classical, neoclassical, split, system, and organizational structures. These changes in organization theory come from multiple perspectives, including modern and post-modern perspectives. Traditional management perspective was born from the industrial revolution. Regardless of the employee's behavioral characteristics, it focuses on efficiency and productivity. Classical organization theory combines scientific management, bureaucracy theory, and administrative theory. In scientific management, we acquire the best equipment and personnel, then carefully consider StatPac Inc, an international software development and research company, which is every component of the manufacturing process. Organize theoretical research organizations, solve problems, maximize efficiency and productivity, and determine patterns and structures to use to meet the stakeholders' expectations. Next, organization theory uses these models to develop a normative theory on the mechanism by which the organization functions optimally. Therefore, organization theory can be used to learn the best way to operate an organization, or to identify organizations that manage in a way that is likely to succeed. The organization theory includes a method of organization analysis. An organization is defined as a social unit of a person whose structure and management fulfills the needs or is designed to pursue collective objectives. The organization theory includes a rational institutional perspective, division of labor, bureaucratic theory, and accidentality theory. In a rational organizational system, there are two important parts. It is the specificity and formality of the target. Division of labor is a specialization of the role of individual workers and is related to increased production and trade. According to modern theorist Frank Dobin, "The modern institution has a transparent purpose and we are evolving into a more effective form." The concept of Max Weber's bureaucracy is not inherited, it is characterized by the existence of a non-personal position won, the decision governing the rule, the occupation, the command line, the clear responsibility, and the limited authority It is attached.

One theory is that eukaryotes have evolved through processes in which different types of free organism prokaryotes are integrated into larger prokaryotic cells and ultimately develop into mitochondria, chloroplast and perhaps other organelles That's what it means. American Heritage English Dictionary is the fifth edition of the English Heritage Dictionary edited by the American Heritage Dictionary. Copyright © 2011, by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing House in 2016. Houghton Published by Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Copyright Internal symbiotic theory (unknown) Search on October 3, 2018, http: //www.yourdictionary.com/endosymbiotic-theory Internal symbiotic theory (unknown) Search on October 3, 2018, http: //www.yourdictionary.com/endosymbiotic-theory For over 100 years, the theory of symbiosis symbiosis has considered the difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. In order to explain the origin of eukaryotes and their mitochondria, more than 20 different versions of internal symbiosis theory are proposed in the literature. There are few models that can explain eucaryotic anaerobic bacteria. The role of energy and the energy limitation of prokaryotic tissue for evolutionary innovation in cellular history have recently influenced the theory of internal symbiosis. Only cells with mitochondria have bioenergetic means to obtain the complexity of eukaryotic cells, which is why there is no true intermediate in the transition from prokaryotes to eukaryotes. In the current internal symbiosis theory, it is thought that the host is not an eukaryote but an archaebacter (archaea). Therefore, the history and biology of the archaeal evolution have increased dependence on eukaryotes more than ever. The theory of symbiosis symbiosis is a unified widely accepted theory about how organelles are produced in living organisms different from eukaryotes. In the theory of internal symbiosis, consistent with the general theory of evolution, all creatures come from a common ancestor. Such ancestry may be similar to bacteria or prokaryotes in which single-stranded DNA is surrounded by the plasma membrane. Over time, the morphology and function of these bacteria have differentiated. Some bacteria acquire the ability to process energy from the environment in a novel way. Photosynthetic bacteria have developed a route to produce sugar from sunlight. Other organisms developed a new way to use this sugar, which is oxidative phosphorylation. And it produces ATP and oxygen from glycolysis. You can then use ATP to supply energy to other reactions within the cell.

Cultural theory is a field of comparative anthropology and semiotics (not to be confused with cultural sociology and cultural research) and attempts to define cultural heuristic concepts in an operational and / or scientific way. Some people used "culture" to point to various human activities in the 19th century, others used "culture" as a synonym for "civilization". In the 20th century, anthropologists began to make cultural theories subject to scientific analysis. Some use it to distinguish between an instinctive active adaptation strategy of animals, including adaptation strategies for primates other than primates and nonhuman primates, and human adaptation strategy, while others use it as a symbol of human experience It is used to refer to expressions and expressions. There is no direct adaptation value. Both groups believe that culture is a positive affirmation of human nature. According to many theories widely accepted by anthropologists, culture shows how humans interpret their biology and environment. According to this view culture is an integral part of human beings, the human environment, and most cultural changes can be attributed to human adaptation to historical events. In addition, given the fact that culture is regarded as the main adaptive mechanism of human beings and happens much faster than human evolution, most cultural changes can be regarded as cultural adaptations to itself. Most anthropologists try to define culture in a way to separate humans from other animals, but many human characteristics resemble those of other animals, especially those of other primates. For example, a chimpanzee has a brain, but the human brain is bigger. Likewise, Bonobo shows complex sexual behavior, but humans show more complex sexual behavior. Therefore, anthropologists often find ways to distinguish between cultural behavior and social behavior and psychological behavior, whether human behavior is different from the degree of animal behavior, whether it is different from physical behavior It must be. W. Brian Arthur, a complexity economist, explored the acceleration and expansion of every aspect of cultural change. Arthur is trying to clarify the theory of change in the book "The Essence of Technology" that combines existing technologies (or material culture) in a unique way to form new new technology. Behind this new combination is the deliberate effort to derive human motivation. This expression suggests that we are just beginning to understand what the theory of stronger cultural and cultural change requires. Rogers, G. Engineering properties Philosophy of technology Palgrave Macmillan, London, 1983 Schumpeter, Joseph. Economic development theory will be reprinted in 1912. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 1966 years 1934 For more information on consumer culture theory as research area, see Arnould and Thompson 2005, Consumer Culture Theory (CCT): 20 years of research, Consumer Culture Theory: Historical Irony, Askegaard, and Scott. Contemporary consumer culture theory by 2013, and Sherry and Fischer 2017, and editor's consumer culture theory. Eric Arnold and Craig Thompson, Future 2018, Sage. After 25 years of research, it now supports consumer culture theory, establishment of consumer culture theory alliance, formal forum for researchers to exchange opinions, and supports consumer culture research through formal institutions It is considered. CCTC manages the Sydney J Levy Prize, supports the Consumer Cultural Theory Conference, other seminars and seminars, promotes CCT research and provides travel scholarships. The area of ​​development of cultural research is the term originally provided by Arnould and Thompson (2005), which extends the methods and theories of various fields to researching market behavior, often referred to as consumer culture theory (CCT). In widely quoted articles, consumer culture theory is not a unified macro theory but a series of theoretical perspective

String theory is defined by Merriam-Webster. "A physical theory in which a one-dimensional loop passes through space and fuses and cleaves over time, as opposed to the usual quantum field theory that predicts the code of point particle emission and absorption.The theory is "String theory will solve the long-term struggle between Einstein 's theory of relativity and quantum physics.The string theory can be applied to the universe, from stars and sun to apples and atoms, All claim to be composed of small particles called strings. String theory in elementary particle physics, theory trying to combine quantum mechanics with general relativity of Albert Einstein. Name string theory comes from the modeling of elementary particles as a small one - dimensional "code - like" entity, not a traditional way of modeling primitive particles as zero - dimensional point particles. The theory assumes that strings experiencing a particular vibration mode correspond to particles having specific properties such as mass and charge. In the 1980's, physicists noticed that string theory could combine all four natural forces - gravity, electromagnetic force, weakness - and all kinds of matter in the framework of quantum mechanics. - Unified Field Theory In 1984's first superstring revolution, many physicists changed string theory to particle physics and unified theory of quantum gravity. Unlike the supergravity theory, string theory can adapt to the chirality of the standard model and can provide a gravity theory consistent with the quantum effect. Another characteristic of the string theory that many physicists were fascinated in the 1980s and 1990s is its high degree of uniqueness. In ordinary particle theory one can consider any set of elementary particles whose classical behavior is described by any Lagrangian matrix. In string theory, the possibilities are more limited. By the 1990's, physicists believed in theory that there were only 5 supersymmetric versions in theory. One of the major developments of string theory over the past few decades was the discovery of mathematical transformations linking one physics theory to another, a "duality". Physicists who studied string theory have discovered many of these dualities between different versions of string theory. It led to the hypothesis that all consistent versions of the string theory are combined into a single frame called the M theory. It is inside. String theory studies also produced a lot of results on the nature of black holes and the interaction of gravity. Several paradoxes arise when people try to understand the quantum aspects of black holes, and string theory studies attempt to reveal these problems. At the end of 1997, this series of research finally found anti-de Sitter / conformal field theory correspondence or AdS / CFT

Atomic theory and ancient philosophy speculate that everything can be described by an infinite number of combinations of atomic particles (or atoms) of basic substances, all of which are hard and small and can not be divided in size. Chemical elements combined to form various materials consist of aggregates of similar subunits (atoms) that have the characteristics of the nucleus and electron substructures of each element. Ancient atomism was proposed by Greek philosophers Leucippus and Democritus in the 5th century BC and was revived by Roman philosopher and poet Lucretius in the 1st century BC. After the continuous improvement of modern atomic theory in the early 19th century, the work of British chemist John Dalton began to prosper. Experiments by British physicist Ernest Rutherford on the scattering of alpha particles in thin gold foils confirmed that the atomic Rutherford atomic model consists of positively charged cores with nearly all masses. Electron cloud of the planet surrounded by negatively charged ones With the emergence of quantum mechanics and Schrodinger equation in the 1920's, atomic theory became accurate mathematical science. Austrian physicist Erwin Schchöderer designed partial differential equations for the quantum mechanics of atomic electrons, including the electrostatic repulsion for all negatively charged electrons and the attraction to the positively charged nuclei. This formula allows you to solve atoms containing only one electron (hydrogen) exactly, and you can find an approximation very close to atoms containing two or three electrons (氦 and lithium). To some extent, the Schrödinger equation can solve more complicated situations, and atomic theory can predict the nature of all atoms and their interactions from the first principle. Recently, high speed supercomputers can solve the Schrödinger equation, so you can accurately calculate the characteristics of atoms and molecules with more electron number. If a slight correction due to special relativity and the influence of quantum electrodynamics theory is also included, accurate consistency with the experiment can be obtained. An important finding in atomistic chemistry is atomism, where John Dalton is associated with invisible atoms. Dalton's atomic theory is based on the belief that atoms are dignified by the difference in quality. He first described his theory at the Royal Society in 1803. The theory has six basic ideas: all substances are composed of atoms, atoms can not be made or destroyed, all atoms of the same element are the same, different elements are composed of various kinds of atoms . - In a chemistry laboratory for two weeks, I got a number 29 unknown liquid, and I had to find it through experiments I learned from the beginning of the semester. After conducting the experiment, we were able to find empirical formula, molecular weight, molecular formula, density, boiling point, and know what the substance is. Atomic theory is a theory that explains the composition of matter. At atomism, we believe that substances can not be divided because they are composed of small particles called atoms that can not be separated. The word Atom is derived from Greek Atmos and has an inseparable meaning. Atom Theory Timeline - Year / Person Event 442 BCE Democritrus and Leucippus (Greek philosopher) proposed the idea that all problems consist of indivisible elements. - Instructional design learning theory is created by writing teachers and trainers of various education and training institutions, and training programs of various organizations. Relevant knowledge and skills are more effective, more attractive and effective for learners and are known as "educational design".

Intergroup theory 1) Intergenerational communication has always been the cause of frustration, especially in communication with the greatest age gap. Due to the wide range of subjects, there are various theories and ideas about ideal intergenerational communication. Because all participants are very different, it is difficult to distinguish between correct and wrong strategies for successful communication. People need to tie themselves to people who are most relevant and accurate to their management abilities. This theory contains four social psychology theories. Similarity, attraction theory, social exchange process theory, causal attribution process theory, group originality theory. This theory is used for intergenerational communication, communication between young people and the elderly, and intercultural communication. When young employees in the organization talk to senior employees, they tend to adapt to one another by recognizing the difference in social status and ranking. Or position. Junior understands a lot with respect and respects many things and attempts to accept senior and advanced users' attempts to make junior comfortable by accepting respect. Primary use convergence process, advanced use divergence process Beginning in the early twentieth century, relations between groups began to shape the understanding of individual characteristics. The theory of intergroup relationships between individuals, groups, groups, and organization relationships define the behavior of boundaries, power, recognition, and leadership. The relationship between the groups can be examined from various viewpoints. There are even a variety of research fields that have a theory on many problems of intergroup relationships. However, in research on intergroup relationships, the research theme has been narrowed down to social psychology, their characteristics and behavior are being studied, which is sufficient to broadly understand the behavior of groups and individuals.

Gender theory Gender theory is related to personal emotional stability, social position, professional ethics, and especially the ability to connect with others. As a source of text, personal experiences, research papers, articles, websites are used to explain the importance of communication between men and women, which itself is a theory based on history and internal learning, and as a student I It affects. Finally, the theory that best describes my gender trait will affect the outcome of the opinion. Gender theory is used to cast doubt on the basic practice of history itself. In combination with social history, gender theory is applied to history and historical philosophy and reconsider open objectivity and standards of industry developed after the 19th century. Using psychoanalytic and anthropological discussions, gender theory considers historical practice in a manner similar to scientific research from a social point of view, thus finding a place in social history. In other words, it explores professional value by investigating its practical practice. Thinking objectively and rationally, and putting women in the same category, we conclude that these practices are bad for non-Caucasians. The modernization of history as a social system also makes it possible for women to do a lot of unauthorized work and even to write history for men who earn credits. Many gender theories have shaped the description of social history in Europe. One of the first areas where the influence of gender theory is felt is the history of women of the working class and the lower class. Prostitution and Victorian society of Judith Wolkovitz: Women, class, state (1980), the Victorian people formed a way for working-class women to pursue casual prostitution during holidays through state policy It proves that. In working-class communities, seasonal money and food exchanges by women are not important, and due to state prostitution and imprisonment regulations and compulsory medical examination, these women are abandoned from workers. The identity of these women is not unique and established. After work by Alan Corbin and Wolkovitz, the social history of prostitution intersects increasingly complex sexual theory

Through the concept of Smart identity theory, this article aims to support physicalism rather than dualism. The Smart article Sensations and the Brain provides a powerful discussion on identity theory and explains much of the main opposition. Here, we firstly discuss the main argument that physismism is superior to dualism, then the more concrete discussion of identity theory, and conclude further criticism of identity theory. Physicalism is the theory that the universe contains nothing but physics. In this paper, we will explain the relationship between identity and material environment. Social identity theory, local identity theory, identity process theory. Regional identity is concentrated on the relationship between people and environmental psychology. Then this article tends to explain that social identity theory and identity process theory can also be used to explain the relationship between place and identity. Visualization problem: How does identity process theory and social identity theory explain the influence of regionality on identity? What is the significance of the region in environmental psychology? What impact does it have on identity and identity politics? It also insists that the place is not an identity. There are many symbols of various social categories and concepts, and the place speaks and maintains identity at various dimensions and levels. In this review article we will explain and critically analyze the three theories used to explain how the architectural and natural and architectural physical environments affect human identity. These theories are (1) local identity theory, (2) social identity theory, and (3) identity process theory. Local identity theory provides an important contribution to psychology and architectural social science and emphasizes the impact of the physical environment on identity and self-perception. However, there are few empirical studies to support the theory, and its specific contribution to other identity theories has yet to be elucidated. Although mainstream psychology lacks an understanding of the constructed environment, processes described in social identity theory and identity process theory have proven useful in explaining the relationship between identity and location . Identity is reflected in many levels, one of which is the location In social psychology social identity theory studies the interaction between individuals and social identity. Social identity theory is aimed at specifying and predicting how individuals view themselves as individuals or groups of members. The theory also takes into account the impact of personal and social identity on individual perceptions and collective behavior. The theory of social identity evolved from a series of studies (often referred to as minimal group studies) conducted by British social psychologist Henri Tajfel and colleagues in the early 1970s. Participants are assigned to groups designed to be as arbitrary and meaningless as possible. However, if you are asked to assign a score to another research participant, you will be given more systematic points to the members of the group than members outside the group.

Theft is to unintentionally intentionally acquire the property of others without the owner's consent. Theft requires that physical factors are negligent. That is, the defendant forever deprives the property owner or infringes ownership of the owner seriously. Deceptive fraud is the intentional use of false statements made by individuals through words and actions and it is unfair to themselves or others by transferring benefits to the victims or harming the victims I want the profit. The general principles of human body research thought to be effective and binding force include (1) avoiding damage as much as possible, or at least minimizing harm, (2) interclass or between members of the same class Treatment that provides fairness by avoiding discrimination; (3) respecting the integrity of human subjects by requesting informed consent. Another principle related to the immediate problem is to respect the human nature of the fetus. It is noteworthy that these three principles generally agree with the three principles of the Belmont report, namely goodwill, justice, and people's respect. According to paragraph (3), as long as the informed consent can be obtained, the director seems to say that the integrity of the human subject is respected. I think that this is only one of many important factors that respect research themes. The committee members continued to point out that with respect to the fetus, the human nature of the fetus must also be respected. It is justice. In the judicial principle, the choice of subject matter must be the result of a fair selection process and fair selection results must be obtained. "Fairness" in subject selection includes both the subject as an individual and the subject of being a member of a social, racial, sex or ethnic group. Regarding individual status, they should not be chosen because they are preferred by researchers or because they are despised (eg people who are "unwelcome" involved in risk research). In addition, "social justice" means the preferred order of selection of subject categories (eg, adults in front of children), and certain potential objects (eg, psychiatric patients or prisoners in the facility) Participate as an object, if any, under certain conditions. "

What is the most important concept you learned in this course? Please write this for readers who are not familiar with this concept. One of the most important concepts studied in class was assimilation theory. This theory is based on the adaptation of an ethnic group to adapt and survive a new dominant society. For example, according to a book known mainly in the Caucasian cultural society in the United States, many people who choose to come to the United States often can not distinguish and adapt to social and cultural norms I can not. Assimilation theory and its reactions form expectations for the adjustment of immigrants (Alba & Nee, 1999). Assimilation theory is still a strong influence even though the structural conditions that support it are gradually disappearing into history, such as the ethnic consensus between immigrants and indigenous people and the expanding economy that promotes upward migration) Is a summary. In the last few decades, that assumption was challenged and many principles were rejected (Alba & Nee, 1999; Brubaker, 2001). We should not doubt the desirability of assimilation, but the enthusiasm of assimilation theory for racism abolition has led to ethnocentric accusations (Rumbaut, 1997). Likewise, Early Bear theory thinks that the reduction of the elderly will benefit humanity. Adaptation aging is based on a genetic program that removes unproductive old species (Austad, 2009). Separation theory proves that young people replace old reasons (Cumming & Henry, 1961) What are the characteristics of immigration adaptation theory? What do they have in common with the theory of aging? Through its revisions, revisions and theoretical successors assimilation theory provides leverage to these problems. Although its status as formal theory has been questioned (May 2009), the conceptual framework of life history shows a related idea of ​​aging. Although I discussed from the other theoretical point of view, the formulation of life history has a common theoretical origin with the formation theory of immigration integration (called assimilation theory). The concept I learned in class is assimilation theory. This theory is based on the adaptation of an ethnic group to adapt and survive a new dominant society. For example, according to a book known mainly in the Caucasian cultural society in the United States, many people who choose to come to the United States often can not distinguish and adapt to social and cultural norms I can not. Assimilation theory influences many ethnic groups in that sense The trajectory of adaptation is very controversial. In the study of European immigrants group by the Chicago school (Park & ​​Burgess, 1921), "assimilation theory" explains time-dependent monotonous anabolic processes. Merge is unidirectional and linear in its strongest version (Figure 1). This "linear assimilation" means that racial loyalty ends beyond the generation of immigrants (Warner & Srole, 1945). Since most of the new information about the host society is acquired early, a more reasonable model can be traced back to the rise curve of rapid cultural adaptation in the later stages of life. When applied to team experience, the "bump line method" begins adapting assuming adaptation (Gans, 1992; Figure 2)

Evolution is a field of further development and improvement that is focused on the evolution and the modern integration of genetics. Notable topics include appropriate selection levels, the relative importance of natural selection and other mechanisms, and the speed of evolution of genotypic and phenotypic levels. For example, we consider evolution theory as the main objection to the theory. According to the theory of evolution, natural selection requires (1) they must be replicators, (2) they must have genetic variation, and (3) their mutation causes a difference in replication rate. The basic evolution teaches that our cells are composed of different chemicals and substances. According to symbiotic theory, in the case of mutual benefit, one cell is inside the other cells, which in turn dedicate the current eukaryotic cells to a higher process. These first cells in the cell together form a higher life and a higher life, creating a more complex and higher life. Phylogeny generation theory is an example of evolution theory. It is based on the premise of evolution of ancestral genes, populations or species sequences. Link individuals who developed through historical and genealogical relationships. A phylogenetic tree is an assumption presumed from the practice of phylogenetic generation theory. They describe relationships between individuals that can be assigned to one another and to each other. The evolutionary process of speciation creates a group linked by a common ancestor and all its descendants. The genetic traits of the species are inherited to the next generation afterwards. Evolutionary biologists test phylogenetic theory using a systematic method and observe and interpret changes in species over time. These methods include collecting, measuring, observing and mapping the phylogenetic trees.

The special relative speed of light speed is the limit speed of the universe. Regardless of the relative position, light travels at the same speed. When applied to Newtonian physics, it provides a new relativistic formula for motion. 4 Quantum Theory Heat bodies emit electromagnetic radiation. When the energy carried away by radiation is added together, the total energy generated is calculated as infinity. Max Planck speculates that when energy is emitted in discrete packets (quantum) it will be a finite amount of energy. String theory in elementary particle physics is a theory trying to combine quantum mechanics with general relativity of Albert Einstein. Name string theory comes from the modeling of elementary particles as a small one - dimensional "code - like" entity, not a traditional way of modeling primitive particles as zero - dimensional point particles. The theory assumes that strings experiencing a particular vibration mode correspond to particles having specific properties such as mass and charge. In the 1980's, physicists noticed that string theory could combine all four natural forces - gravity, electromagnetic force, weakness - and all kinds of matter in the framework of quantum mechanics. - Unified Field Theory In 1984's first superstring revolution, many physicists changed string theory to particle physics and unified theory of quantum gravity. Unlike the supergravity theory, string theory can adapt to the chirality of the standard model and can provide a gravity theory consistent with the quantum effect. Another characteristic of the string theory that many physicists were fascinated in the 1980s and 1990s is its high degree of uniqueness. In ordinary particle theory one can consider any set of elementary particles whose classical behavior is described by any Lagrangian matrix. In string theory, the possibilities are more limited. By the 1990's, physicists believed in theory that there were only 5 supersymmetric versions in theory. One of the major developments of string theory over the past few decades was the discovery of mathematical transformations linking one physics theory to another, a "duality". Physicists who studied string theory have discovered many of these dualities between different versions of string theory. It led to the hypothesis that all consistent versions of the string theory are combined into a single frame called the M theory. It is inside. String theory studies also produced a lot of results on the nature of black holes and the interaction of gravity. Several paradoxes arise when people try to understand the quantum aspects of black holes, and string theory studies attempt to reveal these problems. At the end of 1997, this series of research finally found anti-de Sitter / conformal field theory correspondence or AdS / CFT

Robert Agnew is known for his general strain theory. The theory explains that people are involved in criminal activity because of tension. When someone is depressed, depressed, depressed, or abused, it turns to crime and copes with these emotions. However, not everyone turns to crime to cope with stress and pressure. There are various ways to measure strain. Subjective stocks are not preferred by certain people or groups. Getting closer to this objective is to address how people handle them. In this paper, we propose crime that overcomes crime of general crime strain theory and strain theory so far. In the first part, distortion theory is distinguished from social control and differential association / social learning theory. In Part 2 I will explain the three main kinds of strain. (1) distortion expected to achieve or achieve a positive value target, (2) distortion predicting the elimination of actual or positive stimuli, and (3) actual or anticipated performance of negative stimuli. In Part 3, guidelines for strain measurement are presented. In the fourth section we will explain the main adaptation of the corresponding changes and explain the factors affecting the default adaptation option and the delay-free adaptation option. General strain theory (GST) is a criminal logic developed by Robert Agnew. Since development in 1992, general strain theory has garnered many academic attention. Robert Agnew's general strain theory is considered a reliable theory, extending its main scope by accumulating a large amount of empirical evidence and providing explanations. A phenomenon other than a criminal act. Agnew recognizes that Robert Gimmerton 's first strain theory is limited in the range of possible causes of strains that are perfectly conceptualized among society, especially young people. Merton believes that society emphasizes social expectations and approved targets as well as innovation, but at the same time does not provide sufficient opportunities to achieve these goals through legal institutionalization.

When the Heart theory heart began to form his legal theory, the mainstream view in legal theory literature is that the law is best understood as sovereignty over that subject. Austin's most positive, "orderly" theory is consistent with Austin and interprets the law as commander of a sovereign who loves others, but does not love others. Since sanctions are normally imposed if you do not comply with the rules, these orders have a normal submission pattern and have legal obligations. The discussion between Heart and Fuller brought about debate and argument. In this article I will describe three concrete arguments advocated by Heart and Fuller, criticism of Hearts' theory, and the refutation of the reasoning behind the idea that Fuller is confusing legal system and morality. The starting point is to see ideals and reasoning behind Heart's theory. Heart can be regarded as a positivist in the 20th century, what he thinks is law and how should the law be? This means that there is a difference between law and morality. First, Heart explained how rules that give entitlements need to be ethical rules, or do not need to match it. He further stated that the rights exist in the form of rules, games, and many other areas governed by judicial problems, or rules not related to what the law should be. Professor Hart developed a theory to describe contemporary law separately in "primary" and "secondary" rules. Professor Heart's "main" rule is an order or ban that is explicitly banned in the criminal law - do not steal. According to Professor Hart's "secondary" rule, it is the rule that determines whether the "main" rule is broken. Such a rule is an approval rule on the effectiveness of a rule. Another important aspect of Professor Hart's theory is the "open texture" theory, which refuses to accept that he may have uncertainty in the law due to different opinions. Instead, he attributed the so-called "hard case" to English and its interpretation. He further stated that the discretion of the court must be used wisely and that moral and social issues must be taken into account.

Political theory and scientific theory are everywhere. Everyone is a theorist. The theory is often thought of as a developed idea or belief and needs to be verified by others. The theory abstracts and generalizes from specific situations and improves accessibility of experience. It is not just the facts that they are more general and abstract than the facts they are trying to explain. The theory is an indirect function and the fact is the problem of directly transferring its contents. I understood the difference between English theory and scientific theory, so let's explain the difference between scientific theory and science law. As mentioned earlier, scientific theory is sufficient evidence of certain aspects of nature. Scientific law is only an observation of the phenomenon the theory is about to explain. For example, suppose you were lying under an apple tree and observed that an apple fell from the branch to the ground. The observation of this phenomenon can be called the law of universal gravity. The law of gravity shows that it falls to the ground every time an apple is dropped. Gravity theory explains why apples fall on the ground. The law is observation. Theory is an explanation Evolution, like gravity theory, is scarcely accepted in the scientific community. The word theory in the scientific world is "not just a theory". Scientific theory is an explanation of sufficient evidence of certain aspects of nature obtained by scientific methods and repeatedly tested and confirmed by observations and experiments. The way Ashaari and Maturidi learn Aqidah is the answer to aqidah's general threat to the Muslim philosophy of the 3rd century. When I was young I handed Ashaari's text (and I do not want to ignore the importance of studying these texts), and today most students are very troublesome in this extensive study of this philosophy I think that it is. They are irrelevant to these texts In modern science, the term "theory" means in a way consistent with scientific methods, scientific theories manufactured according to the standards required by modern science, well-proven natural interpretation. Such a theory is described as a scientific test that provides empirical support or denies it by experience ("counterfeit"). In contrast to the more general use of the term "theory", scientific theory is the most reliable, rigorous and comprehensive form of scientific knowledge. This means something is unconfirmed or speculative. It can be expressed by the word hypothesis. The scientific theory is different from the scientific law difference that describes the behavior of nature under certain conditions, unlike hypotheses which are empirically verifiable individual guesses.

Contribution of label theory to sociological understanding of crime and prejudice Becker is a major sociologist who studies the theory of prejudice labeling and thinks "to form bias by formulating rules that constitute deviant" . When the observer recognizes it and defines it as a departure, the semantic behavior only becomes abnormal. An example of this is naked behavior, which is recognized in husband and wife, or in the naked camp in the bedroom, but when a stranger wants to enter the bedroom or someone tried to cross a sports event When this transformation will be a personal label. Label theory states that people recognize and act in a way that reflects how people mark others. It is often associated with sociology of crime and deviation. Marking and treating someone as a criminal may in fact lead to abnormal behavior. For example, if you mark a person as a crime, if another person treats that person more negatively and responds more negatively to that person, you may take even worse action. People who are marked as deviating are insulted and may be seen by others and unreliable. Then, abnormal individuals may act in a way that fulfills the expectations of labels. It is very difficult to avoid such labels. For example, criminals convicted often find it difficult to find a job after being released. They are officially publicly labeled as cheating and are often suspected for the rest of their lives. Contribution of label theory to sociological understanding of crime and prejudice Becker is a major sociologist who studies the theory of prejudice labeling and thinks "to form bias by formulating rules that constitute deviant" . When the observer recognizes it and defines it as a departure, the semantic behavior only becomes abnormal. An example of this is naked behavior, which Karl Emil Maximilian "Max" Weber admitted by married couple in the bedroom or accepted by a nude camp was born on April 21, 1864. He is known for being on the same page as Émile Durkheim. Karl Marx is one of the founders of the sociological movement (Biography.com, 2015). Economist Weber believes that there are six different types of rationality, but only formal and substantial rationality will be covered. Previous rationality was based on the use of rational steps to achieve the desired goal. Therefore, it is mainly based on logic and past experience.

There is something about the human nature that wants to know what is happening around him, and we always make decisions based on knowledge gained. Sometimes we take pride in the decisions we have made, and from time to time we regret our choice. The cognitive disharmony theory solves the idea that "a person's self image is inconsistent with his own beliefs, attitudes, or actions" (Gass & Seiter, 2013, p. We continue to explain why our behavior conflicts with the ideology of our lives and specific problems, and that "persuasive information can respond to increasing or decreasing discord" (Gass & Seiter, 2013, p. Genetically modified foods are products containing genetically modified organisms. If the product contains genetically modified ingredients, customers should be aware that there are some controversies regarding nutrition labeling. Studying this topic is very important and anyone can understand the topic and find a page called Consumer Reports on the Internet This page is based on a magazine. This page explains why they need to know about genetically modified foods and their labels. Even fruits and vegetables, your food can cause serious health hazards. The reason is the next GM food biotechnology. These improved foods will help you cope with emerging populations that will increase by 10 billion by 2050. By introducing all the technologies, farmers became easier to harvest faster. In other words, I have more time for my family. As we all know, genetically modified food labels will cause concern. There are several positive and negative arguments about labeling GMOs. A positive argument for displaying GMO is that consumers have the right to know the amount of food. Another positive argument for displaying GMO is that it allows consumers to stay away from the food causing problems to them. The downside of labeling a GMO is that it may mean a warning about health problems. Another negative argument against labeling the GMO is that it will be applied to all consumers. Currently, the US requirement for GMO markers does not seem to change so rapidly.

Purpose This study examined criminal causal relationships from samples of randomly selected residents in the Philadelphia area. By telephone investigation, residents (N = 359) were asked about 37 questions on the level of support for several criminal logic theories including classical theory, biological theory, psychology theory, social collapse theory, strains. / General strain theory, subculture theory, social learning theory, social control / general theory, labeling theory, critique theory and environmental criminal logic theory. The analysis evaluated whether respondents' opinions differed depending on race, sex, and political ideology. At the same time, inter-racial and inter-ethnic internal analysis is done to determine supportive nuances for a specific criminal point of view. The results show that public opinion on the cause of crime has many serious gender differences and ethnic differences, but there is little difference within the race. The results also support that previous studies supported the view that political ideology is related to the level of support of particular criminal theory. Conclusion In general, this result shows the benefits of including non-occupational perspectives in discussing causal relationships of crime. ► Residents in the Philadelphia area were asked about views on the cause of the crime. ► There is a gender difference in opinion on the cause of a crime. ► There are major differences between races in opinions on criminal causes. ► There are few differences among ethnic groups in opinions on the causes of crime. ► Public opinion on criminal causes is very different based on political ideology Purpose This study examined criminal causal relationships from samples of randomly selected residents in the Philadelphia area. By telephone investigation, residents (N = 359) were asked about 37 questions on the level of support for several criminal logic theories including classical theory, biological theory, psychology theory, social collapse theory, strains. / General strain theory, subculture theory, social learning theory, social control / general theory, labeling theory, critique theory and environmental criminal logic theory. The analysis evaluated whether respondents' opinions differed depending on race, sex, and political ideology. At the same time, inter-racial and inter-ethnic internal analysis is done to determine the nuances that support a specific criminal point of view. The results show that public opinion on the cause of crime has many serious gender differences and ethnic differences, but there is little difference within the race.

The unique characteristics of natural law and situation ethics The theory of natural law and situation ethics is not concrete, and the influence of the modern "new natural law" led by American philosopher Germerme Grizes seems to be very large. However, despite modern corrections, these two concepts are fundamentally deep in human thought. However, they were developed at the end of the second century. Summa Theologica of St. Thomas Aquinas in the 13th century developed definitions of Aristotle and Cicero's "law of nature" and "situation ethics". The conclusion was created by Joseph Fletcher in the early days. 1960's "Natural law theory" is the appropriate ethical theory, politics, civil law labeling theory and religious moral theory. These views that have some funny effects may be legal, political, religious morality, but these effects are not the attention of our attention. We will focus on the ethical theory of nature's law. In this thesis we have two central goals. First, it aims to determine the decisive characteristics of the moral theory of nature's law. Secondly, it develops an accurate view of the main theoretical choice when facing not only as part of the difficulty of these options, for each of the functions within the constraints set by these definitions We aim to identify some of the natural law theorists. However, it does not try to repeat the history of the idea development of nature's law. (Very useful detailed history of the law of nature, see Crow 1977 until the beginning of the present age The unique characteristics of natural law and situation ethics The theory of natural law and situation ethics is not concrete, and the influence of the modern "new natural law" led by American philosopher Germerme Grizes seems to be very large. However, despite modern corrections, these two concepts are fundamentally deep in human thought. - Aristotle identifies the motivation of three friendship: availability, joy, and good. He thinks that when people seek friendship, they will look for those who deserve their feelings based on one of these three motivations. Whether his argument is correct is controversial. Many people may oppose the simplification of this complex theme. However, his theory is important in the context of volume 8.

Great chain of existence Most of the concepts of early modern biology essence arises from the work of Aristotle. Aristotle wrote the concept of different types of creatures that can be distinguished from all other creatures. Aristotle not only is interested in the biological world, it also tries to establish the theory of the whole world. As part of this theory, he believes that all nature can be seen as a continuum of inanimate objects. In Aristotle's terminology, "natural philosophy" is a field of philosophy to study natural phenomena, including fields of physics, biology, and other natural sciences today. Aristotle's work includes almost all aspects of knowledge exploration. Aristotle expands philosophy and reasoning in a broad sense and it is also referred to as "science". But please note that his usage of the term science is different from the term "scientific method". For Aristotle, "All science (Diana) is practical, poetic or theoretical" (Metaphysics 1025 b 25). His hands-on science includes ethics and politics; his poems mean studies of art, including poetry; his theoretical science covers physics, mathematics and metaphysics. Aristotle is believed to be the first systematic paper on the nature of Western traditional scientific exploration, including observations and inferences about nature. In previous post hoc analysis, Aristotle first reflected the goal, then the method of natural exploration. Many functions are found and the majority of their functions are still considered essential to science. For Aristotle, the aim is not just to record facts, but empirical rules, careful observation (but passive observation rather than control experiment) is the starting point. For Aristotle, science (epistêmê) is an appropriately placed knowledge or learning system, an empirical fact, but their ordering and presentation are essential. To discover that the classification of facts and the purpose of labeling determine partly the methods necessary for a successful scientific investigation.

If we study the history of criminal theory, spiritual and natural theory is regarded as the main theory of criminal causation. In the Middle Ages, spiritual interpretation was regarded as punishment given to God for doing bad things, and all natural disasters such as floods, fire, etc. were rated as a power of the great powers. In modern times, the basic theory of criminal causality is classical theory, biological theory, psychology theory, cultural theory, and conflict theory. The purpose of this paper is to compare, compare and evaluate the sociological theory of the causal relation between two crimes and the psychological theory of two criminal causal relations. Sociological theory of crime, labeling, and structural functionalism / tension. Howard Becker is a sociologist and is often considered to be the development of label theory. However, the origin of this theory can be traced back to the early twentieth century sociologist. Crime is inevitable and will never be eradicated. Sociologists like Travis Hirschi and Michael Gottfredson argue that social relations theory and self-control theory can help society understand the causes of crime. In this article, I will study the theory of self-control, the theory of social relations, and how these two theories explain the causal relation between crimes. In addition, we explain the basic elements of each theory, compare and contrast the similarities and differences between the two theoretical perspectives, and explain the improvement points necessary to strengthen each theory. There are two major types of causality theory: Hume's theory (as "ordinary wording") and causal realism (as a causal mechanism). According to Hume's theory, causality is completely constituted from empirical facts between observable variables; there is no need for a potential causal relationship, causality or causality. Causal relations scholars view the concept of causality and the power of causality as fundamental, and claim that the work of scientific research is to obtain empirically correct theories and assumptions about their causal mechanisms. Let's consider various arguments about this sentence. X causes Y.

The tag label defines an individual as someone. Defining behavior as an exception or crime is not a direct process. The tag is not neutral, it contains the evaluation of the application object. In a sense, it is "ownership" that obscures all other identities an individual has. These labels tend to transcend the personal identities of fathers, husbands, workers, friends, or neighbors when people are labeled as crime, mental illness, homosexuality, etc. There are two differences between tags, hard tags and soft tags. People who believe in hard tags believe that mental illness does not exist. It is only deviating from the social norm that people are caused by mental illness. Therefore, psychiatric disorders are socially constructed diseases and there is no psychiatric disorder. Those who believe in soft labels believe that mental illness exists. Unlike hard tag supporters, Soft Tag Supporters believe that psychosis is an objective issue rather than being socially structured. Peggy Thoits discusses the process of classifying people as psychotic in her article "Sociology of Psychosis." According to the theory of Thomas Scheff (1966), Thoits argues that mentally disabled people are unpredictable and dangerous and stereotypical that they can not look after themselves. She also argues that "it is marked as departing and is considered to be a deviation." This description is divided into two processes. One relates to the impact of self labeling and the other is based on social difference handling of individual labels. Therefore, if society believes that a person with mental disorder is unpredictable, dangerous and dependent on others, people who are actually not labeled as psychoses but who are labeled may be mental disorders there is. In sociology, label theory is a departure perspective, according to which it is marked as "deviant" and involves people in abnormal behavior. Label theory, born from the study of Howard Becker in the 1960s, explains why people's behavior conflicts with social norms. For example, a teenager living in an urban area where the gang frequently visits may be labeled as a gang member. As a result, youth may start acting like a gang member or become a member. Sometimes people tagged incorporate tags into their self concepts (when a teenager marked as a gang member starts to see himself as a gang member). Some researchers think that there is a high possibility that people with low social status are classified as deviating.

Many criminal theories are macroscopic theories that explain crime based on a large number of people and society. Macro theory is the major theoretical type used to explain crime, but there are also various equally important "individuals" or micro factors. Two such individual factors are mothers smoking (MCS) and cognitive ability, or IQ (IQ). MCS has been shown to adversely affect the neurodevelopment of the fetus and cause severe damage to the nervous system. The purpose of this paper is to compare, compare and evaluate the sociological theory of the causal relation between two crimes and the psychological theory of two criminal causal relations. Sociological theory of crime, labeling, and structural functionalism / tension. Howard Becker is a sociologist and is often considered to be the development of label theory. However, the origin of this theory can be traced back to the early twentieth century sociologist. This article focuses on three major sociological theories of crime and crime: stress, social learning and control theory. Then a brief introduction to several other important criminal theories, most of them representing the interpretation of these three theories. Finally, a brief description of the effort to develop a comprehensive criminal theory. All described theories explain the crime according to the social environment including family, school, colleague group, workplace, community and society. However, these theories differ from each other in several ways. Focus on certain different characteristics of the social environment and focus on explaining individual differences in crime while providing various social situations leading to crime. Differences in detectives (eg why some communities have higher crime rates than other communities) Sociologists refine existing theories and continue to develop new criminal theories including comprehensive criminal theory (such as Charles Tittle 's controlled equilibrium theory). However, sociologists began to realize that it is impossible to explain crime from a direct social environment. Therefore, they are more concerned about the larger social environment that affects the current social environment. They pay more attention to those who discover their own circumstances that affect whether sensitive individuals participate in the crime. In addition, sociologists are beginning to realize that they need to consider factors considered in biological theory, psychological theory, and other criminal theories. Most notably, they have to take personal characteristics such as intelligence, impulsivity, irritability into account. These characteristics may affect individual response to the social environment.

Five main factors of cartel, cartel personality, behavioral genetics, and evolutionary personality theory. Current research, Raymond Cattell (1905 - present), designed "Five Factors for Individuality" to clarify 5 categories. Five factors: # 1 outgoing and introvert, # 2 adaptive and confrontational, # 3 responsible and undirected, # 4 neurosis and emotional stability, # 5 open experience and no open experience. Three concerns about Han's Eysenck and Francis Galton's behavioral genetics and Arnold Bass's evolutionary personality theory are fused. Despite various criticisms of the cartel's hypothesis, his empirical discovery will investigate the "five" aspects of the personality and provide a direction for later discovery. Fiske (1949) and Tups and Kristal (1961) reduced cartel variables to five repetitive factors called extroversion or homosexuality, consensus, consciousness, emotional stability, and intelligence or openness. (Pervin & John, 1999). Cattell's 16 personality factor models are highly criticized by many researchers, mainly because they are not replicable. During Cattell factor analysis, calculation error may cause data shift and could not be reproduced. There is no computer program for factor analysis during Cattell and calculation is done manually so it is not surprising that some errors occurred. There is a possibility that the 5 element model does not meet the originality criteria. In fact, Cattell 's 16 - factor system has been in use for nearly five years (Digman, 1990) when Fiske first derived a model that predicts actions consisting of five factors. Nevertheless, the five factor model can be considered to be far enough from the cartel model to guarantee the original labeling. However, perhaps the opposite is that it is more convenient to examine factor models together, but as a theory it is quite different, but they are all suitable for families. This model series began with Cattell 's 16 - element system including Eysenck' s model and five - element model inspired by German psychologists Allport and Odbert (Digman, 1990) and their research was inspired. The other two German psychologists Baumgarten and Krakis (Digman, 1990) Five-factor model studies began when DW Fiske was unable to find support for cartel's 16 personality factors in 1949 and was able to find support for five factors. The research increased from the 1980s to the 1990s, and it began to support more five-factor models. Personality traits of the five factors show interviews, consistency of self-description and observation, and a wide range of participants with different age and culture. It is the most widely accepted structure in characteristic theorists and personality psychology of today and is the most accurate approximation of the basic feature dimension (Funder, 2001).

These theories are called microscopic interpretation of bias. These theories are trying to explain why individuals behave abnormally. The three theories used in the analysis of this case are rational choice theory, differential relevance theory, and labeling theory. The murder case can be seen through a rational choice from a theoretical point of view. If a person wants to commit a crime, he / she evaluates the cost of the profit and belief (our society) obtained from it / 152). Why is there a deviation? How does it affect society? From the early days of sociology, scholars have developed a theory that attempts to explain what is biased towards society and what crime means. These theories can be classified according to three major sociological paradigms of functionalism, symbolism of interaction, and conflict theory. Sociologists who follow functionalist approaches are interested in the contribution of various elements of society as a whole. They believe that deviant behavior is an important element of a functioning society. Strain theory, social collapse theory and cultural deviation theory represent three functionalist views on social deviation Which of the three theories of sociology can explain deviations better than other theories? The main theory is collision theory, which symbolizes interaction theory and functionalism. It is possible that all three are related to bias, but symbolism is the pattern of expression, so symbolic interactionism is the best for explaining biases. The symbolic meaning does not work basically. - The relevance of "Bug's Life" and "Selected People" In his article "The Voter" Stewart Evan is talking about his view on the American middle class. Specifically, he explored the idea that the middle class suffered from an identity crisis. According to Irwin's theory, "the concept of personal distinction leads to the identity crisis of the non-upper class." (185) The root cause of this identity crisis is mass consumptionism. The three main theories of deviation and its strengths and weaknesses are functionalist analysis of prejudice to find the cause of departure of social nature rather than individual's physical or psychological nature. Functionalists agree that social control mechanisms such as police and courts are necessary to control deviations, but many believe that some degree of prejudice may promote social well-being ing. - "Deviance is Relative" is a controversial topic that is controversial causing controversy among curious sociologists to draw conclusions. Since there is no absolute standard application for deviant behavior, we can only gain knowledge through practical meaning, key ideas, concepts and processes. There is no absolute way to define the behavior of deviation in the actual meaning "deviation is relative."

This study examines the recognition of criminal causes from samples of randomly chosen resident in the Philadelphia area. Through telephone surveys, residents (N = 359) were asked about 37 questions on the level of support for several criminal logic theories including classical theory, biological theory, psychology theory, social collapse theory, strain /. General strain theory, subculture theory, social learning theory, social control / general theory, labeling theory, criticism theory, environmental criminal logic theory. The analysis evaluated whether respondents' opinions differed depending on race, sex, and political ideology. Internal and inter-racial analysis was also conducted to determine the nuance of support for a particular criminal point of view. The results show that public opinion on the cause of crime has many serious gender differences and ethnic differences, but there is little difference within the race. The results also support that previous studies support the notion that the political ideology of a person is related to the level of support of a particular criminal theory. Overall, the results show the advantages of non-expert opinion when discussing the cause of the crime ► Residents in the Philadelphia area were asked about views on the cause of the crime. ► There is a gender difference in opinion on the cause of a crime. ► There are major differences between races in opinions on criminal causes. ► There are few differences among ethnic groups in opinions on the causes of crime. ► Public opinion on criminal causes is very different based on political ideology The agreement is that the causal relationship of crime and complete handling are best studied by individual delinquency. What is the motive for criminal activity? The type of crime may in some way deviate from the normal state, but can it be identified by the defined standard? Lombroso was thinking about finding the physical dishonor of the perpetrator, but this was not confirmed by the fact. Later and contemporary studies have clearly shown that there is no type of crime in the sense that individuals can describe or have a common cause. Criminal behavior is quite different from any other type of behavior, as it has to be found in a complicated intertwining of genetic and environmental. ► Residents in the Philadelphia area were asked about views on the cause of the crime. ► There is a gender difference in opinion on the cause of a crime. ► There are major differences between races in opinions on criminal causes. ► There are few differences among ethnic groups in opinions on the causes of crime. ► Public opinion on criminal causes is very different based on political ideology Purpose This study examined criminal causal relationships from samples of randomly selected residents in the Philadelphia area. By telephone investigation, residents (N = 359) were asked about 37 questions on the level of support for several criminal logic theories including classical theory, biological theory, psychology theory, social collapse theory, strains. / General strain theory, subculture theory, social learning theory, social control / general theory, labeling theory, critique theory and environmental criminal logic theory. The analysis evaluated whether respondents' opinions differed depending on race, sex, and political ideology. At the same time, inter-racial and inter-ethnic internal analysis is done to determine the nuances that support a specific criminal point of view. The results show that public opinion on the cause of crime has many serious gender differences and ethnic differences, but there is little difference within the race.

Deviation is simply an interaction of labeling applied by society to other behaviors and it is important to think that it is important to define action as a deviant as well as action itself when deviating from research. They will argue that it is the reaction of society to decide behavioral abnormalities, if any. Becker's label theory argues that bias is not actually the behavior itself, but it is created by a social group that creates and promotes the values ​​of norms and deviations. Social groups create deviations by creating rules that make up deviations, applying it to specific people, and marking them as outsiders. From this point of view, departure is not the quality of behavior that one human being committed, but the result of applying rules and sanctions to violators. The exception is the one who successfully applied the tag. Abnormal behavior is behavior that people mark (Becker, 1963, 44). Becker (1963) mentions the creation of the rules and the role of responses in "generation" of deviations. He does not mean that rule creation initially produces such behavior, it means that the social context (such as the definition of rules and reactions to people who violate rules) creates social facts - deviations (Hawkins and Tiedman), 1975). Deviation is simply an interaction of labeling applied by society to other behaviors and it is important to think that it is important to define action as a deviant as well as action itself when deviating from research. They will argue that it is the reaction of society to decide behavioral abnormalities, if any. - Crime and deviation are acts that cause social opposition. They take various forms, including various concepts and theories. The purpose of this article is to explore something that is considered useful for society. When Emile Durchem wrote "Social Studies Method Rules" and "Labor Department", he first revealed the logic behind the functional way of crime and rebellion. Crime and deviation constitute classical morbidity in society and cause various reactions at political and social levels. In this article we explore the causes of crime and crime through two theories of label theory and biological theory. As Melossi points out, "The fight between crime and deviation from definition is in the field of actions consisting of multiple, and even contradictory, control" (1994) p. 205. Each culture has its own norm.

Sex role development is one of the most important areas of human development. At the present moment, as women are pregnant, she is keen to find her child's gender frequently. The definitions of the terms "gender" and "gender" need to be understood. The term "gender" refers to the actual body composition of an individual who defines it as a man or a woman. Sex depends on genetic makeup, internal genitalia, brain tissue and external genitalia. The behavior of individuals as male or female, the type of role they play, and their personality traits may be as important as the individual's biological framework. Since early childhood, with the two exceptions, the development of sexual identity almost disappeared from the literature on development. Phyllis Katz (1986) proposed a gender identity development model including four milestones: gender labeling, gender invariance, gender (adolescence), and reproductive gender (adult). Here, gender identity is "internal recognition and sexual experience" of an individual (p. 25). Although no one has tested this model, Mr. Katz suggested that it is necessary to explain and change the gender identity of individuals in detail at milestones. Researchers also studied the effect of gender on identity in Erik Erikson's development theory (1968), which is operated by John Marcia (1980). There is almost no sex difference in the status of self identity and the formation of identity (time and time etc) Gender identity is defined as personal experience and he or she is male or female One of the most powerful elements of socialization is the development of gender identity. Gender identity is an aspect of self-concept that is developed and studied well in early childhood (Richardson & Simpson, 1982). Access and change to social behavior related to role, attitude, and sex of children's gender is based on the value of social class to which you belong, the interaction with colleagues and teachers, access to behavior and standards through the mass media It is constrained by many factors, such as. Parents and their parenting style are the most principle and influential entities in the process of socialization by children's gender (Mussen, et al, 1979). Comparison and Comparison of Two Sex Role Development Theories One of the main arguments in current psychology research is gender development. Psychologists try to understand the relative importance of social and cognitive factors. Various theories have been proposed in this field, and the two most standard theories in this field are explained here. The theory discussed in this article deals with child's thinking which is indispensable for gender development. - Comparison of Nuclear Power and Alternative Energy Sources and Comparison of Standard Volume Science 3.4.A Today, our society uses more energy than ever before. As energy demands increase, problems to be solved also increase. One of the biggest and most common problems is the need for clean, renewable and sustainable energy. At the forefront of these problems, the following solutions have emerged. Nuclear power, hydroelectric power generation, solar power generation

Its artistic value can not be denied, but graffiti is still a form of destruction. Artists are marking public and private property. This is expensive for taxpayers and corporate owners and property owners. Cleaning costs in the United States are not clearly documented but can safely be considered worth billions of dollars. In large cities, you usually spend more money to remove graffiti. According to graffitihurts.org, the budget for Chicago in 2006 was $ 6.5 million and the annual expenditure in Omaha, Nebraska, was $ 100,000. According to the U.S. Justice Department, not only do we commission fees, but graffiti destroyers often shop. Stealing paint and markings can increase the additional cost of business. As evidenced by the decline of riders in the 1960s and 1970s, destructive behavior also affects transportation income. Even before the graffiti was linked to the gang, people started fearing to get on the destroyed subway. Graffiti sometimes exerts a wave like influence and other types of crime increase in seriously damaged areas. Gang related gang is the most common crime related to graffiti Public turmoil such as littering and wandering and other physical damage may be related to graffiti crime. Because most markers are men from 15 to 23 years old, the fear of labeling is "portal crime" and young offenders are more serious or dangerous, such as school refusal, drugs, alcohol use etc There is a possibility of committing a crime. Intentional destruction is often seen as a matter of quality of life. When there are many graffiti in the area, people tend to think that as "bad neighbors". The value of neighboring property may decline and the crime may increase. Representing graffiti related graffiti and hatred is most likely to be unpopular in certain areas. Management of vandalism by graffiti includes assessing vandalism, destroying vandalism, protecting the surface from further damage, and preventing recurrence of vandalism. Gravity vandalism management is the responsibility of everyone, including households, retailers, business park landlords and tenants, utility companies, educational institutions, community groups, transportation companies and regional authorities. Simple Crime (Marking and Graffiti Destruction Act) Under the Amendment Law, judges can ask criminals for community activities such as mark release and graffiti damage. The maximum penalty for vandalism is a fine of $ 2,000 and / or community-based judgment. The bill also prohibits the sale of spray cans to people under the age of 18 and prohibits the actual use of spray cans inside the store, so the public can not enter without the help of clerks . How to stop Graffiti Guide to provide practical information to local governments, schools, companies, individuals This report describes the criminal theory of vandalism and the problems caused by graffiti and vandalism. Management, architecture, and design strategy to minimize vandalism and graffiti in public transportation, public spaces, public phone interiors, schools, public housing. This report describes the criminal theory of vandalism and the problems caused by graffiti and vandalism. Management, architecture, and design strategy to minimize confusion and graffiti in public transportation, public spaces, public and private phones, schools and public spaces. In this volume on prevention of vandalism and graffiti, we study the criminal theory of vandalism and explain the planning, management, architecture and design strategy to minimize public transportation and public places, public phones . Destruction and graffiti inside and outside the area. School and Public Housing Oscar Newman (1972) proposed a "Defense Space" theory in groundbreaking research on crime and disturbance of public housing. In short, Newman discovered that corridors, skyscrapers, elevators, halls, shelters, roofs and other buildings of high-rise buildings are isolated from public surveillance than low-rise build

Thereafter, five items were deleted from the study of Kim et al. (2005) Whether two types of bullying were measured to find some correlation between the level of distortion and the level of personal bullying. These five projects are to fight or promote others, to make fun of other people, to fight other people, to annoy others, to awaken and push other people . In this study, the control variables used were sex, physical fitness, grade, and parental income. The result of the first round of the questionnaire shows that the correlation between family conflict and parent's punishment is likely to lead to bullying. In this article, to prove this, criminal logic theory such as strain theory and label theory is used to outline the main evidence supporting crime, sacrifice, and social class, and critically evaluate To do. With this in mind, the text restrictions in this article pay special attention to crime and damage of the lower class of society. This class was originally defined by Karl Marx and related to production means and talks about two major classes, bourgeois assetist classes and workers of state proliferation of proletarian assets (Giddens, 2001). His theory has been rigorously reviewed and it is now believed that classes are more flexible than Marx's first interoperability, income, wealth and status, and consideration of this culture and consumption pattern (Giddens, 2001). In the middle of the eighteenth century, criminal studies emerged as social philosophers pondered the concepts of crime and law. Over time, schools of several ways of thinking were formed. In the early criminal logic theory, there are three main ideas covering the middle of the 18th century to the middle of the 20th century. Classical, positive, and Chicago. These school groups have been replaced by a number of contemporary criminal paradigms such as subculture, control, crisis management, labeling, critical criminology, cultural criminology, postmodern criminal science, feminist crime science. This article focuses on information about crime. I explain various theories about criminal science. The main concern is criminal science and its two theories. Criminal study is a study of criminal factors that cause that phenomenon. Such a crime may be of personal or social nature. It involves enacting the law, breaking the law, and trying to weaken the law. Criminal study focuses on social, cultural and personal reasons for illegal activity. Criminal studies are directly related to sociology and psychology in all fields dealing with group or individual behavior. However, unethical or obscene acts may be a criminal act, unless the act is prohibited by the state.

Natural Law Ethics In modern society, people in a society with certain ability or reasonable knowledge know that there is a law that controls how the world works. Examples from the world can be observed in the form of the law of gravity, or the angle of the triangle will always be up to 180 degrees. We know these things because we admit that certain rules are only a part of our universe as long as we can think for ourselves. The natural law approach to solving a moral dilemma begins with a fundamental belief that everyone has the right to live their lives. From there, natural law theorists draw a line between the innocent life and the "illegal intruder" life. Natural law theory recognizes the legal and moral concepts of self defense that are often used to justify war acts. Natural law theory is not always a simple idea. It is not surprising that the ethics associated with the laws of nature are equally complex. The definition of "correct" and "wrong" definitions for "everyone" can be difficult to apply to complex moral dilemmas. Natural law is a judicial moral theory that claims that law should be based on morality and morality. Natural law considers that the law is based on "right" things. Natural law is "human discovery" by reason and using choices between good and evil. Therefore, natural law finds its strength in discovering universal standards of morality and morality. Greeks - Socrates, Plato and Aristotle emphasized the difference between "phyxis" (φ) and "law", "custom" or "custom" (nomo, nouveau). The place stipulated by law differs, but the "birth" place should be the same. Aristotle (384 - 322 BC) is regarded by many as the father of the "natural law". In rhetoric, he thinks that in addition to the "specific" law each person established for himself, there is also a "common law" or "higher law" based on nature (rheet 1373 b 2 - 8). "Natural law theory" is the appropriate ethical theory, politics, civil law labeling theory and religious moral theory. These views that have some funny effects may be legal, political, religious morality, but these effects are not the attention of our attention. We will focus on the ethical theory of nature's law. In this thesis we have two central goals. First, it aims to determine the decisive characteristics of the moral theory of nature's law. Secondly, it develops an accurate view of the main theoretical choice when facing not only as part of the difficulty of these options, for each of the functions within the constraints set by these definitions We aim to identify some of the natural law theorists. However, it does not try to repeat the history of the idea development of nature's law. (Very useful detailed history of the law of nature, see Crow 1977 until the beginning of the present age

In order to maximize the result, ensure that service offerings correspond to individual needs and characteristics The sentences shared and understood by everyone cooperating with the criminal have a purpose consciousness concerning rehabilitation, maintenance and progress. Everyone who cooperates with perpetrators will always present behaviors and attitudes to support rehabilitation and rejection. A safe and neat culture is essential for prisoners to have the head space they need to think about individual transformation More rigorous prison situations (lack of noise, destruction, filth, clutter, privacy) correspond to remarkably high prison violence rates regardless of staffing factors and safety levels (Bierie, 2012) . For some people prison detention itself is a painful and detrimental thing, and it seems that detention from family and social networks, stigma and labeling, antisocial subculture and norms, lack of activity, autonomy By decreasing Considering the prediction rate of the prison population, there is a close relationship between overcrowding and higher rebuilding rate (Farrington & Nuttall, 1980). Promote resistance and reduce risks: • Treat change offenders as important goals • Communicate hope and change optimism that change is possible • Show and teach thinking and action skills, build strong relationships, build strong relationships, Care - criminals can develop and work to change their life goals. • Make sure that the staff are actively listening. • Criminal thinking, attitudes, Action, coping with drug and alcohol problems • Improve immigration control and training services Prospect of housing, employment, income and social relationship with people not involved in crime Reduce areas that could lead to increased violations: • Interrupted relationship • Impact on identity • Labeling • Antisocial culture (sharing of crime fraud, criminal skills) • Change your behavior (manage anger, apologize to others, create your own applications, etc.) New science of wisdom psychological intervention (2014) Walton, G.M; psychological science 2014 current path 23: 73 • Improve public governance of the innovation system: The Government will provide long-term positioning of social and economic priorities, ensure that innovative resources are adequate and that public entities will act adequately • Strengthening the human resource base of innovation: The State transforms brain drain into brain interest, improves the quality of education at all levels, provides more opportunities, improves the skills of already employed people Let's pay more attention to entrepreneurial spirit and soft skills, exchange knowledge between industries Despite co-financing of health and social care, there are still some examples of regional innovation in Northern Ireland. However, there is little systematic evidence that the measurable improvement over the population is superficially the most comprehensive funding system in the UK. Paradoxically, it may make social care more dependent on healthcare. An interesting question is whether the new arrangements in the UK facilitate health and social care. In England, the GP should now have a strong voice regarding debugging. However, they are directly concerned by the Social Welfare Committee and are more responsible for providing more health services to local governments through the Health and Welfare Committee. At the same time, at least in theory, CCG may be interested in improving their worst performance, even though the UK NHS as a whole will have a general medical contract.

Short article assignment 2 Elijah Anderson explains the difference between a "decent" person and a "street" in the "Street Code" of the entire article. These differences also apply to social control, labeling, social conflict theory. Violence in urban areas due to cultural adaptation. Anderson's theory is studying African-Americans living in the heart of the city of the United States. And they will strive to maintain respect, loyalty and self-image according to the "street code". Elijah Anderson's "street code" refers to a series of informal rules that affect public behavior and classifies people living in "street" and "decent" families to form the inner. Sense - city life. "Decent" families, unlike families with dysfunctional "streets" that seem to be not interested in children's lives, work hard, have mainstream values, make them penetrate children I will. A decent family seems more civilized, but the street family is anger and offensive against children. These children often use the term "work hard" when talking about childhood. This has led to people who grew up with "Street" families who are more likely to commit crime just because their parents did not participate in their lives. They are usually children who are late "hanging on the street". Homework: Street code Elijah Anderson discusses the social and cultural dynamics of city vs. human violence. This thinks he will compromise the quality of life of many urban communities. According to Anderson, there are two directions in the living environment of the poor people in the slums, the "decent" family and the "street" family. Let's think of Anderson's analysis in the context of monster characters. First outline the value of the core of the street code and apply it to Monster to find your situation. Once this is done, the value of the 'decent' family core is outlined. Please do your best to study Cedric Jennings' life in such a context. Compare and contrast the two contours and explain the behavior of Cedric and monsters according to Anderson's city life analysis. Give a concrete example to explain your answer

These theories are called microscopic interpretation of bias. These theories are trying to explain why individuals behave abnormally. The three theories used in the analysis of this case are rational choice theory, differential relevance theory, and labeling theory. The murder case can be seen through a rational choice from a theoretical point of view. If a person wants to commit a crime, he / she evaluates the cost of the profit and belief (our society) obtained from it / 152). Why is there a deviation? How does it affect society? From the early days of sociology, scholars have developed a theory that attempts to explain what is biased towards society and what crime means. These theories can be classified according to three major sociological paradigms of functionalism, symbolism of interaction, and conflict theory. Sociologists who follow functionalist approaches are interested in the contribution of various elements of society as a whole. They believe that deviant behavior is an important element of a functioning society. Strain theory, social collapse theory and cultural deviation theory represent three functionalist views on social deviation Which of the three theories of sociology can explain deviations better than other theories? The main theory is collision theory, which symbolizes interaction theory and functionalism. It is possible that all three are related to bias, but symbolism is the pattern of expression, so symbolic interactionism is the best for explaining biases. The symbolic meaning does not work basically. - The relevance of "Bug's Life" and "Selected People" In his article "The Voter" Stewart Evan is talking about his view on the American middle class. Specifically, he explored the idea that the middle class suffered from an identity crisis. According to Irwin's theory, "the concept of personal distinction leads to the identity crisis of the non-upper class." (185) The root cause of this identity crisis is mass consumptionism. The three main theories of deviation and its strengths and weaknesses are functionalist analysis of prejudice to find the cause of departure of social nature rather than individual's physical or psychological nature. Functionalists agree that social control mechanisms such as police and courts are necessary to control deviations, but many believe that some degree of prejudice may promote social well-being ing. - "Deviance is Relative" is a controversial topic that is controversial causing controversy among curious sociologists to draw conclusions. Since there is no absolute standard application for deviant behavior, we can only gain knowledge through practical meaning, key ideas, concepts and processes. There is no absolute way to define the behavior of deviation in the actual meaning "deviation is relative."

There are two types of movies "Outsiders" and "Saints and Roughs"; subclasses considered to be abnormal and intermediate classes considered perfect. These two classes are defined by different states, titles, and symbols. Government officials, police, and their social classes also marked them different. Setting an "abnormal" label in a social class will in most cases cause the label course to complete its "executed prediction". What is shown on the label leads to pain, suffering and other class inequal handling. The fourth major sociological theory of bias is label theory. Label theory refers to the fact that individuals deviate when abnormal labels are affixed and use labels by indicating actions, behaviors, and attitudes associated with labels. According to label theory, people deviate to force other people to identify with these identities. This process works for shame; when applying abnormal labels, people will bring a shameful identity to the marked individuals. I will learn about abnormalities and criminal behavior in sociology. Label theory begins by assuming that no action is essentially a crime. The definition of criminal activity is determined by the authorities through the enactment of the law and the interpretation of these laws by police, courts and correctional agencies. Thus deviation is not a series of features of individuals or groups, but a process of interaction between deviant and non-eclectic. According to Barrat (1986), "The concept of stereotypes is clearly related to sociological concepts of some extraordinary level. The concept of labeling is clearly defined: power in society and authoritative deviant behavior Labels are descriptions or versions of actions that destroy and evaluate their behavior and they are considered irrational, pointless, and destructive, etc. In contrast, stereotypes are models that mimic behavior and role It is common in the press, it is popular among advertisers, women are asked for copies, and men are strengthening their roles. This article is aimed at explaining whether stereotypes affect interpersonal relationships and whether they are important or not. Stereotypes are not real people, but ideas and assumptions about specific groups that are widely distributed. According to Pennington (1986), "There are three features in the stereotype.

The role of sociological theory in criminal interpretation and suppression of crime This paper attempts to explore the role of sociological theory in interpretation of crime and whether it affects the practice of probation observation. First, let's briefly introduce the historical development of criminal thinking, starting with the transition from classicism to positivism, and laying the foundation for the development of the sociological theory of the 1960s and 1970s. Usefulness of sociological theory in interpretation of crime and suppression of crime This paper attempts to explore the role of sociological theory in interpretation of crime and whether it affects probation observation. First, we will briefly explain the historical development of criminal thinking, beginning with classicism and transitioning to positivism. Both of these are the foundations of the development of sociological theory. Sociological theoretical views on religion on 14th March As to the religious social system, the three major sociological theories differ in many ways. All three have their own way to understand the role of religion in society. The purpose of this white paper is to show the influence of each theory on religion and people within the organization. religion The purpose of this paper is to compare, compare and evaluate the sociological theory of the causal relation between two crimes and the psychological theory of two criminal causal relations. Sociological theory of crime, labeling, and structural functionalism / tension. Howard Becker is a sociologist and is often considered to be the development of label theory. However, the origin of this theory can be traced back to the early twentieth century sociologist. This article focuses on three major sociological theories of crime and crime: stress, social learning and control theory. Then a brief introduction to several other important criminal theories, most of them representing the interpretation of these three theories. Finally, a brief description of the effort to develop a comprehensive criminal theory. All described theories explain the crime according to the social environment including family, school, colleague group, workplace, community and society. However, these theories differ from each other in several ways. Focus on certain different characteristics of the social environment and focus on explaining individual differences in crime while providing various social situations leading to crime. Differences in detectives (eg why some communities have higher crime rates than other communities)

Culture ties people together and gives people the identity, but people need to follow a set of norms to become a member of a culture. If someone deviates from cultural norms, does it mean that this person is not a member of the culture they believe? In this article we show that Becker's claim in "Culture: Sociological Perspectives" is flawed due to the use of erroneous analogy, the history of rapid social change, and the uniqueness of the micro social background. Becker's initial debate on how culture works from a sociological point of view is based on his analogy of jazz bands and culture as a whole. Frank Tannenbaum and Howard S. Becker have created and developed a label theory which is the central aspect of the semiotic interaction often called Tannenbaum's "evil dramaization". Becker believes that social groups create deviations by developing rules constituting violations. Labeling is a social response process of social reactions, social reactions of people of society, judging behavior of one person as abnormality or other means, and correspondingly defining (marking) it. It is characterized by "inventing, selecting, manipulating beliefs, defining behavior in a negative way, and selecting people for these categories." Social deviation is a violation of social norms. So, what is social bias? According to sociologist Howard Becker, the best definition of social bias is "This is not a behavior itself, it is a reaction to behavior, it is doing abnormal things". Many abnormal practices, in other cultures, this is standard. In many countries around the world, girls are 11 years old married. For Americans this is considered child abuse Howard Becker argues that deviation is a creation of a social group rather than a specific behavior or behavioral quality, as described in "External people: deviations from sociological studies" (1963) . Becker (1963) criticizes the existence of deviations from other theoretical acceptance bias and by doing so, tolerates the majority value in the social group. Becker (1963) argues that it is not important to study personal behaviors because deviations are mere rules of destructive behavior and are marked as abnormal by people with power status. Violations are constant and labels of actions are different (Becker 1963). Becker (1963) explains the rules as a reflection of certain social norms held by the vast majority of societies, either formal or informal. The mandatory rule is the focus of Becker (1963)'s approach, which is applied in a variety of ways and brings some useful results to those who apply tags.

Trust from Davenport & Low in 2013, Important Comment to Compliance: Accountability in Fair Trade Campaign, Social Enterprise Journal, vol.2. 9, No. 1,88-101. Davenport & Low (2013) conducted research on the evolution of fair trade from trust-based relationships to standards-based systems. This survey covers the external and internal accountability approach adopted by Fair Trade Labeling International (FLO) and World Fair Trade Organization (WFTO). The external obligation that FLO uses is focused. [After summarizing Perrault and Grimm, Robbins thought of a fairy tale, especially Cinderella as an anti-grotesque type that looked like a way of accomplishment than the story, with the feminist theory of 1970. Robbins supported her argument with Joey Carroll 's story "model" and "doll" but Robbins thought that gender and female independence was a cultural grotesque, so I wrote this article . In spite of the artificial magic means of Cinderella rising to this position, all women, despite the rising in this position, left the body fluidless discharges replaced by fashionability and male success to provide comfort over reality "A fascinating prototype that must be pursued" (p. 108) These stories are about self-marketing rather than social criticism. "Folklore scholars show the sister's personality traits - their confidence, competition, and overall attention to themselves - unusually grotesque and unpopular. Novelist Nelson Algeren considers this novel "an unforgettable American comedy of the original storyteller". Evaluation by prominent writers and literary critic Anatole Browards, Jerome Charlin, Guy Davenport and Shelby Foot, followed by the novel "Faulknerian's calm satire, and Times Literature Supplement", which takes into account specialty, the style of imagination is Flannery O 'It is reminiscent of Connor. An influential personal writer and a music journalist Stanley booth says that "Sutri" may be the most interesting and unbearable sorrow in McCarthy's book ... this is something I do not line up with American literature It seems. " Saint John is one of many critics who praised Davenport's unique style and regional marriage theme. In addition to poetry, Davenport's important articles and book reviews have appeared in numerous episodes including azalea, tonight, lesbian studies. Works, Melas, Central America Review, Listen: Appalachian Women's Writing, Rough Women: Survival and Female Poems and Blood Roots Celebration: Appalachian Female Writer Rethinking the Place. Some of these works have evoked criticism, particularly in the explanation on the material aspects of the critic James Taranto, in particular the white "Vimimin", which supported the "anti-white" racist emotions. The explanation of Davenport about a white woman is "aesthetic", "Pathology of racial discrimination: dialogue with the third world" (from this bridge called my back).

This course covers laws that govern the manufacture, distribution and sale of food in the United States. Topics include issues related to label management, food additives, dietary supplements, genetic modification, HACCP, civil liability and criminal liability for defective products, inspections, imports, inspections, law enforcement, and other US food regulations Yes. This course aims to encourage students to deepen their understanding of issues related to food regulation and to gain a general understanding of the full range of food regulations in the United States. This course is taught by Professor Neal Fortin, director of food regulation research institute. Students will have the skills and experience to integrate this knowledge and information for use in the real world. Most of lecture materials are from textbooks, food regulation: law, science, policy and practice, 2nd edition. However, purchasing books is optional as all necessary books are available in PDF format. (The authors' fee for selling this book to the classroom will be provided by the Michigan State University Student Scholarship Fund.) I am familiar with the role of Federal agencies in food regulation such as FDA, USDA, FTC A systematic understanding of public and private enforcement requirements for US food labeling, health claims, food additives, bad products, imports, exports, and food standards Participate in international law networks, regulatory and scientific experts on food law issues Please click here to get started. There is no need to submit a transcript through the lifetime education program Everyone who needs to understand the context of US food regulation should look at this book. By amending the case manual approach, the book inspired the subject of food law, discussed food regulation trends and controversy and supplemented case studies to investigate important legal issues. In addition to exploring regulations, we also need to explore food science, policies and practices. These tasks require application to the theory beyond pure theory of law. Food imported to the United States must comply with the same laws and regulations as those produced in the United States. It is safe, contains no prohibited ingredients, all labels and packaging must provide information and truth, and label information is English (or Spanish in Puerto Rico). For example, if your company needs to register based on the Bioterrorism Act and subsequently make biscuits to be baked and packaged at other factories, your records will include the name and address of the facility where you acquired the ingredients , You must include the name and fabric you sent. The address of the facility to be baked and packaged. This is also called "one up" in the distribution chain. This course covers laws that govern the manufacture, distribution and sale of food in the United States. Topics include issues related to label management, food additives, dietary supplements, genetic modification, HACCP, civil liability and criminal liability for defective products, inspections, imports, inspections, law enforcement, and other US food regulations Yes. This course aims to encourage students to deepen their understanding of issues related to food regulation and to gain a general understanding of the full range of food regulations in the United States.

The Great Depression was an era of great conflict caused by speculative and unregulated large-scale business practices. Almost all Americans are affected and even citizens of many other countries around the world are affected, but working poor people are particularly affected. Both factory workers and farmers have experienced massive anti-union feelings by the turn of the century, and are exposed to very dangerous working conditions, low wages, and in the case of farmers, many people get agricultural prices I paid a lot of debts to lower it. Child labor reform: At the beginning of the 20th century, the number of child laborers in the US peaked. With the increase in labor and reform movements and overall improvement of labor standards, child labor has begun to decline and the political power of workers and other social reformers has demanded laws regulating child labor. Alliance organizations and child labor reforms are often intertwined and intertwine with working ladies like the National Consumer Alliance and the Vocational Women's Association and the organization led by middle class consumers. These organizations established the National Consumers Union in 1899 and established the National Child Labor Council in 1904 with the common goal of challenging child labor through anti-perspiration campaigns and labeling programs. Between 1902 and 1915, the Child Labor Relations Commission emphasized the reform by the Legislature. Many laws restricting child labor are part of the gradual reform movement at this time. However, the remaining gaps, particularly in the southern states, have led to decisions on the federal child labor law. Congress passed these laws in 1916 and 1918, but the Supreme Court declared illegal. Then, opponents of child labor call for constitutional amendment and approve federal child labor law. Congress passed such amendments in 1924, but the conservative political situation of the 1920s, and opposition from several church groups and farm organizations may increase federal powers in areas related to children Fear not, Twenty years before the civil war, it was filled with the voice of reform. Labor rights, women's rights, abolition of slavery, educational reform, and fair land-sharing policy are just a few of the problems in domestic discussions. The attraction of a small reform society is to solve these problems on a controlled scale and to succeed greatly in practice as well as in theory. "The ideal community is a symbol of persuasion, which can function as a" garden "in horticulture and agricultural productivity and ideal landscapes. Effective design, industrial productivity, it can be expressed as a machine "and the relation with the tradition of American political tradition, or its design and lifestyle can be expressed as" model residence " I will. Oneida Community: Familiar with their ideas and practices in conversations with visitors

Understand the history behind agricultural innovation, tractor, cotton gin, harvester, plow, plant patents etc In 1973, the GM research team invented the first automobile airbag that was first offered at Chevrolet as an option. Wilbur and Orville Wright invented manned engine aircraft that they got patented as "flight machines". Learn about other aviation related technological innovations Evidence of intentional fermented beverages exists in the form of beer cans in the early Neolithic period. Charles Proteus Steinmetz has developed an interaction theory to enable the power industry to grow rapidly List of articles related to inventions and alternatives, history of earth-friendly energy The metal foil that was first mass - produced and widely used was made of tin. In 1910, tin foil was replaced with aluminum foil. Charles Martin Hall discovered an electrolytic process to produce aluminum inexpensively and used it for a wide range of commercial purposes. In 1450, Italian artist and architect Leon Battista Alberti invented the first mechanical anemometer. An anemometer is a device for measuring wind speed. Joseph Burckhalter and Robert Seiwald invented the first practical patented antibody labeling reagent Apple Lisa is the first home computer with GUI or graphical user interface. Let's learn about the history of Apple Macintosh, one of the most famous Apple home computers. Denmark engineer Valdemar Poulsen invented the arc emitter in 1902. The arc emitter historically is the opposite of all types of radio transmitters so far and generates continuous radio waves. Archimedes propeller invented by ancient Greek scientists and mathematicians Archimedes is a machine to lift water. Planets, terrain models, celestial spheres in the shape of the globe, the earth, the moon, and the earth have a long history Willem Kolff invented the first artificial heart and the first artificial kidney dialysis machine In 1829, scientists discovered salicylic acid in the willow's plant can relieve pain. However, the first discovery of the analgesic effect of the willow plant in the 5 th century BC is the father of Hippocrates, modern medicine. Artificial grass game surface published on Monsanto Industries's Wright and Faria or Astroturf patent In 1939, Einstein and some other scientists told Roosevelt to build an atomic bomb in Nazi Germany. Shortly thereafter, the US government launched the Manhattan project that produced the first atomic bomb. The main time and frequency standards in the United States are atomic clocks of 铯 that was developed at NIST laboratories. The history of cars has been over 100 years. Please check the automobile development schedule and find out who made the first gasoline car In 1886, the pioneering invention of Carl Benz and Gottlieb Daimler brought a revolutionary new look to mobility. In the past 130 years, the innovations proposed by Mercedes-Benz were based on this achievement: for safety, comfort, efficiency and confidence. Along with today's development in the field of automatic driving, intelligent connected cars and electric vehicles, Mercedes Benz introduces the future of automobiles. This is the hyperopic road that Carl Benz came up on January 29, 1886 when his car applied for a patent. Many people seem to think that innovation is synonymous with inventions. But as the author of NISI, Ahlstrom, Furr explains, the first step in defining "innovation" is to separate it from "new" and "ingenuity". Parts According to their definition, innovation appears when the invention meets the market requirements. Newton (a series of PDAs released by Apple) failed but the reason for the success of the iPhone is that the demand of customers in the market (demand for the Internet, mobile music etc.) can feel the ease and fun of the iPhone It is that it is raised to about. Troubles and limitations The difference between invention and innovation is important as it is two di

When we go out, we have to go through many gates. Regardless of workplace, school, shopping mall, supermarket, restaurant, post office, we are all near the building entrance. Sacrificing a few precious seconds in a busy schedule to keep a door open and open will tend to cause a smile. But, it can make some words. This is one of the first phrases we learn as a child, but sometimes it seems not to have learned it. Unfortunately, under normal circumstances, men try to dominate women. This is not to say that women are gasifying other women or women are not using this technology for men. However, the first case is the most common. That is why there are many people who think that it can be classified as "nonsense of feminist" rather than serious abuse. If they think that feminism promotes the theory of gas lights, they are wrong and simple. This is about power. Power creates a sense of right. You can see it in class wars all over the world. For example, some of the rich and educated people in the UK countryside and in the North Shore of Sydney are forced to force people who are classified as low educational, inexperienced, and less rich there is. "I do not know what you are talking about" or "I'm doing this for many years. I am familiar." They can demonstrate their power and influence through depreciation, threats and prejudice . When you are a transgender (without Sys privileges), people often force you to explain or prove your gender identity. The general reaction is to say that "despite the male body, there is still a female brain when born." Trying to refine the complexity of the transgender's experience, the transgender people are intentionally overly simplified. Sounds that ordinary people can understand. In other cases studies that may be referred to by a transgender suggest that trans females are closer to cis females than cis men in some very slim gender bias areas of the brain. (Transgender has a big difference whether we consider this research to be preliminary, effective, or ineffective.) Men often have special brains and women (although not always) specialized brains when trance activists say that the brain can be sexed, but usually they have different kinds of brains There is none. Then, according to this trend, they give labels for men or women to these brains. They mark the brain based on the relationship between the characteristics of the brain and the physical sex of the brain. The labeling of men and women attached to the brain means something different from the words used by men and women to explain gender. This is the reason why the argument of the transgender's "brain" is meaningless.

Mixed blood: Ease of access to mixed-categories category and target ethnic heritage (black and white, There is a tendency to classify multi-ethnic individuals based on the status of "social subordinates" Multi-ethnic goals emphasize the background of perception and the role of face they face The proportion of multi-ethnic people in the United States (ie Hawaiian, 23.6%) is using the mixed-blood category There is a high possibility of being classified as a hybrid (for example, having a phenotypic character) Blacks and Asians are also the same, leading to the classification of mixed-blooded children. Hawaiian forecast The attractiveness of the group (Asia, Asia - Caucasian, African, etc.) varies greatly (p = .09) "White", "Asia", "Black", "Race" classification. To make it easier to manage tasks, Interracial morphs; 1 = California, 2 = Hawaiian. All analyzes are done first in phases Initially it was included as an element of all analysis. Since none of these variables has a focus effect, Instead of labeling a single target, add a hybrid label to the hybrid target. All The target of Asian whites is classified as mixed, compared to Hawaiian participants. B = -39, SE = .17, Target this kind of mixed race to "dominant identity" up to +8 (classify all eight sides) Make this type of hybrid child "dependent". For most participants, the scope Individuals from Hawaii, B = -1.76, SE = .38, z = -4.58, p <.0001, 95% CI = [-2.51, -1.01]. this Hispanic, nine multi-ethnic groups, five Hawaiian natives and other Pacific islands, four Mixed blood labels are not a single target, but are intended for mixed blood. All remaining analysis sets The importance of this indirect effect was tested. Indirect effects are usually nonnormally distributed. Participants will not use hybrid labels for anyone, just use hybrid labels. Participants (that is, the type of mixed blood they are drawing) have children with mixed blood. In the feature or context it means that the target can not be white. For example, Based on the prediction of cognitive theory, participants in Hawaii report the same high level of exposure Recognition of contact with multinational individuals. Although it was discovered in past research Measured target race measurement Geographical background White Asia Black Multi-race Interracial contact Hawaii 41a (1.24) 30b (1.47) 59a, b (1.88) 97a, d (1.66) State ladder judgment Hawaiian 92a, b (1.49) 08a (.77) 38a, c (1.59) 94b, c (1.08) California 06b, c, d (1.73) 86b, (1.96) 39c (1.96) 38d These results show that our findings on black and white whites classification are extended to multi ethnic classification based on other ethnic differences. As in Experiment 2, there are some differences between deformation and actual Asian white faces. The results of this research study researchers study multi-ethnic human perceptions to carefully select their stimuli We will reinforce the necessity. Nevertheless, deformation and mixed Asia white matter mixed face is not classified as single face, multi ethnic grouping is much longer than single face. Execution length: Variability in taxonomy of taxonomies: influence of geographical environment and target ethnic heritage Hawaii's Christine Poker University Mānoa Colleen M. Carpinella UCLA David. J. Rick New York University Diana T. Sanchez Rutgers University, New Brunswick State Kelly L. Johnson, University of California Los Angeles Word Count: 7106 News Society Cognitive Author: Kristin Pauker, University of Hawaii Psychology, UCLA Psychology Colleen M Carpinella Department: David . J. Lick of New York University psychology department, Diana T. Sanchez of psychology department of Rutgers University of New Brunswick, University of California Los Angeles, Kerri L. Johnson of communication psychology department. Here we looked at the plasticity of the face of black and white, Asian whites and sub blacks in two geographical situations, Ha

As the US criminal justice system has grown in parallel over the last few decades, the number of American families experiencing social disasters in which parents and their children are imprisoned is increasing. In order to investigate the factors that may cause crime propagation and imprisonment among generations, we use the perspective of life history and position the development of antisocial behavior as the era of collective imprisonment. In doing so, we will learn from literature on disaster sociology and study ways to understand and improve trauma related to intergenerational imprisonment through appropriate policies and interventions. Combined with factors that promote resilience and recovery, we believe that it is possible to better judge the risk factors of antisocial behavior, such as prenatal mother stress, trauma exposure, abnormal peer group etc. It is. This includes improving safety, self-efficacy and connectivity to prevent intergenerational crime and imprisonment and promote resistance. By making collective imprisonation a social disaster, a multifaceted and comprehensive approach has new urgency to reduce the epidemic and imprisonment of intergenerational crime in millions of families in the United States. We analyzed the intergenerational transmission of social disadvantages in the context of Finnish welfare state. Previous studies on intergenerational transmission have generally focused on education, and income and social classes have been treated as separate factors. Rather than address social disadvantages, researchers do not measure the status of parents using a very common single measure, but rather these single indicators are socioeconomic status Only relevant. Therefore, we use three indicators to measure the disadvantage of the parent and the outcome of the child. After finishing compulsory education, to quit school, to unemployment, and to receive social assistance. We assume how strong inferior indicators are among generations in heredity, and how they accumulate among generations. I am using high quality registration data from Finland (n = 157 135) As the US criminal justice system has grown in parallel over the last few decades, the number of American families experiencing social disasters in which parents and their children are imprisoned is increasing. In order to investigate the factors that may cause crime propagation and imprisonment among generations, we use the perspective of life history and position the development of antisocial behavior as the era of collective imprisonment. In doing so, we will learn from literature on disaster sociology and study ways to understand and improve trauma related to intergenerational imprisonment through appropriate policies and interventions. It is possible to judge more appropriately by combining risk factors of antisocial behavior such as prenatal stress of mother, exposure to trauma, group of abnormal companions, with factors that promote resilience and recovery I think that. Interruption of intergenerational tort in the context of mass imprisonment in American society An important concept related to official prejudice in intergenerational communication is labels. Label theory suggests that criminal justice intervention may amplify criminal behavior. For clarity, the label occurs when someone's violation increases after joining the criminal justice system. Public prejudices are defined by intergenerational relationships and parents of convicted parents are at higher risk of being convicted because the public justice system places more emphasis on these children. Child's behavior In this paper Besemer et al. It is an extension of the result of. By combining these two perspectives, by examining whether a child of a convicted parent is more effective than a child whose parent is not convicted Labeling and intergenerational communication crime: interaction between criminal justice intervention and convicted parents

Textbooks feature case studies and discussion questions and major amendments to US food law have been made to provide accessible reports for students and professionals. It presents an overview of federal regulations, regulations and regulatory bodies related to food regulation and introduces case law and statutory plan of food regulation to students He emphasizes the latest contents of the 2011 Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA), the biggest change in the US Food Act since the 1930s Including more than 20% of new materials, especially those relating to rewritten import regulations and food safety regulations, health claims and food defense Introduce case studies and discussion questions on legal application, policy issues and new issues JD, Neal Fortin is a lawyer specializing in Food and Drug Law, Food Safety, Food Labeling, Component Assessment, Biotechnology, Advertisement. He is a professor at the State University of Michigan and teaches American food regulations, Codex Alimentalius and International Food Law Course. He is also a part-time lawyer at the Michigan State University law school where he teaches food and drug law. He is the director of the Michigan State University Food and Legal Control Institute (www.IFLR.msu.edu) and is a director of the MFA Law School's Global Food Program Law program. 10 Food intentional ingredients Safety regulations: coloring and irradiation of food additives, foods 201 Most of lecture materials are from textbooks, food regulation: law, science, policy and practice, 2nd edition. However, purchasing books is optional as all necessary books are available in PDF format. (The authors' fee for selling this book to the classroom will be provided by the Michigan State University Student Scholarship Fund.) Everyone who needs to understand the context of US food regulation should look at this book. This latest edition holds detailed research on the methodology of the revised case manual of the successful predecessor, a detailed study of the food law, discusses new trends and controversies in food regulation, and examines important legal issues Case method research . In addition to exploring regulations, we also need to explore food science, policies and practices. These tasks require application to the theory beyond pure theory of law. Insurance law is insurance legal practices such as insurance contracts and insurance claims. It can be roughly divided into three categories - regulation of insurance business, the contents of regulatory insurance contracts, in particular the contents of consumer insurance contracts, and provisions for billing processing. The earliest form of insurance might be maritime insurance, but before that there were mutual forms (collective self-insurance). Ocean insurance began in the 12th and 13th centuries by Hanseatic League and Lombard's financiers, which are recorded under the name of the oldest trading insurance market Lombard Street's financial city. At the time, the insurance was essentially accompanied by exploration (and development) of a new source of commercialism and new sources of gold, silver, spices, furs and other valuables (including slaves) from the New World . I received a heartfelt license from FrancesMooreLappé, Joseph Collins, Peter Rosset by Food and Development Policy Institute (or FoodFirst.org) by Joseph Collins, Peter Rosset, or Chapter 10 Luis Esparza (Overall Revision and Update). , Grove / Atlantic and Food First Books of October 1998 are posted here. It details the issue of food aid and the United States aid policy, the problems it poses and the problems it really benefits. It is an interesting matter that food is short in the discussion on the population problem. People are enthusiastic because not enough food shortages because the population is rapidly increasing, people can not afford it. Although food may be short, international trade, economic policy and land management bring huge poverty and hunger, there

When we go out, we have to go through many gates. Regardless of workplace, school, shopping mall, supermarket, restaurant, post office, we are all near the building entrance. Sacrificing a few precious seconds in a busy schedule to keep a door open and open will tend to cause a smile. But, it can make some words. This is one of the first phrases we learn as a child, but sometimes it seems not to have learned it. Unfortunately, under normal circumstances, men try to dominate women. This is not to say that women are gasifying other women or women are not using this technology for men. However, the first case is the most common. That is why there are many people who think that it can be classified as "nonsense of feminist" rather than serious abuse. If they think that feminism promotes the theory of gas lights, they are wrong and simple. This is about power. Power creates a sense of right. You can see it in class wars all over the world. For example, some of the rich and educated people in the UK countryside and in the North Shore of Sydney are forced to force people who are classified as low educational, inexperienced, and less rich there is. "I do not know what you are talking about" or "I'm doing this for many years. I am familiar." They can demonstrate their power and influence through depreciation, threats and prejudice . When you are a transgender (without Sys privileges), people often force you to explain or prove your gender identity. The general reaction is to say that "despite the male body, there is still a female brain when born." Trying to refine the complexity of the transgender's experience, the transgender people are intentionally overly simplified. Sounds that ordinary people can understand. In other cases studies that may be referred to by a transgender suggest that trans females are closer to cis females than cis men in some very slim gender bias areas of the brain. (Transgender has a big difference whether we consider this research to be preliminary, effective, or ineffective.) Men often have special brains and women (although not always) specialized brains when trance activists say that the brain can be sexed, but usually they have different kinds of brains There is none. Then, according to this trend, they give labels for men or women to these brains. They mark the brain based on the relationship between the characteristics of the brain and the physical sex of the brain. The labeling of men and women attached to the brain means something different from the words used by men and women to explain gender. This is the reason why the argument of the transgender's "brain" is meaningless.