Nursing theory is the foundation of education and practice in daily patient care. This is a basic concept to explain why nurses act and explain actions. When nurses work, many nursing theories do not sound, but when they want to answer why they want to complete a task, they are definitive. The theory of care that is being carried out today is rooted in history. Nursing theory helps explain and present health care procedures as an explanation, as an inference, or through research and practice. Florence nightingale Nightingale does not have developmental nursing theory, because the theory is defined today. But she provides a philosophical basis for the development and development of other theories for nursing professionals. Through the history of modern nursing, Nightingale's idea of ​​nursing led to theoretical thinking and practical nursing practice. Nightingale believes that care is like a religious calling and can only be answered by a negative and passionate woman. She thinks that nursing is both art and science, and nurses should receive formal education. Her work has not paid attention to the nature of this person, but emphasizes the importance of nursing the patient rather than care about the medical condition. In Nightingale's view, this man is a passive passive recipient, and the main focus of care is to manipulate the human environment to maintain or achieve health. As the founder of contemporary care, Florence Nightingale 's environmental theory has changed the aspect of nursing practice. During the Crimean War she worked as a nurse when observing the correlation between the patient of death and the condition of the environment. Thanks to her observation, environmental theory of care was born. Nightingale explained this theory in her book "Nursing Note: It is something, it is not so". The nursing model developed from the Nightingale is considered to be the first nursing theorist including elements that have not changed since the establishment of modern nursing professionals. It was epochal when this theory was established, but the principle applied is eternal. Since Nightingale, Peplau, one of the first theorists who advocated nursing theory, is considered to be a pioneer in the field of nursing theory development. Prior to Peplau 's work, nursing practice involved acting on a patient to cause the patient to be subject to nursing care behavior, causing behavior to the patient. Peplau's research is the force behind patient conceptualization in the care process (Howk, 2002, pp. 379-380). Peplau's book was first published in 1952, but her model continues to be widely used by clinicians and continues to provide guidance to educators and researchers (Howk, 2002).

Nursing is a dynamic and rewarding career that requires an attractive and moving role model and leader. Identifying and nurturing nurse leaders is one of the biggest challenges faced by nursing professionals in today's constantly changing and demanding health care environment. The concept of leadership is a complex multidimensional phenomenon, which is one of the most notable concepts, but the conclusion of research of more than a century that universally accepted leadership definitions and theories are not actually is. What is a true nurse leader, and how it differs from administration in terms of clarity This discussion will outline the nature of the nurse leader and the importance of nurse leaders in advancing career development, clarify the definitions, and distinguish between nurse manager and nurse leader. Emphasize the importance of evolving and identifying nurse leaders. To pursue a bright future for nurses, this article also reminds us to recognize, avoid, and prevent "negative" leaders. By identifying the future nurse leader correctly, supporting and developing, recognizing the changing paradigm of leadership theory and the background that the future nurse leader is growing up, the ultimate goal of nursing professionals - excellent People-centered care - can be achieved. What is indispensable for the future success of nursing professionals is that informal negative "leaders" should be discouraged, along with the evidence-based leadership qualifications that must be identified and nurtured to lead the profession is there. Introduction In the field of healthcare, it is important to have strong leaders, especially in nursing professionals. Nurse leaders often use multiple leadership styles, depending on the situation presented, and this is called contextual leadership. It is important for professional nurses to choose the leadership style that is appropriate for a particular situation and to maximize the employee's abilities. Based on the style of leadership used by the nurse leader, it may affect the consolidation of employees and the morale of employees, as well as the satisfaction of the work of the nurse (Azaare & Gross, 2011). Nurse leaders are responsible for creating and maintaining public relations activities This discussion will outline the nature of the nurse leader and the importance of nurse leaders in advancing career development, clarify the definitions, and distinguish between nurse manager and nurse leader. Emphasize the importance of evolving and identifying nurse leaders. To pursue a bright future for nurses, this article also reminds us to recognize, avoid, and prevent "negative" leaders. Nurse Leader: Recognizing the essential value and importance of attributes to ensure a prospective future By identifying the future nurse leader correctly, supporting and developing, recognizing the changing paradigm of leadership theory and the background that the future nurse leader is growing up, the ultimate goal of nursing professionals - excellent People-centered care - can be achieved. What is indispensable for the future success of nursing professionals is that informal negative "leaders" should be discouraged, along with the evidence-based leadership qualifications that must be identified and nurtured to lead the profession is there. Nurse Leader: Recognizing the essential value and importance of attributes to ensure a prospective future

The purpose of this paper is to define, explain, and explain the author 's thoughts, emotions, and beliefs about the philosophy of nursing practice. Philosophy is a study of the subject matter, the truth, the essence, and the meaning of the Merriam-Webster online dictionary (nd). I will explain the four concepts of nursing meta paradigm and the relationship that each concept leads my practice as a nurse. Concept synthesis paper covers a list of propositions and hypotheses that clearly connect Personal Care autobiography, two practical specific concepts, and concepts. Jean Watson In the 1980s, Jean Watson developed a theory of human care focusing on the art and science of human care. According to Watson (1985, page 33), "care" is the essence of care, the most important and unified focus of nursing practice. This theory provides a new approach to the conceptualization and maximization of human-human transactions performed daily in nursing practice. . Watson's theory is influenced by the oriental philosophy and is based on metaphysics, mental existentialism, and phenomenological stereotaxy (Fawcett, 1993, p. 220). These effects link Watson 's theory to the work of early theorists like Travelbee, Paterson and Zderad. Compassion is the main concept of Jean Watson's theory of human care. Watson describes love as a moral and moral ideal of care with personal and human qualities. Care is about complex notions of holistology, sympathy, knowledge of critical thinking, skills and expertise. According to Watson (2009), "Maintaining human dignity through human care, human relationships and integrity is ultimately a measure of patient's assessment of treatment-driven experience that they frequently do . "(P. 471)

Jean Watson is a recognized nurse theorist in the United States who founded the theory of human care. The concept of care of humans in Watson is simple, but it has great depth and meaning and for nurses it can work in a compassionate, intelligent, loving and caring manner. All our nurses need human-care theory because our work is to care for other people in a truly sensitive way. The theory is broad and its basic foundation is based on nine interrelated concepts focused on nurses who give consideration, wisdom, love, and care to patients (Watson, J., 1999). The theory of nursing environment is the theory of patient care. In other words, it focuses on patient care, not the relationship between care process, patient and nurse, or individual nurse. In this way, the model must adapt to the needs of the individual patient. Environmental factors affect the condition and disease of various patients. And the nurse has to deal with it on a case-by-case basis so that factors can be changed in the best way for individual patients and others. Her needs Dorothy Orem 's theory of self - health disorder and sister' s Callista Roy's adaptation model are ambitious nursing theories, but their applicability is the same as the middle distance theory. Large scale nursing theory consists of a conceptual model including the main contents of nursing research and oversees the development of midrange theory for nurses and other medical professionals. According to research by Walker and Avant (2011), these theories "conceptually classify medicine from medical care by demonstrating the existence of different nursing viewpoints". Dorothea Orem's Self Care Insufficient Care Theory Orem explains her theory as a general theory consisting of three related theories, self-care theory, self-care deficit theory and nursing system theory. Self-care theory explains why and how people care about themselves. The deficit in self-health theory explains and explains why people can get help through nursing care. Care system theory explains and explains the relationship that must be present and care must be maintained. These three relations theories constitute Orem 's general nursing theory called self care care deficit nursing theory (Berbiglia, 2010; Orem, 1990; Taylor, 2006).

When nurses enter into nursing practice they recognize the importance of using their education to guide their behavior in clinical practice. "Theory is a model that leads thought, presence, and behavior of care" (Parker, 2006, p. 8). Comparative theory can clarify the core structure of the theory and demonstrate the advantages of using a specific theory in actual care. The theories of Martha Rogers and Betty Newman developed almost simultaneously. In other words, you can create different theories in the same world. Nursing theory leads nurses and provides nurses with a framework to support care independence and independence. Prior to the emergence of nursing theory, nurses were considered to be doctors' assistants. Nursing theory tells the nurse to follow not only the parameters of medical professionals but also their own special parameters. This theory clarifies and clarifies the purpose of nursing and nursing practice by setting specialized boundaries to distinguish it from other nursing professionals (McEwen & Wills, 2011). - Popper insists that basic statements are not empirically proven but accepted by choices and customs. This argument is argued by refusing "psychologicalism" and temptation. According to Popper, scientific theory can be regarded as a mist on a wetland full of basic statements; acceptance of theory is based on a conscious decision to accept or reject the evaluation of the basic statement and the theory come. Not all nursing theories are unique nursing theory, many of which borrow and share with other fields. The theory developed by Neumann, Watson, Perth, Orlando, and Pepla is regarded as a unique nursing theory. Nurses borrowed theories and concepts derived from the relevant science to explain and explore the unique phenomena of care. The meticulous attention theory has the broadest scope and presents general concepts and propositions. This level of theory can provide reflection on practice and useful insight, but it is not designed for empirical testing. This limits the use of large-scale care theory to guide, interpret and predict care in certain situations. However, these theories may include concepts that can be used for empirical testing. This level of theory relates to all treatment examples. The scope of the midrange nurse theory is narrower than the big nurse theory and provides an effective bridge between big nurse theory and nursing practice. They propose lower levels of concept and abstraction, leading theoretical research and nursing practice strategies. Compared to macro theory, one of the outstanding features of the mid-term theory is that the midrange theory is clearer and verifiable through testing. The function of middle layer theory includes description, interpretation or prediction of phenomena. The theory of the intermediate range is straightforward and generally takes into account a limited number of variables and limited reality.

In order to maintain the portability of these organs, achieving this ADL is considered to be the greatest concern of nurses (Nicely & DeLario, 2011). . Nurses need to concentrate on maintaining proper body temperature and not to harm the body. (Nicely & DeLario, 2011) Sleep, rest, clothes, grooming These ADLs may not be important for patients with reduced brain function, but nurses are always asking for their dignity and family dignity You should pay attention to ADL. The definition of care of Virginia Henderson Virginia Henderson was regarded as classic, first appeared in 1955. The unique function of a nurse is to help individuals, patients, or good people express activities that contribute to health and recovery (if he has the necessary strength, will or knowledge, he (Henderson, 1966, p.15) Henderson and Bertha Harmer maintain the physiological balance, include the necessity to adapt to the environment, communicate and participate in social exchanges , Trying to figure out the basic human needs that can be considered as the basis of care Her 14 basic needs are published in principles of nursing and practice textbooks which is one of the earliest nursing textbooks It has been. As Jezierski (1997) stated, Henderson's theory is very important for nursing. "Virginia Henderson did a nightingale for caring about the 19th century for the care of the 20th century and she is known as the mother of modern care" (p.386) According to George (2002), Henderson Development of the definition began when I was a nursing student at the Army Nursing School in the 1920s. Her nursing education and clinical practice will help influence and shape the historical evolution of her definition. Henderson helped injured soldiers during the First World War, but she noticed that care is about the importance of completing the care process quickly. When care began in Florence night, nurses learned their nursing practice from theory. Two theorists, Dorothea Orem and Virginia Henderson, have their own opinions about nursing practice. This article explains how to compare and analyze how concepts are related based on these women's theories. Two women developed their own ideas on how to implement care. In 1955, Henderson Henderson, Virginia wrote 14 elements of basic care. It is called the theory of human needs. This theory identifies areas that may be deprived of care when a patient becomes sick and these are the 14 elements of basic care.

Due to the improvement of health literacy, people's lives have never been longer. At the moment the average life expectancy of the Australians is about 80 years, but there is a longer life expectancy, more complicated health problems. This makes it more challenging to offer the best concern and means that being educated is more important Lack of inadequate education and adequate knowledge can lead to high medical expenses. Improving knowledge is an important tool to prevent mistakes and provide higher quality care. Best practice care education and understanding is always professional, constantly updated, constantly seeking improvements, and ultimately to provide the best care to individuals, not just the number obtained every year. The video shows that appropriate education by appropriate professional hands is very powerful. Education helps nurses to help people; they provide nurses with the skills and tools they need to have a positive impact on their lives. Introduction: The importance of optimal clinical nursing education in the development of professional skills can not be denied. In clinical education, nursing students often face problems. Recognizing the perceptions of nursing students to clinical education is the first step to overcome this challenge. Method Description Cross-sectional studies were used to determine nursing student views on clinical education. 150 nursing students were randomly selected from the nursing midwifery school (Tehran). The data collection tool is a questionnaire created by researchers and consists of five fields. Goals and courses, lecturers, student feedback in the clinical field, clinical environment, supervision and evaluation. To calculate the average and standard deviation of each item, please use SPSS, ver.14. Comparison of nursing students' views on clinical education based on age, sex and occupation experience using chi-square test The instructor plays an important role in the future education of nurses. The instructor is a registered nurse assigned to an individual student as a guide to patient care in the clinical field of nurses. The school was asked about dependence on mentors and the presence of instructors in community and emergency medical training. Dependence on community institution viewers. Some programs do not include clinical practice in the community. Some schools will not use the instructor until the upper grade of the course and some schools do not use the instructor at all. Since these formats include programming for 2, 3 and 4 years, the number of programs reported each year is non-uniform. The instructor can play an important role in the practical nurse's education in the future. The instructor is a registered nurse or practical nurse assigned to an individual student as a guide to patient care in the clinical field of nurses. Schools are asked about dependence on mentors, availability to communities and emergency medical practices. Dependence on community institution viewers. Of the 33 schools responded in the first year, 13 schools did not use mentors, 9 schools used mentors, but we have reported that we do not believe that they depend on mentors. In the second year, 16 schools used mentors, but 7 schools did not rely on the plan, 9 depended on them.

Importance of care in American culture Nursing is a field of work, and many people think that they have a certain degree of respect that they themselves are fascinated. We are looking forward to nurses with praise and awe, and we are looking forward to their safety as necessary. What is concerned with satisfying and attractive areas for others? Doctors are often worried, but attention is very important in American culture. Nurses provide comfort, safety, and knowledge of medical support. It is important for nurses to regard themselves as culturally competent, including incorporating cultural desire, cultural awareness, cultural knowledge, cultural skills and cultural encounters into the African American tradition is. . 2 African American Heritage Care Method One of the largest ethnic minorities in America, African-American culture contains various cultural traditions of various African ethnic groups. Importance of care in American culture Nursing is a field of work, and many people think that they have a certain degree of respect that they themselves are fascinated. We are looking forward to nurses with praise and awe, and we are looking forward to their safety as necessary. What is concerned with satisfying and attractive areas for others? Doctors are often worried, but attention is important in American culture. In a world where cultural diversity changes constantly, intercultural care is an important part of nursing profession. Patient social and cultural differences are important for nurse identification and recognition. This helps to prevent the nurse's belief from being imposed on the patient. Japanese cultural beliefs are unparalleled in terms of how to cope with American cultural beliefs concerning labor and delivery. - The main research subject of this paper can be expressed as follows. This can be further subdivided as follows.

Consideration of intermediate range theory in nursing literature In order to understand intermediate scope theory, it is necessary to implement practical knowledge of definitions before trying to apply concepts or classifications to models. Medium distance theory is basically defined as an individual theory with limited real world characteristics combined with a controlled amount of assumptions. These concepts are defined and can be tested (McEwen & Wills, 2011 p. Moderate care theory provides a level of testability that can produce test hypotheses. Since the development of intermediate care theory comes from the theory of large-scale nursing theory and the theory of nursing practice, this theory includes all literature review, clinical practice and guidelines to be followed by nurses. This theory can improve nursing practice because the medium distance care theory is very important for nurses. This theory has become an important point for developing concrete and conceptual conceptual framework among nurses who can practice profession effectively. However, the range of intermediate range nursing theory is limited, but there are still specificities in the ideas and literature contained therein, which will help improve nursing practice. The scope of the midrange nurse theory is narrower than the big nurse theory and provides an effective bridge between big nurse theory and nursing practice. They propose lower levels of concept and abstraction, leading theoretical research and nursing practice strategies. Compared to macro theory, one of the outstanding features of the mid-term theory is that the midrange theory is clearer and verifiable through testing. The function of middle layer theory includes description, interpretation or prediction of phenomena. The theory of the intermediate range is straightforward and generally takes into account a limited number of variables and limited reality. There are many other intermediate distance nursing theories. In fact, it can be argued that the results of each nursing research represents an intermediate theory (28). In the recently published two books, several clearly defined medium-range theories have been proposed. The book includes chapters on pain theory, discomfort symptom theory, self-efficacy theory, rational behavior and planned behavior theory, sympathy theory, chronic sorrow theory, and social support theory. Interpersonal theory, modeling theory and role modeling, comfort theory, health related QOL theory, health promotion theory, negotiation nursing process theory, self - efficacy theory, plan change in theory and elasticity theory (29). All the theories contained in these two books have been tested by nurses, but I do not think that all theories are moderate care theories.

Policies and Procedures in Nursing Practice Policies and procedures in nursing practice are important for nurses to implement and provide quality of care and patient safety. Policies and procedures help nurses prevent mistakes and carry out procedures safely for patients. We also summarize the following organizational guidelines. Policies and procedures are designed to influence and identify key decisions and actions, and actions to be performed within those ranges. Nurses are familiar with the policies and procedures of all organizations related to the document and need to use it as part of the nursing practice. Of particular importance are policies or procedures that maintain efficiency when using "downtime" systems when available electronic systems are not functioning. © 2010 American Nurses Association. No part of the copyright This publication may be, without the written permission of the publisher, by electronic or mechanical or information storage and retrieval system, including a copy or record, prohibited the reproduction or use by any form or means . Policies and Procedures in Nursing Practice Policies and procedures in nursing practice are important for nurses to implement and provide quality of care and patient safety. Policies and procedures help nurses prevent mistakes and carry out procedures safely for patients. We also summarize the following organizational guidelines. - Summary of nursing research A total of six levels of violence were confirmed among registered nurses, including mental, physical, vertical, horizontal, hidden, and the public. The author's article was published in the Journal of Nursing Forum entitled "Nurse's Violence Level at Public Hospitals in Cape Town" (Khalil, 2009). Practice nursing research to judge and understand why nursing occupation causes violence to occupational nurses Nursing practice standards, procedures and facilities of the policy, is derived from the job description, professional standards and practice fields (such as American Nurses Association or the American Critical Care Association). information. The irresponsible use of the device appears to be a clear vulnerability, but it is not always clear. For example, using this device for non-manufacturer uses can be subject to legal risk. Or you can use a device that is not familiar or well trained. If the device has been misused, it will harm to the patient, and you will face legal risk

In each nurse's career, he or she will face a legal and ethical dilemma. One of the vocational abilities of nursing is that nurses "should incorporate ethical and legal knowledge on medical care and professional values ​​into nursing practice". It is important to understand the types of dilemmas that a nurse might face during career and how they dealt with it in the past. It is also important for nurses to understand medical malpractice and how to protect themselves from medical malpractice. Nursing ethics continues to be an important aspect of nursing. Nurses will continue to encounter ethical dilemmas through their careers. What is ethically topic in current medical care is support for abortion, a requirement for nurse influenza vaccine, and a dying problem. Nurses need to be familiar with the ethics of nursing professionals and need to be familiar with their ethical standards. Nurses who can find consistency between personal ethics and professional ethics have the greatest success in maintaining their integrity and ethical quality. Nurses who are satisfied with their ethics and ethical guidance on their decision will have sufficient abilities to provide care to their patients. Nurses are facing many legal or ethical dilemmas, and nurses' law and ethics handbook (1992) states that nurses "take ethical and legal knowledge on medical care and professional value into nursing practice It should be. " It is important to know what kind of dilemma nurse is likely to face in the career and how to deal with it in the past. In this article we will look at one of the dilemmas at a critical event, outline the legal and ethical issues and provide personal thought thinking to demonstrate learning and understanding.

Lack of nurses and replacement of nurses: Effective methods of leadership and management Nurse shortage and nurse replacement are increasingly problematic in the nursing industry. The main reason for this growing problem seems to be that nurses are dissatisfied with certain aspects of their work. Nursing leaders and managerial officials play an important role in job satisfaction and ultimate nurse consolidation. Throughout this article, I will clarify the roles of caregivers leaders and managers and discuss the various approaches they take to ensure satisfaction of their employees and colleagues' jobs, and how they deal with nursing deficits and nurses I will investigate whether to manage to leave. Care deficit and high turnover rate will affect the economic life of medical institutions in the United States. The aim of this paper is to define and discuss the style of leadership and management related to lack of care and nurse liquidity using leaders and administrator theories, principles, skills, and roles, It is to determine the style of care philosophy and personal leadership. "Affordable medical law" has changed the outlook for medical service in the United States. More patients are seeking health care. Mary Force concluded that one of the most serious problems confronting medical services is lack of medical care. By 2020, the current deficiency of registered nurses is estimated to reach 340,000 (Force, 2005). Nursing staff is not enough to meet the stringent requirements of current patient environments in emergency hospitals. The hospital needs a reliable, well-trained nurse Lack of nurses and replacement of nurses: Effective methods of leadership and management Nurse shortage and nurse replacement are serious problems in nursing professionals. The main reason for this growing problem seems to be that nurses are dissatisfied with certain aspects of their work. Nursing leaders and managerial officials play an important role in job satisfaction and ultimate nurse consolidation. - As Finkelman (2006) states, guidance and key career development are used by nurses in any type of collection and occupation and used to develop the leading leadership skills needed by nurses it can. All mentors are our mentors (Finkelman, 2006, p. 390). Currently, my factory has a new graduate counseling program for 6 to several months. This program complements the current mentoring program, and directs new graduates to the target unit.

According to the American Nurses of American Nurses (ANA) (2010), "Nurses work to protect, defend and protect patients' health, safety, and rights" (p. 6). Long-term care responsibilities should be based on the highest standards and be based on legal and ethical obligations. The health care provider's perception and judgment of the health condition of the patient, and consideration of the patient's rights in each act are one of the important elements in nursing work. The International Nurses Council (ICN) (2006) stated that "nurses always maintain standards of personal behavior that reflects professionalism and raises public confidence." In this era of growth of medical technology, the ever-changing communication model and the role of nursing experts are expanding, ethical, legal and social problems in nursing are increasing. Nurses work in the face of ethical, legal and social challenges everyday. These problems are related to law amendment and medical technology ethics and the aim is to make it possible for nurses to provide better medical care to patients. - Inaccurate care assessments and customer data records can adversely affect the health of the patient. Nurses are responsible for evaluating patients appropriately, ethically, legally and ethically. Nurses should also record this data accurately to ensure safe and effective treatment for patients. In this case study, the nurse could not evaluate the patient's weight, but it evaluated. Nurses are important for safety practices and are based on a number of specialized, legal and ethical issues to ensure that patients' best interests are met. The three main principles described in this article are accountability, informed consent and dignity. Nurses are bound by legal and professional requirements to protect patients' safety and health, but there are also ethical issues in providing care. As a nurse, the Nursing Midwifery Commission (2008) states that you are personally responsible for your behavior or negligence and you must be able to protect your actions. NMC reserves the right to remove registration from a nurse if it determines that the behavior is inappropriate. Nurses have personal responsibility for their own standard care, laws and professionals, they should practice within their abilities and abilities and understand the limits.

In the clinical and management process today's medical environment, it becomes more complicated. Providers, new technologies, competition, and various information will contribute to the dissemination of the concept of healthcare as a complex system. The composite system (CS) features the higher-order behavior by a highly connected network entity (for example, a physical object, person or group of people). Interdisciplinary research in the field of CS focused on how to use computational modeling and simulation as the behavior of analysis CS. In a virtual world created by computer simulation, researchers can analyze several variables at the same time and begin to understand the general behavior of discipline regardless. Before having CS, actual implementation by applying the principle of mediation computer simulation, the merits and disadvantages of the new procedures, protocols and practices will inform nursing practice. It includes new computing tools and nursing education increasingly noteworthy applications. For example, to apply CSS and educational computing applications, it is recognized that it is necessary to train nursing medical department nurse association research institute, nurse organization in the United States and leaders for American management I will. The purpose of this paper is to examine the current literature of CS science experts in the actual context and to have a leadership role in impact education nurses. Definition of CS, CS review on literature review and research applications and CS CS theory in nursing leadership education: This article focuses on three main areas. Articles also highlighted the important role of scientists of nursing informatics in new computing tools to analyze complex care systems Theories, research, education and practice are interrelated. Research on a theoretical framework and guidance, education and practice. Research notifies education and practice by providing evidence of best practices for education and nursing care services. Education is the place of learning and the teacher should learn the theory and educational practice in the field of demand / education and be based on the evidence of education and learning research. Environmental practice is that students receive education and provide medical care based on evidence of patients and clients and it also means that nurses will identify future research subjects and experience experiences of new nursing theories I will Nursing Theory The importance of nursing theory is an organizational conceptual framework aiming to instruct nursing practice. Nursing theory helps the nurse to provide scientific evidence-based practice for nurses to help nurses, nurses to become better tools, set the expected outcome. Nursing theory as a profession Nursing. They will support the development of standards to help measure the quality of care. Nursing theory Nursing practice will go hand in hand. Nursing education, training and the theory of professional development of nurses has had an influence on it. Patricia · Benner nursing theorist, model based Dreyfuskill acquisition model. "The theory of nursing skills acquired" Benner's theory shows the difference from five different stages of medical care, such as beginners, beginners, competent, proficient and professional nurses. Analysis of nursing theory is important because nurses can develop over time Each theory has its own nursing significance and importance, both have a big impact on today's nursing theory, it will support education, care and research. Dorothy Orem's self-care theory flaw and sister Calista · Roy adaptation model emerged as a huge nursing theory, but they have the same application and middle range theory. Orem Roy nursing theory places emphasis on nursing practice and based on mutual relationship framework. These theories give priority to the care needs, as well as helping the curriculum to the development theory help both the same way. After some discussion, I have

Florence nightingale is the most famous person in the history of nursing. She is best known for advances in health, hospital statistics, public health and community medicine. Nightingale also widely writes about her religious, political, philosophical views, and how they fulfill their duties as Christians and nurses. The contribution of Florence nightingale to nursing is greatly influenced by her believing in God. Nightingale has written extensively about her spiritual and religious beliefs, and her feelings. The impact of Florence nightingale on nursing art and science So far, the most respected nursing history is Florence nightingale. She saved salvation and critical thought skills of so many lives during the Crimean War, so she will always be a powerful figure in the world of nursing. Without help from the nightingale, there is no way to tell us how long it will take to take care. - Florence Nightingale, the four major nursing campaigns that influenced the influence of Florence nightingale on American care have a great influence on American care. She was born in an influential family and grew up in England. She went to the hospital with her mother. She fostered passion for the patient and those dying. Florence nightingale is well educated. She participated in the UK nursing program at the age of 25. She did not take care of it soon. Florence Nightingale Florence Nightingale was born in Florence, Italy. Her parents gave her a name after the city where she was born. Born on May 12, 1980, she grew up mainly in Derbyshire, England. Many people think she is a nurse when she listens to Florence nightingale and struggles for better hospitalization treatment. Florence nightingale is the most famous person in the history of nursing. She is best known for advances in health, hospital statistics, public health and community medicine. Nightingale also widely writes about her religious, political, philosophical views, and how they fulfill their duties as Christians and nurses. The contribution of Florence nightingale to nursing is greatly influenced by her believing in God. Nightingale has written extensively about her spiritual and religious beliefs, and her feelings. As you know today, nursing professionals are deeply rooted in Christianity. The spiritual role of the practice of Florence nightingale is comparable to that of Christian nurse who dedicated himself to himself.

National nursing leaders believe that it is important that nurses with an associate degree will be returned to school in order to obtain a bachelor's degree within 10 years after acquiring the Associate Degree degree and maintain a license I will. The reason why the bill was passed was patient safety. Nurses of nursing undergraduate degree (BSN) attracted a lot of attention at "Affordable Medical Law" (National Association of Nursing Associations) with low mortality rate, low incidence rate, good outcome in emergency medical environment It is. 2014). As you may know, hospitals nationwide are promoting bachelor's degree in nursing (BSN). Part of the reason for the hospital is to consider the proportion of BSN and senior nurses employed at the hospital in deciding whether ANCC will award the magnet's position to the hospital. In addition, hospitals cite increasingly more studies to compare levels of higher education with better patient outcomes. Hospitals often require various certifications. Certification requirements often depend on occupation. I strongly recommend that you have all the qualifications necessary for your profession. Doing so will make the most of your opportunities. MedSurg and ER, ACLS for PALS and TNCC, and AWHONN Advanced Fetal Heart Certification for L & D and PACU. PALS Nursing is the nation's largest healthcare expert with over 1 million nurses nationwide. Of all regular registered nurses, 6 million people or 84.8% are engaged in nursing. The nurse is the largest single component of the hospital staff, the primary provider of patient care in hospitals, and offers most of the country 's long - term care. The main approach to professional care is a four-year BS in degrees in nursing, compared to technical level practice. Registered nurses are prepared through a 3-year hospital training program with a BSN program, a three-year associate degree in nursing, or a hospital diploma. Everyone is participating in the same state license test. As nursing education changed from hospital administration guidance to university and university system, the number of diploma programs steadily declined - less than 10% of all basic RN education programs.

Care should focus on patient-centered and family-centered care and nurses are patient advocates for patient care. Patient-centered home care means family involvement in this type of care involves decisions made by medical, patients and their families. I think it is important to include this care in the Orange Regional Medical Center (ORMC). It is because we can satisfy the physical, emotional and spiritual needs of patients through hospitalization. Hospice care also values ​​families. The nursing method affects nurses and carers. For families with dysfunction, this may be very difficult. When dealing with family members, we always pay attention to the patient. We must be guided by attention, compassion, kindness, kindness, love, and equality between us and others. I associate most of the understanding of the care model with hospice care because this is my specialty. However, this care model is used in various occasions such as large hospitals, organizations, feminist groups, major universities and so on. The care model includes a call for art and science. It coincides with the new dimension of art, science, humanity, spirituality, and psychiatry and provides a framework to cross it (Watson 2003). Caring can save patients' lives, bring dignified death, and convey trust and dedication to patients, their families, and their employees. I am a professional hospice organization nurse. Care is a core concept to provide hospice care. The patients we meet have a variety of environments, such as my own home, nursing home, retirement center, family house, friend's house. They are often frightened by imminent death and unfamiliar surroundings. They depend on nurses and offer care to make you feel better. Nurses must feel the inner peace of their own death. Nurses must be accustomed to death and death, need to deeply understand and accept all life cycles, and need to prepare for their own death (Watson 2002). Compassion is for painless death with dignity and belief in spiritual transformation and journey after death. "Patients become more aware of the situation, research using information technology and taking care of them.The nurse acts according to the ethics of care and the patient at each care dialogue center Use cultural and leadership skills to support care of nurses consciously strengthening conscious treatment planning and management of patients, such as prevention of disease, health and wellness, management of chronic diseases In terms of counseling, nurses develop and tell care according to patient preferences.

"Perhaps a contemplative practice will provide us with a way to understand the workplace uncertainty and the courage to work at the edge of order and confusion and work ethically" (Ghaye, 2000, p. 7 These two terms must be defined in order to fully understand personal development and introspective reasoning related to your development in the field of nursing. Self-enlightenment means including educational activities that can ultimately create the possibility of improving the quality of life. The introspection process in nursing is aimed at developing professional behavior consistent with individual beliefs and values. The idea of ​​current care insists that nurses need to receive education in order to develop autonomy, critical thinking, sensitivity to others, and their openness (Oermann, 2008 ). Nursing is a practical academic discipline and the preparation of effective care requires us to provide reasonable care to our customers and develop our skills and knowledge through our career To do. They are responsible for making every effort to provide care to patients and their families (Orem, 1995). In order to achieve this goal, nurses must concentrate on their knowledge, skills and actions to ensure that they can meet the demands of this responsibility. She also pointed out that nurses also take into consideration the impact of social forces on themselves and their work. In this article, I will examine my knowledge, skills, and attitudes of my personal and professional development, and show how one aspect of my training evolved in the second year of my nursing degree. Focus on communication, take the transfer of attention as an example. Switching can be explained as communication leading to the transfer of patient information and responsibility (Tregunno, 2009). I recognized this as a complicated problem in the first communication reflection of the first year.

Introduction The definition of nursing informatics outlined by Staggers & Thompson in 2002 defines nursing informatics to support management and processing of nursing information information, to support care and to provide patient care. This combination integrates system information, nursing knowledge, clinical decision support and support, and data into the field of care, converting patient needs to computer programs, and when all members of the health care team need it To access the necessary information. Introduction Nursing informatics is a combination of nursing, technology and data assimilation. Nursing information processing uses technology to systematize and provide healthcare in the most effective and safe way. Nursing informatics includes a myriad of tools specializing in organizing and delivering information, from simple computers to complex electronic medical record systems (EMR). - Certified Nursing Assistant Certified Nursing Assistant is a member of the Healthcare team. It is also known as CNA or nursing assistant. They refer to those who care as resident or patient. In the medical field, CNA is the minimum income, but people who do all the work such as physical labor. They are in contact with residents rather than others, and they are major caregivers. Nursing informatics is a field of care, including nursing, computer and information science, to support nursing practices and to maintain and develop medical data and systems to improve patient outcomes. The technology developed as a result of health care / care informatics includes: Nurse informatics is committed to developing communication and information technology in health care. They will also serve as educators, researchers, software engineers and chief care officers. Please use the "Components" listed above to help develop the evidence-based policies and procedures for your organization The field of nursing informatics is one of the fast growing areas of specialization in today's healthcare. Nursing informatics uses health information technology to improve the health of patients and their families all over the world. Nurse informatics experts streamline care management and communication, greatly improve productivity, reduce the cost of medical services, and improve the quality of patient care. Nurse informatics experts are interested in understanding knowledge of computer software programs (Microsoft Word, Excel), clinical workflow knowledge process of hospitals and effective use of outpatient clinical environment, and knowledge of federal-qualified health care standards Have good computer skills

Everywhere nurses have long struggled to tackle the ethical issues of patient care. In fact, in Florence's Nightingale nursing document she discusses the moral obligation to maintain confidentiality, communication, and centrality to meet patient needs (Nightingale, 1859; Ulrich & Zeitzer, 2009). Likewise, today's nurse must comply with the core ethical virtues, responsibilities and principles of nursing professionals. However, under the complex moral choices and pressure faced by nurses, it is becoming increasingly difficult for nurses around the world to practice in good faith. Today's medical environment imposes high demands on nurses in situations where there are serious employee shortages to meet the diverse needs of patients. Ethical problems can occur in any medical situation and serious ethical issues of "right" or "wrong" are the basis for professional decision making and patient compassion. For example, intensive care nurses often face pain and may question the balance between preserving the value of the patient's life and aggressive physiological measures that prolong the pain and produce no fruitful results. not. Naturally, all members of the medical team including the nurse are affected by ethical decisions because they are dealing with pressures to solve ethical problems, sometimes being exhausted . Connie M. Ulrich, Ph.D., RN, FAAN, Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Associate Professor of Bioethics and Nursing in Nursing and Medicine must deal with daily ethical issues. She suggests that a colleague colleague can train the hospital with a unit ethical mentor that can help solve everyday problems. Cecile Yacat, the nurse manager of the staff circle at the Bronx Rehabilitation Center in New York, agreed to allow families to participate in formulating care plans. Workmen's Circle will hold a pre-care planning meeting with family and interdisciplinary teams to discuss choices for changing care goals, such as participation in hospice care and ongoing activities. Practice of ethical care was strengthened through joint discussions at meetings and conferences. Since 1993, ethics in caring collaborative work has promoted ethical discussions and provided moral education to nurses and other health care providers. Care Annual Conference is an interdisciplinary seminar in the Los Angeles area. Participants can meet national health care providers and share ethical issues, ideas and dilemmas. Nursing ethics continues to be an important aspect of nursing job. Nurses will continue to encounter ethical dilemmas through their careers. What is ethically topic in current medical care is abortion support, the necessity of a nurse 's influenza vaccine, and the dying problem. Nurses need to be familiar with the ethics of nursing professionals and need to be familiar with their ethical standards. Many nursing ethicists distinguish nursing ethical issues from the broader range of bioethical issues encountered by nurses. These nursing ethicalists regard nursing ethics as an independent field because of their own ethical concerns in the relationship between nurses and patients, families, doctors and other experts. The main criterion for distinguishing ethical issues between care and bioethics is that the nurse is a major subject in the context of a medical problem rather than a medical point of view.

Nurses can demonstrate leadership by promoting good care for patients and how they affect their values ​​and behaviors. Leaders are successes and contributions, successful leaders place his / her standards, goals and strategies at a high level. A person can become a leader by appointment or appearance but neither will seek to achieve a common goal of good or evil. In terms of leadership, a positive attitude is important for nurses to solve success, problems, and challenges to fill the gap in the healthcare industry. Care involves many management and leadership opportunities. However, not all nurses are suitable for managing their leadership or other positions. There are various leadership styles, some of which are effective. Institutional leadership influences the quality of medical care provided to patients, their attitudes and values. - Sir Byron once said: "Colosseum is standing but Rome is standing; Rome will fall when the Coliseum falls; Rome falls - the world" Colosseum not only draws Rome The wonderful building technology of people Not only their superiority to other countries. The Roman Empire has influenced most of the cultures and traditions that have been integrated in modern society, but it is an exciting model that a single cultural group can change the world of architecture forever. Just because of its nature, the role of a professional nurse is one of the leaders. In continuing healthcare, we are regarded as leaders regardless of our role and practice. As a nursing student, we are taught to lead colleagues from other support teams, oversee care teams and be responsible for the outcome of patient care. Some nurses lead informal leaders over a period of years, and some nurses formal management positions and leadership roles. However, the roles of management and leadership are all different. Also, titles are often used with the same meaning, but they are not synonyms.

In qualitative research, research samples are often very small. The goal is not statistically representative data, but to acquire abundant data which is an extensive overview (Carter & Little, 2007; Leedy, 2011). In contrast, quantitative research includes theories, predictions, or assumptions that must be verified (Leedy, 2011). The main idea is that the data is universal and the results can be reproduced by statistical reporting and digital reporting (Leedy, 2011, LoBionod-Wood & Haber, 2013). When conducting quantitative research, strict measures have been taken to avoid prejudice, and it is thought that researchers should be able to interpret and interpret information without affecting information (Farrelly, 2013). Quantitative and qualitative studies are two types of EBP studies that nurses implement, evaluate and use to guide intervention and improve patient care (see "Quantitative and Qualitative Studies"). The test can be a specific quantitative or qualitative, or a combination of both. When research projects use both quantitative and qualitative data, it is often referred to as hybrid approach research. Quantitative studies include information expressed in terms of numbers, variables, and percentages. It tries to prove that all problems, dilemmas or assumptions have clear, concrete and objective solutions that can be expressed in digital format. This type of research focuses on specific narrow problems in double-blind trials, and in many cases there are large random groups and variables. For explanation, explanation, or prediction, the collected data can be analyzed with unbiased statistical data. Since the use of qualitative research methods spread throughout healthcare, especially in nursing research, clinical care professionals (CNS) actually need to understand the potential utility of qualitative research results. In this column we will examine the meaning of the results of qualitative research, how to use the increase in qualitative research evidence, and how these findings will be useful for evidence-based medical practice. First, we will explain the background of the discussion to the reader, including the outline of qualitative research and its rationale.

GUS is a life-size mannequin with physiological functions integrated into the computer. Different patient profiles can be selected (eg, a 42-year-old man with coronary artery disease, a 90-year old female with heart failure and atrial fibrillation) and can be trained using different events (Table 1 ). Learners must use critique thinking to identify abnormalities and choose appropriate therapies and interventions. The chest of the manikin changes with breathing; it has cardiopulmonary sound, electrocardiogram, PA and arterial waveform, pulse and nipple response; it reacts physiologically to the treatment. The simulator actually measures the level of inhaled oxygen and if the ventilation or oxygen uptake is insufficient every minute, the simulated oxygen is saturated. It is also possible to measure carbon dioxide levels in exhaled breath. GUS can be inserted or inserted into the tracheostomy tube and can be treated with mechanical ventilation Drug administration can be simulated and the simulator will react physiologically by using a drug identification unit. For example, simulating a morphine injection changes the pupil size of the mannequin and reduces breathing rate, heart rate, and blood pressure. The response to any drug depends on the dose of the drug as well as the weight and clinical condition of the patient at that time. The teacher can pause the simulation to display the assessment, detect the problem, or discuss the treatment. Unlike clinical circumstances, using GUS does not actually harm human beings, so it is a useful learning opportunity. Subsequent results can be seen in the simulation scenario. With this simulator you can teach, strengthen and evaluate the concepts of assessment technology, pharmacology, physiology and pathophysiology, basic and advanced cardiac life maintenance techniques. Through GUS, the classroom turns into a realistic practical environment. Learners can practice skills, manage medicines, and observe the effects of various treatments on the "human" of life at the learner's own pace. Teachers can set and control many variables in the clinical learning environment A state-of-the-art fidelity human simulator is a huge investment. HPS V6 (ie GUS), manufactured by METI (Sarasota, FL), is the only high fidelity model on the market today costing about $ 200,000. Both METI and Laerdal Medical Corp (Wappingers, NY) have created cheaper simulators for analog code and clinical and pre-hospital simulations. The price ranges for these models range from $ 30,000 to $ 40,000 and do not provide much of the physiological functions provided by the drug identifier, gas analysis, or HPS V6. Easy to carry and easy to use than HPS V6 The human patient simulator is an educational strategy that attracts a lot of attention in nursing education now. Although this is very popular, little is known about how to use the simulator in nursing education and how to compare it with other simulation activities already in use. This article explains why the author uses simulation as a learning method. We also discussed simulation activities for nursing education. As a framework to test the application of simulation in nursing technology development, Benner's theory of nursing technology development and Kolb's empirical learning theory are used. Imitation is increasingly prevalent in undergraduate nursing programs and is becoming the foundation of many nursing programs. The purpose of this paper is to emphasize virtual reality (VR) simulation, which is a new simulation education strategy utilizing the technical skills of new generation students. This small preliminary survey focuses on using VR simulation to improve senior nursing student interpersonal skills. In this study, we used iterative measurement designs to evaluate the effectiveness of VR simulation to improve student performance in a series of two VR scenarios. Please use the Emergency Medical Crisis Resource Management (EMCRM) tool to evaluate the studen

The purpose of this article is to discuss the value and beliefs that support modern Scottish mental healthcare. It will also express the importance of these values ​​and beliefs supported by the Scottish government's policies and laws to strengthen contemporary mental healthcare in Scotland. The three main topics covered in this article are to promote recovery in order to increase safety and positive risk. In this article we will explore communication as one of the core concepts of mental healthcare practice. It will also explain the concept of care and attract attention to the basic theory of communication in nursing practice. In this article, we will clarify how communication affects the role of professional nurses in providing high quality care, and the effect that it has on patient integrity. Also discuss the value of communication as a future mental health nurse and conclude various points of discussion and draw conclusions. In Canada, psychiatry and mental health care became professional work through the national accreditation program of the Canadian Nurses Association. Psychiatry - Mental healthcare standards have been developed and published by Canada's Mental Health Nurse Association (CFMHN) to inform and guide expert medical treatment. Well, in the fourth edition (McInnis-Perry et al., 2014), introduction of the standard emphasizes mental illness - mental health care must remain "modern, appropriate and responsive" (P. 3). These requirements indicate that today's spiritual-mental health care is a very complex and challenging way! Therefore, we need to explain each further. Mental and mental health care is a unique nursing profession dedicated to promoting the mental health of our customers. Psychiatric mental health nurse cooperates with clients to manage mental illness. - Mental health seminar courses taught for MSc in social work have a good theme and require complex dialogue on current mental health trends. The recovery model is culturally sensitive and provides a unique approach to empower many participants in the mental health field. As Cohen (2005) discusses failed medical models, many participants are often stigmatized and poorly diagnosed and treated.

In this rapid pace of living and information overtime, the necessity of delaying or stopping the activities or information flooded in our lives and critically evaluating it is increasing. Critical reflection analysis not only provides me with a safe shelter and a comfortable shelter, it also has a reasonable and knowledgeable understanding of the complex nature of the relationship between medical systems, patients, and health care providers We also demonstrate the function. In this article we will explore the relationship between nursing ethics defined by Noddings and their nursing profession. Nursing will easily compare with traditional ethical theory and emphasize areas lacking care. In my opinion, the current nursing ethics is not enough as a leading moral entity in a nursing profession, nursing professionals have learned nursing theory and tried to further expand the independent identity of nursing and medicine . I will extend this issue further and highlight the gray part of the language of interest. Why in the title of this article do you suggest that spirituality in care is a disregarded nursing ethic? In other words, why mental assessment and care is part of ethical care? All nursing ethics assumes mental evaluation and care are part of nursing practice and calls spirituality "care duty." For example, the International Nurse Code of Ethics stipulates that a nurse should prescribe "providing the environment" where human rights, values, customs and spiritual beliefs are respected. "The assumptions underlying these descriptions are that the customer's spiritual and religious beliefs should be determined by the nurse, otherwise careful sensitivity and respect for these beliefs Can you do that? An important aspect of providing care is ethics of care. The National Association of Nurses (ANA) oversees this Code of Ethics. All professional care has many ethical implications. In obstetrics, one of my biggest moral dilemmas is abortion. Does the health care provider have the right to refuse to participate in any medical procedure? By medical ethics, medical staff can receive services that are concerned in this situation. Allowing conscientious opposition to military actions when "actions violate certain moral or moral values ​​on good and evil" (Odell, Abhyankar, Malcom, & Rua, 2014)

To view the full text please login as a subscription user or purchase a subscription. Click here to view the full text of ScienceDirect The clinical and management processes in today's medical environment are becoming increasingly complex. All the different providers, new technologies, competition, and increasingly common information contribute to the concept of health care as a complex system. A complex system (CS) is characterized by a highly connected physical network (eg physical object, person, or person) where higher order behavior occurs. CS interdisciplinary research has focused on computational modeling and simulation as a way to analyze the behavior of CS. By creating a virtual world by computer simulation, researchers can simultaneously analyze multiple variables and begin to understand general behavior regardless of subject matter. Application of CS principles by computer simulation arbitration informs practices of the advantages and disadvantages of new procedures, protocols, and practices before they must actually be performed. Including new computing tools and using them for nursing education are getting more and more attention. For example, education of CS and application computing applications is recognized as a necessary training for nurse leaders by the Institute of Medical Research, the Institute of American Nursing Management, and the Association of American College of Nursing. The purpose of this paper is to review the current research literature on CS science in the context of expert practice and to influence the education of the leaders role of nurses. This paper focuses on three main areas: CS definition, literature review and CS research paradigm, and application of CS theory in nursing instruction and education. This article also explains the important role of nursing informatics in integrating new computing tools into the analysis of complex care systems. Theories, research, education and practice are all interrelated. Research, education, practice should be guided by theory and framework. This research provides information for education and practice by providing evidence of best practices in education and nursing care services. Education is a place to learn and teachers should teach according to the need for education and learning research evidence, education / learning theory, and practice. The practical training environment is that students receive education, provide evidence-based care to patients and clients, and provide nurses with experience to identify future research topics and new care theories. Importance of nursing theory Nursing theory is a systematic conceptual framework designed to guide nursing practice. Nursing theory helps nurses set expectations and provide evidence-based practices to nurses and tools for nurses to become better nurses. Nursing theory makes nursing professionals help them set criteria to help measure the quality of medical care. Nursing theory in nursing practice is closely related. This theory has influenced how nursing education, training, and nurses professionally develop. Patricia Benner is a nursing theorist whose theory is based on Dreyfus' skill acquisition model. Benner's theory "Technical acquisition in nursing theory" shows the differences between five different care phases, including beginners, novices, competent, skilled and nursing skilled nurses. Analytical nursing theory is important as it allows nurses to grow over time.

For centuries, nurses have been given the title "caretaker". Unlike some physicians, nurses are actually taking care of patients, but do not necessarily have doctors; they both have different care methods. Yes, the doctor treats the disease, but nurses are equally important to support the treatment process. Most nurses can have the same education and knowledge as physicians, but the only thing people see is the acronym for name tags, CNA, LPN, RN. And PH.D. Of course, PH.D gains all trust and see how the nurse does not fully diagnose the patient. The medical field is very broad and there are various fields with their own ethical standards and standards. American College of Nursing (ANA) provides nurses with ethical rules that must be followed. "The creation of a nurse's Code of Ethics is a guide to fulfilling care responsibilities in a manner that is consistent with quality of care and professional ethics" (American Nursing Association, 2010). Self-determination right also known as the solution of autonomy, confidentiality obstacles and actions with disabilities Nursing ethics is a field of applied ethics that focuses on activities in the field of nursing. Nursing ethics and medical ethics have many things in common, such as good deeds, fraud other than corrections, respect for autonomy. It can be distinguished by emphasizing human relations, human dignity, and collaborative care. Ethics of nursing tends to examine care ethics rather than "cure" by exploring the daily interactions between nurses and caregivers. Early research defining ethics in nursing care is paying more attention to the benefits of becoming an excellent nurse, historically including loyalty to doctors than nurse's behavior in nursing care. Many nursing ethicists distinguish nursing ethics issues from the broader range of bioethical issues encountered by nurses. These nursing ethicists regard nursing ethics as an independent field because of their own ethical concerns in the relationship between nurses and patients, families, doctors and other experts. An important criterion for distinguishing between nursing ethics and bioethics is that the viewpoint of nursing is the main subject in the context of medical problems rather than medical point of view.

These are the forefront for trusting surgeons to monitor and observe hemodynamic complications and abnormalities. The signs and symptoms of Temponade are massive drainage of hypotension, sinus tachycardia and chest drainage. In this case, the surgeon may not be around because the surgeon has to go to another patient. Or during the night shift, only the senior nurse is in charge of the ward. In order to speed up this discussion, Lewin's Kurt Lewin (1947) force field analysis was used by the authors to evaluate and discuss 'binding force' and 'driving force'. And it helped to promote the transition to the desired direction. A: Nursing is composed of various fields in a wide range of fields. Nurses can choose to specialize in every field based on their interests and career goals. Some of the main areas of expertise are: Oncology care, pediatric medical care, medical care, adult medical, surgical medical, regional medical, emergency medical and occupational health. A: In recent years, medical administration has achieved rapid growth. As the medical industry becomes more complex, nurses are trying to acquire MBA degrees and qualifications to improve skills and career prospects. Nurses with MBAs not only focus on clinical knowledge but also fully understand management. Registered nurses can specialize in many fields. One of these fields is called regional medical care. This field includes public health, school education, home health care. Each department has its own unique change to the nurse, and the nurse needs to focus on various topics according to the occupation that he has chosen, and each field needs excellent education. Public health focuses on diseases and prevention in the community. The team can consist of a group of nurses or nurses. Public health nurses work as "contacts" of people with power, turning medical practice into daily "outsiders" and becoming supporters of people. Public health nurse has big responsibility because it aims to improve the lives of local people. Most people go to work, sit on the desk, teach classes, and explain the work. I am not a nurse. Many nurses are beyond the scope of their duties. Before leaving the hospital the patient is always awake and knows that your help is needed, so it's more than just guaranteeing that the patient can stay overnight all night. For the purposes of this article, the above terms and the above terms are wider than what you are actually doing for your patient. It also covers emotional and spiritual support provided by these people. The real problem the nurse faces everyday is "Is this also your work?" People may want to know what their work is? Although not necessarily, 96% of nurses believe that patients are responsible for preparing their lives, according to a survey by a medical team sponsored by Medscape.com. But then 72% said they felt uncomfortable and brought bad news to patients and their families (McLennon et al)

This reflects my confidentiality obligation and understanding of privacy, and the patient has the right to understand my health condition and the reaction of sympathetic nerves of nursing profession. Care as a careful occupation requires acceptance of communication, caring, trust and respect, in order to establish and maintain a strong therapeutic relationship with patients and their families. I will present important experience gained as a student nurse in clinical practice in obstetric gynecology at a hospital trained in China. Because of personal information shared between the patient and his or her nurse, patient confidentiality is an important discourse in nursing profession. For all medical institutions, patient confidentiality is very important and nurses need to know how to record all contents and who has the right to view them. Nurses need to know not only the place to provide the appropriate means to record information but also familiarize themselves with the health knowledge necessary for medical facilities. Privacy and confidentiality are important aspects of nursing. It is important for graduate school nurses to understand and respect the necessity of patient confidentiality. As a medical professional, this is the connection of nurses to patients and colleagues. Nurses have a moral responsibility to protect the information they receive when caring for patients. When patients entrust their health care and personal information to nurses, they want to keep them secret (Erickson & Millar 2005, page 1). Patient 's obligation to keep confidentiality is one of the cornerstones of care for the future. Maintaining the dignity of patients is important and nurses are confident in their patients and are obliged to comply with them. ANMC 's Value Statement 7 Article 4 The nurse code of ethics clearly states that nurses should observe and adhere to measures to protect patients' confidentiality obligations. Value Statement 3 of the SNB, Ethical and Professional Code of Conduct supports this, but the nurse says that confidentiality of all customer related information should be protected.

Introduction The process of life is born, old, sick and dead. In our life, we took various diseases. This is a good reason for absent school, work, or other daily work activities. However, as a sociologist, people playing a bad role are considered guilty and are considered abnormal behavior (Peter & Meredith, 1998). In the structural function model, people take on various tasks and roles in society and various institutions. An introductory workshop on the application of nursing procedures to the legal, ethical and organizational dilemmas encountered in routine practice. This includes considering the role of staff nurses within the organization and as a member of the care and healthcare team, students should have the knowledge necessary to effectively fulfill the role of staff care. We discussed the legal limit of nursing practice and the tendency of nursing practice. NURS A 295 intensive clinical practice 2 CR contact time: 4 + 64 preconditions: NURS A 220 minimum level C and NURS A 220 L minimum level C and NURS A 222 minimum level C and minimum level C and NURS A 222 L registration restriction: healthy. Grade mode: pass / fail special rate Remarks: 2 week period. There is a lecturer and a 2-hour seminar for 32 hours a week. Some improvement may be necessary The theoretical framework always leads to the practice of nursing and the nurse obeys the concept of the theoretical framework without knowing it. This article highlights the applicability of the Dorothea Orem theory in patients with mental disorders. Dorothea Orem has revealed the role of nurses and individuals who are in need of nursing care. She calls it self-care disabled care theory. Orem defines various concepts and explains each aspect in detail. She is trying to explain the role of a nurse by referring to terms such as care system (full compensation, partial compensation, support and education system) and nursing authority (ability). She defines the patient as a self-health disorder with less drug (ability) and need (universal, developmental, health related, and treatment). In this article I will explain the usefulness of the actual theory, actually bring dramatic change and let patients recover quickly. Quote: Irshad Ali BH (2018) Orem Self Care deficit theory in the application of mentally disabled people. Ann Nurs Pract 5 (1): 1093

This article explains the mental health status of children, adolescents, adults and elderly in high-income countries, middle-income countries and low-income countries. From the focus on psychopathology to researching individuals and communities to reduce stigma and to how to care for all individuals in abundant resources and poor resource situations, explain the social determinants of health. Also, the content of the extended nursing curriculum was discussed to incorporate mental health concepts into training at all levels to promote mental health research and to promote international cooperation on best practices . I am delighted to see CJNL focusing on nursing leadership. Bring changes to mental health and addiction. Through this question, while emphasizing the importance of tackling mental health issues towards society, while clarifying the continuing problem, while clarifying the ongoing problems, we will examine the outcomes of care of patients and their families We need to improve. Shame has always been considered an important task for mental illness. In recent years, the social dialogue on mental illness has changed drastically, but the assumption that stigma is decreasing does not hold true. Indeed, some people believe that this stigma has actually increased (Canadian Mental Health Committee, 2012). For many people, prejudice of psychosis (or their families) is often worse than disease itself (Canadian Mental Health Commission, 2012). Mental health is a global problem. Mental illness affects people of all races, classes, nationality. Acquisition of mental health resources is a global crisis that is compromised (or promoted) under the influence of various fields of society such as law, medical care, community, employment, interpersonal relationships and individuals. Psychosis is not a real illness, it only affects weak or shameful shame These shame penetrate these levels. This includes the release of mental health care by the government, dismissal of medical professionals or avoidance of mental illness, communities of the most dangerous members, and families behind secret walls. Provide the basic theory and principles of mental health care for clients experiencing mental disorders or situational crisis. This includes identifying resources for mental health management and discussing the interrelationships between physical and mental health disorders throughout the lifecycle. I explored the role of practical nurses in mental illness. Transition time from the role of NUPN A 116 to LPN 1 CR: 1 + 0 Precondition: The lowest level C of NUPN A 110 and the lowest level C of NUPN A 112 and the lowest level C of NUPN A 115 and the lowest level of NUPN A 110 L are P and NUPN A 112 L The lowest level is P and NUPN A 113 L, the lowest level is P. Registration restrictions: Register for practical nursing certificate course. Core: NUPN A 118 L. Grade mode: pass / fail special rate

To plant beliefs - hope. The focus of this factor is to promote not only their physical aspects but also the health and well-being of the whole person. The goal of this factor is to make patients healthy. However, if there is no hope for the customer in the future, this is unlikely, and our carer's job is to plant this hope in the patient. Even if there is no answer to modern science, our nurse can still help healing by giving hope. Increase your sensitivity to yourself and other people. Jean Watson In the 1980s, Jean Watson developed a theory of human care focusing on the art and science of human care. According to Watson (1985, page 33), "care" is the essence of care, the most important and unified focus of nursing practice. This theory provides a new approach to the conceptualization and maximization of human-human transactions performed daily in nursing practice. . Watson's theory is influenced by the oriental philosophy and is based on metaphysics, mental existentialism, and phenomenological orientation (Fawcett, 1993, p. 220). These effects link Watson 's theory to the work of early theorists like Travelbee, Paterson and Zderad. Jean Watson's care theory played an important role in today's care structure. Watson's theory is practiced in various medical fields all over the world. One of these theories in the care process. First of all, it is necessary to evaluate patients, planning, intervention and evaluation. There are many studies that demonstrate that these theories can effectively treat and care patients through this consistent approach. In this article, I will explain in detail the various learning factors that I learned and actually practiced. I will discuss various examples of Watson's care theory and its applications. This explains the importance and importance of this approach. Nursing is also based on some of the more scientific approaches, Watson's theoretical basis. This is consistent with the changing nature of the philosophy of science and history, and many ways to improve nursing knowledge. Watson (1999) Compassion is the main concept of Jean Watson's theory of human care. Watson describes love as a moral and moral ideal of care with personal and human qualities. Care is about complicated concepts of holistology, sympathy, knowledge of critical thinking, skills, and expertise. According to Watson (2009), "Maintaining human dignity through human care, human relationships and honesty, after all, is a measure of evaluating the experience that patients have frequently taken the treatment. "(P.471)

"The new day brings new power and new ideas" - Eleanor Roosevelt. The traditional medical approach is reviewed through evidence-based practice (EBP) process. This is a multi-step process to study how to collect research data in combination with scientific theory. The purpose of this paper is to explain the role of EBP and the value of EBP in various clinical settings. With EBP, nurses can make clinical decisions using "best available research evidence, clinical expertise, and patient preferences" (Razmus 2008). Evidence-based nursing practice focuses on ongoing evidence, theory, and research cycle to develop and coordinate ideas for medical practice. As changes in practice promote further research, the theories developed from this study can serve as evidence of further change in practice. Implementation of evidence-based practice in nursing, also known as a systematic review, requires review of such studies aimed at addressing and improving inappropriate practice. Nursing research is a research that provides evidence to support nursing practice. Nursing is a field of practice based on evidence since the era of Florence nightingale, and now many nurses work as researchers of universities and medical institutions. Qualitative research is based on a paradigm such as phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnographic journalism and the like, and in particular, while paying attention to the importance of individuals, the experience of people receiving and providing nursing care Examine you. The most commonly used research methods are interviews, case studies, focus groups, ethnographic magazines. Nurses, practicing nurses, and doctors are working hard to practice evidence-based practice. In the 1970s, when a group of doctors at McMaster Medical College in Canada proposed a new learning theory, the term evidence medicine appeared. They believe health care decisions should be based on external evidence. This idea was very innovative at the time and began a practical exercise based on evidence. The campaign began with a book published in the UK Cochran Collaborative Study Group in the early 1970s. This article reveals that nurses and doctors lack reliable evidence to support decision-making. Books simply write a summary of their research and encourage scientists to use them for healthcare providers. Today, Cochrane Collaboration is known worldwide for systematic review publications.

Introduction to Theory and Research In this article we will focus on quantitative related research methods used in research studies such as the attached article "Horse Shaw Alger Life". Social research is a collection of methods people use to systematically combine theories and thinking to create knowledge. Because of its complexity, researchers must be able to carefully choose the method that best meets their research goals. Quantitative research methods include experiments, content analysis, existing statistics (related) and investigations. The most fundamental research and theoretical textbooks discuss the importance of theoretical research and determine differences and duplications of terms. There are many levels in the theory. The theory extends from formal and abstract (eg macro theory) to narrower definitions and practices (eg middle and practice based theory). The theory consists of assumptions, concepts, and propositions. Theoretical or conceptual framework is underdeveloped. The conceptual model is wider than the theory and does not specify the relationship between concepts (Polit & Beck, 2014). However, regardless of their level of abstraction, you can build research using all of these theoretical levels. Medium distance theory - This theory was developed by Robert K. Merton (social theory is aimed at integrating research on theory and experience). It is currently the de facto dominant way of building sociological theory, especially in the United States. In addition to mid-range theory, it does not include specific theories, but includes terms of theoretical composition. Please tell me the difference between nursing theory, big theory and medium distance theory. Nursing theory; the difference between Big Theory and Middle Range Theory Middle distance theory is a sociological theoretical method aimed at integrating theoretical research and empirical research. It is currently the de facto dominant way of building sociological theory, especially in the United States. Mid-range theory starts with empirical phenomena (as opposed to a wide range of abstract entities such as social systems) and creates general statements that can be abstracted and verified by data. Mathematical theory, also known as formal theory, uses mathematics to build social theory. The aim of mathematical sociology is to adopt a sociological theory that is strong in terms of intuitive content, but weakly and formally expressed from a formal point of view. Advantages of this approach include the ability to improve clarity and use mathematics to derive a theoretical meaning that can not be derived intuitively.

Criticism of traditional ethical theory Virginia Herder advocates many criticisms of traditional ethical theory in her articles. Nursing ethics can be regarded as also applicable to other widely accepted ethical theories such as Kant's ethics. Nursing ethics recognizes the importance of interpersonal relationships, especially interpersonal relationships within families. Whether they are born or later years, they need to take care at some point in their lives. Caring for people who can not provide enough care for themselves is an important part of a moral society. Nursing ethics is also the basis of feminist ethics theory focusing on nursing. These theories suggest that care is a matter of morality. Criticism about how Sara Ruddick, Virginia Held, Eva Feder Kittay society creates care workers suggests that caregivers and carers should be in the public domain or the private domain. This proposed moral paradigm shift encourages the idea that compassionate ethics is a social responsibility of both men and women. Joan Tronto considers the definition of "care ethics" to be ambiguous. This is partly due to the lack of a central role in moral theory. She believes that care seems to play an important role in this philosophy, given that moral philosophy is related to human good. But that is not the case. Tronto further emphasizes the relationship between care and "nature". Like Ruddick, Virginia Held discovered that the relationship between mother and child is a good example of human relations. Harder is concerned that not only traditional morals discount female morality but also male morality can be regarded as gender neutral morality. She argues that these paradigms experience men over women 's experience - if traditional morality is actually neutral to gender - it does not support the paradigm - eg the contract model -. In Herder's estimate, too many traditional ethicists considers interpersonal relationships to be moral, so it helps the different benefits of individual rational contractors. But life is more than just confrontation, competition, and controversy - about getting what you want. As my mother knows, it is also about cooperation, consensus, and community - about meeting the needs of other people Traditional ethics focuses on humans, but environmental ethics focuses on nature. Environmental ethics often includes criticism of human abuse and exploitation in nature. Some theories argue the intrinsic value and rights of the existence of nature, others insist on the utilitarian view of humanitarianism. In addition, some theories include critical verification of humanity, modernity, civilization, and culture. Environmental ethics influences a wide range of fields including law, sociology, theology, economics, ecology, geography.

1 Australian Institute (UTS) technology in Sydney, Sydney's Health University; 2 nursing Australian school and Western Sydney, Sidney Midwifery University, 3 nursing John Nurskins University, Baltimore, Maryland; 4 South Australian Cross College , Lismore, Australia Abstract: In many parts of industrialized countries, the challenges of modern hospital care that the labor force is facing, changes in consumer expectations and needs, financial constraints, access to medical services, demand has increased, Centered medical service and information mission related to quality level Issues and health management Effective governance is essential to maximize the effective management of hospital care. The role of leaders in the clinical setting can be seen in this complex literature. In academic literature and various government reports he has reiterated the effective clinical leadership to consistently and reliably provide safe and effective care of high quality healthcare systems. It is indispensable for the recent inquiry fee and ongoing improvement of implementation quality and quality of care and patient safety, promoting the participation of clinicians and clinical leadership. In this discourse, we need to take into account the clinical leadership definition, take clinical leadership into clinical management, consider clinical leadership, clinical functions, quality and wealth for effective leaders A comprehensive literature to describe is considered to be related to care in hospital and discussion of potential factors and barriers to effective clinical leaders in clinical leaders and hospital departments It is generally Recognizing the importance of effective clinical leadership, although participating in clinical leadership, it is still a considerable obstacle. Future strategies should be aimed at addressing these barriers to improve the quality of clinical leadership in hospital care At the current clinical site, a high-quality medical system that ensures safe and effective medical treatment consistently is secured by effective clinical guidance. Therefore, it is useful for medical professionals to be able to determine the style and theory of leadership related to their medical practice. These styles work better to identify nurses to develop their skills to become better leaders, as well as improve relationships with colleagues and leaders, but also work in front It was difficult to do. This article is intended to use a variety of leadership theories to explain the general scenario in the clinical environment to increase leadership efficiency. Finally, we found that different situations require leaders to know the way they are most effective in certain circumstances to achieve the organization's goals, and require different leadership styles Leadership in clinical practice of nursing has also been identified as being at risk. In 1996, above qualitative research, the role of non-profit hospital CNO in three flagship hospitals has changed, changed the role of leadership in the clinical CNO clinical not up to the growth and strength of the role management responsibility It is. Similar changes are also experienced online. While incumbent persons spend less time with individual unit managers, the management scope of medium level care supervisors expands. Unit managers are not willing to contact the Intermediate Care Director. Nobody can help them contemplate issues or problems that require attention. Likewise, the management scope of the nurse unit manager has also expanded. To reduce the number of managers of three hospital nurses, some nursing managers are currently in charge of multiple patient care units (Clifford, 1998)

Moral Theory and Personal Relations In his article "Schizophrenia in Contemporary Ethical Theory", Michael Stoke is a mainstream ethical theory, ie, resultismism and moralism is a personal relationship that keeps love, friendship, compassion I believe it is incompatible. Because they all emphasize the responsibilities, obligations and justice of the role and ignore the role of motivation in morality. Stoke pointed out that great things in life, that is love, friendship etc., basically have certain motives and exclude other motivations as required by mainstream ethics 11. "Petrotton is thinking about this The moral theory known as "care ethics" means that the fundamental elements of relationship and dependence in human life have moral significance. Normally, nursing ethics aims to maintain relationships by mediating and promoting the happiness of caregivers and caregivers in social networks. "Care", which is often defined as practice or virtue rather than theory itself, involves maintaining the world of one's own and others, and fulfilling their needs. It is based on motivation for care for dependents and disadvantaged groups, inspired by care memory and self idealization. Following the sentimental tradition of moral theory, compassionate ethics confirms the importance of eliciting motivation, emotional and physical importance in moral deliberation, and reasoning from detail Nursing ethics (or nursing ethics or EoC) is a normative ethical theory that believes that ethical behavior concentrates on interpersonal relationships and care or kindness. EoC is one of a series of normative ethical theories developed by feminists in the second half of the 20th century. Resultualism and moral ethics emphasize universal standards and fairness, but nursing ethics emphasizes the importance of responding to individuals. The difference between general and individual is reflected in their different moral issues: "How do you deal with"? "How do you respond?" Gilligan said the application of generalization criteria is "moral It promotes blindness and there is a moral problem, "he criticized. Are you indifferent? " In contemporary moral and physical science, morality is thought to change through personal development. Many psychologists have created a theory about moral development and have often experienced different phases of ethics. Lawrence Kohlberg, Jean Piaget and Elliot Turiel have the moral forms of these theorists in a cognitive developmental approach to moral development, a series of constructive stages or fields. In the nursing ethical approach established by Carol Gilligan, moral development takes place in the context of compassion and interdependence based on interdependence, especially in child rearing and social relations. Social psychologists such as Martin Hoffman and Jonathan Haidt emphasize the social and emotional development of biology such as empathy.

Ethical theory Hedonism and self realization are ethical theories derived from the work of Greek philosophers and have developed many fields through the history of mankind. Hedonism is based on understanding of happiness (or happiness) and painful avoidance of someone's ultimate goal and therefore establishes an ethical basis for efforts to make people happy. In the early stages, hedonism took the form of individualism in the theory of Cyrenaic and Epicurean. In order to live a good life, Cyrenaics actively seeks the moment of strong joy (any period) from our daily life and encourages us to keep the feeling and the body happier than getting happiness. Meta ethics is one of the three ethical fields commonly recognized by philosophers, the others are moral theory and applied ethics. Moral theory and applied ethics include normative ethics. In the 20th century, most of academic philosopher's work on ethics was related to meta ethics. Normative ethics solves the problem "what is morally or morally good or bad". What is meta ethics is "What is (moral or moral) goodness?" "What does it mean to say good things?" "What is justice?" "How is moral theory correct? Can you justify? "" How do you perceive or recognize that it is morally appropriate? "" Nursing ethics is a normative ethical theory, and is generally considered to be virtue ethics. The traditional ethical theory led by Utilitarianism and Kant's moral ethics is based on the understanding of society and emphasizes rules, duties, justice, rights, justice, and universality, while autonomous and rational It is an individual group. While gender, utility, and preference are satisfied, on the other hand, nursing ethics is developed based on mutual understanding and mutual dependency of individuals and emphasizes the importance of virtue based on interpersonal relationships and emotions such as kindness and kindness doing. , Care, friendship, reconciliation and sensitivity. In nursing ethics, family is a major field of morality, people can nurture their personality. Nursing ethics (or nursing ethics or EoC) is a normative ethical theory that believes that ethical behavior concentrates on interpersonal relationships and care or kindness. EoC is one of a series of normative ethical theories developed by feminists in the second half of the 20th century. Resultualism and moral ethics emphasize universal standards and fairness, but nursing ethics emphasizes the importance of responding to individuals. The difference between general and individual is reflected in their different moral issues: "How do you deal with"? "How do you respond?" Gilligan said the application of generalization criteria is "moral Because it creates blindness, there is a moral problem. " Are you indifferent? "

Ethical theory of theft All human societies and communities have basic moral principles that constitute certain moral principles. Centuries ago, these principles and rules were enacted; they are fundamental principles that make up human behavior and are therefore included in all major religious and moral systems. One of the basic rules is "do not steal". This is what children have taught from a young age. In today's rapidly evolving and rapidly changing world of today, ethical issues and problems are becoming increasingly important and urgent issues. The first way is to find a way to apply the principles of moral theory. Philosophers try to modify the classical representation of moral principles to apply them to current ethical issues. The two major ethical theories used today are Utilitarianism and moral ethics, and other ethical theories contain virtue ethics such as Aristotle, Confucianism, and ethics based on religion. However, this method itself is difficult. All ethical theories are based on different principles and have a certain rationality, but there is no theory that can comprehensively cover all aspects of the problem. impossible Nursing ethics is a normative ethical theory, and is generally considered to be virtue ethics. The traditional ethical theory led by Utilitarianism and Kant's moral ethics is based on the understanding of society and emphasizes rules, duties, justice, rights, justice, and universality, while autonomous and rational It is an individual group. While gender, utility, and preference are satisfied, on the other hand, nursing ethics is developed based on mutual understanding and mutual dependency of individuals and emphasizes the importance of virtue based on interpersonal relationships and emotions such as kindness and kindness doing. , Care, friendship, reconciliation and sensitivity. In nursing ethics, family is a major field of morality, people can nurture their personality. Nursing ethics (or nursing ethics or EoC) is a normative ethical theory that believes that ethical behavior concentrates on interpersonal relationships and care or kindness. EoC is one of a series of normative ethical theories developed by feminists in the second half of the 20th century. Resultualism and moral ethics emphasize universal standards and fairness, but nursing ethics emphasizes the importance of responding to individuals. The difference between general and individual is reflected in their different moral issues: "How do you deal with"? "How do you respond?" Gilligan said the application of generalization criteria is "moral Because it creates blindness, there is a moral problem. " Are you indifferent? "

The theory of interactiveism focuses on the interactions and relationships established between nurses and their customers to meet customer needs (Thorne, 2012, pp. 70). Hildegard Peplau is one of the theorists who contributed to this theory. According to Forchuk (2007), she was born on September 1, 1909 in Reading, Pennsylvania. After graduating from Pennsylvania Hospital Nursing School she got a Bachelor of Arts in Interpersonal Psychology and a Master of Science in Psychiatry Science. It leads to the development of psychiatry medical (Forchuk, 2007). Hildegard Peplau Hildegard Peplau is a psychiatric nurse and combined with her research and experience in the development of psychodynamic nursing theory was published in Interpersonal Relationship Care (1952). Based on his knowledge and knowledge of other fields, Peplau defines the concepts and phases involved in the development of nurse - client relationships. From this relationship she identified the roles of nurses as strangers, resource persons, teachers, leaders, agents, and counselors. Peplau developed a medium scale theory focused on care and people and did not incorporate all aspects of the meta paradigm into her theory. Other theories may treat nurse's relationship differently, but the advantage of this relationship in nursing still exists. Hildegard Peplau (1952, 1991, 1992, 1997) was one of the first nursing theorists who explored the relationship between nurses and patients and care communication. Peplau emphasized the interrelationships of interpersonal relationships between nurses and patients and developed innovative theories and theories of interpersonal relationships. The theory of Peplau is that as nurses think about what they are doing, shifting the idea of ​​care to patients from what they are doing, thereby taking care as a process of interaction and cooperation between nurses and patients Is assumed. The interpersonal theory of Hildegard Peplau has various aspects related to Austin Peay School of Nursing Philosophy. Austin Pey School of Nursing points out that the Austin Pey Care program focuses on four types of care: people, nurses, the environment, and health. Peplau's theory is based on "recognizing the importance of care rather than defining and describing care" (Pearson, 2005, p. 179). Therefore, the interpersonal peep Lau theory is very similar to the philosophy students follow, and can be applied to various aspects through nursing careers.

Kant and virtue ethicists have different views on how to become good people. Kant's ethicologist believes that being a good person is a matter of "goodwill" perfectly. On the other hand, virtue ethicists think that being a good person is a matter of having a good character, or of course having a tendency to do the right thing. In determining the interests of a person, the parties provide effective discussion on the most important things. The purpose of my writing is to distinguish Kant's ethics from virtue ethics and then explain which theory is most accurate. At the beginning of this article, I will define and analyze the concept of virtue ethics In the next paragraph, I will distinguish the three moral theories by enumerating these features, ie utilitarianism, virtue ethics and cantism I will try. I also tried to apply virtue ethics to two problems of corruption and euthanasia, world ethics. "Virtue is related to personal moral evaluation and its behavior" (Brody, 1988, p. 35), so morality can be applied to global ethical problems like corruption and euthanasia There is not much difficulty though. Nursing ethics is a normative ethical theory, and is generally considered to be virtue ethics. The traditional ethical theory led by Utilitarianism and Kant's moral ethics is based on the understanding of society and emphasizes rules, duties, justice, rights, justice, and universality, while autonomous and rational It is an individual group. While gender, utility, and preference are satisfied, on the other hand, nursing ethics is developed based on mutual understanding and mutual dependency of individuals and emphasizes the importance of virtue based on interpersonal relationships and emotions such as kindness and kindness doing. , Care, friendship, reconciliation and sensitivity. In nursing ethics, family is a major field of morality, people can nurture their personality. Nursing ethics contrasts with a well-known ethical model such as result-based theory (such as Utilitarianism) and moral theory (eg Kant's ethics). Because it tries to incorporate traditional women's virtues and values. Advocate - This traditional moral model does not exist. These values ​​include the importance of empathy and compassion. Feminism focused on care is a field of feminist thought provided primarily by nursing ethics developed by Carol Gilligan and Nel Noddings. This theory system is important to depreciate because it is concerned about how it is distributed to women of society. They are taught that "feminists emphasizing care is to see women's care as a human force" and wrote that they should be expected by men and women. Nodding suggests that moral care may be a more specific evaluation model of moral dilemmas than justice ethics

Introduction It is difficult to determine the boundary of the right to die in dignity. Maintaining patient comfort at the terminal stage is a pleasant treatment, but we believe there may be a very delicate boundary between end-of-life sedation and euthanasia. In theory, comfortable care is very different from euthanasia. Keeping patients comfortable and getting in nature on track is the core of comfort (Gamliel, 2012). However, the boundary between maintaining comfort and promoting death is often blurred. (10 points :) What is an example of moral or moral problems, and does nursing ethics seem to be superior to traditional norm ethics? What is an example of moral or moral issues, and does nursing ethics seem to be inferior to traditional normative ethics? In the past several hundred years, morality has focused on such questions, "What is correct?" The answer to this question is based on many normative ethics, including the theory we studied Has been provided by theory: moral self-interest, utilitarianism, Kant's moral theory and social contract theory Nursing ethics (or nursing ethics or EoC) is a normative ethical theory that believes that ethical behavior concentrates on interpersonal relationships and care or kindness. EoC is one of a series of normative ethical theories developed by feminists in the second half of the 20th century. Resultualism and moral ethics emphasize universal standards and fairness, but nursing ethics emphasizes the importance of responding to individuals. The difference between general and individual is reflected in their different moral issues: "How do you deal with"? "How do you respond?" Gilligan said the application of generalization criteria is "moral Because it creates blindness, there is a moral problem. " Are you indifferent? "