Virginia Held's Essay, Criticism’s against Traditional Ethical Theories

Criticism of traditional ethical theory Virginia Herder advocates many criticisms of traditional ethical theory in her articles. Nursing ethics can be regarded as also applicable to other widely accepted ethical theories such as Kant's ethics. Nursing ethics recognizes the importance of interpersonal relationships, especially interpersonal relationships within families. Whether they are born or later years, they need to take care at some point in their lives. Caring for people who can not provide enough care for themselves is an important part of a moral society.

Nursing ethics is also the basis of feminist ethics theory focusing on nursing. These theories suggest that care is a matter of morality. Criticism about how Sara Ruddick, Virginia Held, Eva Feder Kittay society creates care workers suggests that caregivers and carers should be in the public domain or the private domain. This proposed moral paradigm shift encourages the idea that compassionate ethics is a social responsibility of both men and women. Joan Tronto considers the definition of "care ethics" to be ambiguous. This is partly due to the lack of a central role in moral theory. She believes that care seems to play an important role in this philosophy, given that moral philosophy is related to human good. But that is not the case. Tronto further emphasizes the relationship between care and "nature".

Like Ruddick, Virginia Held discovered that the relationship between mother and child is a good example of human relations. Harder is concerned that not only traditional morals discount female morality but also male morality can be regarded as gender neutral morality. She argues that these paradigms experience men over women 's experience - if traditional morality is actually neutral to gender - it does not support the paradigm - eg the contract model -. In Herder's estimate, too many traditional ethicists considers interpersonal relationships to be moral, so it helps the different benefits of individual rational contractors. But life is more than just confrontation, competition, and controversy - about getting what you want. As my mother knows, it is also about cooperation, consensus, and community - about meeting the needs of other people

Traditional ethics focuses on humans, but environmental ethics focuses on nature. Environmental ethics often includes criticism of human abuse and exploitation in nature. Some theories argue the intrinsic value and rights of the existence of nature, others insist on the utilitarian view of humanitarianism. In addition, some theories include critical verification of humanity, modernity, civilization, and culture. Environmental ethics influences a wide range of fields including law, sociology, theology, economics, ecology, geography.