Greek Architecture (c.900-27 BCE)
[2023-12-21 08:28:48]
The architecture of ancient Greece includes the Greek mainland, the Aegean islands, and the buildings of Greek colonies in Asia Minor, Turkey, Sicily, and Italy, around 900 BC to 270 BC. It is undoubtedly the largest form of Greek art, which is best known for stone temples (beginning in 600 years) such as the Hera Temple in Parthenon, Italy, Parthenon, Temple of Eleutium and Temple of Athena. All the temples are in the Acropolis of Athens, and the temple of Olympia zeus at the foot of the Acropolis. In addition to temples and altars, Greek designers, including some of the greatest architects of ancient times, are famous for theater design (c. 350), public plaza, stadium, and monumental tomb. 333 BC), Turkey. Like Greek sculpture, Greek architecture is traditionally divided into three periods: BC to the ancient (BC to BC. BC). )
Greek architecture is important for the following reasons. (1) Because of its logic and order. Logic and order are the core of Greek architecture. Hellenes is planning a temple according to the coding scheme of parts, initially based on function, then based on a reasonable sculptural decorating system. Mathematics determines symmetry, harmony, and eyes pleasure
In this sense, there was never such an architecture. The Egyptian pyramid building was an early attempt, but Greek architectural art provided the first clear, strong expression of rational, national architectural beliefs. This is the highest example of intellectual work, which contributes to the creation of a logically unified aesthetic effect. Greek designers use precise mathematical calculations to determine the height, width and other characteristics of building elements. Just as buildings are sculptured, these ratios can change slightly and some individual elements (pillars, capital letters, base platforms) are tapered or curved to produce the best visual effect It may become. (2) For that classic 'command' invention: It is multidimensional order, ion order, Corinth's order - according to used column, type of capital and element. (3) For that exquisite architectural sculpture. Architects commission sculptors to engrave enamel, statues and other architectural sculptures The beauty of these sculptures is rare, if any, equal in art history. (4) Because of the influence on other schools. Greek architects rarely use simple backdoor construction techniques, but they do not match engineering techniques (arch, safe rooms) developed in Roman architecture, building the most beautiful and memorable buildings in the ancient world Especially succeeded. . Designed early in 550 BC, these expressions paved the way for the renaissance and neoclassical architecture and had the greatest influence on the proportions, styles and aesthetics of the 18th and 19th centuries. Contemporary architects are also influenced by the architectural form of Greece. For example, Louis Sullivan (1856-1924) is the leader of the first school in Chicago, using a vertical band (reminiscent of a Greek groove), while designing skyscrapers with Greek foundations, shafts, capital templates I designed a lot. )))to attract attention
Greek architecture of the resurrector adheres more to the values of Greek art and the stylistic pattern (from 450 BC to 45 BC). The widespread use of neoclassicalism in American and French architecture contributed to the relationship between neoclassicism and Republicanism. And it thrived before Napoleon Bonaparte collapsed. On the contrary, the revival of the Gothic style of the 19th century can be interpreted as a monotheistic or conservative correspondence to neoclassical republism. Neoclassical architecture in the late 19th century was the appearance of the American Renaissance (1880-1918). The final stage was the Beaux-Arts building (1885-1920), and its final public project included the state's Lincoln Memorial Hall (1922). The Washington DC gallery (1937) and the Roosevelt Memorial Museum of the American Museum of Natural History (1936)
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