I will announce the true metaphysical definition as a philosophical majors that actually studies this. General metaphysics is the ultimate reality study, like reality reality, done by most contemporary philosophers with experience. General metaphysical research projects are categories, universality, attributes etc. This is not necessarily a study of the world after death or superficial reality, this theme is a special metaphysical problem. D. Armstrong's universality is a good example of general metaphysics. There are an infinite number of sub-branches in special metaphysics, each of which studies a particular subject. One such theme may be ghosts and ghosts, but most contemporary philosophers seriously do not take this particular theme. The theme of serious treatment is the mind philosophy, personal identity and aesthetics. Unlike physics studying specific objects, metaphysical studies on abstract objects such as mathematics and logic Do the two red blocks share a common red attribute, or do they have their own red instances? Is it to ask that a universal thing called "Attribute Red" exists once in multiple places, or is there such a thing? Is the fetus the same as the future one? If so, the fetus is a person. Otherwise, it is not a person Metaphysically, she insists that the legitimacy of personal identity can be achieved through moral practices rather than metaphysics. "Your concept of being a unified agent is not based on metaphysical theory nor your conscious unity, its rationale is practical (Korsgaard 1996, 369) In terms of damage, There are similarities in all cases that Parfit calls distracting attention In fact it is not whether there are dramatic changes or not whether these changes are caused by himself. Writers often tell stories of crazy surgeons that change our memories and personality through surgical intervention, but part of the reason for losing identity is that people have changed from the outside by intervention. They derive their reasons from the metaphysical personal identity theory. Several authors have attacked this hypothesis, arguing that the reason for concern is ultimately viable and that the metaphysical theory trying to justify these questions is irrelevant. Discuss whether there is a problem. Provide a threat to the metaphysical basis of the problem, a viable alternative, if it leaves room for a practical meaning of metaphysical theory Metaphysics is a field of philosophy that focuses on the essence of existence. Although the terms described in this article certainly overlap with metaphysics, there is no intention to fully explore metaphysics here. It is only because it relies on vocabulary of knowledge, thought, and reason. Ethics is a philosophical field that focuses on the essence and social interaction of mankind. Although the terms described in this article certainly overlap with ethics, there is no intention to fully explore ethics, as long as it depends on knowledge, thought, and reason vocabulary.

Metaphysical metaphysics is a philosophical study aimed at determining the true nature of things and determining the meaning, structure, and principles of things. (Britannica.com). Therefore, if the sole purpose of metaphysics is to determine the true meaning of things, but there is nothing absolutely, what is the purpose of metaphysics? The essence of the world may change constantly. Even when born in your family, depending on some generation of the world (for example "First philosophy" is a reference to metaphysics. Therefore, according to the full title of the book, "meditation" is a book focusing on metaphysics, more specifically a book on metaphysical problems. The type of book is a sort of meditation - not discourse or discourse - it puts a job on the first person, and the reader is guided through so - called insight through the direct discovery process to so - called insight. In the letter to Mason, we learned the importance of Descartes in choosing this type: • The terms metaphysics and metaphysics of poetry are the result of the Renaissance tree matured too close to pure science. The term metaphysics is beyond = RMB and can be interpreted as physical property = physics. The term metaphysics is defined by various writers. R. S Hillyer wrote that John Donne is a classic representative of metaphysical poetry. His instinct forced him to bring in all his experience to his poetry through his knowledge and wonderful thought and to pick the most direct and natural expression. He is a wonderful genius and it can be said that it is the power to imagine a new creative work It gives us some new ideas and memories. In all his poems, he is depiction, rhetoric, and controversy. This type of poetry is filled with passion John Dorn is known as a metaphysical poet. Because his poems reveal all the features that we normally associate with metaphysical poetry. John Donne is the main poet of metaphysical poetry. He has metaphysics in the following sense: 1. He is metaphysical as his poetry is implicitly filled. Concert is a remarkable feature of metaphysical poetry. Conceit has a lot of connections between various things. John Dawn is hidden in his poem. In Validism forbidding mourning, he compared his wife and himself with the feet of the compass. The image is another feature of metaphysical poetry. John Dorn used most of the image in the poem. He uses a specific image instead of an abstract image. His images come from philosophy, science, religion, voyage, alchemy, and so on. Wit is a symbol of metaphysical poetry. John Donne is known as a witty monarch. Dorn's wisdom belongs to the class. 4. 5. 6. 7

1a (1): A field of philosophy focusing on the foundation of reality and existence, including ontology, cosmology, frequent epistemology b: Abstract philosophical research: External objective experience research shifts philosophy from metaphysics to natural science and linguistics Just as physics deals with the laws governing the physical world (such as the nature of gravity and waves), metaphysics is beyond physics, that is, the essence and origin of reality itself, the immortal soul, and the supreme I will explain about existence. The views on these metaphysical themes are quite different, as they can not observe or measure the content under discussion, or even can not even be true. Therefore, when Plato and Aristotle require it, most metaphysical problems are still far from the final answer. She is alluding metaphysics in a metaphorical way In her case, she is a metaphysicalist based on her Calvinism: history is a fabric These examples are automatically selected from various online news sources to reflect the current usage of the term "metaphysics". The views shown in the examples do not represent the views of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Please send feedback Greek (ta) meta (ta) medieval Latin metaphysics, which is Aristotle's thesis title on this subject from physika, means literally (work) after work (work) • The term metaphysics or metaphysics of poetry is the result of the Renaissance tree becoming too mature to approach pure science. The term metaphysics can be interpreted as beyond = original, physical property = physics. The term metaphysics is defined by various writers. R. S Hillyer wrote that John Donne is a classic representative of metaphysical poetry. His intuition forced him to bring all his experience to his poetry through his learned and dreamlike thinking and to pick the most direct and natural expression. He is a great genius and it can be said that it is power to imagine new creative works. In all his verses, he is spoken, rhetorical and knowledgeable. This type of poetry is filled with passion John Dorn is known as a metaphysical poet. Because his poems reveal all the features that we normally associate with metaphysical poetry. John Donne is the main poet of metaphysical poetry. He has metaphysics in the following sense: 1. He is metaphysical as his poetry is implicitly filled. Concert is a remarkable feature of metaphysical poetry. Conceit is a distant connection between various things. John Dawn is hidden in his poem. He compares his wife and himself with the feet of the compass. The image is another feature of metaphysical poetry. John Dawn used most of the image in poetry. He uses a specific image instead of an abstract image. His images come from philosophy, science, religion, voyage, alchemy, etc. 3. Wit is a feature of metaphysical poetry. John Donne is known as a witty monarch. Dorn's wisdom is itself a class. 4. 5. 6. 7 Metaphysical poetry combines style that is inconsistent with passion. John Dawn is believed to be one of the best metaphysical poets. John Donne's work has many examples of metaphysical images. John Donne's metaphysical image enters through an example he uses throughout his poetry. Throughout the description of "moderate" and "whisper", he reveals that their desire to separate them is as gentle as possible. Dawn takes similar restraints on their passage, does not make a fuss, does not make a fuss, does not make a fuss, does not use tears or sighs, refers to a typical double lover, does it as a vision of doing nothing use. "So melt us, do not make noise, do not shed tears, and do not touch the sigh" (5-6). "When he should entertain himself with the softness of his own soul and love, I use a philosophy of good will to think about fair ideas." (Bennett 1)

Difference between primary quality and secondary quality. Locke thinks the main difference between the two simple ideas we got from emotion. Some of the ideas we received were similar to those of the world, but others were not. The idea similar to its cause is the concept of primary quality, ie hardness, extensibility, image, movement, and quantity. What is not similar to the cause is the idea of ​​secondary quality of color, sound, taste, texture, and smell. The country of Lockerbie has a real world that transcends our understanding. John Rock is one of Great Britain's great philosophers and is widely regarded as a leader in the field of epistemology, metaphysics and political philosophy. He also made an important contribution to education, theology, medicine, physics, economics, political science. Locke's empiricistic epistemology (he is the founder of empirical knowledge theory) influenced Berkeley, Hume, and subsequent empiricism. In 1689, he announced "two political theories of government philosophy" anonymously. The first paper attacked the concept of the absolute power of the monarchy (patriarch system), the second the paper summarized Rock's views on orderly society, harmonizing civil liberties and political order. John Rock and John Stuart Mill's Freedom Definition John Rock thinks that humans should have more freedom in political society than John Stuart Mir. John Roc's "Second Paper of Government" and John Stuart Mill's "Freedom of Expression" outlines the conceptual framework of ideal nations of each thinker, but influential and powerful literature It is a work. Two different views on human nature and its freedom are proposed. About how John Locke and John Stuart Mill take different views John Rock (1632-1704) was the first person in the classic English classics. These philosophers are skeptical of rationalistic metaphysics, in particular abuse of speculation, epistemology based on congenital concepts. Explain all natural knowledge of human knowledge without reference, and his theory is simpler and better than Descartes' theory. - To live in society based on the social contract we signed, the government and artificial law is definitely a strong defender of the treaty itself. They will benefit the citizens and protect the country's safety. Nonetheless, they should not be the only reasons for justice, it should not be a precondition for justice.

Author: Gerard · Cretian Plato and Aristotle Many modern experts believe Plato was the first true political philosophy, Aristotle was the first political scholar. They are the foundation of Socrates's great thinkers and great Western philosophers. Both Plato and Aristotle have ideas on how to improve the society they lived in. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze these different theories. In this heavy metaphysical speculation (Aristotle, Rock, Marebrass is a special case) efforts are depressed mistakes leading to ridiculous or intuitive conclusions. This fateful field. Hume tried to incorporate this difficult philosophy into the "easy and obvious" work subject service by establishing the method and the clarity of metaphysics. Let's consider Aristotle's metaphysical case briefly. Aristotle is seeking wisdom here. Part of the metaphysical argument is to clarify what kind of wisdom Aristotle is seeking. Aristotle wants to say that this wisdom is part of material science, material science, or material science (see Aris for details on this discussion). Dodd's metaphysics, especially 1 and 1). The important thing is that this science includes investigation of causality, that is, finding related reasons. The metaphysics that we know are Aristotle's "first philosophy". Metaphysics includes the study of the universal principle of existence, the abstract nature of existence. Probably the starting point for Aristotle's metaphysics is that he dismisses Plato's formal theory. In Plato's theory, the physical object itself is variable rather than real, instead it corresponds to an ideal, eternal, immutable format through a generic name that can only be perceived by intelligence. Therefore, what is considered beautiful in this world is actually an incomplete appearance of beauty shape. Aristotle's arguments against this theory are many. After all, he refused Plato's idea as a poetic but empty language; as a scientist and an experienced, he further tipped to pay attention to the reality of the material world. The term "metaphysics" seems to have been created by the editors of the 1st century CE, and he calls all the small Aristotle's works as metaphysical papers. Aristotle called it the "first philosophy" and divided it from mathematics and natural science (physics) into a meditative (theoretical) philosophy, "theology" and sacred studies. In metaphysics (1026 a 16), he wrote as follows. If there are no other independent things other than complex nature, the study of nature will be the main knowledge. It is also the first philosophy, as it is the first it is such universality. It belongs to this philosophy. That is, as being of existence, it is both an existence and belonging to it.

Metaphysical midterm paper "Two Metaphysics" Metaphysics is a field of philosophy that reveals the theoretical nature of existence and the world surrounding it. The word "metaphysics" comes from the two Greek words μετά (metá) meaning transcendence, and the term φυσικά (physiká) stands for physics. This branch of philosophy began with an ancient philosopher who casts doubts on what transcends physics such as existence, knowledge, reason, time, substance, space. The two axioms correspond to the following departments of philosophy and science: formal or metaphysical studies; effective causes and material investigations lead to the processes and composition underlying physics. Physics itself can be divided into mechanics by bacon. In other words, it is practical and magical. I mean metaphysics. Today, Bacon's view of "direct contribution to science" (Hesse, 1964, 152) no longer agrees with the idea that "mathematical hypothesis and position" must be underestimated in his work However, in the past, few people suspected that Bacon "encourages detailed and systematic experiments" in the past (Hesse 1964, 152). Today I will use these two very old things to teach you the very ancient metaphysics of Aristotle. But let's define metaphysics before you reach it. Metaphysics is a part of philosophy and includes concepts of existence, substance, reason, identity and so on. To greatly simplify, this is to study how things are formed and what triggers them. When talking about Aristotle's metaphysics, much of the information is focused on his view on the cause. According to his ancient work there are four reasons behind all the changes in the world. They are important reasons, formal reasons, legitimate reasons, and the ultimate cause. To explain this, we will first use my family's desk.

Man, I am delighted that we can understand the world. have fun. In his Tlon excerpt, Borges talked about the discovery of a country called Uqbar and showed great interest in it. He tried to study it, but failed tragically, he was only able to find an encyclopedia that stated its existence. A few years later, Borges encountered an encyclopedia called the first Tlon Encyclopedia. He fascinated Tlon and came to the conclusion that it was a mixture of intellectuals who formed a planet and decided to write it down. Borges believes in understanding ideas and things through imagination. He is a metaphysical relativist, meaning "reality exists in the eyes of a bystander". Borges studied the story of Trond and compared idealism and materialism. Because they do not believe things, Tlonians do not use nouns in their language. First and foremost, the object must be an idea. If Tlonian wants to check my profile, they will tell me that the chair is an idea in my head and is not genuine. "Their language and derivation of their language is based on idealism." In this rich story, several important topics have been developed. One is an idealistic theme, which reveals Borges' disciples as a philosophical system built by Berkeley and Hume - insists that thinking is the only true measure of reality. In the world of "Tlon" which is an ideal perfect configuration, things do not exist outside the concept of existence. Another theme of the interaction between reason and absurd appeared in several stories that humans try to understand the reality around him by imagining the world based on perfection of his own perfect form I will. Like the "Babel Library", this universe is always like a contradiction and a maze of reality: its secret and hidden secret, its guardian is ignorant, its limit is infinite. Therefore, seek perfect understanding and perfection to make people enter the ridiculous world Writers are focused on the limits: time, physics and metaphysics, the difference between self and others, and the mind can not rebuild its attractive theme. Borges imagined "It is an empire map of the same size as the Empire, and it is consistent with it." "Moby-Dick's Ismail" claimed that "real places" resisted attempts by cartographers. The story often assumes its limits. Robert Oren Butler announced Severance in 2006, the same year Twitter launched. This is a collection of stories called critic "a new art format with low possibility of copying". Illustration of cut head is spoken in 240 words. "

Metaphysical thinking shapes social and physical behavior of society. In Hindu religion, the overall goal of life may be influenced by participation in religious ethics. Ahimsa is a metaphysical ethic that influences the connection to the overall purpose of the practitioner's life and the connection to society. This ethical social dimension shapes the society of its origin and it eventually spreads to an idea that will influence and shape other parts of the world, as inherited from generation to generation. Ahimsa is one of the major virtues and important principles of Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism. Ahimsa is a multidimensional concept inspired by the spiritual energy spark of God in all living beings; therefore hurting others hurt yourself. Ahimsa is also associated with the idea that any violence will result in Karma. Educators in ancient India have pioneered the principle of Ahimsa, but this concept has reached an extraordinary place in Jainism ethics philosophy. Most commonly, Mahatma Gandhi firmly believes in the principles of ahimsa Thus, in Jainism religion, the theory of Akimsa has reached its highest point and in the past century it is necessary to point out that the principles of Jainism were actually made by Jainism. Put it into practice. As the principle of Ahimsa penetrated the life of Jainism, the culture of Jain was called Ahimsa culture. When Jainists are known in ancient culture in India and are known for culture in Asia. The old and continuing nature of the Ahimsa culture is mainly due to Jaina Acharyas, the constant work of saints. Of course, no matter where they are, the Jaines are numerous and exercise some influence. They are trying to spread the culture of Ahimsa to the masses. As a result, Gujarat and Karnataka were found to be primarily vegetarians, mainly for Jaina's fortress.

Metaphysical metaphysics of performance happened abnormally. Now that philosophy concentrates on making metaphysics "end", metaphysics is aware that itself is prospering in the theater itself The drama itself is "metaphysics in behavior" and topics such as "existing behavior" We will publish papers including. I will go to the performance theory. The irony of such a situation seems to disappear from postmodern philosophers. The aim of this paper is to explore the potential impact of the metaphysical weight of the theater for philosophical practice. First of all, let's start with the performance of Kendrick Lamar and lay the foundation for the development of Panther movies. For those thinking mysterious and metaphysical principles (or at least curious people), Lamar 's acting is the first day before the sun enters the Aquarius, and the movie comes the next day after 19 days. 2nd day after 8th meal. The energy of the masses born around this movie is the numerous aquarius that are dominated by astrology. Tribe, group, collective hysteria, technology, unity of social justice, Atlantis, massive trauma and revolution. All these themes are important and promoted in Black Panther movies. However, acting in Rama formed the collective subconscious of these themes, and then the public saw the movie (even if you did not see it!). how is it? How is this related to Liberia? General metaphysics is the ultimate reality study, like reality reality, and is done empirically by most contemporary philosophers. General metaphysical research projects are categories, universality, attributes and so on. This is not necessarily a study of the world after death or superficial reality, this theme is a special metaphysical problem. D. Armstrong's universality is a good example of general metaphysics. There are countless twigs in special metaphysics, each studying a specific theme. One such theme may be ghosts and ghosts, but most contemporary philosophers seriously do not take this particular theme. The subjects of serious treatment are mental philosophy, personal identity and aesthetics. It is not easy to say what metaphysics is. Ancient and medieval philosophers may say that metaphysics defined in that form resemble chemistry and astrology: metaphysics is "the same thing" or "the first cause of things" or "things" It is research. Science "in the first, philosopher, once you deny the existence of those believed to constitute the metaphysics of the theme - it is now being considered remains unchanged whether it is leading the in two, there are a number of philosophical questions that are considered as the first cause or immutable things is a metaphysical question unrelated (or at least partially metaphysical question). Or mental and physical problems

Unlimited possibilities "Everyone wants to know" (Aristotle, "Metaphysics"). A famous scientist like Aristotle is said to be the founder of biological research, experimenting with living animals, and providing the anatomical basis to humans. Animals such as pigs and goats are first used for surgery before being applied to humans. From there, humans began testing other manipulations and medicines for biological and non-living animals. Evidence of the experiment and dissection of animals can be seen as early as 500 BC. Without animal experiments, like insulin for diabetic patients, there are currently not many of the drugs used by humans for fundamental survival. The term "metaphysics" seems to have been created by the editors of the first century CE, and he chose a variety of small pieces of Aristotle's work in metaphysical papers we know. Aristotle called it the "first philosophy" and divided it from mathematics and natural science (physics) into a meditative (theoretical) philosophy, "theology" and sacred studies. In metaphysics (1026 a 16), he writes: If there is no other independent thing besides compound nature, the study of nature becomes the main knowledge; it is the first It is philosophy, and it is universal as it is the first one. It belongs to this philosophy. That is, as being of existence, it is both an existence and belonging to it. Let's consider Aristotle's metaphysical case briefly. Aristotle is seeking wisdom here. Part of the metaphysical argument is to clarify what kind of wisdom Aristotle is seeking. Aristotle wants to say that this wisdom is part of material science, material science, or life science, see Aristotle for details of this discussion. German metaphysics, especially sections 1 and 1). The important thing is that this science includes investigation of causality, that is, finding related reasons. The metaphysics that we know are Aristotle's "first philosophy". Metaphysics includes the study of the universal principle of existence and its abstract nature. Probably the starting point for Aristotle's metaphysics is that he dismisses Plato's formal theory. In Plato's theory, the physical objects themselves are variable rather than actual, instead they correspond to an ideal, eternal, invariant form through a common name that can only be perceived by intelligence I will. Therefore, what is considered beautiful in this world is actually an incomplete appearance of the shape of beauty. Aristotle's arguments against this theory are many. After all, he refused to regard Plato's point of view as a poetic but empty language, and as a scientist and an experientist he strongly wanted to pay attention to the reality of the material world.

Zora Neil Hurston believes that all efforts to achieve personal goals are in vain due to unknown powers controlling the reality. She believes that these unknown powers are dominated by God and that he has Almighty existence in human life. Therefore, all events ultimately depend on the arbitrariness of God. This metaphysical reality is reflected in her novel "their eyes are seeing God." The implicit and dominant form of her philosophy exists not only in the whole novel but also in the development of the novel. Zora Neale Hurston, known as one of the symbolic African-American women in the Harlem Renaissance in the 1930's. Heston is known as a non - fiction writer, anthropologist, folkloreist. During the Harlem Renaissance, Heston's literature as an Aston celebrated the black dialect and its tradition. Most of the story that she announced was "I drew a relationship with black residents in southern Florida and I was hardly concerned about racial cheating" (Bomarito 89). In 1937, Zola Neil Hurston spent seven weeks in Haiti and wrote her most famous and famous work. Their eyes saw God born in New York on September 18, 1937. This novel tells a promising story of a woman who discovered security and identity in the 1920s. Janie Mae Crawford is the protagonist of this novel. She knows her family in the form of her grandmother and she calls it a babysitter. Janie is blooming in every relationship Anthropologist and author Heston talks about the life story of Janie Mae Crawford Janie Mae Crawford is a proud, independent black woman who has returned to her home Florida since middle age. Through a series of memories, the novel explores Crawford 's identity, the fight against her poverty, and the relationship of life with men. Heston 's novel is now admired by their strong interest in the African American culture and its feminist theme. Steinbeck 's novel tells the story of the poor Oklahoma tenant who moved to California to become a migrant worker. This story about that journey from the Joad family and the dust bowl was welcomed immediately at the time of publication. Steinbeck has a strong interest in the situation of migrant workers and the misconduct they suffered. After this book was published, the public's attention to this problem led to changes in the Labor Law.

Theory of Origin in Aristotle 's Metaphysics In Aristotle' s metaphysics, he discussed the theory of his origin. Aristotle's theory must be distinguished from creationism. The word "creation" means the thought of the Bible. Because Aristotle is not familiar with the texts of the Bible, he does not understand the concept of "creation" in the sense of the Bible. Instead, he is more interested in the "origins" of the world. Aristotle believes that there are three kinds of substances before the concept of time, two of which are physical, one of which is immovable. The metaphysics that we know are Aristotle's "first philosophy". Metaphysics includes the study of the universal principle of existence and its abstract nature. Probably the starting point for Aristotle's metaphysics is that he dismisses Plato's formal theory. In Plato's theory, the physical objects themselves are variable rather than actual, instead they correspond to an ideal, eternal, invariant form through a common name that can only be perceived by intelligence I will. Therefore, what is considered beautiful in this world is actually an incomplete appearance of the shape of beauty. Aristotle's arguments against this theory are many. After all, he refused to regard Plato's point of view as a poetic but empty language, and as a scientist and an experientist he strongly wanted to pay attention to the reality of the material world. Theory of Origin in Aristotle 's Metaphysics In Aristotle' s metaphysics, he discussed the theory of his origin. Aristotle's theory must be distinguished from creationism. The word "creation" means the thought of the Bible. Because Aristotle is not familiar with the texts of the Bible, he does not understand the concept of "creation" in the sense of the Bible. Instead, he is more interested in the "origins" of the world. - For thousands of years, human beings have been thinking about supremacy. Part of the origin of this omnipotent desire for these sacred entities derives partly from our desire to seize the truth of the universe in which we live. We partly come back from that part of the universe physically surrounds us and consumes us perfectly at the end of our lives It is an orderly structure, the universe, and even the invention of the Creator can be expressed. "(P.xvii) Metaphysics is an important philosophical study of Aristotle and includes ontology. The term" metaphysics "is defined because its research is right behind" physics " . It is accepted because the purpose of metaphysics is to transcend physics and to discover the ultimate essence and the cause of existence. Basic Element: A substance is a reality of an individual thing, a substance is not a matter of substance (not necessarily) by accident (not necessary), that is, a special property of an object is a substance not belonging to other individuals, and It is the general principle of individual things. Alternatively, the element is a substance belonging to many individual ones.

In Aristotle's metaphysics, he discussed the theory of his origin. Aristotle's theory must be distinguished from creationism. The word "creation" means the idea of ​​the Bible. Since Aristotle is not familiar with the texts of the Bible, he does not understand the concept of "creation" in the Bible sense. Instead, he is more interested in the "origins" of the world. Aristotle believes that there are three kinds of substances before the concept of time. Two of them are physical and one is immovable. You can explain that these three substances are "smart eternal", the second is "sensitive and fragile", and the third is immovable. In order to further promote this theory, sensitive destruction can be thought of as material, and sensible eternity can be seen as being potential, things that can not move are metaphysical and belong to other science It can be seen. According to Aristotle, real estate is God. It does not move, transforms delicate perishable goods into movement, thereby changing the possibilities to reality. This theory is Aristotle's creed, and it is impossible to create anything from anything. Aristotle said: "If there is no real existence reason, how can you exercise? ... the seed needs to act on the semen of the earth and menstrual blood," he said The thing is that something must be started by another thing. There is always a reason for this. One depends on the other. So, before the origin is "real estate", that is, God must exist. Aristotle believes there are four changes: what, place, quality and quantity. For example, a pen is by definition an object, has a position, and takes a space. It exists for a while, has shape and size. These external functions are subject to change. According to Aristotle, everything is changing. Therefore, the pen may move and the color and size may change. When it changes from a perceptual state (also called latent state) to a possible state, it reaches a realistic state. According to Aristotle, this theory can be applied to the origin of the world. Once the world stands up and runs it can change, so it is possible. Aristotle said the change is eternal. Because the world is constantly changing, it is eternal. That is, there is a beginning but not an end. Aristotle supports a theory that further promotes teleology, or tele (meaning it progresses over time). Aristotle said, "Shape is not real and does not exist" (Devolutionary Volume 7, p.290). This means that the object is in its progress. A tree is a chair. Acorn means oak. Something is not its essence, it is determined by its possibilities. How is this related to hot dogs and sandwiches? The world we see and the world around us are based on our sense and perception. The way in which sensory information is translated in our brain is divided into categories and subcategories. The information of some people is obviously divided more than the others. Languages ​​are related to each other based on definition and quality. Example: A star is related to the universe in our brain, the bright, the night, and the words of the universe. Origin theory in Aristotle 's metaphysics In Aristotle' s metaphysics, he discussed his theory of origin. Aristotle's theory must be distinguished from creationism. The word "creation" means the idea of ​​the Bible. Since Aristotle is not familiar with the texts of the Bible, he does not understand the concept of "creation" in the Bible sense. Instead, he is more interested in the "origins" of the world. - For thousands of years, human beings have been thinking about supremacy. Part of the origin of this hunger to mankind in these sacred entities is partly derived from our desire to seize the truth of the universe in which we live. A part of this universe physically surrounds us and consumes us perfectly at the end of our lives, so we will return from there

For thousands of years, human beings have been thinking about supremacy. Part of the origin of this omnipotent desire for these sacred entities derives partly from our desire to seize the truth of the universe in which we live. We will return from there as part of this universe physically surrounds us and consumes us perfectly at the end of our lives. However to some extent there is another eternal part of the universe that can be separated from the world of transient problems we understand very easily, but in other respects it is separable unexplored. Power is closely related. Aristotle (383-322 BC) also proposed a view of the cosmic creators who are often called "immovable ancestors" in his work "metaphysics". For Aristotle, like Plato, the "things" underlying the universe always exist and always exist (it follows the phrase Parmenides' famous "I can not do anything because I do nothing".) Aristotlez Proposed a potential controversy of the composition of the universe (essence or matter) Prime Mover starts organizing the movements of ousia as a center of charm, not through the performance, so that is an indifferent motive. In his metaphysics Aristotle discussed the meaning of "existence". Aristotle believes that "presence" refers primarily immobile initiators and assigns one to each movement in the sky. Because the motive knowledge imitates it, every motive to move is always thinking about your own meditation, and all things that adapt to the second meaning of "existence" are moving by moving the origin of that action itself I will. (Or should). Completeness is not one of his attributes, as Aristotle 's God' s definition is entirely due to this existence, complete existence is not incomplete but can only consider integrity. According to Aristotle, God is in a state of "stagnation" without being affected by change and imperfection. "Indifferent actor" is quite different from the concept of God found in most religions. An important belief in Aristotle's astronomical research is the movement of "indifferent God's theory of motion" that maintains observable movements of the celestial bodies. Aquinas explained Aristotle's section. There, the promoter is God and the angel is the planetary movement. An important theme of Akin 's literary philosophy of this day is his belief that the size of the universe is a perfect ball that revolves around the center of the permanently placed earth. Such confidence is created by reference to the Bible like "the world is firmly established and can not be moved" (Bible 96: 10) to confirm the position of the church. This theory has existed for centuries, after Copernicus (1473-1543), which has been endorsed by scientists and philosophers, proposed the modern astronomical theory (Frova 26), Galileo is in his dialogue with Simplicio It will be described as.

As Richard Taylor discusses Metaphysical Metaphysics of Richard Taylor, freedom and determinism can be defined as a clear thinking effort. To think about metaphysical problems, we need data (people generally believe it). If there is inconsistency in these data, metaphysical problems will arise. To solve this problem, it is necessary to establish a theory to eliminate conflicts by (a) adjusting the collision data, or (b) by proveing ​​that the series of data is false. Metaphysical ideas have influenced many theories trying to solve deterministic and free conflict data. In the 1960 's, Richard Taylor published a metaphysical theory of free will that departed from the traditional controversy between determinist and uncertainty theorist and claimed new choice, self - determinism in academia. He called this new psychological model "agent theory" and according to it, insisted that "people - perhaps others - sometimes, but not always, but self-determining existence". In other words, he acknowledges that, in stark contrast to the incompetent role seen in incompatible philosophy, there are also people who sometimes cause their own actions. The problem of human metaphysics is very important in philosophy, but they are not the focus of this article. However, as causal interpretation plays an important role in these two doctrines, there are some important similarities between psychological determinism and genetic determinism. In addition, as shown below, concerns about genetic determinism may strengthen concerns about psychological determinism. Because the concept of causality plays a central role in various forms of determinism in philosophy and science, causality is further explained. Although there is no room to provide a detailed analysis of causality in this paper, we present several points related to genetic determinism (for further discussion of causality, see Salmon, 1997; Tooley, 2000) When discussing freedom, philosophers often quote indirect and metaphysical freedoms. Freedom of the environment is freedom to complete action without interference. Metaphysical freedom is the power to make choices among opportunities. Determinism, compatibility, and liberalism all take different positions for freedom. He insists that humans may have indirect freedom, but he does not have the freedom of metaphysics. In other words, although we stand up and sit down free, we are not really free to choose the way of life. For this purpose, we are at the mercy of the body and the environment. Using a fairly simple example, a determinist may tell me that I do not really choose to receive education. Instead, I was born in a family of educated people. Therefore, I think that this is an option, but in reality it is consistent with the event that occurred. Likewise, I always choose salty food instead of sweets. For me, this is an option. However, as my body needs more sodium than most people, the determinist may tell me I just reached for salt.

Ovid wrote a pervert about 2,000 years ago, and Dante wrote Purgatorio after 1600 years - two articles on topics that transcend real human recognition. Each document tries to draw out the truth about the essence of human existence, but Dante seeks answers in the context of Catholic doctrine, but Ovid sees existence from a pagan point of view. This shows two different approaches to the same query. Humans question the existence of successive metaphysical fields and are shaping the essence of supernatural world. Dante, Interestingly, in the Middle Ages, Dante had to associate it with physics. Physics - metaphysics are closely related, people are trying to explain the physical world, and metaphysics is a general rule of theory. In fact, you might do - I need to mention this. Some people think that metaphysics actually does not represent totally different terms, but is completely different from the knowledge provided by physics. They will say it - since metaphysics is called metaphysics - books are placed on a bookshelf after physics books. Do you understand what I am saying? This may be more like how to define the location of a library's book, but that can be said, but it may be more like a novel than anything else. Indeed, Dante has such science, reason, origin, starting point, time etc. He is also a rhetoric. In other words, metaphysically it is a little physics, metaphysical intelligent flight, Dante always says that it searches for the existence of passion and demands the truth. Rhetorical aspects of the statement, or the simplicity of the truth. Yes, I answered your question? Giuseppe Mazota Professor: Failure of intelligence? No, the answer is no. Let's summarize why it is not so, then concrete ideas. First of all, in general, if Dante judges what he is doing and then judges the world, I will say Greek culture - the classical world. He put most of his content in Limbo. This is a judgment, you are truly marginal, you truly do not make much sense to my story. Heaven saves Plato, Aristotle, and all Aristotle's efforts, but this is what he said. When Pilgrim and Virgil joined the limbs Homer, Horace, Orbid and Lucan's shadows, Dante brought tradition to the further effect of putting comedies into the epic tradition. Dante the the poet's pilgrims were invited to the sixth of this group of classical poets (Inf. IV.100-103), which at first glance constitute a special epic series. The appearance of Horace seems to be due to the fact that Ovid resembles Virgil and emphasizes not only Dante's plan centrality, Virgil, but also an obvious non-genre poet in the group. Time at Virgil Rome

A causal relationship is a causal relationship, or a behavior that brings about a result, possibly an event, a country, or an object. For a long time the concept of causality has been considered to be one of the important foundations of philosophy. Hume calls it "cement of the universe": causality is the relationship between events and things in this world in an important relationship. Furthermore, causality is closely related to interpretation. The interpretation of the event is necessary to ask the cause. Metaphysics is a study of the most common features of reality such as existence, time, objects and their attributes, whole and part, events, processes and causal relationships, and relationships between the body and mind. Metaphysics includes cosmology, research on the whole world and ontology, and research on existence. One of the main arguments of the discussion is realism, that is, realism has entities that are independent of their psychological awareness and idealism. Metaphysics includes the theme of identity. Essence is a series of properties based on an object, it loses its identity if not, the accident is the property owned by the object, the object can retain its identity without it I will. In the 1960 's, Richard Taylor published a metaphysical theory of free will that departed from the traditional controversy between determinist and uncertainty theorist and claimed new choice, self - determinism in academia. He called this new psychological model "agent theory" and according to it, insisted that "people - perhaps others - sometimes, but not always, but self-determining existence". In other words, he acknowledges that, in stark contrast to the incompetent role seen in incompatible philosophy, there are also people who sometimes cause their own actions. The causal relationship problem constitutes the fourth important issue in "new" metaphysics. Of course, the argument for that reason can be traced back to the ancient philosophy, which has a standing position in Aristotle's metaphysics and physics. But Aristotle understands 'cause' more widely than we do today. In Aristotle's sense, "cause" or "cause" is the interpretation of the object - the answer to the "why" question of the object. Aristotle classifies the four interpretive conditions - target form, substance, effective cause, and objective theory. The effective reason for the object is to explain the cause of the change or movement within the object. With the rise of modern physics in the 17th century, the interest in effective causation has increased rapidly, and it does not change today. When contemporary philosophers discuss causality, they usually mean this meaning.

Metaphysics in the rehabilitation of Kant and Hume, Kant read David Hume, he said, "I made him awake from his dogmatic sleep.Life problems and prejudice This furthermore Kant is his own metaphysics I urged Hume to reply in the analysis of the theory Kant does not think that Hume can cope with these problems appropriately, in particular to solve the problem of whether Hume is feasible as science Decide to avoid places where Hume is located. After the break, the philosopher Emmanuel Conde started reforming metaphysics. Kant believes that metaphysics is impossible if Hume is right. However, Kant did not want to give way to Hume 's skepticism, so Kant began to criticize the possibility to explore and reform metaphysics. Kant began to criticize the quest for 'transcendental' knowledge in philosophy. Kant began looking for the "transcendental" principle that can reasonably be inferred to explain why he thinks it can not be detected. Kant believes that the only way we can get the necessary and universal thing is through 'a priori'. Kant found that the notion of causality is not the only concept to understand things 'a priori' but the metaphysics confirmed to consist completely of these concepts. (8) "Prolegomena", Kant said he had read David Hume, "let him awake from an arbitrary sleep." This is a study of Hum's human understanding, which allows Kant to recognize the problems and prejudices of life that he had not previously realized. It further encouraged Kant to answer Hume in his own analysis of metaphysical theory. Kant does not believe that Hume can cope with these problems appropriately, and decides to avoid the place where Hume is located, in particular to solve the problem of whether Hume is possible as science . Kant answered Hume's question directly in metaphysical analysis. Hume stopped thinking and was skeptical of the existence of metaphysics as science, and Kant accepted it. He continues to analyze the effectiveness of metaphysics as science and power in our lives. Talking about other people who can trust in the field of science, such as Copernicus, Kant developed a new way to observe the world. But like Hume, Kant encountered obstacles and could not find a solution.

Since metaphysics, epistemology, and since the beginning of time, Orwell 's 1984 record philosopher (what we know absence and presence, our evidence) (what is true, existence Thinking about metaphysics is an epistemology. However, in 1984, George Orwell, there is something that exists, reality and true things can not be questioned, as most people no longer have the ruling party creating a new reality for the people , You do not have to answer these questions. Meanwhile, in 1984, the leading character Winston Smith himself was constantly looking for real life, a wider meaning of him and the communities around the world. In 1984, (released about Big Brother) released in 1984, the British music duo Eurizmix, the album is a movie '1984' music album on George Orwell's Dishopia, directed by film Michael Radford 1984 Including that novel is based. Virgin Films produced a movie of the same name for a year and asked him to write a soundtrack on Eurith Mix. References of theme, concept, plot of 1918 are common in other works, especially popular music and video entertainment. As an example, a group of people living in large homes that are isolated from the outside world is a popular reality TV program "Big Brother" in the world who has seen TV cameras, George Orwell published a book called "1984" (1984) in 1949. To create control ideas, social, printing, radio, television - in the late 1940s, Mr. Orwell resonates political statements, as Mr. Orwell is supposed to be in the mass media. . Radio has spanned half a century, but television is a completely new medium. I do not guess at first about the impact of these new features and the depth at which the monitoring system worked. However, regarding the monitoring and automation of the interaction with the news media, there are not many automation - the ability to create a propaganda of fully automated control state, any scale for individual citizens and their social network You can

Kant's basic principle of moral metaphysics The core concept of Kant's moral metaphysics is absolutely commanded. "The concept of objective principles is called instruction (rational) as long as it is will, and the expression of the order is called instruction." (Abbott, 30) Will act in an ethical way It is forced to do. A book report (38,) on Kant's domestic moral metaphysics fundamental principles states, "Your motto seems to be the universal law of nature by your will." This "absolute command" forms the basis of his work "Basic Principles of Moral Metaphysics". Sometimes his sentence is confused, but Kant advocates what his logic is, namely absolute order. Kant divides the book into three parts, and I can imagine a perfect world. Morality is indispensable in our interaction, morality is critically examined, and there is a discussion about reason and passion. This world will be the cornerstone of human achievement. We are at the top of the peak. Why is this? And in today's society, morality is often related to compliance with laws and laws are legislated by politicians, so they are influenced by politics. I chose another book by Kant. That is a rather difficult title. It is the basis of moral metaphysics. But fundamentally, this is an introduction of Kant's moral philosophy. In this case, "introduction" is a misleading term. Because it is an uncontrollable reading - everyone can not say that it is easy. However, it explains the fundamental principles of Kant's moral philosophy. As I returned to what I said earlier, much of the material of the first basic work was in criticism. It is interesting to see the relationship between the two works. How could a book that should have been fundamentally moral be purely rational criticism? The answer is very relevant to the conversation we have done. Kant recognizes the importance of morality and he recognizes the importance of fulfilling responsibilities according to the distinction between good and evil and living life.

Kant argues that good intentions are the greatest purpose of the existence of a person. It assumes a conscious universe in which the organizational existence and the purpose of its value criterion can be extracted from its review of constitution and talent. This premise is logically consistent with Kant 's other moral theory, but it does not match what we really are actually observing. Kant detailed the moral theory in the moral foundation of "foundation of moral metaphysics" (1785), "Critique of practical reason" (1788), and "moral metaphysics" (1797). The discussion he got from the basic work is his most famous and influential, so the following focuses on them. Kant began his argument from the premise that moral theory must be based on unconditional good things. If something is only conditional and good, that is, if the benefit depends on others, others are only conditional and in that case their good depends on another Things, or it will be good unconditionally. Then all goods must go back to unconditional good deeds. We usually think that there are many good things, but it is not really unconditional. I chose another book by Kant. That is a rather difficult title. It is the basis of moral metaphysics. But fundamentally, this is an introduction of Kant's moral philosophy. In this case, "Introduction" is a misleading term. Because it is an uncontrollable reading. It can not be said that everyone is easy. However, it explains the fundamental principles of Kant's moral philosophy. As I returned to what I said earlier, much of the material of the first basic work was in criticism. It is interesting to see the relationship between the two works. How could a book that should have been fundamentally moral be purely rational criticism? The answer is very relevant to the conversation we have done. Kant recognizes the importance of morality, he recognizes the importance of fulfilling responsibilities according to the distinction between good and evil and living life. Although Kant 's main work on morality is narrowly thought out, moral metaphysics including "rights doctrine" and "virtue theory" (1785), practical rational criticism (1788), moral metaphysics (1797) It is the basis of. Other works indispensable to Kant's moral philosophy include not only student notes on lectures, criticism of judicial rights (1790), religion at purely reasonable boundaries (1793), and anthropology. We provide ethics and various essays on history and political philosophy such as "Guess the beginning of human history" (1786) and "Toward eternal peace" (1795).

Heidegger wants to transcend: Metaphysics or Nietzsche Abstract: In this article, we focus first on Heidegger attempting to solve the problem of "metaphysics" and the desire to transcend it. Then I will try to appreciate his idea of ​​transcending metaphysics and his interpretation of Nietzsche anthropology that he thinks is the best achievement of metaphysics. In today's speech, we will first focus on Heidegger's attempt to solve the problem of "metaphysics" and the desire to transcend it. In "introduction of metaphysics" Heidegger said that the fundamental problem of metaphysics is "existence rather than not exist". This is a matter that promotes "existence and time". "I want to know the problem, no matter who wants it, it will be decided, regardless of who will put it in this will ... ... will be decided." And based on this. For Nietzsche, "The world is the will of power - nothing else!" This insists his will and claims his will and power of will. When reaching "so-called thinking", Heidegger gives up this place of view and places it as an appropriate place to doubt its existence. In order to think, our determination must include "not do" Heidegger 's Nietzsche interpretation is based on Heidegger' s summary and existence history, especially insight into the interpretation of modern metaphysics. Still, it remains to be seen whether Nietzsche has inherently and intentionally abandoned the metaphysical dimension of some problem in his concept of the universe. His cosmological philosophy "drama" has originality which is not metaphysical. Even early works show mystery of drama ... I would like to disagree with this. I think Heidegger said Nietzsche's project is a correct metaphysical project, but when he claims that Nietzsche's metaphysics is basically Descartes he is wrong. It can not be denied that Nietzsche's project is scientific in many respects, but as I mentioned earlier, this is almost the same as saying his project is Descartes. Instead, I believe Nietzsche attacked scientific thinking (and in a broader sense enlightened) scientific thinking, re-educating science, and attacked happy science. From Anthropology, all Thai sayings are useful here: "Assess the greatness of the outstanding Greeks who created science! People who tell them, the most heroic stories in the history of human spirit Let's talk. "28. Science is not the enemy of science, but the science he claims is not an abstract Descartes rationalism.

Metaphysical and linguistic symbols meaning "no facts, only explanation" - Nachlass Friedrich Nietzsche In this article, a rustic opinion or symbolic theory which asserts or asserts that thoughts of symbolic system languages ​​are expressed in words I will describe in detail. These words have meaning. Rustic symbolism theory is ineffective and proves to provide a different perspective combining my own meaning and language experience theory. I also want to oppose the simple perspectives on the relationship of "expression" in the context of language symbol theory. This article outlines the handling and meaning of languages ​​in recent linguistic communication literature and outlines how general language philosophers treat these topics. A linguist considers a language to be a symbolic and semantic system and regards it as a symbolic problem, thought, or behavioral reaction of expressing or naming a subject. Philosophers of ordinary languages ​​think that words can not function in any way; in particular, the meaning is more than just a reference and the word is more than just a name. Philosophers see the use of languages ​​as context-dependent behaviors controlled by informal logic rules What is a language? A language is a group of arbitrary symbols that allows all members of the community to communicate and dialogue. These symbols contain socially and culturally acceptable meanings. Having a language is essential for everyone; all ordinary people speak, but non-human speaks. On the other hand, learning means learning or acquiring. Therefore language acquisition basically means acquiring or acquiring a language. Language learning is usually Communication methods are languages, letters, gestures, text, or symbols. Because it is made up of traditional clues and symbols, language is symbolic communication. Gestures and facial expressions such as languages ​​and languages ​​play an important role in human-level communication. Shake hands, shake your head, waving your hand are good examples of gestures If there is no gesture or symbol, the advertisement will be different. Gesture is a simple hand movement and a person's sitting posture. All gestures are symbolic. Gestures can be facial expressions, body language. Gestures and symbols tell the audience the contents of the ad. It ties the product to the meaning. Symbols are objects, all of which are intended to make the product look better than any other product on the market, which will attract purchases to the public. The advertisement I have chosen is a set of well-known advertisements on TV. By about 12 o'clock they began to scroll to our screen. Numbers filled with "please phone" and "1800" exploded on the screen. This course is intended for horny men who want to ring these figures and talk to girls. In advertisement, girls are very beautiful, spend in spa with bathing suit. Of course, this is just a picture of selling mobile sex and trying to support it.

Emmanuel Kant's Moral Metaphysical Foundation In his publication 'Foundations of Moral Metaphysics', Immanuel Kant provided the reader with a thesis claiming that morality can be derived from the principle of absolute order did. The most powerful argument to support his argument is the difference between daily work and daily work. To build his thesis, Kant first distinguished experience from 'a priori' concept. The concept of experience is the idea that we get from the experience of the world. Kant, Emmanuel. Foundation of moral metaphysics Cross Lewis Whitebeck, Indianapolis, Bobs - Merrill, 1969. The page number referring to this work is the limit number of Beck referring to the page number of the standard version Königlich-PreußischeAkademiederWissenschaften (Berlin, 1902-38). In Germany, he began an important modern Kant interpreter, and the German idealist movement he began was Dieter Henrich, who has several British works. P. F. Strawson's The Bounds of Sense (1966) played an important role in determining Kant's contemporary acceptance in Britain and the United States. Recent English-speaking interpreters include Luis Whitebek, Jonathan Bennett, Henry Allison, Paul Guya, Kristin Cols Guard, Steven Palmquist, Robert B Pipin, Rogers Crouton, Rudolph McClell and Beatrice Long Enes Immanuel Kant is a German philosopher of the 18th century and is widely known for his accomplishments and works such as "critique of pure reason" and "basic moral metaphysics". Kant developed a moral theory that depends on reason rather than emotion, called moral law. Kant is not anti-religious, but he wants a moral system not covered by religious, emotional or personal interpretation. - Saint Augustine and Aquinas believe that this town is also a moral town. This city will help the physical and mental ransom of mankind. Their mind about fair cities necessarily requires moral law. When it is broken, the law demands punishment. Their thoughts on the justice system can easily lead to religious tyranny. Kant's ethics is based on Emmanuel Kant, "Foundations of The Moral Metaphysics" (1785). He discusses moral decisions based on free will. When acting. His view is regarded as dualism, as it tries to fill the gap between existentialism and contractors. (Stanwick & Stanwick, 2009). One advantage of this framework, regardless of the outcome, is that judgment is at the beginning of the decision-making process. But if you think that action is good at the beginning and the end, the result will have a negative effect, and it may be viewed as a disadvantage as the result is not taken into account.

Homer 's "Iliad" is full of "bitterness", the term used for absoluteism to explain the ferocity and long-term anger of ancient Greek warriors. The importance of this word is clear at the beginning: "What is the god in the painful conflict?" (I.8). A suffering seed has been planted and this story - the magnificent story of the Greeks who plundered Trojan land in the last year of the Trojan War - is not intended to reproduce the history, during wartime To provide brave background to. From the fight against Achilles' pride of Agamemnon. Simone Weil claims that Homer shows how to work based on love and justice in the exercise of war and power in Ilyad, and in all atrocities, violence and suffering (p. 25). Veil's view is that they draw a balance in "all people sharing conditions" (p. 25) by painting the sufferings of all these people regardless of their side and the power of Homer . Because Homer equals them, readers can feel sympathy, or at least for all men, sympathy. However, Vale's account of Homer's description of war and power reveals justice and love, but justice and love are simply 'accent' of 'Iliad', the progress of 'you' is wrong She believes it is. . How is Homer's "Iliad and Odyssey" compared and contrasted? How can I compare and contrast Homer's "Iliad and Odyssey" at 8:12 am on July 4, 2012? Beginning with Apollo's prophet Chris, Iliad provided a valuable "punishment token" to come to Greek camps and ask Greeks to catch his daughter with a raid. Agamemnon thought that she was deemed a matter of course, he refused. His most Greeks are hoping that he will come back to avoid conflict. James Joyce's "Araby" and Doris Lessing's "The Sunrise On The Veld" are short stories that heros will get. Sense that transcends self. The hero discovered a new reality and truth that they had not realized before. And Odyssey. The story of Homer is very old and may be different from what they first said. Homer 's "Iliad" and "Odyssey" are still showing basic human emotions, and are the source of inspiration for other writers, poets and oral performers. Homer was forgotten, but now Homer's presence is almost a legend. According to Cynthia Shelmerdine, German scholar August Wolf Friedrich insists that "Iliad and Odyssey" was written by more than two people. Wolff believes that "Iliad" and "Odyssey" are written.

Metaphysics is a philosophical study aimed at determining the true nature of things - the purpose, structure and principle of purpose. In Aristotle 's metaphysics, the important concepts are problems, formats and problems, possibilities and reality, and why. Aristotle developed what he called the first philosophical science. These reasons and principles are clearly the subject of what he calls "first philosophy." However, this does not mean branching of philosophy which should be studied first. Instead, it includes some of the most fundamental or highest level general problems in a way. Aristotle distinguishes between "we better know" and "better known to us" and we are beginning to learn more specific topics in a more familiar way I assert. . I know that by myself. The principles learned in "First Philosophy" may seem very general and abstract, but according to Aristotle, these principles are better known among them. Still, they are studied only by people who studied nature (this is the subject of physics), so they are correctly expressed as "after physics". In his metaphysics, he is interested in a kind of knowledge that he thinks may be best called wisdom. His work started with saying "everyone wants to know." Because humans are reasonably rational. The soul plays an important role in interpreting people as a rational existence. Aristotle defines the soul from the functional point of view. The soul of the plant is nutritious and breeding, nutrition and breeding of animals, feelings and autonomous movements, and human The term "metaphysics" seems to have been created by the editors of the 1st century CE, and he calls all the small Aristotle's works as metaphysical papers. Aristotle called it the "first philosophy" and divided it from mathematics and natural science (physics) into a meditative (theoretical) philosophy, "theology" and sacred studies. In metaphysics (1026 a 16), he wrote as follows. If there are no other independent things other than complex nature, the study of nature will be the main knowledge. It is also the first philosophy, as it is the first it is such universality. It belongs to this philosophy. That is, as being of existence, it is both an existence and belonging to it. Let's consider Aristotle's metaphysical case briefly. Aristotle is seeking wisdom here. Part of the metaphysical argument is to clarify what kind of wisdom Aristotle is seeking. Aristotle wants to say that this wisdom is part of material science, material science, or material science (see Aris for details on this discussion). Dodd's metaphysics, especially 1 and 1). The important thing is that this science includes investigation of causality, that is, finding related reasons.

An important aspect of Leibniz 's "monism" and "metaphysical discourse" is the concept of his simplicity and interaction. Leibniz gives the word monad to all simple substances. A monad is part of a creature "whether it is stretched, not shaped, whether it can not be separated" (M3). A monad can exist as a clear, necessary, limited, or infinite presence. For Leibniz, God is the only necessary and infinite monad, he is an endless and unique guardian of the only certain, independent and restricted monads in the universe, and they all depend on God . It exists (D 14). In Physical Monography (1756), Kant tried to use "single" to provide a metaphysical description of the basic composition of matter. Leibniz and Wolff believe that the list is a simple atomic material constituting the substance. Kant rejected Leibniz 'remark that following Wolf, the list is spiritual and does not keep in touch with each other. A new aspect of Kant's assertion is that each list has some gravitational and repulsive forces and because these lists are compressed mutually by conflicting repulsive forces due to the interaction between these lists the order is determined To fill up the amount of space. Thirty years later, in Kant 's metaphysical foundation of natural science (1786), Kant will develop the theory that substances must be understood in terms of attractiveness and repulsion of interaction. An important aspect of Leibniz 's "monism" and "metaphysical discourse" is the concept of his simplicity and interaction. Leibniz gives the word monad to all simple substances. A monad is part of a creature "whether it is stretched, not shaped, whether it can not be separated" (M3). A monad can exist as a clear, necessary, limited, or infinite presence. - The main feature I am missing is confidence. In my opinion, others are always smarter, more beautiful, motivated, and superior to me than I am. Because of this attitude, I usually do not express opinions, express my thoughts, or control something. As Leibniz argues in Section 8 of metaphysical discourse, if a limited substance has a CIC, what is its ontological state? In other words, what kind of CIC can have such properties and such properties? Leibniz 's answer to this question emphasizes other entity paradigms, or unity. Having CIC is the essence of an individual substance, but only real true solidarity is qualified as a substance. Leibniz expressed his position with a letter to Arnauld in a very clear and powerful way. "In short, I emphasize this same proposition and insist only by becoming an axiom, it is not true that is not true" (G II 97 / AG 86) In the era of communication between metaphysics and Arnauld, Leibniz sought certain academic concepts, mainly the concept of physical form.