Descartes, Plato and Hume's Thought A direct starting point for Plato's philosophical speculation is the teaching of Socrates. When Socrates tried to define the term of knowledge to refute skepticism of refinement, he taught that the only true knowledge is to acquire knowledge through concepts. He said that this concept represents all the reality of one thing. As Socrates uses, this is only a principle of knowledge. Plato regards it as the existence principle. "If this concept represents all the reality of things, reality needs to be in an ideal order, not necessarily things themselves, but on them, in one world" (Chaput, C . This article explains the similarities and differences between Rene Descartes and John Locke, David Hume and Plato. They each believe in rationalism or empiricism. In contrast to experience, rationalists think that a series of important basic concepts are intuitively and intuitively known. For rationalists, is knowledge born? From information sources such as sensation. They are known as Descartes, Plato. Experiors believe that all conception followers eventually return to experiences such as perception and emotion. What? There are no ideas or concepts without impressions or emotions. What? David Hume and Rene Descartes are philosophers who oppose the origins of ideas. Descartes believes in three types of ideas, namely birth, coincidence, and imagination. He said that God existed because of his existence, and from his thoughts on what is perfect like God. Meanwhile, Hume believes that the idea comes from one impression, an impression. Both theories have advantages and disadvantages, but I prefer Hume's theory over Descartes. Descartes believes that imagination does not help humans. Descartes' definition of thinking exists in thought, only things that represent others are called thinking. His argument is that the essence of thought that constitutes the heart can get God's idea, but on the contrary, humans can think about God in other ways. One of the main advantages of Descartes is his view of objective reality, which is a reality view. This idea can be explained in two ways. Classical philosophers such as Plato, Aristotle, Spinoza, Descartes, Hobbes, Hume, Rock, and others all understand emotions as the first concept to understand emotions without constituent elements. He believes that scientific psychology should stop thinking of emotions as 'an eternal and sacred spiritual entity like old and invariable species in natural history' (James 1890: 449). James's proposal is often called James Lange's theory and is similar to the theory provided by Lange (1885) that emotions are a perception sense of autonomy and changes in physiological conditions associated with exercise . Functions For example, when we think that we are in danger, this perception directly causes a series of physical reactions, and our understanding of these responses constitutes fear.

The direct starting point of Plato's philosophical speculation is the teaching of Socrates. When Socrates tried to define the term of knowledge to refute skepticism of refinement, he taught that the only true knowledge is to acquire knowledge through concepts. He said that this concept represents all the reality of one thing. As Socrates uses, this is merely the principle of knowledge. Plato regards it as the existence principle. "If this concept represents all the reality of things, the reality needs to be in an ideal order, not necessarily the objects themselves, but among them among themselves" (Chaput, C. p . 2). So, for this concept Plato has been replaced ... See more This is the work of philosophy. "Therefore, philosophy is trying to rise from phenomena or external knowledge to ontology or reality" (Chaput, C. p. 4) The view of Hume's philosophical thinking thinks that there are considerable differences in the perception of the heart when people feel overheating pain or warmth of warmth but this is caused by his imagination Is expected. These ideas look like one thing, but they can not reach the origin of thinking. Hume believes that when these feelings fell on us it can be said that we are almost watching whether it feels it. According to Hume, when we reflect past feelings and emotions, our idea is a faithful mirror and truly duplicates their purpose. He now believes that we can divide all spiritual perceptions into two categories or species. Lower coercion and vigor is often called thought or thought. Other species require names of languages, but other species do not have a specific purpose in philosophy. "So, we can use a bit of freedom, called impression, in a sense, using that word is different from usual" (Hume, 316). When we think about any of the emotions and behaviors above, the impression is different from the idea, and the idea is not so sharp awareness. At first glance, it seems nothing. David Hume and Rene Descartes are philosophers who oppose the origins of ideas. Descartes thinks that there are three kinds of ideas: a birth, a coincidence, and an imaginary thing. He said that God exists because of his existence, and from his thoughts on what is perfect like God. On the other hand, Hume thinks that one thought comes only from the impression. Both theories have advantages and disadvantages, but I prefer Hume's theory over Descartes. Descartes believes imagination can not help humans. The definition of Descartes' thinking exists in thinking, only things that represent other things are called thinking. His argument is that the essence of thinking that constitutes the heart can get God's idea, but on the contrary, humans can think about God in other ways. One of the main advantages of Descartes is his view of objective reality, which is a reality view. This article explains the similarities and differences between Rene Descartes and John Locke, David Hume and Plato. They each believe in rationalism or empiricism. Rationalists, in contrast to experience, think that a series of important basic concepts are intuitively and intuitively known. For rationalists, is knowledge born? From information sources such as sensation. They are known as Descartes, Plato. Experiors believe that all conceptual tracking ultimately returns to experiences such as perception and emotion. What? There are no ideas or concepts without impressions or emotions. What?

Even in the absence of the necessary power and discretion, like the philosophers Nietzsche, Descartes, Hume and the past, freedom confuses today's argument. There are two strong opposites to this topic. One is determinism and the other is "free will". All events, including determinism or belief that a person lacks free will, and human behavior, are determined by forces other than the will of the individual, as opposed to the premise of completely free will. Rene de Carte details his philosophical work through deductive reasoning and uses his reasoning system to complete his work. Many philosophers oppose Descartes. In all discussions about the theory proposed by Descartes, his beliefs have two major flaws. The first one is elusive "I" that questions and idealists David Hume question. Hume opposed Descartes' view that "I think I like this". Hume thinks that "I" does not exist in thinking but exists only in "a bunch of perceptions". Through this Hume, thought means that it consists only of what the mind perceives, regardless of whether it is reality or just a fantasy. Another major controversy in Descartes' philosophical thinking is that he made assumptions not proved in his meditation, only the hypothesis. In Descartes' meditation, he said that there is a God, but he can not prove it at all. Descartes circles mentioned by many philosophers are displayed like this. Descartes assumed that there is a god. Then he continued saying: David Hume's empiricalism Sanket Thakkar Oakton Community College starts with a philosopher based on his entire philosophy. Descartes rejects all premises and raises questions about congenital problems. He hid all assumptions and believed only things that could be proved. The purpose of putting everything in orderly doubt is that we do not know that it is true unless there is evidence. Descartes began to doubt his existence and started with that premise. "I am directly responsible for this, in his judicial work, David Hume put great emphasis on the distribution of social property, according to Mr. Hume, justice is an important social To prove his view on how virtue is and property distribution defines social justice, David Hume cited several examples.

Hume's ultimate goal in his philosophical effort is to weaken the esoteric philosophy. By focusing on a rational aspect, Hume shows that philosophy has limitations. As he does not know the limit he suggests that he use as many reasons as he can, but when he comes to the border this is the limit. He doubts that we have to research reason and find something beyond reasonable capacity. Hume started his first exam by classifying its contents as perception. The ethics of Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) are in stark contrast to the ethics of David Hume (1711-1776). Hume's moral philosophical approach is experimental and empirical; Kant emphasizes the need to establish a moral foundation in transcendentalism. Hume said that the reason is just "slave of passion", while Kant establishes morality with the concept of his own concept. Hume considers the feelings of kindness and generosity as a correct moral motive and Kant saw the motive of responsibility - Hume usually regards it as the motive of second best or recession, thus giving a devotion to morality that gives special morality Uniquely represent. Value is conveyed to action. Although the moral views of Kant and Hume are hostile to each other in many ways, there is also an important relationship between them. After the break, the philosopher Emmanuel Conde started reforming metaphysics. Kant believes that metaphysics is impossible if Hume is right. However, Kant did not want to give way to Hume 's skepticism, so Kant began to criticize the possibility to explore and reform metaphysics. Kant began to criticize the quest for 'transcendental' knowledge in philosophy. Kant began looking for the "transcendental" principle that can reasonably be inferred to explain why he thinks it can not be detected. Kant believes that the only way we can get the necessary and universal thing is through 'a priori'. Kant found that the notion of causality is not the only concept to understand things 'a priori' but the metaphysics confirmed to consist completely of these concepts. (8) Kant argues that Hume 's view is that mathematical propositions are analyzed? It is totally different. ~ 1 1 If Hume uses Kant's term when discussing Hume, it means that the knowledge of mathematics is a priori! Indeed, as we learned from paragraph 2, this term is not strange for Hume; for CeUsal, Hume says. Regardless of any exception, knowledge of this relationship can not be obtained by a priori reasoning under any circumstances, but when it is found that specific objectives are often combined with each other, is. Make sure that things are presented to those with strong natural rationality and ability; if things are new to him, he will cause some cause or influence by the most accurate test of his reasonable quality You will not be able to find it either. (E 2 7) It is mathematics to rest here

Looking at the history of metaphysics, what is the problem? It was answered in incomplete, dissatisfied or complicated ways, but Spinoza tried to answer this question in a special way by describing God and his nature. Based on Spinoza's point of view, the quality of God can be called an attribute, and its pattern is only the influence of matter. In this article I will explain in detail Spinoza 's important ontology, its attributes, and their common relationships that define God as the sole substance. Running Head: DESCARTES VS SPINOZA 1 Issue II: On the physical and mental relationship between Descartes and Spinoza Nicole Yang 20502251 PHIL 384 July 23, 2014 How do the different entities of the two dimensions interact? Human thought and unification of the body are persistent philosophical problems that have been sought since ancient Greece, and it is one of the major problems studied by Descartes and Spinoza. Descartes started this discourse at a rationalist school, and Spinoza later answered his work. In this article, we compare the views of Descartes and Spinoza about human thought and body relationship and keep Spinoza's assertion. Similarity Descartes and Spinoza have relatively little similarity between beliefs about the connection between the body and the mind. The first point determines the epistemological independence of the mind and the body Baruch Spinoza agrees with Descartes in its ethics that the problem can only be identified by its nature. However, he rejected Descartes' dualism. Spinoza objected to Descartes that thought and body had no influence on each other and were two attributes of the problem. Spinoza believes that the body and mind must not be substances different from each other because the substance definition requires that only a single substance exists. For him, God is everything, it's all. He is not a transitive, but an inner one

"In your philosophy, heaven and earth are more than dreams" (Shakespeare, 211). The quotation from William Shakespeare's "The tragedy of Prince Denmark Hamlet" presents a very good idea. It shows that in our modern philosophy, we are not even pulling out factors leading to the nature of things around us. Our philosophy focuses on the concept of causality. Regardless of whether people are aware of this, every point they claim is based on one reason and / or its influence. This is not necessarily important, but most people are too late to analyze the true relationship between the cause and its impact. David Hume did a wonderful job. David Hume was born in Edinburgh, Scotland. He first studied law at the University of Edinburgh. Hume served as secretary, librarian and embassy staff. David Hume went to France twice. He met Jean Jacques Rousseau, Diderot, d'Hollbach, Turgot, d'Alembert. When Rousseau came to England to find a job. Hume helped Rousseau find a job, and Rousseau could not stick to it for his prosecution. In addition, Hume does not allow us to apply the concept of "knowledge" to natural science. Hume distinguishes between what we call now analytical knowledge and the concept of de facto problems we currently call synthetic knowledge. Analysis, or prior knowledge and integration, posterior knowledge has the truth of two different standards David Hume Hume, David, 1711-76, Scottish philosopher, and historian. Hume brings empiricalism of John Rock and George Berkeley to the logical extremes of fundamental skepticism. He denied the possibility of certain kinds of knowledge and found a series of emotions in his mind and believed that the causal relationship in nature was entirely from B's introduction. The answer to the theme is drawn by the time committee named as illusion by David Hume, and the time committee named human by himself. In the era of modern philosophy, when the influence of Descartes was still important, David Hume brought the argument of killing the Descartes I created and skipping it like a ghost in human perception. You can see not only the theme but also the contrast between Hume and Descartes.

David Hume is an insightful philosopher and thinker and has shown us the problems we are constraining and what we are making the human nature a reality. Specifically, Hume is trying to persuade us to understand the facts. In this fact, we are based on life, form the custom on certain matters, and we are surrounding How do you adapt to the other things? After all, we do not know how things develop We can only assume past experiences, things will be customized and become customary through causality and casual language. David Hume Hume, David, 1711-76, Scottish philosopher, and historian. Hume brings empiricalism of John Rock and George Berkeley to the logical extremes of fundamental skepticism. He denied the possibility of certain kinds of knowledge and found a series of emotions in his mind and believed that the causal relationship in nature was entirely from B's introduction. The answer to the theme is drawn by the time committee named as illusion by David Hume, and the time committee named human by himself. In the era of modern philosophy, when the influence of Descartes was still important, David Hume brought the argument of killing the Descartes I created and skipping it like a ghost in human perception. You can see not only the theme but also the contrast between Hume and Descartes. Our recognition and memory The famous philosophers David Hume and Rene Descartes are those who are looking for answers and definitions of individual identity. Both of them considered their ideas and issued two different conclusions. Some people think that individual identity can not be understood, but others confirm that their certainty is their thinking and perception. David Hume begins discussing personal identity by denying this David Hume is studying physical and mental problems. Hume also investigated the person's character, the relationship between humans and animals, and the nature of the agent. Hume pointed out that we tend to think we are the same person five years ago. We have changed in various ways, but the same person appears there. You can start thinking about which functions can be changed without changing the fundamental self. However, Hume denies that there are differences between the various features of people and the magical self that is said to have these characteristics. "In addition to specific awareness, we will never pay close attention to anything - human beings are turning at incredible speed, a bunch or collection of different cognitions in constant flow and movement "

John Locke, Berkeley, Hume are both experienced philosophers. They all have different opinions, but I agree with three things; the only source of real knowledge is unreliable inappropriate knowledge paths unless it is based on a solid foundation of sensory experience A certain sensory experience Evidence indicates that natural thinking in the mind is learned from experience. Each of these philosophers formed some of the most fascinating concepts of our relationship with the surrounding world. Empiricism, a belief in the realization of knowledge through sensation, is the universal belief of several great contemporary philosophers. Perhaps the most famous empiricists are John Locke, George Berkeley and David Hume who are considered to be one of the most influential philosophers in the past 500 years. Due to the importance of experience in philosophical principles, each philosopher can be regarded as an experientist. More specifically, the empirical perspective of rock can be seen from his view on the primary and secondary nature of objects. David Hume Hume, David, 1711-76, Scottish philosopher, and historian. Hume brings empiricalism of John Rock and George Berkeley to the logical extremes of fundamental skepticism. He denied the possibility of certain kinds of knowledge and found a series of emotions in his mind and believed that the causal relationship in nature was entirely from B's introduction. The answer to the theme is drawn by the time committee named as illusion by David Hume, and the time committee named human by himself. In the era of modern philosophy, when the influence of Descartes was still important, David Hume brought the argument of killing the Descartes I created and skipping it like a ghost in human perception. You can see not only the theme but also the contrast between Hume and Descartes. Among the important philosophers related to empiricism are Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas, Francis Bacon, Thomas Hobbes, John Rock, George Berkeley, David Hume, and John Stuart Mill. Recently, positivists such as Mach, Vienna Circle, logical positivists, and most followers of analysis philosophy are empiricists. The central concept of scientific and scientific methods is that all evidence must be based on observable evidence by sensory or sensory extension empirically or empirically. It is distinguished from philosophical usage of empirical philosophy by using adjective "experience" or adverb "experience". Experience refers to the use of working assumptions used in combination with natural science and social science and can be tested or experimentally tested. In this sense, the scientific statement is the subject of our experience and observation and is derived from them.

David Hume Hume, David, 1711-76, Scottish philosopher, and historian. Hume brings empiricalism of John Rock and George Berkeley to the logical extremes of fundamental skepticism. He denied the possibility of some kind of knowledge, found a series of emotions in his mind, and believed that the causal relationship in nature arises from the combination of the two kinds of impressions. David Hume was born in Edinburgh, Scotland. He first studied law at the University of Edinburgh. Hume served as secretary, librarian and embassy staff. David Hume went to France twice. He met Jean Jacques Rousseau, Diderot, d'Hollbach, Turgot, d'Alembert. When Rousseau came to England to find a job. Hume helped Rousseau find a job, and Rousseau could not stick to it for his prosecution. In addition, Hume does not allow us to apply the concept of "knowledge" to natural science. Hume distinguishes between what we call now analytical knowledge and the concept of de facto problems we currently call synthetic knowledge. Analysis, or prior knowledge and integration, posterior knowledge has the truth of two different standards David Hume Hume, David, 1711-76, Scottish philosopher, and historian. Hume brings empiricalism of John Rock and George Berkeley to the logical extremes of fundamental skepticism. He denied the possibility of certain kinds of knowledge and found a series of emotions in his mind and believed that the causal relationship in nature was entirely from B's introduction. The answer to the theme is drawn by the time committee named as illusion by David Hume, and the time committee named human by himself. In the era of modern philosophy, when the influence of Descartes was still important, David Hume brought the argument of killing the Descartes I created and skipping it like a ghost in human perception. You can see not only the theme but also the contrast between Hume and Descartes. An attractive similarity between William Okamem and David Hume, such as the general view of causality. Answer: Occam Hume's David Hume William did not deny a causal relationship. He accepted it. However, he says that empirical methods can not logically prove their necessity. For Hume, causality is what human beings naturally believe.

For thousands of years, the mystery of consciousness has plagued humanity. We feel pain, hunger and other countless feelings, but this is a fact. We all know that we are conscious, but nobody has found out whether the human body is organized in a specific way leading to consciousness. The fact is that the existence of consciousness, the nature of knowledge can not be denied, regardless of the lack of a specific systematic de facto organization to explain it. According to Stanford University Philosophy Encyclopedia, David Hume (1711-1776) is a Scottish philosopher known for her reputation as an essayist. He is an influential empiricist, a human being is a group of people who do not have a true self (this is called the theory of deterrence), and morality is not based on moral principles but based on emotion I will. Isaac Newton (1642-1727) is a British mathematician and physicist who built the foundations of classical mechanics and calculus. According to data from the Isaac Newton Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Newton developed a movement and universal gravity law that improved understanding of the world of Copernicus. B. Introduction of David Hume's "Bundle" The outline of the theme (written as a response to Descartes) is drawn by a time council named David Hume as an illusion, and humans name it self. In the era of modern philosophy, when the influence of Descartes was still important, David Hume brought the argument of killing the Descartes I created and skipping it like a ghost in human perception. You can see not only the theme but also the contrast between Hume and Descartes. General Concept Study This busy term decided to focus on David Hume and W. K. Clifford Theory. David Hume is a very famous philosopher and takes the approach of attacking certain items he has strong opinions. He is a philosopher who attacks us as a simple thing that humans accept and gradually believes over time. First we start with his vision of David Hume and induction and generalization law. Then we will enter W. K. Clifford "I belong to (278) Then I will detail the criteria outlined by lock to explain the concept of persistent self.If you hurry from lock inference, I will introduce David Hume's self-concept as a bunch of ideas The juxtaposition of the self-essential proposition shows that John Rock's persistent self-view is flawed in considering David Hume's self-concept.

David Hume has expressed strong support in the fourth section of the "human understanding survey". Hume said: "As a universal proposition I will take freedom to declare that I do not accept any exceptions, knowledge of this relationship is not obtained by a priori reasoning under any circumstances When discussing 'knowledge of this relationship', Hume refers to causality. Since all such knowledge is suspicious, this sentence can easily be regarded as being skeptical. David Hume Hume, David, 1711-76, Scottish philosopher, and historian. Hume brings empiricalism of John Rock and George Berkeley to the logical extremes of fundamental skepticism. He denied the possibility of certain kinds of knowledge and found a series of emotions in his mind and believed that the causal relationship in nature was entirely from B's introduction. The answer to the theme is drawn by the time committee named as illusion by David Hume, and the time committee named human by himself. In the era of modern philosophy, when the influence of Descartes was still important, David Hume brought the argument of killing the Descartes I created and skipping it like a ghost in human perception. You can see not only the theme but also the contrast between Hume and Descartes. Suicide analysis of David Hume "I do not think anyone will abandon their lives, but it is worth continuing." In a paper by David Hume "suicide" he pursued a philosophical argument about reasonable suicide. However, the underlying argument focuses on inappropriate evidence of the government and society, which condemns and prohibits such behavior, the creation of religion, and superstition and lies of God. Hume thinks that it is the final stage of the person's experience before observing observation. David Hume's induction problem. According to Hume, this reasoning method is logically effective. Logically reasonable reasoning indicates that if the premise is true, the conclusion must be true. Better still, if you accept this premise, you must accept that conclusion. There is no way to realize this place, and the conclusion is wrong. However, this is not the case as the use of a priori reasoning does not prove logically correct inductive reasoning.

Practicalism, empiricism, and practicalism of David Hume are based on the philosophy that experience has to test and retest the idea and experience determines the reality. The practitioner also does not believe in the existence of absolute truths and values. David Hume said: "We can not draw evidence from the fact that we are very carefully watching, if we doubt, we can not be convinced" ("Theory" 2645). Hume's empiricist ideal is the root of early pragmatism and in our reality there is nothing to be confirmed and everything perceptible must always be qualified to find a place of reality . Hume's epistemology David Hume is a Scottish philosopher known for his skepticism and empiricism. Hume strives to develop John Rock 's empiricism better through scientific research on our humanity. If we do not clarify this problem, we can not rely on common sense to explain human behavior. In other words, Hume said that it is urgent to observe how humans do this because humans are actually living and working in this world. The main John Locke, Berkeley, Hume are both empiricist philosophers. They all have different opinions, but I agree with three anchor points; the only source of true knowledge is sensual experience, unreliable unless it is based on a strong foundation of sensual experience It is inappropriate knowledge route. There is no evidence that natural thoughts in mind are learned from experience. Every philosopher has developed some of the most attractive concepts. David Hume Hume, David, 1711-76, Scottish philosopher, and historian. Hume brings empiricalism of John Rock and George Berkeley to the logical extremes of fundamental skepticism. He denied the possibility of certain kinds of knowledge and found a series of emotions in his mind and believed that the causal relationship in nature was entirely from B's introduction. The answer to the theme is drawn by the time committee named as illusion by David Hume, and the time committee named human by himself. In the era of modern philosophy, when the influence of Descartes was still important, David Hume brought the argument of killing the Descartes I created and skipping it like a ghost in human perception. You can see not only the theme but also the contrast between Hume and Descartes.

Definition of the Two Reasons of David Hume The definition of two reasons in "Humanity" and "Exploration of Human Understanding" by David Hume was the focus of his controversy on the actual view of causality. The majority of the discussion focused on the lack of consistency between the two definitions and the definition as part of the larger text. Regarding the latter objection, Hume points out in the advertisement of the author that the paper "predicted research before leaving the university", so it can be supplemented by asserting the explanation proposed in the survey. He did not announce it. David Hume Hume, David, 1711-76, Scottish philosopher, and historian. Hume brings empiricalism of John Rock and George Berkeley to the logical extremes of fundamental skepticism. He denied the possibility of certain kinds of knowledge and found a series of emotions in his mind and believed that the causal relationship in nature was entirely from B's introduction. The answer to the theme is drawn by the time committee named as illusion by David Hume, and the time committee named human by himself. In the era of modern philosophy, when the influence of Descartes was still important, David Hume brought the argument of killing the Descartes I created and skipping it like a ghost in human perception. You can see not only the theme but also the contrast between Hume and Descartes. Our recognition and memory The famous philosophers David Hume and Rene Descartes are those who are looking for answers and definitions of individual identity. Both of them considered their ideas and issued two different conclusions. Some people think that individual identity can not be understood, but others confirm that their certainty is their thinking and perception. David Hume begins discussing personal identity by denying this It is usually defined in three different ways: material quality, biological and personal identity. In an article by David Hume and John Locke, they studied the meaning of identity with three simple sub theories. Both agreed on specific functions, but the other characteristics were totally different. Are they identified as the same person over time? Hume and Locke wrote a paper on concrete assumptions about identity. The author provides various examples to the reader

Knowledge can only be obtained through experience, and experiences exist only as a unit of individual thought in thinking. This knowledge theory belongs to Scottish philosopher David Hume. Hume was born April 26, 1711 and is the second son of his family. His father died when he was a baby and asked his mother to take care of his brothers and sisters. David Hume gained great success through the general curriculum and discovered early love for literature. He lives in Ninewells, a family-owned land near Edinburgh. David Hume Hume, David, 1711-76, Scottish philosopher, and historian. Hume brings empiricalism of John Rock and George Berkeley to the logical extremes of fundamental skepticism. He denied the possibility of certain kinds of knowledge and found a series of emotions in his mind and believed that the causal relationship in nature was entirely from B's introduction. The answer to the theme is drawn by the time committee named as illusion by David Hume, and the time committee named human by himself. In the era of modern philosophy, when the influence of Descartes was still important, David Hume brought the argument of killing the Descartes I created and skipping it like a ghost in human perception. You can see not only the theme but also the contrast between Hume and Descartes. Knowledge can only be obtained through experience, and experiences exist only as a unit of individual thought in thinking. This knowledge theory belongs to Scottish philosopher David Hume. Hume was born April 26, 1711 and is the second son of his family. His father died when he was a baby and asked his mother to take care of his brothers and sisters. David Hume gained great success through the general curriculum and discovered early love for literature. - Tested in various ways: The Catholic clergy of today's church by Christopher Ruddy also reflects the first article at Obleash Theological Seminary in San Antonio, Texas. The 7th Bernardine Cardinal Conference 2003 Ruddy reports on the sharing of academic and pastorian expertise and the voice of being a pastor. In addition to the report, this book opens and completes Ruddy's insight.

Empiricism (try something for yourself): All knowledge has to pass the doctrine of sensory communication; there is no natural idea that it is enough to remember (Ie Plato) All knowledge can be reduced to feelings. In other words, our concept is simply to feel the image. In short, there is no other knowledge besides knowledge gained through perceptual observation. Remember, according to Descartes, the first thing I know is my opinion. At that time, he wondered if this fictitious world would exist, so he began with his own idea and then became a reality next (not the other way). Knowledge can only be obtained through experience, and experiences exist only as a unit of individual thought in thinking. This knowledge theory belongs to Scottish philosopher David Hume. Hume was born April 26, 1711 and is the second son of his family. His father died when he was a baby and asked his mother to take care of his brothers and sisters. David Hume gained great success through the general curriculum and discovered early love for literature. - Tested in various ways: The Catholic clergy of today's church by Christopher Ruddy also reflects the first article at Obleash Theological Seminary in San Antonio, Texas. The 7th Bernardine Cardinal Conference 2003 Ruddy reports on the sharing of academic and pastorian expertise and the voice of being a pastor. In addition to the report, this book opens and completes Ruddy's insight. David Hume Hume, David, 1711-76, Scottish philosopher, and historian. Hume brings empiricalism of John Rock and George Berkeley to the logical extremes of fundamental skepticism. He denied the possibility of certain kinds of knowledge and found a series of emotions in his mind and believed that the causal relationship in nature was entirely from B's introduction. The answer to the theme is drawn by the time committee named as illusion by David Hume, and the time committee named human by himself. In the era of modern philosophy, when the influence of Descartes was still important, David Hume brought the argument of killing the Descartes I created and skipping it like a ghost in human perception. You can see not only the theme but also the contrast between Hume and Descartes. David Hume raised doubts about the world's knowledge with the option of "skeptical of understanding behavior." This problem is related to induction problems. David Hume was one of the first people to decide to analyze this problem. He begins to choose by providing a form of segmentation of human knowledge and then discusses its dependence on reasoning and experience. According to Mr. Hume, people believe that the future will be similar to the past, but there is no evidence to support this belief. In this article, we will clarify the form of knowledge and inference and verify inductive problems of Hume. This is a challenge to the explanation of legitimate faith because there is no reason for belief.

David Hume explains how you can not predict the future with a human understanding survey. Our experience and inference tells us that the object is functioning in a predictable way but we can not prove how the object is based on future previous interactions. After biting pizza we are looking forward to a pleasant taste. As our past experiences have proved this, this pleasant taste is predictable. Even though we think that the behavior of a pizza can be predicted to be the same as previous experience, it may only explode when chewing. David Hume Hume, David, 1711-76, Scottish philosopher, and historian. Hume brings empiricalism of John Rock and George Berkeley to the logical extremes of fundamental skepticism. He denied the possibility of certain kinds of knowledge and found a series of emotions in his mind and believed that the causal relationship in nature was entirely from B's introduction. The answer to the theme is drawn by the time committee named as illusion by David Hume, and the time committee named human by himself. In the era of modern philosophy, when the influence of Descartes was still important, David Hume brought the argument of killing the Descartes I created and skipping it like a ghost in human perception. You can see not only the theme but also the contrast between Hume and Descartes. David Hume raised doubts about the world's knowledge with the option of "skeptical of understanding behavior." This problem is related to induction problems. David Hume was one of the first people to decide to analyze this problem. He begins to choose by providing a form of segmentation of human knowledge and then discusses its dependence on reasoning and experience. According to Mr. Hume, people believe that the future will be similar to the past, but there is no evidence to support this belief. In this article, we will clarify the form of knowledge and inference and verify inductive problems of Hume. This is a challenge to the explanation of legitimate faith because there is no reason for belief.

This paper critically examines Hume's assertion on knowledge / existence of substantial ideas. This denial is rooted in his epistemology, which is based on the theory that complicated thinking lacking a corresponding impression is created by three relations, imagination, memory, and impression, three relationships, similarity, continuity, and a constant connection includes. The key to my criticism is to point out that these relationships are such that only unified agents over the long term can interact with them in a way to explain them in a hurry. David Hume Hume, David, 1711-76, Scottish philosopher, and historian. Hume brings empiricalism of John Rock and George Berkeley to the logical extremes of fundamental skepticism. He denied the possibility of certain kinds of knowledge and found a series of emotions in his mind and believed that the causal relationship in nature was entirely from B's introduction. The answer to the theme is drawn by the time committee named as illusion by David Hume, and the time committee named human by himself. In the era of modern philosophy, when the influence of Descartes was still important, David Hume brought the argument of killing the Descartes I created and skipping it like a ghost in human perception. You can see not only the theme but also the contrast between Hume and Descartes. Our recognition and memory The famous philosophers David Hume and Rene Descartes are those who are looking for answers and definitions of individual identity. Both of them considered their ideas and issued two different conclusions. Some people think that individual identity can not be understood, but others confirm that their certainty is their thinking and cognitive ability. David Hume begins discussing personal identity by denying this David Hume is studying physical and mental problems. Hume also investigated the person's character, the relationship between humans and animals, and the nature of the agent. Hume pointed out that we tend to think we are the same person five years ago. We have changed in various ways, but the same person appears there. You can start thinking about which functions can be changed without changing the fundamental self. However, Hume denies that there are differences between the various features of people and the magical self that is said to have these characteristics. "In addition to specific awareness, we will never pay close attention to anything - human beings are turning at incredible speed, a bunch or collection of different cognitions in constant flow and movement "

Locke, Berkeley, Hume's Enlightenment began with unmatched confidence for human reasons. The success of the new science through the elimination of the natural world of Locke, Berkeley, Hume influenced philosophical efforts in two ways. The first is to place the foundation of human knowledge in the human mind and put it in encounter with the physical world. The second is to direct the attention of philosophy to an analysis of the mind that can achieve cognitive success. John Rock set a tone of enlightenment by affirming the basic principle of empiricism: nothing in intelligence was in the past. Empiricism, a belief in the realization of knowledge through sensation, is the universal belief of several great contemporary philosophers. Perhaps the most famous empiricists are John Locke, George Berkeley and David Hume who are considered to be one of the most influential philosophers in the past 500 years. Due to the importance of experience in philosophical principles, each philosopher can be regarded as an experientist. More specifically, the empirical perspective of rock can be seen from his view on the primary and secondary nature of objects. David Hume Hume, David, 1711-76, Scottish philosopher, and historian. Hume brings empiricalism of John Rock and George Berkeley to the logical extremes of fundamental skepticism. He denied the possibility of certain kinds of knowledge and found a series of emotions in his mind and believed that the causal relationship in nature was entirely from B's introduction. The answer to the theme is drawn by the time committee named as illusion by David Hume, and the time committee named human by himself. In the era of modern philosophy, when the influence of Descartes was still important, David Hume brought the argument of killing the Descartes I created and skipping it like a ghost in human perception. You can see not only the theme but also the contrast between Hume and Descartes. Among the important philosophers related to empiricism are Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas, Francis Bacon, Thomas Hobbes, John Rock, George Berkeley, David Hume, and John Stuart Mill. Recently, positivists such as Mach, Vienna Circle, logical positivists, and most followers of analysis philosophy are empiricists. The central concept of scientific and scientific methods is that all evidence must be based on observable evidence by sensory or sensory extension empirically or empirically. It is distinguished from philosophical usage of empirical philosophy by using adjective "experience" or adverb "experience". Experience refers to the use of working assumptions used in combination with natural science and social science and can be tested or experimentally tested. In this sense, the scientific statement is the subject of our experience and observation and is derived from them.

Hume's mental game Human thought is a very complex machine. There have been a lot of attempts to explain how human thinking works, but it has not been successful. After reading Hume I agree with many of the things he explained. In my opinion, Hume is the closest thing to exposing thought. Robert Hume handled much of what Decarte spoke of in his work. The difference between Decarte and Hume is that Hume "resolves" many of the "wrinkles" left by Decarte. David Hume Hume, David, 1711-76, Scottish philosopher, and historian. Hume brings empiricalism of John Rock and George Berkeley to the logical extremes of fundamental skepticism. He denied the possibility of certain kinds of knowledge and found a series of emotions in his mind and believed that the causal relationship in nature was entirely from B's introduction. The answer to the theme is drawn by the time committee named as illusion by David Hume, and the time committee named human by himself. In the era of modern philosophy, when the influence of Descartes was still important, David Hume brought the argument of killing the Descartes I created and skipping it like a ghost in human perception. You can see not only the theme but also the contrast between Hume and Descartes. Our recognition and memory The famous philosophers David Hume and Rene Descartes are those who are looking for answers and definitions of individual identity. Both of them considered their ideas and issued two different conclusions. Some people think that individual identity can not be understood, but others confirm that their certainty is their thinking and cognitive ability. David Hume begins discussing personal identity by denying this

In meditation 6 entitled "The existence of material things and the real distinction between the body and the mind" In Meditation 6, the important thing Descartes explores is the relationship between the body and the mind. Descartes believes that the mind and body are separate, they are two different substances. He believes this is a clear and obvious truth, and that it is a Cartesian true knowledge quality. On the other hand, I do not agree that the mind and body are separate and the mind can exist without body. Running Head: DESCARTES VS SPINOZA 1 Issue II: On the physical and mental relationship between Descartes and Spinoza Nicole Yang 20502251 PHIL 384 July 23, 2014 How do the different entities of the two dimensions interact? Human thought and unification of the body are persistent philosophical problems that have been sought since ancient Greece, and it is one of the major problems studied by Descartes and Spinoza. Descartes started this discourse at a rationalist school, and Spinoza later answered his work. In this article, we compare the views of Descartes and Spinoza about human thought and body relationship and keep Spinoza's assertion. Similarity Descartes and Spinoza have relatively little similarity between beliefs about the connection between the body and the mind. The first point determines the epistemological independence of the mind and the body The dualism of Descartes' mind and matter means the concept of humanity. According to Descartes, humans are a complex existence of thought and body. Descartes prioritizes the mind and thinks that the mind can exist without the body but the body can not exist without the mind. In meditation, Descartes believes that although the mind is a substance, the body consists only of "accidents". However, he believes that the mind and body are closely related. Nature tells me through pain, hunger, thirst, etc. Together, I will form a unit with the body. I will not feel pain even if my body is hurt, but I will only be perceived by intelligence just as a crew sees something broken on his ship. Descartes' view of the mind and body problems is called interaction. He said that the mind and body communicate with each other without mutual exchange. He insists that Meditation 6, the relationship between body and mind is not similar to the relationship between pilot and ship. This relationship has no intimate relationship. According to him he says that our relationship with our soul and body is not such a type as our relationship with our soul and body is too intimate. "The pineal gland is also known as the pineal gland, a small endocrine gland in the brain of a vertebrate, a small endocrine gland in the brain of a vertebrate It is an effect that affects the adjustment of the awakening / sleep mode It produces a certain melatonin, and the light cycle of the hormone (seasonal function, it seems like a small pine cone, located near the center of the brain, between the two hemispheres hidden in the two circular thalamids It is shaped.

According to the suicide National Institute of Mental Health seen from the eyes of Kant and Hume, "In 2007, [suicide] was the tenth most death cause in the United States and 34,598 people died." Although numbers are small, it is common for people around you to commit suicide, but this is a big problem (NIMH). About suicide, various emotions and opinions are mixed. Some people choose to believe this is the state of mind that will make people feel suicide. Kant argues that Hume 's view is that mathematical propositions are analyzed? It is totally different. ~ 1 1 If Hume uses Kant's term when discussing Hume, it means that the knowledge of mathematics is a priori! Indeed, as we learned from paragraph 2, this term is not strange for Hume; for CeUsal, Hume says. Regardless of any exception, knowledge of this relationship can not be obtained by a priori reasoning under any circumstances, but when it is found that specific objectives are often combined with each other, is. Make sure that things are presented to those with strong natural rationality and ability; if things are new to him, he will cause some cause or influence by the most accurate test of his reasonable quality You will not be able to find it either. (E 2 7) It is mathematics to rest here The reading I chose from Hume and Kant represents their final view on art philosophy. Hume's taste paper is his last philosophical writing, its existence is coincidental. Hume provided this article when his publisher suggested that his articles about suicide and immortality might be sued, but hoped to fill the gap in a series of articles. Kant read some of Hume's translated works, but Kant never read "preference of preference". Some of the paragraphs of "criminal criticism" sound like a reaction to Hume, which is due to their common influence in British tradition, and an understanding of beauty as a taste. Both studied the work of Shaftesbury's third work Anthony Cooper (1671-1713). They insist that we were born in "introverted eyes" which are particularly suitable for aesthetic sense. From the point of view of Aristotle (or French fries), the uniqueness of the Cant method is not special. As he copes with Hume, Kant is close to this as he did, and one of Hume's first challenges is the origin of "thinking". The problem of the first principle relates to the legitimacy of the proposition, but Hume's empirical approach can be traced back to the first question of the validity of the concepts making up the proposition. Rationalists do not worry about this. For Descartes, any concept that can be considered "clearly and clearly" can be used without hesitation or without doubt. Because the empathicist wants to track all "thoughts" back to experience, we are beginning to ask for credentials certificates.

Through doubt and doubt, Descartes cast an easy and complicated question. Shocked by all the lies he believed, Descartes certainly began to rationally decide what could exist without a doubt. Descartes doubts everything so that his customary view and false knowledge do not hinder the ability to truly perceive things. As far as the body is concerned, our senses tell us that when the ligament outside the body and the substance together create the body. However, when we are skeptical and suspicious of all previous knowledge, we can not prove that our physical existence is deceived by our sense. Even if there is a suspicion of existence ... more content After the wax melted, all the waxes (their color, taste, fragrance) were removed, but the idea of ​​wax remained. But our wisdom, our only reasoning and understanding ability will tell us that it is the same wax. We know that it is the same wax after it melts, but the flame makes it look different from it. If solids and dissolved waxes are the same, how does intelligence know this? Descartes concluded that his ability to understand wax is not only through sensations acquired by the body but also from his own intelligence inference and understanding. In order to judge what is certain, we must doubt all previous knowledge and beliefs. With doubt on everything, the sensation gained by the body becomes unreliable, and all remaining emotions are reliable nature of thought and intelligence. In order for us to understand through sensation, we must have ideas. The belief that thinking exists enables self creation, the power of intelligence and thinking. The difference between self, thinking ability, and everything else is that it is beyond doubt. Contrary to Descartes, Buddhist philosophy refuses to accept the concept of self. According to Buddhism, there is a self that means there is a part that you can control. So, I am not saying "I do not think that I am thinking like this". Rene Descartes says "About methodology" (Cartesian 1637). I think it is quite obvious as I think I will exist. Through our thinking, we provide evidence of our existence. But Jill Bolte Taylor added her idea to TED.com's purely right-brain video demonstration "I do not think so". Neuroanatomist Jill Voltte Taylor provides a detailed, sometimes emotional explanation René Descartes, an early modern philosopher who invented analytical geometry, says: In fact, this is not a good technical translation. Descartes means "I am closer, because I am thinking." Certainty: How to implement it and when you know it. In the long history of philosophical discourse, most philosophers try to find out what they believe is convincing, that everyone should agree regardless of their political or other status did. "I think that I like this" The famous introduction of René de Carte is the basis of his dualism theory. Mixture of thinking and body, or materials of expansion and thought, tells the thought of Descartes 'real human'. Descartes' thought that the body is completely independent from the heart is called mechanical view. Descartes's interest in "thinking about yourself" is the first and important step in the transition from metaphysics to epistemology in modern philosophy. He realized the necessity of orderly thought, and he called it a method. The phrase "I think so," or "Cogito ergo sum" may make Descartes the most cited philosopher in the past 400 years. French theory - if I am thinking, I must also exist - is the foundation of modern philosophy. For Descartes, Cogito forms the basis of all other knowledge. In the depth of contemplation, Cogito is the truth decided when Descartes doubts everything. But since Descartes, suspicion has expanded. David Hume and Emanuel Kant asked me what I thought about "me", so I did. Because I have "I", did not you think that happened? Perhaps we should say that it is "thinking" as we said "rain", and say that "I" is right behind this idea.

Descartes argues that "Cogito ergo sum" deviates largely from the philosophy of his era. Beginning with the basic principles of rationalism, he concluded that "I, therefore, I think it exists." In his meditation II, Descartes reached the zero point of epistemology. Here, Descartes started his amazing view. "So it was reflected very well, and we examined everything carefully, when will we finally propose psychological understanding?" In this statement he said that his own After confirming the existence, he came to the conclusion that he was his own - thoughtful thing, that is, heart, understanding or rationality - It is abstract. When Descartes used consciousness to define thinking, Descartes provided one of the first purely psychological uses of the concept of consciousness. However, he did not analyze this concept. Instead, he uses this concept to prove his cognitive assertion in meditation. However, his way of using this concept means analysis. Conscious thinking is a state of mind that is voluntarily imposed in some way. According to Descartes, all ideas have this basic attribute. Thinking - Thinking is the main attribute of thought. Descartes' definition of thought is very extensive. It includes all spiritual manipulations such as imagination, perception, reasoning, belief, hope, doubt, desire, motivation and so on. There is controversy about the criterion of thought. Many philosophers believe that Descartes believes consciousness is a sign of thinking. Others believe that Descartes defines thinking as a representative one. However, others believe that Descartes believes that the idea is determined by the combination of these two standards. Naturally, Descartes has a different meaning from "Hume". In the context of denying that it is an animal, Descartes seems to think that the word represents the present idea, that is, entertainment, thought idea, or a sudden idea (Malcolm 1973). Of course, ordinary adults express their thoughts through declarative remarks; declarative speech shares some important features with the current idea. For example, both have a propositional content, neither of which is irrelevant to the stimulus (that is, thinking can happen to a person and produce declarative speech completely unrelated to what happens in human direct environmental perception) Neither is dependent on behavior (that is, the idea may happen to humans and may generate declarative remarks that are not related to current behavior or needs).

Over the years, many scientists and philosophers have believed that humans are composed of physical and mental (Radner, 1971). Some of them believe that the mind is different from the body, and each of them has no interaction under their own influence (Radner, 1971). Another point of view is that the body and the mind act together as a whole and the result is human. Great figures like Greek philosophers Aristotle and Ladner (1971) have always held this view. Running Head: DESCARTES VS SPINOZA 1 Issue II: On the physical and mental relationship between Descartes and Spinoza Nicole Yang 20502251 PHIL 384 July 23, 2014 How do the different entities of the two dimensions interact? Human thought and unification of the body are persistent philosophical problems that have been sought since ancient Greece, and it is one of the major problems studied by Descartes and Spinoza. Descartes started this discourse at a rationalist school, and Spinoza later answered his work. In this article, we compare the views of Descartes and Spinoza about human thought and body relationship and keep Spinoza's assertion. Similarity Descartes and Spinoza have relatively little similarity between beliefs about the connection between the body and the mind. The first point determines the epistemological independence of the mind and the body The dualism of Descartes' mind and matter means the concept of humanity. According to Descartes, humans are a complex existence of thought and body. Descartes prioritizes the mind and thinks that the mind can exist without the body but the body can not exist without the mind. In meditation, Descartes believes that although the mind is a substance, the body consists only of "accidents". However, he believes that the mind and body are closely related. Nature tells me through pain, hunger, thirst, etc. Together, I will form a unit with the body. I will not feel pain even if my body is hurt, but I will only be perceived by intelligence just as a crew sees something broken on his ship. Descartes' view of the mind and body problems is called interaction. He said that the mind and body communicate with each other without mutual exchange. He insists that Meditation 6, the relationship between body and mind is not similar to the relationship between pilot and ship. This relationship has no intimate relationship. According to him he says that our relationship with our soul and body is not such a type as our relationship with our soul and body is too intimate. "The pineal gland is also known as the pineal gland, a small endocrine gland in the brain of a vertebrate, a small endocrine gland in the brain of a vertebrate It is an effect that affects the adjustment of the awakening / sleep mode It produces a certain melatonin, and the light cycle of the hormone (seasonal function, it seems like a small pine cone, located near the center of the brain, between the two hemispheres hidden in the two circular thalamids It is shaped.

Charles Earrings believes that "People can understand natural tools and things only by language, logic, practical signs." (Kremer) Descartes wants us to doubt. It is caused by irritation. "The function of thinking is to create beliefs after being stimulated by doubt." The influence of thinking, that is, beliefs, includes customs and faith is "behavior" because habits are "rules of behavior" . "Pearce's custom is using scientific methods instead of creating new methods like Descartes. Therefore, in the opinion of Peirce, Descartes did not "doubt" really believe what he believed, especially God. No doubt, some scholars object. For example, Huck wrote that the Descartes approach is different from the approach Pierce uses, does not require Pierce to assert that it is impossible and that person voluntarily begins people's first We begin to question our beliefs. "The pale of paper" goes back to "philosophical doubt" (as opposed to "heart suspicion"), and thinks that the former is not inappropriate in philosophy. In the sense of "pretend to be hesitant", Descartes doubts the existence of God, see Peirce vs. Descartes Mark. Criticism of Sim Descartes founder René Descartes ignored all beliefs, ideas, ideas, and materials. He showed that his reasoning and inference of knowledge may be wrong. Sensory experience as the main knowledge mode is often wrong and must be questioned. For example, what people see is probably an illusion. There is nothing to prove that it is impossible. In a nutshell, if there is a way to deny a belief, the reason is not enough. In this way, Descartes has proposed two arguments: a dream and a devil. Descartes' discussion is an epistemological argument. It casts doubt on the nature, limitations and validity of human knowledge. Descartes is not exploring the essence of reality, but doubts his own knowledge and interpretation of reality. Using methodological skepticism, Descartes doubts whatever may be suspected to lay the foundation for true knowledge. In epistemology, most of the knowledge we got is enough to explain the world, but there is no "absolute" truth. Descartes' goal is to build knowledge on a solid foundation - the scientific revolution is ongoing and Descartes thinks whether things have sufficient basis for pretending to be human beings things like this: If you believe that your precious others are loyal to you, well-known common friends promise you so you can later remind that your friend is a sickly liar I will discover. Alternatively, consider the standard meaning that the DNA laboratory does not need to maintain accurate results. All conclusions based on the results of this lab are questioned. Descartes will try to guarantee there is no such problem in the source of our knowledge. If there is any, it questions everything

Hume: Bad practices and virtue philosophy are studies of general and basic problems such as existence, reality, knowledge, values, human thoughts, and questions about languages. "Therefore, I am a famous quotation that attempts to define this study very easily, and the philosophers quoted are the widely considered fathers of modern philosophy, the 17th century French Renée Descartes ". David Hume is a Scottish of the 18th century and is considered by many to be the most important British philosopher in history. In his work "Humanity theory", David Hume divides virtues into two categories, artificial virtue and natural virtue. Hume pointed out that courage is a natural virtue in paper. Among the paper's "pride and humility, its purpose and cause", Hume clearly shows that courage is the cause of pride. Witness, goodwill, learning, courage, justice, honesty, all these are the reasons for pride, and the opposite of their humility. Hume discussed a wide catalog of special virtues and vices. His story in "thesis" is based on the distinction between "natural" virtue and "human" virtue, which can easily be misunderstood. The question is not whether some virtues are fake or imitation, and whether other virtues are genuine or not. The problem is whether some people rely on social rules and customs, but others do not. Organizing his catalog by this distinction deals with people who believe that Hume emerges from people who think morality as a complete tradition (eg Bernard Mandeville) and social customs that it is independent of social customs Francis Hutcheson) According to Hume's view, some virtues depend on social customs, but others are not (Cohon 2008: 162-163). In both cases, he is trying to explain why people tend to develop these characteristics, and why they tend to pick sensible spectators.

It is relatively easy to confuse the ideas of Aristotle, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Reneshchet, but the ancient philosophy, politics and mathematics of the 18th century seem to be a very scattered theme. In relation to these differences, there are three different perspectives on common themes. That is technology. Rousseau seems to oppose technology directly, Aristotle's perspective is in the middle, it is like Rousseau, and Descartes supports technology. After reading the commentary on the origin of Rousseau's inequality, Aristotle's 'Nicomara Ethics', and Descartes 'Methodology', these conclusions can be drawn. If you have learned a course of philosophy or ethics, you may know standard thinkers, Aristotle and Plato, Kant and Hume, Descartes and Rousseau. These philosophers are one of the most influential thinkers in the modern world. They shape the foundation of individuals, population and society to establish ethical and legal norms. However, if you use only one philosophy course to satisfy your graduation requirement, you may not know the other half of the world view. Before the earliest Western philosophers breathed for the first time, the history and civilization as a whole rose, was dominated and collapsed (not to mention mothers' mothers and mothers). It is relatively easy to confuse the ideas of Aristotle, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Reneshchet, but the ancient philosophy, politics and mathematics of the 18th century seem to be a very scattered theme. In relation to these differences, there are three different perspectives on common themes. That is technology. Rousseau seems to oppose technology directly, Aristotle's perspective is in the middle, it is like Rousseau, and Descartes supports technology. - In the Nicomasian Code of Ethics, generosity is the third virtue Aristotle has investigated. He calls generous ideas directly with the meaning of wealth. As Aristotle said, generosity is an intermediate factor between waste and non-generosity, waste is excess and implied flaws. However, this virtue is not natural, generosity can be created through customs, but also requires experience and time.

Descartes doubts experiments and mathematical abstracts: Descartes considers mathematical propositions to be doubtful. Because he believes that all beliefs are derived from perception and examples of questions about the existence of substances. The problem is not to "calculate the actual object or the sky image", but it means "to calculate the amount". Given Descartes' early works, it is possible to see the proposition 2 + against him. 3 = 5 'And' I think so, so I '', this argument is equal Descartes, Hume and skeptical Descartes are in charge of skepticism known as Descartes. Hume criticized this skepticism in his "investigation on human understanding." After discussing Descartes' suspicion, he proposed another type of skepticism that he thought he was more philosophically effective. Hume correctly explains Descartes' suspicion, is his skepticism better? Descartes introduced general skepticism to philosophy. If we believe that what is regarded as "knowledge" must be accepted as information and justified in order to be accepted. Skepticism doubts the verification of knowledge and I doubt how it came to such a conclusion. This is the main problem of skepticism Before deeply living, we need to define the term Descartes skepticism and Cartesian logic. Descartes's skepticism and doubt are derived from Descartes' Descartes and the point of skeptical debate is that we can not know the empirical allegation (Apple etc.) because there is a possibility that we might be deceived is. It has existed in the world for many years and is known by history and colonial companies. Even today, the problem is a form of racial and biopolitical problems in our world. Colonization and colonization and the concept of the difference between the two (another person is human and the other is partial) At first glance, this looks like a clearly defined question. To speak frankly, we can only judge the first person's experience. Cartesian skepticism, fully proposed by Descartes, is remarkably related to perceptual people simulated in the virtual environment. The person performing the simulation is basically a Descartes devil. If you feel that you may be simulating, the only thing you can not suspect is your subjective first person's experience. I want to know what Descartes meant when I talked about his important introduction. As background, I discovered an important part of the Cartesian heritage; Descartes doubts - casts doubt on everything you know. In today's world, this idea seems to be very old-fashioned. We tend to question everything within the scope of skepticism. For Descartes, doubt is the opposite of reason. Descartes' suspicion has made scientific progress possible over the past 200 years. The medieval society believed that humans existed because God wants them to exist. Descartes does not doubt the existence of God, I doubt that the existence of man is God's desire. He has a problem because he proved the existence of God using a series of theorems. He proved that thought is the essence of thinking

There are two main thoughts or methodologies on the subject of epistemology: rationalism and empiricism. These two completely different schools of thought are trying to answer philosophical questions about how to acquire knowledge. Rationalists believe that this process is entirely within our head, but experientists believe that it will be achieved through sensory experience. After reading and understanding each discussion it is clear that empiricism is the most relative descriptive position in epistemology. Empiricalism is an excellent position in discussions of empiricism and rationalism. Renedecart supports rationalism. That is acquiring knowledge by reason. David Hume supports empiricism and knowledge after experience through experience. Both positions have strong debate. Descartes warns that "something is genuine, I do not understand it is such thing." Descartes believes that it is necessary to "assure that rationality is used for everything" in order to obtain true knowledge. Hume, on the other hand, believes that the connection of ideas is our knowledge. He explains this empirical approach, using three principles of relationship between ideas, ie similarity, time or place continuity, causality. Hume believes that we associate these ideas in our mind with the ideas we gained through experience. Essay.com/a Thesis using direct citation of Hume and Descartes to demonstrate positivism against rationalism For a long time philosophers have intensely discussed the classification of philosophical epistemology into two categories: rationalism and empiricism. We believe that empiricism can acquire knowledge only by observing facts or by experimenting, but rationalism gains knowledge through logical reasoning. Rationalism and empiricism are themselves a very viable way of thinking in philosophy, but the arguments of these philosophical schools become more powerful when combined. Then, please argue, rationalism and empiricism, sum. The fact that philosophers can be rationalists or empiricists was traditionally used in the classification system commonly used in the history of philosophy, especially Kant's description in the first half of the 17th to the 17th century It affects the classification system. . Therefore, Descartes, Spinoza, and Leibniz were erroneously regarded as applying rational core epistemology to a common metaphysical agenda, Rock, Berkeley, and Hume erroneously reached a gradual rejection of their metaphysical claims It was regarded, and everyone consciously tried to improve his predecessor's efforts.

For a long time philosophers have intensely discussed the classification of philosophical epistemology into two categories: rationalism and empiricism. We believe that empiricism can acquire knowledge only by observing facts or by experimenting, but rationalism gains knowledge through logical reasoning. Rationalism and empiricism are themselves a very viable way of thinking in philosophy, but the arguments of these philosophical schools become more powerful when combined. Empiricalism is an excellent position in discussions of empiricism and rationalism. Renedecart supports rationalism. That is acquiring knowledge by reason. David Hume supports empiricism and knowledge after experience through experience. Both positions have strong debate. Descartes warns that "something is genuine, I do not understand it is such thing." Descartes believes that it is necessary to "assure that rationality is used for everything" in order to obtain true knowledge. Hume, on the other hand, believes that the connection of ideas is our knowledge. He explains this empirical approach, using three principles of relationship between ideas, ie similarity, time or place continuity, causality. Hume believes that we associate these ideas in our mind with the ideas we gained through experience. Essay.com/a Thesis using direct citation of Hume and Descartes to demonstrate positivism against rationalism Rationalism is often contrasted with empiricism. In fact, these views are not mutually exclusive. For example, the philosophy of science is rational and empirical. But knowledge is basically based on experience if you think that the end of the experience comes from experience through five external senses or through inner feelings like pain and happiness. Similarly, some plausible versions argue that starting from the basic principle like geometric axioms, all possible global knowledge can be deduced derived. The philosophers who discussed this point are Spinoza and Leibniz, and efforts to solve epistemological and metaphysical problems raised by Descartes brought about the development of a subjective approach to rationality. Spinoza and Leibnitz believe that, in principle, at least all knowledge including scientific knowledge can be obtained only by rationality.

Historical development of self-conceptualism The development of self-concepts or self-concepts can be traced back to the era of classical philosophy that Hattie (1992) followed. Self-awareness is related to the identity, individuality and self-awareness of Greek philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle. In addition, the philosophers of the Renaissance promoted feelings "self" and "knowing self" as the foundation of existence through discussion. Hume (1711-1776) shifted from the mainstream of intellectuals and rejected the idea of ​​a unique and stable self-concept, but emphasized the superiority of "self-recognition" and the superiority of experience as a source of constant change . In order to learn this theory, first you need to understand the history of the development of self-conceptual theory. The earliest milestone in self concept theory was Rene Descartes. And it suggested that the existence of a person depends on the way he sees it. Sigmund Freud is one of the most famous psychologists and advocates a number of theories to talk about our inner psychological processes. In his theory, we are considered to have three main aspects, id (happiness oriented), self (balance between id and superego), and super ego (led conscience). Historical development of self-conceptualism The development of self-concepts or self-concepts can be traced back to the era of classical philosophy that Hattie (1992) followed. Self-awareness is related to the identity, individuality and self-awareness of Greek philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle. In addition, the philosophers of the Renaissance promoted feelings "self" and "knowing self" as the foundation of existence through discussion. Hume (1711-1776) shifted from the mainstream of intellectuals and rejected the idea of ​​a unique and stable self-concept, but emphasized the superiority of "self-recognition" and the superiority of experience as a source of constant change .

Expressionism and opposition to realism - Kant, Davidson and Roti (1) Abstract: The concept of expressionism and anti-expression is introduced in the discussion of contemporary philosophy of Richard Drotti to explain him and the new pragmatism I was wrong. Attitudes towards traditional epistemological problems Roti means that the history of philosophy indicates that there is no final answer to traditional knowledge, truth, and representation; therefore, they are rejected It should be. Richard Rorty argued that contemporary analytical philosophy in a philosophical and natural mirror inadvertently imitates scientific methods. In addition, he condemns traditional epistemological viewpoint of expressionism and its corresponding theory, which depends on knowledge and independence of observer phenomena and passivity of natural phenomena and consciousness. As a supporter of anti-fundamentalism and anti-essentialism in the framework of pragmatism, he responded to postmodernism of traditionalism and relativism, but he responded to most postmodern ideas and his social liberalism I opposed the commitment. This 144 page book has a title that may lead people to introductory, but while summarizing McIntyre 's theme, the author also considers other philosophers such as Donald Davidson, especially Richard Roti Use. In order to understand McIntyre's idea, readers unfamiliar with Davidson and Rorty may find it difficult to understand this material. These essays are very broad, including a paper on the concept of justice in MacIntyre, an explanation of his liberalism, his interpretation of Aquinas, and criticism of his Enlightenment. The last chapter is written by MacIntyre himself; entitled "Partial Response to My Critics", it provides McIntyre's response to some of the criticism raised by other authors. (Motivation to interact with McKintal's critics is rare and worthy of praise) From Peirce and James to Rorty and Davidson, pragmatists have sought empiricism to purify Descartes' remains. For example, they claim that empiricism deprives the spiritual understanding Rock, Berkeley, and Hume inherited from Descartes. According to this Cartesianism, thinking is completely subjective and private that its content of "thinking" or "impression" is irrevocable, completely separated from the objective world being publicized when they express ing. . Accepting this world of mind, experientists have to face the long series of difficult questions - loneliness, skepticism, realism, idealism -.

The importance of educational experience was always the subject of philosophical debate. These discussions between empiricists and rationalists have been on for a while. Rationalists believe that the knowledge gained through sensation can not be trusted, learning can only be accomplished through reasoning. On the other hand, experientists believe that knowledge can be obtained through empirical impressions and concepts that can not be learned without experience (Evans, 1992, p. 35). However, Kant solves this argument and believes that experience and reason are necessary conditions for learning. Empiricism and rationalism: Experiences are related to British enlightenment philosophers including John Rock, George Berkeley, Hume. Experiences believe that all human knowledge comes from sensory and sensory experiences. According to New Orleans of the University of Loyola, a rationalist who lives mainly on the European continent believes that the sensation is not reliable, and that knowledge is brought about through thought, or ideas and intuitional thought. John Comenius (1592 - 1670) is an excellent intellectual who supports universal education and practical education. He played an important role in introducing picture books written in their own languages, not Latin. He advocates development of lifelong learning and logical thinking, not memorization. He wants to educate women and poor children John Rock (1632-1704) was the first person in the classic English classics. These philosophers are skeptical of rationalistic metaphysics, in particular abuse of speculation, epistemology based on congenital concepts. Explain all natural knowledge of human knowledge without reference, and his theory is simpler and better than Descartes' theory. - To live in society based on the social contract we signed, the government and artificial law is definitely a strong defender of the treaty itself. They will benefit the citizens and protect the country's safety. Nonetheless, they should not be the only reasons for justice, it should not be a precondition for justice. In Kant 's epistemology the two conflicting camps were rationalists and empiricists. Rationalists led by Rene Descartes believe in a priori reasoning. Thinking of a series of assumptions, what can you infer? On the other hand, Hume and the empiricist. Camp learns from experience or prioritize reasoning after reasoning. So far, the neural network was empirical. Let's see a lot of data and draw conclusions from there. There are more theories behind other machine learning methods, but they still tend to be based on empiricism. Without data, they are nothing. Professor Pedro Domingos of the University of Washington changed the analogy of machine learning to a scientific method. Hypothesize and collect some data. Optimize assumptions and repeat

In Alan Gewirth's "The Cartesian Circle" he rewrote the possibility of a logical mistake of Descartes's first philosophy in a previous paper. Arguments Reference to Descartes is obviously a circular reasoning, and because of the existence of God, he can have clearly distinct ideas, but the proof of the existence of God is itself clear and unique Based on ideas. Gewirth's reaction to Descartes's critic is that Descartes uses different types of certainty to prove the existence and authenticity of God rather than the accuracy of a clear and unique idea. The problem I found in his unique and clear theory is that Descartes proves the existence of God. He uses a theory of circulation when "prove" the existence of God. This circular reasoning is called Cartesian circle. The Cartesian circle is a sort of cyclic inference, on the other hand it can only be learned by clearly and independently perceiving that God exists. (Rob 200-235) This reasoning does not give concrete conclusions about the existence of God. It walked around the circle one by one. Descartes believes that only his thoughts can be deceived than his idea. So God is kind and perfect, so do not let him fool him, so God exists. In order to explain his view on the existence of God, Descartes believes that if a person can think of God as full existence, then if we can think of it in our head, He pointed out that there must be a complete existence. essay.com/Rene Explain and comment on his dreams and demons, the way of doubt, and clear and unique trials. Furthermore, his theory (opinion) is bad and good. His explanation about Rune de Carte, deductions of dreams and demons, ways of doubt, and clear and unique trials. Furthermore, his theory (opinion) is bad and good. Descartes 'era of criticism by Thomas Hobbes and Pierre Gassendi, Descartes' psychology was deprived of its introspective features in the 18th century. The original biological psychology survived the progressive circle. In British philosophy, David Hartley (1705-1757) stands out in the movement to adapt the dynamics principle of Newton and Descartes to the need for new psychological science. His observation of humanity (1749) provides a controversial and explanatory behavioristic psychological defense based on the (Hume) unified principle within the framework of introspective advocacy Descartes. In France, L'Homme-machine (1748) of Julien de La Mettrie proposed a materialistic psychology without anti-spiritual, reductive, behavioristic compromise.

This kind of argument is practical to predict the pattern of repeatedly occurring events, but they are never valid. Please think of sunrise. It lasts thousands of days every day. So it will rise tomorrow. This possibility is very high, but it is not 100% likely. Also think about the existence of the universe itself. The probability of life arising from the fusion of random forces is very low, but the correct combination of life exists only once. In the 1800s, British philosophy and moral philosopher William Paley wrote a paper entitled "Theory from Design." In the "design theory", Perry tried to prove the existence of superiority by developing a special theory called the teleological theory. The theoretical argument is an analogical argument based on the similarity between two different themes. In this article, we are intentionally defeating Perry's claim and trying to adopt the next method. Contact Us Discussion about the existence of God of William Perry and David Hume is called a theoretical argument or design theory. Discussion from design is an argument about the existence of God or some sort of creator based on thought of order or purpose in the universe. Hume took the way to oppose design arguments, and Paley defended it. Both Hume and Perry discuss very strongly, but in the end it will conclude to distinguish which philosopher has a stronger position. In Paley 's debate about the existence of God, "design argument", Paley tried to use his argument to prove that God is the sole designer and creator of the universe. He compares the universe with the watch and compares God with a clockmaker. In this discussion, Paley argues that the universe is quite complex and orderly so that only wise wisdom can design and create it. Paley believes that everything that shows design can be inferred that it is actually an intelligent design product. For example, if you look at your watch, you can confirm that it is designed in one of two ways. If a person checking the clock has experience using the watch earlier, it can be said that it is actually designed. If smart design marks are displayed on the watch, such as smooth surfaces and unique complex parts, you can guess the smart watch. essay.com/Paley vs. Hume This is an inductive argument about the origin and nature of God, religion, the universe. Paley vs. Hume This is an inductive argument about the origin and nature of God, religion, the universe.

From the beginning, the community suffers from problems caused by past human understanding. As a more sophisticated, principle belief in the existence of God during driving, to explain this confusion, the human form about their existence. Over time, excellent social, academic members have proposed several ideas of a unique understanding of complex topics like God. Students who have learned to endure the challenges of time and the theoretical explanation of these theories have been highly evaluated by this century's leading scholars. Discussion about the existence of God of William Perry and David Hume is called theoretical argumentation or design theory. Discussion from design is an argument about the existence of God and the existence of certain creator based on the idea of ​​order and purpose in the universe. Hume adopted a method against design argument, Paley defended it. Both Hume and Paley are making very strong claims, but we will reach the conclusion to distinguish which philosopher is taking a stronger position. God tried to use his argument to prove that God is the only designer of the Creator and the Universe with the Paley argument about the existence of "design argument". He looks at the universe and compares it with a clock maker to which God compares. In this discussion, Perry insisted that the universe designed and created it, only extremely great wisdom, very complex and orderly. Paley believed that everything would appear that the design can guess that it is actually an intelligent design product. If you look at the watch, for example, it is possible to decide one of the two method designs. If you had experience before people checked the watch to see, they can say that it is a good design. If the watch showed intelligent design marks, such as smooth surface or unique complex parts, you can guess some of the smart watches again Hume vs. essay.com/Paley This is the induction argument about origins and the nature of God, religion and the universe Hume vs. Paley This has arguments of induction about the origin and nature of God, religion and the universe St. Thomas Aquinas, who knows the existence of God, uses the argument argument as one of the five ways that William Paley's most quoted argument is. Perry likened the watch to the universe and many of the parts ordered adjustments to achieve several objectives. Watch complexity, meaning intelligent design as order and purpose, he means the complexity of the universe, and the purpose of order also means its intelligent design. As he suggested, he built its argument and is an analogy argument

"It is far from giving power to viewers, not to competitors - These [realistic] performance ultimately achieve social and nonhumanitarian behavior, so the smallest common divisible maximum possible outcome It will be "(Sexton). Timothy Sexton's strict comments on real television may be a bit extreme, but they are a widely acknowledged view that real television is a major failure of society as a whole and the society collapses (or it is so) It is based on. Although real television may not be the most useful form of entertainment, I believe that the transformation of social norms from idol worship to self-propagation will create a real environment. I left a reference line from elementary school that should be one of his most famous quotes: "Because I said impossible, I told you the wrong things in some respects We must do it. " That word defines Holmes and everything else that Doyle and Watson have given us. As the passage of time continues, Rand Al Thor becomes a dragon's regenerator. Canon did not promote Holmes into the body of God. In the Victorian era, such movements will be heresy. But Holmes is indeed far beyond his contemporaries in Scotland. He became the most famous detective in Europe. The government from France to the Netherlands asked him. The pope personally asked for help. We know that he has repeatedly supported the British throne and government. His reputation spreads widely, both authorities and individuals are appealing to him. In the detective, his achievement is almost like God. You may have heard the famous quote of the philosopher RenéDescartes: "I think, so I am." This is a famous quote that summarizes his argument to prove his existence. It seems wonderful, but thinking is not enough to prove or accomplish the purpose. Be sure to act. Any action. Please give me feedback immediately. After all, we are material creatures. While constantly evaluating how the environment functions, the meat and blood of the nervous system A famous proverb is "I think myself." David Hume, an experientist, wants to explain knowledge based on non-theology. Hume believes that there is no a priori concept and that our concept is not born, but an experience derived from ideas. He believes that these ideas can be divided into impressions and ideas. He believes that human beings learn through impressions, and if there is no impression, then there is nothing to think about. Unlike Descartes, Hume is everyone's view

Running Head: DESCARTES VS SPINOZA 1 Issue II: Relationship between Descartes and Spinoza's mind and body Nicole Yang 20502251 PHIL 384 July 23, 2014 DESCARTES VS SPINOZA 2 Introduction How do the two entities of different dimensions interact? Human thinking and unification of the body are persistent philosophical problems that have been sought since ancient Greece, and it is one of the main problems studied by Descartes and Spinoza. Descartes started this discourse at a rationalism school and Spinoza later answered his job. In this article, I compare contrast between Descartes and Spinoza 's views on human thought and physical relationship and keep Spinoza' s claim. Similarity Descartes and Spinoza have relatively little similarity between beliefs about physical and spiritual connections. The first point determines the epistemological independence of the mind and body. For Spinoza, the human body has extended attributes, human thought has attributes of thought and expression. Also, the mind and body may express the possibilities of reality in parallel, or the mind and body may be the same substance (substance) considered under different attributes. In the language Spinoza inherited from Descartes, the idea is an expression of ideas. This led to Spinoza's famous conclusion that the human heart is equivalent to the human mind. The parallelism of Spinoza also means that every change in the human body must accompany a change in human thought. "Everything that happens to the subject of thinking that constitutes human thought must be perceived by human thought, that is, if the object constitutes the human mind, the concept is the body, Nothing happens to the body that is not perceived in its mind (Part 2, Proposition 12).

"Skepticism" refers to the theory that we do not have knowledge, skepticism denies the existence of any reasonable beliefs. In this article we discuss the diversity of philosophical skepticism and explain various skeptical arguments and reactions to philosophical skepticism as well as Hume and Descartes. In this article we will also discuss various discussions and reasons for skepticism. Although skepticism and its discussions of various forms seem to be effective and theoretically justified, my position is against skepticism. The answer - apart from the doubt of the outside world - there is no philosophical debate on the realism of tropical fish, but it is an important philosophical challenge to scientific realism. The dimension of scientific realism understood as a philosophical position depends greatly on the reaction of scientific realists to these tasks. It is conceptually useful (and historically correct) to see the development of scientific realism as a response to four consecutive issues, as follows: "Skepticism" refers to the theory that we do not have knowledge, skepticism denies the existence of any reasonable beliefs. In this article we discuss the diversity of philosophical skepticism and explain various skeptical arguments and reactions to philosophical skepticism as well as Hume and Descartes. In this article we will also discuss various discussions and reasons for skepticism. Although skepticism and its discussions of various forms seem to be effective and theoretically justified, my position is against skepticism. It is easy to challenge the demands of knowledge by explicitly asking "How do you know", but this is not enough to prove that skepticism is an important position. Like other philosophical positions, skepticism must be supported by discussion. There are many arguments for defending skepticism and many answers have been provided for these discussions. Here we consider the two most prominent arguments that support skepticism about the outside world. In his first meditation, Rene Descartes proposed a debate that supported skepticism, then he tried to counter the later meditation. Discussion points out that some of our views are inaccurate. Our senses can deceive us; we sometimes mistake our dreams as calm experiences, the devils systematically deceive us.

Running Head: DESCARTES VS SPINOZA 1 Issue II: Relationship between Descartes and Spinoza's mind and body Nicole Yang 20502251 PHIL 384 July 23, 2014 DESCARTES VS SPINOZA 2 Introduction How do the two entities of different dimensions interact? Human thinking and unification of the body are persistent philosophical problems that have been sought since ancient Greece, and it is one of the main problems studied by Descartes and Spinoza. Descartes started this discourse at a rationalism school and Spinoza later answered his job. In this article, I compare contrast between Descartes and Spinoza 's views on human thought and physical relationship and keep Spinoza' s claim. Similarity Descartes and Spinoza have relatively little similarity between beliefs about physical and spiritual connections. The first point determines the epistemological independence of the mind and body. For Spinoza, the human body has extended attributes, human thought has attributes of thought and expression. Also, the mind and body may express the possibilities of reality in parallel, or the mind and body may be the same substance (substance) considered under different attributes. In the language Spinoza inherited from Descartes, the idea is an expression of ideas. This led to Spinoza's famous conclusion that the human heart is equivalent to the human mind. The parallelism of Spinoza also means that every change in the human body must accompany a change in human thought. "Everything that happens to the subject of thinking that constitutes human thought must be perceived by human thought, that is, if the object constitutes the human mind, the concept is the body, Nothing happens to the body that is not perceived in its mind (Part 2, Proposition 12).

This article presents two different perspectives on the subject of design theory. In particular, I will explain the support to William Paley's design controversy and support for Bertrand Russell's design controversy. After introducing different perspectives, I appreciate the discussion to prove that William Paley is debating stronger. There are several forms of design discussion. The general form of design theory begins with the basic idea that part of the universe is such as to indicate that they are designed and have purpose. In the 1800s, British philosophy and moral philosopher William Paley wrote a paper entitled "Theory from Design." In the "design theory", Perry tried to prove the existence of superiority by developing a special theory called the teleological theory. The theoretical argument is an analogical argument based on the similarity between two different themes. In this article, we are intentionally defeating Perry's claim and trying to adopt the next method. Contact Us Discussion about the existence of God of William Perry and David Hume is called a theoretical argument or design theory. Discussion from design is an argument about the existence of God or some sort of creator based on thought of order or purpose in the universe. Hume took the way to oppose design arguments, and Paley defended it. Both Hume and Perry discuss very strongly, but in the end it will conclude to distinguish which philosopher has a stronger position. In Paley 's debate about the existence of God, "design argument", Paley tried to use his argument to prove that God is the sole designer and creator of the universe. He compares the universe with the watch and compares God with a clockmaker. In this discussion, Paley argues that the universe is quite complex and orderly so that only wise wisdom can design and create it. Paley believes that everything that shows design can be inferred that it is actually an intelligent design product. For example, if you look at your watch, you can confirm that it is designed in one of two ways. If a person checking the clock has experience using the watch earlier, it can be said that it is actually designed. If smart design marks are displayed on the watch, such as smooth surfaces and unique complex parts, you can guess the smart watch. essay.com/Paley vs. Hume This is an inductive argument about the origin and nature of God, religion, the universe. Paley vs. Hume This is an inductive argument about the origin and nature of God, religion, the universe.

As I learned through course studies and lectures, due to my prejudice against Anselm 's ontological debate. I hope that Descartes aside these prejudices, present two articles on his "first meditation" to explore the two aspects of the discussion and try to reach independent conclusions. However, I would like to get the same conclusion as before - that is, ontological arguments can be argued based on fundamental differences between concepts of existence in our minds and concepts of reality I can do it. The ontological debate was first criticized by Gaunilo of Modern Marmoutiers of Canterbury Anselm. He believes that ontological arguments can be used to prove the existence of something using full island analogies. This discussion was also criticized by famous Catholic philosophers Thomas Aquinas, David Hume and Emmanuel Kant. In order to correctly understand ontological arguments, it is necessary to identify the meaning of philosophers when talking about 'possible world'. "Possible world" may refer to facts contrary to facts. For those in "a possible world", it simply means that its existence is logically possible. Perhaps the most complicated and challenging argument for the existence of God is an ontological argument proposed by Anselm of Canterbury. According to Anselm, God exists in God with the most perfect concept of existence - the existence which can not be imagined - because there are essentially perfect and nonexistent beings as large as existence. Everything is perfect, no one exists. This discussion has a lasting influence on philosophers; some believe it will try to 'define' the existence of God while others keep it and continue developing a new version I will. Ontological arguments are transcendental arguments. These arguments try to prove the existence of God from the meaning of the word God. Anselm of Canterbury introduced an ontological argument to his work 'Proslogion'. The classic argument of Anselm is based on two principles, the most important of which are St. Anselm and Rene de Carte of the above Canterbury. If he does not exist you can still think of a larger being (as you said that there is no God other than this existence). Presence must be one of the attributes of God. Because by removing it it is still possible for you to understand the bigger god (the god that exists). The most common problem with this discussion is that it only seems to enumerate the existence of God's attributes and does not seem to indicate it. This argument seems to indicate that any fact you can imagine should be true.

The category of Aristotle's things is called "ambiguous" and they have common names, but the definition corresponding to the name is different. Therefore, the actual male and the person in the picture can be called "animals", but they have common names, but because the definition corresponding to the name is different, they are all arbitrary names . His definition in the case applies only to that situation, in the sense that everyone should define each animal as an animal. Aristotle's classification is a very important philosophical study. Not only is it the pillar of Aristotle's own philosophical theory, it has unparalleled influence on the systems of many great philosophers in the Western tradition. A series of doctrines in this category, which I call classificationism, provides a framework of Aristotle's various philosophical studies, from Aristotle's physics to time theory to metaphysics and even discussions from expansion. He refused Platonic moral philosophy in his ethics at Nikoma. Beyond his own work, Aristotle's taxonomy brought something like primitive man, porphyry, Aquinas, Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz, Rock, Berkeley, Hume, Kant, Higg. The attention of various philosophers such as Brentano and Heidegger differently accepts, defends, modifies and rejects their central debate. It seems strange to quote Aquinas in articles about Aristotle's category, but I do it for two reasons. First, as Ackrill and Furth commented, Aristotle's plan was severely criticized by scholars and philosophers. But Aquinas' comments on quality shows that a truly talented translator - indeed Aristotle's interpreter is not as big as Aquinas - can satisfy many criticisms. Secondly, and more importantly, Aquinas' attention to quality category suggests its deep historical importance in one of the most important facts of the Aristotle category, ie metaphysical speculative development . In this respect, it can be compared with metaphysical 20th century quantifiers. It is difficult to imagine the analytical metaphysics of the 20th century, regardless of whether the quantifier has the final philosophical significance.

Difference between primary quality and secondary quality. Locke thinks the main difference between the two simple ideas we got from emotion. Some of the ideas we received were similar to those of the world, but others were not. The idea similar to its cause is the concept of primary quality, ie hardness, extensibility, image, movement, and quantity. What is not similar to the cause is the idea of ​​secondary quality of color, sound, taste, texture, and smell. The country of Lockerbie has a real world that transcends our understanding. John Rock is one of Great Britain's great philosophers and is widely regarded as a leader in the field of epistemology, metaphysics and political philosophy. He also made an important contribution to education, theology, medicine, physics, economics, political science. Locke's empiricistic epistemology (he is the founder of empirical knowledge theory) influenced Berkeley, Hume, and subsequent empiricism. In 1689, he announced "two political theories of government philosophy" anonymously. The first paper attacked the concept of the absolute power of the monarchy (patriarch system), the second the paper summarized Rock's views on orderly society, harmonizing civil liberties and political order. John Rock and John Stuart Mill's Freedom Definition John Rock thinks that humans should have more freedom in political society than John Stuart Mir. John Roc's "Second Paper of Government" and John Stuart Mill's "Freedom of Expression" outlines the conceptual framework of ideal nations of each thinker, but influential and powerful literature It is a work. Two different views on human nature and its freedom are proposed. About how John Locke and John Stuart Mill take different views John Rock (1632-1704) was the first person in the classic English classics. These philosophers are skeptical of rationalistic metaphysics, in particular abuse of speculation, epistemology based on congenital concepts. Explain all natural knowledge of human knowledge without reference, and his theory is simpler and better than Descartes' theory. - To live in society based on the social contract we signed, the government and artificial law is definitely a strong defender of the treaty itself. They will benefit the citizens and protect the country's safety. Nonetheless, they should not be the only reasons for justice, it should not be a precondition for justice.

Morality has played an important role that is not always recognized in defining ethics. Principles are often virtues that apply only to society and can be distinguished from law, religion, or morality. Morals in a definite sense may differ from each other, depending on the foundation of the society that asserts that morality. Different societies have different understanding of the meaning of moral priorities. When others concentrate on practice, their ethics can be based on purity and honesty. Many philosophers encourage morality. Because it usually prevents and avoids harm to the society that forms a particular group. The most interesting ethical concepts appear in the question of whether to show more. Due to our human nature, we have certain moral obligations - painful or happy experiences, our family restrictions, or these approvals or disapprovals. In a survey of his moral principle, Hume said: "The end of all moral speculation is to teach ourselves our own responsibilities, and through the proper expression of bad habits and virtues, Let's avoid us and hold one more hug. "(Hume, p. 177). Philosophers are not trying to imagine human rationality and scientific behavior like Descartes but are trying to explain human facts. He compiled these facts into a very general principle even if it was small. By doing so, he found reasons why people approve or oppose some moral behavior. Hume's philosophy as a whole is based on verification of humanity. And his knowledge from sensory experience and exam. Hume believes knowledge comes from experience and observation, even in physical or mathematical competitions. But moral judgment depends on passion and emotion to define approval and disapproval. Hume has a fairly positive and natural view of the moral judgment in Hume's theory, that is, moral sentiment. Approval and disapproval must be tied together by feelings and emotions. If morality comes from emotion, There are many definitions of the essence of philosophical exploration of morals and ethics. Moral or moral philosophy is the quest for the morally valuable and ordered nature of behavior, that is, the nature of how human behavior should be. What is this (moral condemnation) coming from? Morally speaking, the most basic question sounds like "What is the ultimate benefit for us to fight?" "Why do you choose this behavior instead of others?" This moral dilemma? "Should not morally do good behavior and should not take morally correct action?" "Finally" Why do we act ethically? "Or" Why do we want morality? " Ethics, also known as moral philosophy, is a field of philosophy focused on research on correct questions, false questions and how we should live. Morals include making moral decisions about right or wrong, good or bad. Whether it is true or wrong is the quality or moral judgment we give to our behavior. Ethical research has three areas of meta ethics including methods, language, logical structure, and reasoning to explain ethical terms. Moral or moral philosophical research can describe the theory of whether it is right or wrong systematically. Moral philosophy is usually divided into three categories: meta ethics, applied ethics, normative ethics. Meta - ethics studies our moral values ​​of where languages ​​and principles came from, and what they mean. And provide a practical solution to ethical problems. Normative ethics studies ethical standards that influence legitimacy and fraud. The theory of normative ethics includes utilitarianism, consequentialism, contractileism, virtue ethics, and so on.

The 17th century was the beginning of the era of scientific progress known as the scientific revolution in Europe. It is this stage that use of reason and new progress of science brought about a paradigm shift. Paradigm shift is a change in the basic assumption (example) arising from discovering new information that is no longer compatible with existing paradigms and forcing them to change the framework of thought to accommodate new hypotheses . With the development of ideas such as Francis Bacon (1561-1627), the scientific community has undergone a major change. British philosopher and politician Bacon abandoned classical deductive methods of natural understanding from Aristotle but instead adopted experimental induction method. He rejects traditional authority and provides "experiments and induction methods that seem to provide absolutely reliable means to distinguish truth from mistakes". {4} Science was anxious to find it that later became a source of Western trust. For example, the invention of the telescope has resulted in the destruction of Aristotle's cosmology. There, the earth and man himself were central. Aristotle teaches that the universe is a series of concentric spheres, one outside the other. Historian James Turner said: "Copernicus and his successor broke the world. Between 1500 and 1700, the way people in Europe understand and understand the world has changed dramatically and dramatically. Through the work of thinkers such as Francis Bacon, Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, Rene Descartes, Isaac Newton etc., the Western world experienced the scientific revolution. It shifted from a world view dominated by church and Christian theology and ethics to a mechanically-like material world of inanimate controlled by the power of nature and precise mathematical rules (Capra and Luisi, 2014a). Hume is an avid believer in the scientific method advocated by Francis Bacon, Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) and Sir Isaac Newton (1643-1727). However, applying the induction problem to science shows that all science is actually based on logical error. The so-called induction error points out that even if something has happened in the past, even if it occurs frequently, it can not be assumed to happen again. But this is the basis of the scientific method and Hume is forced to draw conclusions and it seems insufficient that the scientific method appears to be effective even if delay is applied.

Human understanding In the history of human understanding, I can not think of a person who can learn from a single point of view of philosophy. To compare and contrast their ideas, I am very pleased that there are two philosophers in this class. The subject of human understanding is the various ideas to be discussed, but these ideas can be very complicated. Two philosophers, René Descartes and David Hume, took up the task of discussing human understanding and making them conditions that allow people to better understand. The responsibility of human understanding is to understand what something can not understand and what they are. In addition to understanding, if you need to care about understanding at the same time, you only need to make public opinion. On the other hand, understanding, contemplation is also a gift from God. What should people do and what they do not use it? A person uses it in fear and trembling rather than for his own interests but if it uses it in fear and tremor to fulfill the truth it is still in the eternal meaning of God Believe in him if you believe it is a matter of decision, and obey it unconditionally. This is not a fear of God, but to serve God in a different way, but more enthusiastically, in a reflexive manner than spontaneous people. "For me as a historian, religion is an indispensable feature for human experience, human society, and human lifestyle.In my opinion, understanding religion is essential for understanding human beings Religion is almost everything - history has played a major role - American Revolutionary War, Civil War, Black Slavery, Abolitionism, all of these things. "I am an atheist who is a religious person. I live in their world, but I am not part of that. I live in the world Puritan believed that God reserved this fallen beautiful world. I live in a world where Joseph Smith can find gold plates and angels to visit you. I live in a world where a man rises from the death and miracles appear. This is a world of fun filled life, but if you do not believe it, it is also the world of aliens. Many scholars today believe that human nature has spontaneous goodness. They do not know what human nature is. They do not understand - how can you solve your problem if you do not understand? Joseph Conrad knows that we need to change our minds. But he does not know how to change. Conrad said "The fundamental change in the mind is a strange belief that it should follow after the decline of a certain human system.These people think that it is only a name change that they can produce I can not understand. "In other words, the surface appearance can be changed, but the core value will not be changed. We do not change it because we do not understand it - so human suffering continues

Edgar Malroy will be regarded as the hero of the reader of Skepticism Inc. Edgar receives money from a wealthy church and hands it to the poor. This Robin Hood image makes Edgar various champions. And the reader will eventually protect him through the story. On the surface, the means to take Edgar's money is legal. However, bets never win, and better emotions will affect their ability to make decisions. If there is no clear result, a person can accept a bet by betting on conscience. Before we begin talking about it, this means that we first let you define the history of skepticism and skepticism. Skepticism is a position that philosophers can take and is a measure of doubt to avoid the ultimate truth. Skepticism and Pyronik skepticism are ideas conceived by Ellis Pillow in about 330 B.C. Michael Phillips Professor of Philosophy at Portland State University points out that there is a need to doubt the existence of tangible objects such as food in an article that "skepticism is ridiculous." Basically it is hypocritical to use doubts on something's reality. The biggest skeptics like history such as David Hume, Descartes and Bertrand Russell are puzzled by this funny puzzle. Some philosophers argue that it is possible to accept the tangible world, but they continue to cast doubt on the moral and theoretical parts of life. This question makes us face fundamental skepticism. I will also explain the possibility that it is not very radical but potentially hindered, and the skepticism that is not so skeptical yet. Is there any knowledge of the physical world? Is there scientific knowledge? Is there any knowledge about moral truth? Do not you know the future? It is like this. Let's look at one of them now. This is one of the most famous non-radical skeptics in the world of philosophy - I doubt the knowledge of the outside world. (This is skeptical, in order to deny what most people are accepting, skeptical denial in this sense is amazing.)

Coincidence of Malebranche: Philosophical summary of the Garden of Eden: According to Malebranche, Adam should be considered a coincidence philosopher. Philosophy not only derives from heaven, it was actually derived from the occultism of Malebranche. This is to be able to adhere to his contingent belief that Adam was given the special ability to his body, the ability to separate the main part of the brain (position of the soul) from others. Body In the history of philosophy there are at least two answers to this question. Nicholas Malebranche invented an unexpected situation, which is why God is alone in all events. Therefore, God 's involvement allows past events to cause future events. Therefore, past and future events are related as God makes it show this way. However, the unexpected situation has been criticized by the poor God's achievement and its power. In contrast, Gottfried Leibniz devised a pre-established harmony theory to explain the progress of events in the world. God is again the only reason for all events, but God has only one intervention to determine the course of all future events. The pre-established harmony theory is similar to the situation someone arranges thousands of Domino in some way. Until the emergence of humanism in the Renaissance, medieval philosophy was dominated by academicism. Modern philosophy began in France in the 17th century and its philosophy was Rene de Carte, Blaze Pascal and Nicolas Marebranche. Descartes revived the Western philosophy, which was rejected after the Greek and Roman era. His idea about the first philosophy changed the main purpose of philosophical thought and raised some basic questions for foreigners such as Spinoza, Leibniz, Hume, Berkeley and Kant. Many philosophers still stand out from the classical tradition and regard their philosophy as a way of life. The most noteworthy of these are René Descartes, Baruch Spinoza, Nicolas Malebranche and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. With the rise of the university, the concept of modern philosophy became more prominent. Many respected philosophers since the 18th century have participated in university, teaching and developing their work. Early examples include Immanuel Kant, Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel.

For many political theorists and thinkers, the concept of labor and property is essential to the development of the government and the state, and is therefore a very important aspect of human life. For some authors, the development of property is the direct result of the labor force, and the government has been established to secure the property rights of people possessing property. Some people think that property and labor are fundamental or natural links of human life, but others think that this is just a social custom. Every thinker has a different view on how to acquire property and restrictions on access to property. Two-sided coins: Thomas Hobbs vs. John Locke always has two aspects, including people and government, like science and belief. Thomas Hobbes and John Rock give the opposite impression of people, society, and government, but they are all British. Hobbes was born on April 5, 1588 and died on December 4, 1679; he is known for his work in political philosophy today. John Rock died on 29 August 1632 and died on 28 October Hobbes, Rock John Rock and Thomas Hobbes are famous political theorists of other eras. Hobbes who was born 40 years before the birth of rock has a totally different view from rock and both will do more research through this article. Many theories were different in the 16th century, but the rise of the state and the decline of the feudal system caused an authority problem, so the Hobbes and Rock theory got closer. - Why John Rock was the best philosopher ever in history John Rock was a British philosopher and doctor who lived between 29 August 1632 and 28 October 1704. He is one of the most outstanding enlightenment thinkers, and he explains many ideas that will affect humanity. Live in society today. He emphasizes human freedom and limits the authority of the government, so he is widely known as the father of classical liberalism (18). John Locke is a British philosopher and one of the most influential Enlightenment thinkers. Locke first asked questions about Descartes' Cogito Ergo Sum philosophy. Locke has an empirical belief that it ignores the concept of congenital concepts and promotes the role of human perception and experience. Locke got inspiration from Occam's razor to explain knowledge and shows that everyone means starting with a whiteboard, meaning a blank state. A blank slate argument may be considered

Introduction Through analysis of Hagenmas' research, the following argument is intended to provide an understanding of his argument about the theory of crisis tendency. Jorgen states that the concept of traditional Marxist crisis trends is outdated and no longer relevant in capitalist society (Heath, J, 2011). Jürgen Habermas has studied obstacles to the development of contemporary Western society. I believe that he is caused by the tension of the crisis. In this paper, I analyzed the problem of legitimacy faced by contemporary countries, using concepts derived from his research. (1) The dominant position of modern science in modern bureaucratic organizations and cultures, emphasizing that experimental experimentation is the basis of all effective knowledge and hence positivism. This led to a long-term legalization crisis in academic philosophy: How do Plato, Descartes, Hume and Nietzsche win the support of natural scientists? (2) This is in parallel with philosophical bureaucracy in large academic institutions, which can be either private funds, American, or public funds such as Canada. In both cases, universities and universities are being forced to study and teach things from an economic point of view. This is a paper by JF Lyotard on the present situation of postmoderns in the university, and more and more research will be expected as "performance". The crisis of humanity - the crisis of legalization, the crisis of public reasons - has become a crisis of the whole higher education now in the 20th decade of the 2000s and faces the structural crisis of the national fund . For public universities, the outlook is dark: the National Fund is depleted and there is no prospect of replenishment. California tuition fee increased by 32% in 2009. In 2010, SUNY-Albany closed French, Italian, Russian, classical and drama courses. And it gained the attention of the new world order from the coast to the coast. However, each state hides a deeper problem. These funds are not enough to complete the task from the beginning, but we miss when leaving these funds - and that quarter will not try Keynesianism again. Trump elections caused a primary legalization crisis, and most Americans opposed to him had two reliable political assembly points: the Sanders movement and former president and his small circle. Our hopes and energy should be invested in the first one, but it is foolish to underestimate the second one. Mr. Obama did not succeed because Hillary fell to hell. As the only world class politician who left for the United States, he will become stronger, especially because his presidential election has become nostalgic. (Most people forget to forget that they banished 2.5 million immigrants while forgiving Wall Street, starting with the 2010 Democratic defeat, with the president's signature.

The phrase "philosophy" is derived from the two roots of "philosophy" and "Sophia." Philo means love, Sofia means wisdom. Therefore, philosophy means love for wisdom. In fact, philosophy requires investigation, pursuit and quest of wisdom. Many great philosophers call philosophy an art of thought. Other people simply define it as a systematic study of human emotions and thoughts. It is worth noting that many fields that have been philosophical so far have been separated into independent fields. Ancient Western philosophy is generally divided into three periods. Initially, all the thoughters before Socrates were called PreSocratics, the second period covered the life of Socrates, Plato and Aristotle, and the last period encompassed various developments of philosophy including Stow. Ge School, Epicurean School, Skeptics, Neopra Tonics, Aristotle School. The end of ancient philosophy meant that Christianity had spread in the sixth century, but Socrates before the Greek philosopher was called the former Socratic philosopher or the former Socratic philosopher. They were the first Western philosophers to become active in the 5th and 6th centuries BC. In ancient Greece. These philosophers are able to consistently and comprehensively describe all the natural phenomena and events in human life without resorting to myths of the original principle (arkhöh; ἀρχή; origin or Try to discover the starting point). The phrase "modern philosophy" is a philosophical terminology that refers to a specific period in the history of Western philosophy (ie the philosophy of the 20th century and the 21st century). However, this expression is often compared with modern philosophy (pointing to the early stages of Western philosophy), post modern philosophy (which refers to the criticism of continental philosophers against modern philosophy), and non - technical use of phrases. Recent philosophical work The modern age was a very innovative era in Western philosophy. New spiritual and material theory, new concept of God, new political philosophy, and civil society theory are proposed. This period was from the end of the 15th century to the end of the 18th century (about 1500-1800). Books published by philosophers such as Descartes, Rock, Hume, Spinoza, Leibniz, and Kant will form an understanding of our modern philosophy. The early modern philosophical roots can be traced back to the 1200s - maturity and speculation of academic tradition. The philosophy of Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274), Occam (1288-1348) and Brydan (1300-1358) emphasizes the ability of human rationality. With such abilities, we can fully understand secular and sacred things.

Descartes believes that only unquestionable propositions can be regarded as knowledge. Do you agree? Do we know that something has no doubt? Description What is the reason why locks refuse to accept the concept of innate concepts? According to Locke, what is the difference between primary quality and secondary quality? Why is Hume skeptical about metaphysical problems? Why is the principle of induction not being justified or being justified first? If the principle of induction can not be proved, does it mean that we can not believe the discovery of science? why? As Descartes said, do you think that we can understand some of the facts of the world without feeling? why? Do you think John Rock's theory is more reasonable than the theory of Descartes? Description Below is a series of learning guidance questions to help prepare the examination papers. When considering possible answers to these questions, pay particular attention to creating clear, interesting, and debatable paper sentences. For more information on paper presentation and some examples, see Writing job recruitment. 1. How do various anthropologists define cultural concepts? What are the pros and cons of each definition? How should anthropologists in the 21st century define and study culture? Discuss the following three tasks: Marinovski / Rappa Port, Mead, Farmer, Gates, Steedley / Abrugo, Wilk / Watson, Ravinov It is useful to consider the statement of the paper as an answer by the author to the question of the paper. Please compare the paper presentation on page 5 of paper paper problem. The paper statement provides a basic answer to the question, and the remainder of this article will support this answer in more detail. One of the growing trends in the world against this lifestyle is the "Low Life" campaign. It is trying to regain a simpler and more balanced lifestyle based on the tradition of food and diet. With the slow life campaign, more and more people are eating more healthy foods, they prefer local imported foods, and the demand for organic cultivated crops and natural cultivated crops is increasing. For each of the following questions, please judge whether it matches the definitions of valid questions. If the paper question matches the definition, "Yes", if it does not match the definition, mark it "No". If the problem does not match the definition of a valid essay question, please rebuild the question to be consistent and fill in the answer in the space below the original question. Use the answer in Appendix A (page 42) to check your answer. What are the main advantages and limitations of the sample? Paper question? Example B Given its strengths and weaknesses, should paper questions be used to evaluate students' ability to create solutions to problems? In answering this question, please briefly explain the main advantages and limitations of this paper. Explain clearly whether or not you think you should use the question of the paper and explain the reason for the judgment

I discussed the philosophical significance of Kant's great cosmology in 1755 as "the natural history of the universe". I will discuss how Kant 's interest in Newton' s space powers led to confirm the special version of physics influx theory. Kant's guess about living on other planets as it points out that the important feature of Kant's physics influx theory, the 'flexible movement of the body' is a necessary condition for the possibilities of knowledge It is very important. In general, Kant believes that if it can recognize a deductive principle that the knowledge system can "present intuitively" (4: 471) with a mathematical description, it can only count as science in a truly meaning It is. Therefore, Kant is pessimistic about the possibility that empirical psychology is equivalent to true science. Kant thought that "chemistry is merely systematic art or experimental doctrine, not an appropriate science" (4: 471). Kant's interest in physics theory began very soon. His first work, "A Consideration on the Real Estimation of Vigor" (1749) is the exploration of some basic problems in physics, and it is about how to go about between Leibniz and Descartes Enter "visualization". "(" Energetic ") argument. Quantify the power to move objects (in most cases Kant supports Leibniz) Kant began to investigate purely "transcendental" reasons by establishing his criticisms. He said that there is a boundary and contents. He began looking for restrictions on internal and external content. Kant studied three knowledge systems, mathematics, physical science, metaphysics. Kant said that science must be necessary and universal. This makes mathematics and science reasonable. Kant first broke down judgment into two types of knowledge: analysis and integration. In Prolegomena, Kant criticizes Hume as a mathematical judgment. If he realized this Before Kant, all previous knowledge was thought to have to be analytical. However, Kant believes our mathematical knowledge, the first principles of natural science and metaphysics are a priori and inclusive. Kant believes that the unique nature of this knowledge needs to be urgently explained. Therefore, the core question of criticism is to answer this question: "How is it possible to synthesize a priori judgment?"

Influence of George Berkeley George Berkeley (1685-1753) is a pastoralist and a philosopher of Ireland at Trinity College, Ireland, where he completed a famous work on unimportant importance (believe everything) They are all substance recognition and exist only if perceived. Coleridge himself acknowledged the influence of Berkeley on his work, especially his poem "This Lime Tree Pavilion" and wrote a letter to Robert Sauce in July 1797. The first poem is accompanied by the following comment: "You remember, I am a Berklein." We can see the impact of Berkeley. George Berkeley is one of the three most famous British experiences. (The other two are John Locke and David Hume.) Berkeley presented his early visual work (an article on new visual theory, 1709) and metaphysics (a paper on the principle of human knowledge, 1710; between Hilas and Filonas Dialog, 1713). Berkeley 's empirical vision theory challenges the current distance vision standards, which argues that it requires implicit geometric calculations. His alternative account focuses on visual and tactile objects. Berkeley believes that visual recognition of distance is explained by the interrelationship between vision and tactility. This association method eliminates the attractiveness of geometric computation and explains the illusion of monocular view and moon that plagued the geometric explanation. I will calculate. Berkeley's 1709 publication only shows the beginning of the extreme idealistic view advocated by George Berkeley. Although Berkeley's view seemed unlikely at first at first, the idealistic theory he claimed was the only theory to avoid skepticism and dictatorship, it is difficult to give up, and ultimately the real meaning It was logical. Four years after publishing "Transfer of a thesis to a new visual theory", Berkeley revealed the most important philosophical work among his careers. Bishop of the 18th century philosopher George Berkeley showed a similar view in his idealistic theory. Berkeley said that the reality is equivalent to a psychological image - our spiritual image is not the copies of other material reality, but the reality itself. But Berkeley has a distinct difference between the image that he believes to make up the outside world and the image of personal imagination. According to Berkeley, in the modern sense only the latter is considered a "psychological image". Soon after Descartes came to George Berkeley. Berkeley accused the view of the realist. For Berkeley, the presence of important things (like trees) is meaningless. Presence can come to us only through thinking (not a physical experience), thinking must exist in assimilation of thought. The material purpose is deceiving, its essence is not meat, it is the ability to change importance. If the idea is not assimilated into thinking, it does not exist. Therefore, he recognized the Latin phrase esse percepi:.

Great theorists and philosophers of knowledge networks such as Stoic Sc ​​hool, Skeptics, Aristotle, St. Thomas Aquinas, Descartes, Spinoza, Locke, Hume, Berkeley, Kant, Burt. Lan Russell, Darwin, Freud, and all the science of the 20th century are all working hard on being a matter of knowledge. Do you have knowledge? "Knowing" and "knowledge" are powerful concepts Before receiving text and criticism, I think it is natural that I know what knowledge is. Then, I have a simple question. After reading "American scholars", I remembered that the class was asked "What is the relationship between nature and knowledge?" There is no answer. A consumer-centered knowledge network is a knowledge network that focuses on the knowledge consumers are interested in and controlled by consumers. There must be a very gray portion between all knowledge and consumer-centered knowledge, but knowledge-oriented processes, including consumer interests, are important. The Consumer Knowledge Network is a platform for consumer-centered knowledge-based applications. One of the ongoing discussions is knowledge gathering through knowledge mining (knowledge of mining) and clearly constructed knowledge. Specifically, we wait to convert to an explicit knowledge structure expressed as a semantic web, or automatically generate enough knowledge structures by text mining, data mining, and even knowledge mining ? Consumer-centric knowledge network - Consumer application vision for software agent technology - Implementation of consumer-centered knowledge-based computing The knowledge network is part of the semantic web and focuses on knowledge. A knowledge network is not just a collection of static coding knowledge. Always knowledge is constantly being created through active processes and services. Software agents play an important role in supporting the generation of knowledge networks and new knowledge. Knowledge networks are not just information repositories, they should be viewed as platforms for knowledge - based applications. Consumer-centric knowledge network - Consumer application vision for software agent technology - Implementation of consumer-centered knowledge-based computing Consumer networks are part of a network that focuses on consumer interests compared to consumer networks and consumer knowledge networks become part of the semantic web or knowledge network that focuses on consumer interests Let's see. The consumer web is driven by user navigation, but the consumer knowledge web is driven by the activities of software agents representing consumers. In order to emphasize the center of software agent technology in achieving vision, the assumed network should really be called a consumer / agent knowledge network. Not only is a software agent used for implementation, but each consumer is a consumer / agent knowledge Web as a partnership in which software agents working on behalf of consumers are essentially part of the minds of consumers It is necessary to conceptualize. Consumer-centric knowledge network - Consumer application vision for software agent technology - Implementation of consumer-centered knowledge-based computing

Abortion is a very controversial matter. As people began to hear about abortion, people had their own opinion. I am a professional life. If you put yourself in this position, I think that you should deal with these effects. Why does an innocent child have to devote life to the other two mistakes? Do not risk if you are not ready to take responsibility I think that abortion is murder. I think you will bring out life from something that is worthy of adventure. The second thing the sperm and the egg meet are opportunities for life and after that it should be treated as a living child. Someone asked a question on the website www.standupgirl.com: "Does a sick child slowly die, live the life of his life, and put a burden on his family?" Webmaster answered It was. "Ethics" Should we eliminate pain and burden? Some of them are miserable and moving. Land did not change the way of abortion - to kill people. "The sentence is exactly the same as what I believe, basically saying you do not know the child's potential.Do you know Down's syndrome or perfectly healthy? Abortion is in the future All the opportunities and all for the kids will be killed, whether it is birth defects, death or success All kids should have a chance Why are these babies different? All they deserve Abortion is said to be legalized to prevent child abuse.This is a decision in the case of Roe vs. Wade legitimizing the death of a child is helpful for child abuse There are no valuable help for abuse of children.167,000 child abuse and abandoned abortion was reported in 1973, 785,100 cases were reported in 1980 and 22.855 in 1987 One thousand people were reported Therefore, the overall inference to legalize abortion has not been successful All abortion is really a free mother, and if you can only call her her mother, I will take all responsibility. If you are responsible for maturing enough, making decisions and taking risks, you can go back to all of these, and you should mature enough to accept the results. I'm selfish I also live. I think abortion is immorality, immorality, and finally murder. I do not want to live in a world where I can kill your child or even have the opportunity to live in this world. The important thing is that even if you have to take risks and prepare for the outcome, you should not run away even if the situation gets tough. Ethics is defined as a study of the moral value of human behavior. (Www.philosophyclass.com/ethics). Morality is a field of philosophy that uses philosophical methods rather than religious methods. This is not the belief of religious figures used to develop the moral position but the application of human reasoning for moral problems. Epistemology is an effective form of knowledge study. It comes from the Greek "epistem" meaning knowledge. (Www.philosophyclass.com/epistemology). Descartes is believed to be the first philosopher to seriously address epistemology. The relevance of knowledge is considered more or less obvious by previous philosophers. The classification of traditional philosophy is ethics, logic, epistemology (knowledge), metaphysics, and philosophical history. We will explain the above morals as the most common research should do. Logic is a study of effective discussion, therefore methodological study. Epistemology is a study of knowledge and related problems. Metaphysics is a general category of other philosophies, but includes research on the most common level and nature of ontologies, ie events, objects, abstractions, concrete, universal, special, etc. , Events, possibilities etc. Also included are studies on various sub-disciplines such as identity, truth, causality, general and concepts such as space and time, necessity and possibility, and linguistic philosophy and spiritual philosophy.