The Paradigm Shift Caused by Francis Bacon

The 17th century was the beginning of the era of scientific progress known as the scientific revolution in Europe. It is this stage that use of reason and new progress of science brought about a paradigm shift. Paradigm shift is a change in the basic assumption (example) arising from discovering new information that is no longer compatible with existing paradigms and forcing them to change the framework of thought to accommodate new hypotheses .

With the development of ideas such as Francis Bacon (1561-1627), the scientific community has undergone a major change. British philosopher and politician Bacon abandoned classical deductive methods of natural understanding from Aristotle but instead adopted experimental induction method. He rejects traditional authority and provides "experiments and induction methods that seem to provide absolutely reliable means to distinguish truth from mistakes". {4} Science was anxious to find it that later became a source of Western trust. For example, the invention of the telescope has resulted in the destruction of Aristotle's cosmology. There, the earth and man himself were central. Aristotle teaches that the universe is a series of concentric spheres, one outside the other. Historian James Turner said: "Copernicus and his successor broke the world.

Between 1500 and 1700, the way people in Europe understand and understand the world has changed dramatically and dramatically. Through the work of thinkers such as Francis Bacon, Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, Rene Descartes, Isaac Newton etc., the Western world experienced the scientific revolution. It shifted from a world view dominated by church and Christian theology and ethics to a mechanically-like material world of inanimate controlled by the power of nature and precise mathematical rules (Capra and Luisi, 2014a).

Hume is an avid believer in the scientific method advocated by Francis Bacon, Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) and Sir Isaac Newton (1643-1727). However, applying the induction problem to science shows that all science is actually based on logical error. The so-called induction error points out that even if something has happened in the past, even if it occurs frequently, it can not be assumed to happen again. But this is the basis of the scientific method and Hume is forced to draw conclusions and it seems insufficient that the scientific method appears to be effective even if delay is applied.