Worldcom scandal content Important elements of Worldcom ....................................... ............................... Global com's corporate governance problem ... ... ... ........................................... ... ... 4 UK Corporate Governance ............................................. ... ... ......................... 5, 6 Conclusion ... ....................... ... ... ........................................ 6 ... .... .................................... ... ... ... .................... In the 1990s, the company executed other telecommunications companies. Due to a series of acquisitions, the reported income increased from $ 154 million in 1990 to $ 39.2 billion in 2001 (Lyke and Jickling, 2002). WorldCom scandal is one of the biggest accounting scandals in the US corporate history. WorldCom is a US telecommunications company. World Communication Accounting scandal was released in 2002. The company adopted fraud accounting practices in the five quarters (the fourth quarter of 2001 and the first quarter of 2002) (The World Com Accounting Scandal, 2002). A famous telecommunications company WorldCom and accounting, auditing and consulting companies are involved in this large accounting fraud. WorldCom's corporate scandal eventually invited the company's stigma, the biggest bankruptcy in American history. WorldCom is the second largest telecommunications company in the United States in 2000 (The World Com Accounting Scandal, 2002). In 1983, in the hinterland of the state of Mississippi there was not much business, reaching the peak of corporate success, revenues exceeded $ 39 billion and MCAP was $ 150 million (The World Com Accounting Scandal, 2002). In that process, it ranked 42nd in the Fortune 500 list. Under the leadership of CEO Bernie Ebbers, the proliferation of acquisitions in the 1990s and the demand for telecommunications services further boosted the development of communications in the world. However, on June 25, 2002 WorldCom announced that it exaggerated revenues in excess of $ 3.8 billion in the first quarter of 2001 and 2002 (The World Com Accounting Scandal, 2002). scandal People need only consider Enron and the World Communications Accounting scandal in 2001 and 2002 to understand the damage that can occur if public accounting professionals do not fulfill their obligations to customers and the public . Due to accounting corruption by Enron and WorldCom, the two listed companies went bankrupt, employees lost their jobs and pensions, and investors suffered a large loss in the stock market. There is no strict and prompt rule for writing accounting resume. The most important thing is to concentrate on presenting your skills, qualifications, specialties and specific outcomes in an attractive and easy-to-read format. However, by following best practices for creating resumes, you can create a simple, easy-to-scan resume for potential employers to respond to.

It is noteworthy that in WorldCom's accounting scandal, two accountants, Dan Renfroe and Angela Walter, each received a journal of $ 150 million and $ 771 million without detailed assistance. This is not uncommon for WorldCom, but it is not a correct accounting practice, as it violates bookkeeping and accounting principles. This is because detailed support of the voucher form is an important element in supporting journal entry and explains the reason or reason why the journal entry was originally created. WorldCom scandal is one of the biggest accounting scandals in the US corporate history. WorldCom is a US telecommunications company. World Communication Accounting scandal was released in 2002. The company adopted fraud accounting practices in the five quarters (the fourth quarter of 2001 and the first quarter of 2002) (The World Com Accounting Scandal, 2002). A famous telecommunications company WorldCom and accounting, auditing and consulting companies are involved in this large accounting fraud. WorldCom's corporate scandal eventually invited the company's stigma, the biggest bankruptcy in American history. WorldCom is the second largest telecommunications company in the United States in 2000 (The World Com Accounting Scandal, 2002). In 1983, in the hinterland of the state of Mississippi there was not much business, reaching the peak of corporate success, revenues exceeded $ 39 billion and MCAP was $ 150 million (The World Com Accounting Scandal, 2002). In that process, it ranked 42nd in the Fortune 500 list. Under the leadership of CEO Bernie Ebbers, the proliferation of acquisitions in the 1990s and the demand for telecommunications services further boosted the development of communications in the world. However, on June 25, 2002 WorldCom announced that it exaggerated revenues in excess of $ 3.8 billion in the first quarter of 2001 and 2002 (The World Com Accounting Scandal, 2002). scandal People need only consider Enron and the World Communications Accounting scandal in 2001 and 2002 to understand the damage that can occur if public accounting professionals do not fulfill their obligations to customers and the public . Due to accounting corruption by Enron and WorldCom, the two listed companies went bankrupt, employees lost their jobs and pensions, and investors suffered a large loss in the stock market. There is no strict and prompt rule for writing accounting resume. The most important thing is to concentrate on presenting your skills, qualifications, specialties and specific outcomes in an attractive and easy-to-read format. However, by following best practices for creating resumes, you can create a simple, easy-to-scan resume for potential employers to respond to.

In 1983, a small coffee shop in Hattiesburg, Michigan, Bernard Ebbers developed a business concept. This eventually became the world second largest long distance telephone company WorldCom (Romar and Calkins). In 2002, a company that grew from the beginning of Bernard Ebbers announced the biggest bankruptcy in the history of the United States. The unethical and illegal accounting process involving WorldCom eventually led to a new company called MCI born from the collapse of the company and the ruins of WorldCom. WorldCom's accounting fraud case is an example of the fraud that may occur within an enterprise and the impact of fraud on organizations, employees, and investors. The success of Berkshire Hathaway depends on the aggressive due diligence practice and the ability to make profitable investment decisions through a sincere organization. Berkshire Hathaway invests in suspicious organizations by combining due diligence practices such as analyzing auditor's qualifications, compliance with investment partners' cooperation, internal control of investees and review of division of duties, oversight of collective thinking, Can be avoided. . These programs create a powerful system to protect Berkshire Hathaway from fraudulent organizations. The management team at Berkshire Hathaway should investigate the costs and benefits associated with strengthening the risk assessment process and decide whether they can be successfully integrated into company procedures. This report briefly introduces WorldCom and the telecommunications industry and then explains to Berkshire Hathaway, Inc about WorldCom accounting fraud in detail. We provide advice to reduce future loss caused by investment in fraudulent enterprises. We want the management to better understand the investment with high risk of fraud and make more wise investment decisions. Advice to Berkshire Hathaway includes improving current risk assessment procedures and strengthening investment policies The purpose of this report is to investigate and discuss WorldCom accounting fraud in order to recommend improvement to the Berkshire Hathaway management to avoid investing in fraudulent companies. Accounting fraud is a crime committed by an organization's senior employee to manipulate the organization's financial statements and intentionally hide the company's performance. Fraud is executed without the owner (shareholders and investors) knowingly. This may benefit fraudsters and may adversely affect owners.

Summary On March 15, 2005, WorldCom's former CEO Bernard Ebers sat in a federal court awaiting verdict. As WorldCom's former CEO, Ebbers has been accused of personal responsibility for economic damage of major telecommunications. As a result of internal investigation, $ 11 billion of fraud accounting practices were found. In the second report of the second half of 2003, Ebber's 2001 CEO of the company reported that the company overestimated revenues and underestimated expenditure of $ 74.5 billion (Martin, 2005, Paragraph 3). This report briefly introduces WorldCom and the telecommunications industry and then explains to Berkshire Hathaway, Inc about WorldCom accounting fraud in detail. We provide advice to reduce future loss caused by investment in fraudulent enterprises. We want the management to better understand the investment with high risk of fraud and make more wise investment decisions. Advice to Berkshire Hathaway includes improving current risk assessment procedures and strengthening investment policies The purpose of this report is to investigate and discuss WorldCom accounting fraud in order to recommend improvement to the Berkshire Hathaway management to avoid investing in fraudulent companies. Accounting fraud is a crime committed by an organization's senior employee to manipulate the organization's financial statements and intentionally hide the company's performance. Fraud is executed without the owner (shareholders and investors) knowingly. This may benefit fraudsters and may adversely affect owners. Financial statement fraud Enron, WorldCom, and Tyco fraud plans all contain financial statement fraud. This type of fraud is the most expensive of each plan (the median loss is one million dollars), but it is also not the most common. This usually involves forging the organization's financial statements by exaggerating incomes and underestimating debts and expenses. With 9 answers out of 10, the answer is obvious. The reason is obvious. Thieves who work for test tube wholesalers will face several challenges to challenge illegal benefits in the black market; dishonest employees working in coal mines have many to do whatever is good I need to steal things. But everyone spends money

Both World Communications and Mississippi programs have a big fiscal scandal. WorldCom is a telecommunications company exaggerating cash flow by reporting operating expenses of $ 7.6 billion as capital expenditure. As of March 2002, WorldCom was the biggest accounting scandal in the history of the United States. The Mississippi Plan was a business plan that destroyed the French economy in the 1700s. In this plan, we anticipate that the purchasing power of bank notes will decline due to the expansion of assets. WorldCom is the second largest telecommunications company in the United States in 2000 (The World Com Accounting Scandal, 2002). In 1983, in the hinterland of the state of Mississippi there was not much business, reaching the peak of corporate success, revenues exceeded $ 39 billion and MCAP was $ 150 million (The World Com Accounting Scandal, 2002). In that process, it ranked 42nd in the Fortune 500 list. Under the leadership of CEO Bernie Ebbers, the proliferation of acquisitions in the 1990s and the demand for telecommunications services further boosted the development of communications in the world. However, on June 25, 2002 WorldCom announced that it exaggerated revenues in excess of $ 3.8 billion in the first quarter of 2001 and 2002 (The World Com Accounting Scandal, 2002). scandal WorldCom scandal is one of the biggest accounting scandals in the US corporate history. WorldCom is a US telecommunications company. World Communication Accounting scandal was released in 2002. The company adopted fraud accounting practices in the five quarters (the fourth quarter of 2001 and the first quarter of 2002) (The World Com Accounting Scandal, 2002). A famous telecommunications company WorldCom and accounting, auditing and consulting companies are involved in this large accounting fraud. WorldCom's corporate scandal eventually invited the company's stigma, the biggest bankruptcy in American history. A scandal and big question about how US companies rule over are Enron and WorldCom scandals for a series of large corporate frauds. Therefore, in 2002 "Public Company Accounting Reform / Investor Protection Act" was enacted. This bill aims to increase transparency and set new standards for accounting firms, senior managers, senior managers, and directors of public companies. According to the company's secretary (2014), one condition of the bill is that companies need to build a strong internal control system that can incorporate them into the compliance process to enhance the integrity and accuracy of business operations about it. 2)

WorldCom is the ultimate success story for telecommunications companies. Bernard Ebbers served as Chief Executive Officer (CEO) in 1985 and turned the company into a very profitable company at least from outside. In 2002, Ebbers resigned, WorldCom acknowledged the fraud, the company declared bankruptcy (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, and Wright 2007). The company is at the center of the largest fraud accounting in the United States. The annihilation of this telecommunication monster can be recognized as a number of factors including aggressive defensive organizational culture based on their power and bullying strategy they adopt. WorldCom scandal is one of the biggest accounting scandals in the US corporate history. WorldCom is a US telecommunications company. World Communication Accounting scandal was released in 2002. The company adopted fraud accounting practices in the five quarters (the fourth quarter of 2001 and the first quarter of 2002) (The World Com Accounting Scandal, 2002). A famous telecommunications company WorldCom and accounting, auditing and consulting companies are involved in this large accounting fraud. WorldCom's corporate scandal eventually invited the company's stigma, the biggest bankruptcy in American history. It is noteworthy that in WorldCom's accounting scandal, two accountants, Dan Renfroe and Angela Walter, each received a journal of $ 150 million and $ 771 million without detailed assistance. This is not uncommon for WorldCom, but it is not a correct accounting practice, as it violates bookkeeping and accounting principles. - From the day we can understand, our parents are trying to show a good example for us, please let us know the importance of good and evil and how to act in many situations. As we get older, our teachers, family and friends will also affect our daily lives. In our adulthood, we faced a moral or immoral everyday task in the situation we found ourselves. From the collapse of Enron and WorldCom to global financial crisis, London's interbank interest rate conflict scandal, and recent Volkswagen events, rules are necessary but insufficient as a means to influence human behavior already it is clear. While legal compliance and risk management are still important in business, the data suggests that the goals in these areas are most effective. Because the corporate culture is established and strong actions based on principles and values ​​are promoted.

Equality of work ethics is equivalent to the first group of humans who can understand the concept of right and wrong. More specifically, in accounting, the most ethical decisions do not always give the best results. For example, to forge documents and information to improve the company's overall image of the public. For this reason, you can understand why someone is tempted by this unethical behavior. If this type of behavior occurs within an enterprise, WorldCom can be a perfect example of possible problems. This also applies to WorldCom. Due to accounting breach, the company increased revenue by acquiring competitors. The company records strong financial and credit ratings by recording acquisition losses and obligations as goodwill and not recording operating expenses. This led the investor to believe that the company is making huge profits while suffering losses. As a result of subsequent audits and investigations, billions of dollars of undisclosed debt was found. Like Enron, investors and employees lost their hard-earned savings. WorldCom and Enron's litigation includes two good examples of realistic scenarios in financial history. As far as WorldCom is concerned, the Board could not fulfill the task of closely monitoring business management activities (Monks and Minom 2004, p. This prevents them from protecting the interests of their stakeholders. Regarding Enron, a total of 18 directors, including Chief Executive Officer, Former Chief Executive Officer, Chief Accountant Officer, and Chief Risk Officer, participate in the Chief Executive's decision to operate its financial statements I applied for it. - 53, Davis, 2005, CNN Money, 2004) Just before filing bankruptcy, WorldCom was considered one of the largest long-distance companies in the United States. The asset is about 107 billion dollars, the second largest bankruptcy in history. WorldCom's financial downturn is centered on a large accounting scandal, and its total assets have increased by about $ 11 billion. The problematic East Coast airline applied for bankruptcy twice in two years. Although American Airlines had a history of economic difficulties, the first bankruptcy petition began with a terrorist attack on 11th September. Reagan National Airport in Washington, DC is the major airline hub in the USA and has a longer stay than other airports. Even if the airport resumes, security delays and general passive attitudes to flight have a negative impact on the beneficial shuttle service between Washington, New York and Boston.

Compromise of financial transactions - Personal financial problems promote the demand for success and financial compensation. BernieEbbers secured multiple loans to support other individual companies. He had economic problems and was unable to pay the margin requirement for his WorldCom stock. He convinced the board to eventually provide him with the company's financing. To increase the loyalty, Bernie Ebbers also offered a loan to Chief Operating Officer Ron Beaumont. In addition, Mr. Scott Sullivan, Chief Financial Officer, provided personal checks (bonuses) to major managers involved in fraud accounting activities. In 2001, a series of financial information frauds occurred including Enron, the auditing firm Arthur Andersen, the telecommunications company WorldCom, Qwest, Sunbeam, and other well-known companies. These issues highlight the need to review the effectiveness of accounting standards, audit regulations and corporate governance principles. In some cases, management may manipulate the figures shown in the financial report to show better economic performance. In other cases, tax and regulatory incentives promote excessive use of companies and decisions to bear certain irrational risks. Among many products, WorldCom and Enron are still attracting attention in the 21st century. According to available information, WorldCom participated in a series of financial scandals in the stock exchange market when these scandals did not meet the capital standards. As stated in the letter, these factors had a considerable impact in promoting the company's collapse in 2002. Based on this reasoning, the financial statements find one of the most important ethical issues in any investment. Accounting did not result in recent corporate scandals like Enron and WorldCom. The unreliable financial statements are management decisions, fraud and other consequences. Management fraud on fraudulent financial statements accused the accountant as scapegoat and overlooked the real problem. Reliable financial reporting relies on some somewhat effective internal control, but effective internal control relies heavily on reliable management systems and strong corporate governance. (The management system is the process of planning, executing, and controlling all business processes within an organization.)

Brett Terman, Accounting Professor at Haas Business School at the University of California, Berkeley, says: The memories of Enron and WorldCom fraud still plague many investors. There are many accounting scandals in American history. Enron and Worldcom accounting fraud have been affected. Thousands of people have brought many changes to business rules and regulations. Enron 's trial is more prominent than the corruption era of any other company, as defined by WorldCom' s failure of the world 's failure. Banker Frank Quattrone, Tyco, Adelphia Communications, HealthSouth Executive Suite Scandal. A few minutes after the jury and the judge left the court today, Mr. Rai 's family was crowded with him. Mr. Rice's daughter, Elizabeth Vito, and a lawyer working at his defense team were in violence. The two ministers also rely on Mr. Rai to embrace him and his family soon formed a circle in the courtroom and cried together with his arms around his shoulders. "I know, I know" Rai, having their blazers, told some of them in a pleasant voice. At the time, the collapse of Enron was the world's biggest corporate bankruptcy finance world (after that, WorldCom, Lehman Brothers, Washington Mutual Bank could not surpass it). Enron's scandal has raised concerns about accounting and corporate fraud as shareholders lose $ 74 billion in the four years before bankruptcy and their employees lost billions of dollars in pension benefits. As one researcher says, the Sarbanes - Oxley Act is a mirror image of Enron. The company believes that failures in corporate governance are in fact commensurate with key provisions of the bill (Deakin and Konzelmann, 2003)

On February 1, 2008, Yahoo. We dealt better with the industry and received $ 44.6 billion initiative from Microsoft to compete with Google. Microsoft has offered a bid of $ 31 per share, which is higher than the closing price of Yahoo for that day. Yahoo! Microsoft's proposal "I underestimate the brand, audience, investment, growth prospects significantly", I think. I would like 37 dollars per Yahoo. The closing price of YHOO on the day of Microsoft's offer was $ 28.38. Shortly, the general public was told to bid on this initiative and Microsoft and Yahoo joined the opportunity to become Google's biggest competitor. Bartz suffered Yahoo quickly and outsourced Yahoo's search technology to Microsoft for 10 years. "I do not like to abandon controlling things that are very important to business," David Filo has served as Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Yahoo since its founding (emphasis on technology). He is concerned that this movement will show Yahoo's top technical talent no longer interested in state-of-the-art computer science. "It may be worse than I thought," he said. Ten years ago, Microsoft was preparing to acquire majority shares of Yahoo for $ 44.6 billion. Currently, Yahoo's core business value is less than zero. I am talking about Yahoo's core business here, not about Alibaba (currently over $ 25 million) or Yahoo Japan (another independent company). Now in 2016 Mayer admits that their efforts have not changed at all when discussing the company 's fourth quarter revenue in 2015. The old Internet giant older than Google will cut about 15% of its employees and will consider the "strategic choice" business of its core Internet. The price of Yahoo! depends on what is being sold - the share of Yahoo's main business or Alibaba and Yahoo Japan, or a combination of these On behalf of Microsoft's board of directors, I wrote a proposal on the merger between Microsoft and Yahoo. According to our proposal, Microsoft plans to acquire all outstanding shares of Yahoo. According to the closing price of Microsoft on January 31, 2008, ordinary shares were paid in the form of $ 31 cash or $ 0.9509 Microsoft common stock for consideration of $ 31 per share. Microsoft will provide each Yahoo. Shareholders can choose whether to collect the cash with cash or Microsoft's common stock, but it is necessary to calculate by proportional allocation so that the total of Yahoo! will be halved. The common shares will be replaced with half of the shares of Microsoft common stock and Yahoo. Common stock will be converted into right to receive cash. Our recommendations are not subject to any funding requirements.

Today's business needs to comply with established guidelines and regulations when maintaining and reporting business transactions. The purpose of these guidelines and regulations is to ensure the accuracy of corporate accounting reports and to ensure that company assets are not misused or misused by employees. The internal control of the company falls into various categories, but this article explains the establishment of responsibility, physical, mechanical, electronic control, separation of duties, and independent internal verification. Compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act or socks is another element of the internal control process. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act emphasizes the importance of listed companies to maintain internal control over financial reporting. The law requires listed companies to include detailed information on their internal controls in their annual reports. It is a good thing for investors and helps to prove the integrity and management of the company's financial data. "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/purpose-internal-controls-company-12116.html Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act prompts the company to include in its report to the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) statements on responsibility "to establish and maintain the structure and procedures of appropriate internal control over financial reporting" I am requesting it. . ). The annual report should include the evaluation of the company's internal control structure and the effectiveness of the financial reporting process. After that, it is necessary for the registered accounting office to permit "to prove and report management's evaluation". This aspect of the law requires companies to record important financial statements and reviews from certified public accountants and requires companies to abide by this aspect of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (Additon, 2011) A lot of effort and a lot of money are necessary. Financial companies are always managed efficiently because they must always comply with the law. There is nothing to deny the influence of the 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was developed for corporate accounting scandals in companies such as Enron, Tyco, WorldCom. The purpose of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act is to strengthen the oversight of accounting practices of listed companies, so that investors will not be affected by other Enron, Tyco, WorldCom.

Summary The Sarbanes - Oxley Act is a significant extension of the existing federal accuser protection law, and listed companies are encouraged to pay special attention to these new protections against company whistleblowers. Article 806 of the Act prohibits retaliation or discrimination against employees whose employers have reported accounting allegations or monetary corruption, and injured employees filed lawsuits against employers or the federal government to dismiss employers We will establish a new system that can hurt. District court The Sarbanes-Oxley Act (2002) was issued in response to WorldCom and Enron financial scandals, resulting in shareholder's investment loss. This applies to all foreign companies trading shares on the American Stock Exchange, all listed companies in the US and its subsidiaries. Under the law, the ultimate responsibility for determining financial statements lies with the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. In Article 404, because the law requires these officers to manage the financial condition of the company, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the current financial management systems, processes and measures. There is nothing to deny the influence of the 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was developed for corporate accounting scandals in companies such as Enron, Tyco, WorldCom. The purpose of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act is to strengthen the oversight of accounting practices of listed companies, so that investors will not be affected by other Enron, Tyco, WorldCom. The 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act, also known as the "Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act" (Senate) and the "Corporate Law" (Pub.L. 107-204, 116 Stat. 745, July 30, 2002 The Audit Responsibility and Accountability Act, commonly known as Sarbanes-Oxley, Sarbox, or SOX (at the House of Representatives), is a new, or new, to the Board of Directors, Management and Public Accounting Company of all listed companies in the United States It is an enhanced law. It is standard. Some provisions of this measure also apply to private enterprises, such as vandalism to prevent federal investigation. Research and discussion of the 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act We clarify the main elements and the main objectives of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. What are some of the criticisms surrounding the bill? Does this measure have economic impact on the company? Has the Sarbanes-Oxley Act achieved so far? Indirect and Direct Law The preparer of the financial statements has two choices, indirectly and directly when preparing the cash flow statement. Even in F.A.S.B., indirect methods are actually widely used. Indicates the priority of the direct method. Describes the similarities and differences between direct and indirect methods and the advantages of using each method.

If Verizon Communications's management and leadership organization decides that it needs to be the best organization in the world, it helps the world's best employees to accomplish their work. The organization recognizes the need for an excellent set of guidelines to maintain high standards of excellence and qualified people who are willing to follow these guidelines. To help employees understand the organization's vision, organizations need good leadership and leaders need competent managers to encourage their dreams. Background Ivan Seidenberg has played an important lead role in Verizon since 2000 (Anonymous, 2011). During his lead role, Ivan Seidenberg led Verizon to the global network, and Verizon built its network nationwide (Anonymous, 2011). Ivan Seidenberg is 63 years old and has a bachelor's degree in mathematics and a master's degree in business administration (Anonymous, 2011). - Alexander Solzhenitsyn's Ivan Denisocvich's lifetime day is a fascinating story depicting the life of the prisoners of the Soviet labor camp. Published in 1962, this short story quickly succeeded and became literary and political colors. Solzhenitsyn's novel is the first public reference by the Soviet government on a mandatory collective collectiveization and the existence of labor camps. MCI Corporation (d / b / a Verizon Business) is a US telecommunications company, now a subsidiary of Verizon Communications, headquartered in Ashburn, Virginia. The company was originally established by the merger of WorldCom and MCI Communications, and before the name was changed to the current version on April 12, 2003, the name of MCI WorldCom inherited by WorldCom is used as part of the company's purpose it was done. The bankruptcy listing on Nasdaq is WCOM (before bankruptcy) and MCIP (after bankruptcy). The company was acquired by Verizon Communications and completed on January 6, 2006. The company has been certified as a Verizon Enterprise Solutions division and the local housing sector is gradually integrated into Verizon's local subsidiary.

The content of each code indicates either an occupational act or an indication that can not be regarded as a professional act. However, it is clear that occupational rules are used only as a general ethical code. As a result, experts encounter some more specific ethical issues when practicing and there is no clear or written solution to these problems. Regardless of whether it is worth it is worth paying attention to the irony that the consultant and his business ethics are questioned. The dilemma of ethical counseling in counseling is an important topic in today's business for just good reasons. Let's look at the headline: Rajat Gupta scandal, Anil Kumar and Rajaratnam scandal, Enron, Worldcom, Southern Health, Great Depression, financial crisis due to unethical behavior by banks, and so on. All of these incidents are directly or indirectly related to consultants. The reason why they happened was the moral mistake of some of them. Morality is a very suitable value ... she experienced a big moral dilemma. WorldCom was a very successful company until the middle of the 2000s when the telecommunications industry entered a long recession. The company's earnings are not Wall Street's expectations, but there are unpaid invoices. Vinson's job is to solve the problem by doing wrong accounting practices. The moral dilemma is the result of the weather that she should or should not do or it did or did not do it. + Work ethic dilemma Tanya W. Cooper BSHS / 332 Human Service Professional, Ethical and Legal Issues On April 16, 2012, Kathleen Roberts faces problems related to ethical dilemmas everyday. Moral dilemmas include personal behavior of ethical standards that may have been established from previous generations. When sticking to the standards taught, individuals may be forced to make decisions, including specific actions and actions. Calvin L Harris Jr. ETH 316 On November 15, 2012, Marlon Spencer solves the ethical problem of moral dilemmas because we inevitably live in diversity. Diversity brings many beliefs, attitudes and personality. Therefore, ethical problems are common. They have many shapes, sizes and benefits. Ethical problems can be solved because even though ethical problems can not be avoided, rational decisions can solve and solve problems by considering ethical perspectives.

HR 3763 - July 30, 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act, July 30, 2002 HR 3763, 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act ("Sarbanes-Oxley Act" or "Law") There is probably no reason. After reading the bill I think that this great compliment is unfounded. I am going to solve the three problems raised in the bill. First, I will explain the stock options Sarbanes-Oxley (or possibly) consider. Next, I will explain the establishment of a committee for overseeing the practice of auditing and corporate accounting and the potential effectiveness of the committee. Research and discussion of the 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act We clarify the main elements and the main objectives of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. What are some of the criticisms surrounding the bill? Does this measure have economic impact on the company? Has the Sarbanes-Oxley Act achieved so far? Indirect and Direct Law The preparer of the financial statements has two choices, indirectly and directly when preparing the cash flow statement. Even in F.A.S.B., indirect methods are actually widely used. Indicates the priority of the direct method. Describes the similarities and differences between direct and indirect methods and the advantages of using each method. From some financial scandals, the Sarbanes-Oxley method has evolved. The bill provides some important and practical provisions for listed companies. According to the 2002 Sarbanes - Oxley Act, there are 11 titles. Public company accounting supervisory committee (PCAOB), auditor independence, corporate responsibility, enhanced financial disclosure, analyst conflicts of interest, committee resources and power, research and reporting, corporate and criminal fraud responsibility, white collar Criminal punishment, income tax return, corporate fraud liability There is nothing to deny the influence of the 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was developed for corporate accounting scandals in companies such as Enron, Tyco, WorldCom. The purpose of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act is to strengthen the oversight of accounting practices of listed companies, so that investors will not be affected by other Enron, Tyco, WorldCom.

Along with the transformation of the 21st century, Adelphia Communications Corporation appears to be on a direct path to success; their investors and the general public have noticed that they are actually in the way to direct destruction I do not know. Unfortunately, Adelphia is not the first big company to lose the trust of American citizens in American business history, but it is certainly one of the most remarkable companies. As the events surrounding the Adelphia scandal gathered the public's attention, many media broadcast the destruction and distrust of the masses there, and many people wondered if the word "business ethics" really exists. Following Enron, Adelphia, Tyco and other attracting corporate scandals, these scandals indicate that ethical breaches can pose a serious and costly risk to corporate growth or development. As evidenced by Kozlowski, Swartz, Belnick, the collapse of integrity hinders hundreds of thousands to cover additional costs such as lawsuits, fines, declining corporate reputation, subsequent customer confidence, sales and damage It costs as much as dollars or billions of dollars. Control process The dilemma of ethical counseling in counseling is an important topic in today's business for just good reasons. Let's look at the headline: Rajat Gupta scandal, Anil Kumar and Rajaratnam scandal, Enron, Worldcom, Southern Health, Great Depression, financial crisis due to unethical behavior by banks, and so on. All of these incidents are directly or indirectly related to consultants. The reason why they happened was the moral mistake of some of them. Morality is a very suitable value ... she experienced a big moral dilemma. WorldCom was a very successful company until the middle of the 2000s when the telecommunications industry entered a long recession. The company's earnings are not Wall Street's expectations, but there are unpaid invoices. Vinson's job is to solve the problem by doing wrong accounting practices. The moral dilemma is the result of the weather that she should or should not do or it did or did not do it.

Unless I mention the recent economic difficulties of Japan and some other countries, I should be charged with libel. Because these difficulties contrast with long-term economic success, I think these difficulties are shocking for the Japanese people. But as history shows, they show that, over the long term, enjoying stable and consistent growth is beyond the capacity of the state. In any country, no matter how successful you seem to have encountered a recession. Introduction In this paper, we will consider accounting scandal, especially Enron accounting scandal. First, I will explore the history of Enron. Let's explore the implications of derivatives after deeply exploring the accounting issues confronting Enron. Finally, after discussing the conclusion, I think it is important to consider different types of accounting fraud. The accounting scandal was caused by collective greed and corporate arrogance. In the problem of accounting education. Toy Center audit and business risk assessment, May 23, 2008, No. 2, pages 299 - 307 Christine E. Earley and Fred Phillips, senior management of professional services companies, assigned to audit the personal financial statements It is done. The company is called Toy Central Corporation (TCC). In addition, partners also ask you to identify business risks that could adversely affect TCC's ongoing profitability. WorldCom scandal is one of the biggest accounting scandals in the US corporate history. WorldCom is a US telecommunications company. World Communication Accounting scandal was released in 2002. The company adopted fraud accounting practices in the five quarters (the fourth quarter of 2001 and the first quarter of 2002) (The World Com Accounting Scandal, 2002). A famous telecommunications company WorldCom and accounting, auditing and consulting companies are involved in this large accounting fraud. WorldCom's corporate scandal eventually invited the company's stigma, the biggest bankruptcy in American history.

In 1998, Worldcom Telecom began to slow down, World Comm stock prices fell. The CEO is strengthening pressure from the bank to meet WorldCom's margin call requirements. Although it continued from 1999 to May 2002, WorldCom erroneously claimed that financial amplification and profitability will raise the price of WorldCom shares, so in order to cover the depressed financial situation, the shadow accounting method I adopted it. Fraud is achieved in the two most important ways. First, WorldCom's accounting department does not consistently spend, but by recording these expenses on the balance sheet, it makes the "line cost" (expenses with other telecommunications companies) moderate . In the complex global business environment of the 21st century, companies of all sizes are faced with numerous ethical issues. Companies are responsible for observing the code of conduct and ethics that all members of the organization should obey and taking action. Basic ethical issues in business include promotion of behavior based on integrity and generation of trust, but more complicated problems include adaptation to diversity according to the company's core value, sympathetic Decision making, compliance and governance. Business ethics is a type of application ethics or professional ethics that tests ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that occur in business environments. This applies to all aspects of business execution and is related to the general behavior of individuals and corporate organizations. Application ethics is a field of ethics including ethical issues in many areas including medicine, technology, law, business ethics. Rosner, J. B (1990). Business ethics can be normative or descriptive. As a business practice and professional discipline, this field is primarily normative. Descriptive methods are also adopted in academia. The scope and number of business ethics issues reflects the extent to which companies are deemed to contradict non-economic value and social value.

INTRODUCTION Leaders of organizations around the world need to be aware of their negative leadership behavior in order to remedy and solve this problem. Most leaders are highly qualified and promoted or adopted to their managerial positions as they prove they are successful (Brusman, 2011). Generally, negative leadership behaviors are the result of lack of communication skills of leaders and lack of emotional intelligence (Brusman, 2011). In order for the leaders to improve their negative leadership behavior, they needed to be aware that they made a mistake and tried to stop making the same mistake twice. However, negative leadership can have a rapid and dramatic impact on positive culture. WorldCom is a telecommunications leader with a very innovative culture until Bernie Ebbers takes over. He squeezes out all the pennies from the environment and can press employees to work hard, but he plunder the company. Sales soared sharply and within several years WorldCom went bankrupt. Companies reflect the ethics of leaders who manage them. Bob page feels like an outsider and he has to hide his sexuality. At the time he founded Replaments, Ltd., he guarantees that everyone can accept diverse places - ideas as well as lifestyle - and invest in building their community . Anita Roddick established a body shop and established an environmental company that reflects efforts towards environmental activities. Jim · Goodnight's work-life balance efforts are a member of SAS, the world's largest privately held company. This article may be a bit negative. I did not make it to take responsible leadership. I have created it to emphasize the initial honesty of leadership. Many new ambitious leaders are trying to make their leadership beautiful. Leadership is wonderful. I will not turn it into the world. But it also involves heartache, long night awakening, and disappointment. At the beginning of the article, I mentioned the hurricane leader and lost sight of the dog and the sunrise. Hurricane must constantly plan for the future storm. A storm will come soon. Regardless of whether it is a long time or a wrong decision - all storms require planning and action. Lost dogs are lost people, you need to bring them back. Dialogue, inspiration, and truth are expected to become reality. Sunrise is my favorite. They are a big influence that you can give to someone's life. The plan is progressing smoothly. The conversation has turned into a positive change. I like the reasons for leadership

This bill covers a number of important issues such as auditor independence, strengthening corporate information disclosure, corporate committee and criminal committee accountability, corporate fraud and accountability. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act is very extensive, but Section 802 "Corporate Punishment for Enterprise and Criminal Fraud", "Criminal Punishment for Document Changes" is one of the most important parts of this law. The bill stipulates that the company should not change documents mainly. According to Sections 802, 18, 73 of United States law, amendments were made at the end of Articles 1519 and 1520. Research and discussion of the 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act We clarify the main elements and the main objectives of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. What are some of the criticisms surrounding the bill? Does this measure have economic impact on the company? Has the Sarbanes-Oxley Act achieved so far? Indirect and Direct Law The preparer of the financial statements has two choices, indirectly and directly when preparing the cash flow statement. Even in F.A.S.B., indirect methods are actually widely used. Indicates the priority of the direct method. Describes the similarities and differences between direct and indirect methods and the advantages of using each method. There is nothing to deny the influence of the 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was developed for corporate accounting scandals in companies such as Enron, Tyco, WorldCom. The purpose of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act is to strengthen the oversight of accounting practices of listed companies, so that investors will not be affected by other Enron, Tyco, WorldCom. With the development of the Sarbanes-Oxley method in 2002, the audit and accounting industry began to change. The Sarbanes - Oxley Act has changed game rules regarding fraud detection. Prior to the enactment of the bill, the auditing company was mainly subject to self-regulation, which turned out to be problematic. A company like Arthur Anderson says that fraud with a fraud company lacks integrity. As a result, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act established the Public Company Supervision Committee (PCAOB) to strengthen the oversight and supervision of accounting professionals. In 2004, fraud has cost $ 648 billion to the US economy, which is 20 times the cost of general street crime and shows the importance of a powerful fraud detection system . In order to understand the importance of the Sarbanes-Oxley method, it is very important to understand the behavior itself. From my reading, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act seems to have passed through to regain the public's confidence in the financial reporting of listed companies. Three Affected Areas - Strengthening internal controls, preventing fraud, and improving the accountability of the Audit Committee. This means a new role of certified public accountants. They are responsible for leading many new rules and regulations through their company. With this role they

When operating a company with internal control, we protect the company from internal and external theft while ensuring that employees in the company act in an ethical and legal context. Internal control prevents illegal use or current employee theft and provides protection measures to reduce internal errors and irregularities of the accounting process that may be seen as distorting the company's true financial situation Offers. It is proved that the opportunity to hire people who can steal money is monitored even if there is no check or balance to monitor the financial statements and prevent ordinary honest people. Compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act or socks is another element of the internal control process. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act emphasizes the importance of listed companies to maintain internal control over financial reporting. The law requires listed companies to include detailed information on their internal controls in their annual reports. It is a good thing for investors and helps to prove the integrity and management of the company's financial data. "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/purpose-internal-controls-company-12116.html Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act prompts the company to include in its report to the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) statements on responsibility "to establish and maintain the structure and procedures of appropriate internal control over financial reporting" I am requesting it. . ). The annual report should include the evaluation of the company's internal control structure and the effectiveness of the financial reporting process. After that, it is necessary for the registered accounting office to permit "to prove and report management's evaluation". This aspect of the law requires companies to record important financial statements and reviews from certified public accountants and requires companies to abide by this aspect of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (Additon, 2011) A lot of effort and a lot of money are necessary. Financial companies are always managed efficiently because they must always comply with the law. There is nothing to deny the influence of the 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was developed for corporate accounting scandals in companies such as Enron, Tyco, WorldCom. The purpose of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act is to strengthen the oversight of accounting practices of listed companies, so that investors will not be affected by other Enron, Tyco, WorldCom.

In 2002, Senator Paul Sarbanes (Democrat Maryland) and Congressman Michael Oxley (Republican of Ohio State), a new law to further standardize accounting and auditing of companies that are publicly traded in the United States I crossed the aisle to develop. And financial report. Since the American people demanded reforms to deal with a wide range of fraud and corruption, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) (also known as Public Accounting Reform and the Investor Protection Act of 2002) It was passed. A large American company. Research and discussion of the 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act We clarify the main elements and the main objectives of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. What are some of the criticisms surrounding the bill? Does this measure have economic impact on the company? Has the Sarbanes-Oxley Act achieved so far? Indirect and Direct Law The preparer of the financial statements has two choices, indirectly and directly when preparing the cash flow statement. Even in F.A.S.B., indirect methods are actually widely used. Indicates the priority of the direct method. Describes the similarities and differences between direct and indirect methods and the advantages of using each method. Of course, the 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act attracted the most attention recently. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was developed for companies such as World Com, Enron, Arthur Andersen. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act had a major impact on listed companies, but it brought a trickle-down effect. It requires that all listed companies reveal whether they have the ethics provisions of their CFO. The trend is that more and more companies adopt and use ethical guidelines. There is nothing to deny the influence of the 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was developed for corporate accounting scandals in companies such as Enron, Tyco, WorldCom. The purpose of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act is to strengthen the oversight of accounting practices of listed companies, so that investors will not be affected by other Enron, Tyco, WorldCom. With the development of the Sarbanes-Oxley method in 2002, the audit and accounting industry began to change. The Sarbanes - Oxley Act has changed game rules regarding fraud detection. Prior to the enactment of the bill, the auditing company was mainly subject to self-regulation, which turned out to be problematic. A company like Arthur Anderson says that fraud with a fraud company lacks integrity. As a result, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act established the Public Company Supervision Committee (PCAOB) to strengthen the oversight and supervision of accounting professionals. In 2004, fraud has cost $ 648 billion to the US economy, which is 20 times the cost of general street crime and shows the importance of a powerful fraud detection system .

Today there are so many organizations using SOX (Sarbanes - Oxley Act) to protect companies and their financial records. The Sarbanes-Oxley method was launched in 2002 to protect the organization. This has a major impact on accounting and records management. For Enron, they passed a bill to better manage their company data for listed companies. "Named after Senator Paul Sarbens and nominated for Michael Oxley, they also set some deadlines for compliance (SOX Act). Research and discussion of the 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act We clarify the main elements and the main objectives of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. What are some of the criticisms surrounding the bill? Does this measure have economic impact on the company? Has the Sarbanes-Oxley Act achieved so far? Indirect and Direct Law The preparer of the financial statements has two choices, indirectly and directly when preparing the cash flow statement. Even in F.A.S.B., indirect methods are actually widely used. Indicates the priority of the direct method. Describes the similarities and differences between direct and indirect methods and the advantages of using each method. In order to understand the importance of the Sarbanes-Oxley method, it is very important to understand the behavior itself. From my reading, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act seems to have passed through to regain the public's confidence in the financial reporting of listed companies. Three Affected Areas - Strengthening internal controls, preventing fraud, and improving the accountability of the Audit Committee. This means a new role of certified public accountants. They are responsible for leading many new rules and regulations through their company. With this role they Compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act or socks is another element of the internal control process. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act emphasizes the importance of listed companies to maintain internal control over financial reporting. The law requires listed companies to include detailed information on their internal controls in their annual reports. It is a good thing for investors and helps to prove the integrity and management of the company's financial data. "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/purpose-internal-controls-company-12116.html There is nothing to deny the influence of the 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was developed for corporate accounting scandals in companies such as Enron, Tyco, WorldCom. The purpose of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act is to strengthen the oversight of accounting practices of listed companies, so that investors will not be affected by other Enron, Tyco, WorldCom.

Internal control for protecting companies from theft of illegal actors and external predators is in place. They are also a series of accurate checks and balances, there are differences. The Sarbanes - Oxley Act (SOX) was named after Senator Paul Sarbanes and Michael Oxley in 2002. There are 11 titles in the bill, and about 6 fields are considered to be very important. (Sox, 2006) The 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act established internal control of listed US companies. Compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act or socks is another element of the internal control process. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act emphasizes the importance of listed companies to maintain internal control over financial reporting. The law requires listed companies to include detailed information on their internal controls in their annual reports. It is a good thing for investors and helps to prove the integrity and management of the company's financial data. "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/purpose-internal-controls-company-12116.html Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act prompts the company to include in its report to the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) statements on responsibility "to establish and maintain the structure and procedures of appropriate internal control over financial reporting" I am requesting it. . ). The annual report should include the evaluation of the company's internal control structure and the effectiveness of the financial reporting process. After that, it is necessary for the registered accounting office to permit "to prove and report management's evaluation". This aspect of the law requires companies to record important financial statements and reviews from certified public accountants and requires companies to abide by this aspect of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (Additon, 2011) A lot of effort and a lot of money are necessary. Financial companies are always managed efficiently because they must always comply with the law. There is nothing to deny the influence of the 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was developed for corporate accounting scandals in companies such as Enron, Tyco, WorldCom. The purpose of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act is to strengthen the oversight of accounting practices of listed companies, so that investors will not be affected by other Enron, Tyco, WorldCom. In order to understand the importance of the Sarbanes-Oxley method, it is very important to understand the behavior itself. From my reading, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act seems to have passed through to regain the public's confidence in the financial reporting of listed companies. Three Affected Areas - Strengthening internal controls, preventing fraud, and improving the accountability of the Audit Committee. This means a new role of certified public accountants. They are responsible for leading many new rules and regulations through their company. With this role they

The 18th century Scottish writer Samuel Smiles once said, "This strict and sincere person may not be as fast as an unscrupulous and unfaithful person, but success will be more realistic. Or if there is no unfair income, even if it temporarily fails, he must be honest. "(Zaadz, 2005) Major corporate scandals such as Enron and WorldCom shook the world of business in a powerful way at the turn of the century. Sarbanes-Oxley Act: After major corporate fraud in enterprises such as Enron, Tyco, WorldCom, the major laws of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act were enacted, accounting, auditing, and corporate laws and regulations were stipulated. Many of the responsible business community oppose the bill, claiming that it is difficult, time-consuming to comply with the rules and still can not achieve the desired result. EPA: Another common goal for some companies is the Environmental Protection Agency. This agency currently regulates waste disposal, greenhouse gas emissions restrictions, pollutants, and other substances that are harmful to land, water and the atmosphere. Companies that apply to these rules are complaining that these restrictions are expensive and sacrifice profits. Research and discussion of the 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act We clarify the main elements and the main objectives of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. What are some of the criticisms surrounding the bill? Does this measure have economic impact on the company? Has the Sarbanes-Oxley Act achieved so far? Indirect and Direct Law The preparer of the financial statements has two choices, indirectly and directly when preparing the cash flow statement. Even in F.A.S.B., indirect methods are actually widely used. Indicates the priority of the direct method. Describes the similarities and differences between direct and indirect methods and the advantages of using each method. From some financial scandals, the Sarbanes-Oxley method has evolved. The bill provides some important and practical provisions for listed companies. According to the 2002 Sarbanes - Oxley Act, there are 11 titles. Public company accounting supervisory committee (PCAOB), auditor independence, corporate responsibility, enhanced financial disclosure, analyst conflicts of interest, committee resources and power, research and reporting, corporate and criminal fraud responsibility, white collar Criminal punishment, income tax return, corporate fraud liability

Ethical issues are the main problem Every organization has a set of ethical standards to be observed. Purpose of the organization's ethical standards: Establish organizational trust for the community, make it possible for employees to maintain unity of organizational behavior, and formulate guidelines for employees to make ethical decisions to protect the organization I will help you. Every organization is responsible for fulfilling the business in a sincere and ethical manner. Organizational ethics is a process. For ethical-focused organizations, the development and support of ethical processes not only improves leadership but also improves the ethical compliance of employees across all organizations. The board of directors, leaders, and employees all play a role in the development of ethical behavior within the organization. Everyone must cooperate and create an environment that does not allow unethical behavior. Through this shared responsibility, the board and employees can prevent authoritarian leaders from causing the following Enron, Worldcom, Brex - X, Im Clone, Lincoln savings and loan or Holinger 's disasters. The moral philosophy of an organization can affect organizations in various ways, including its reputation, productivity, and the organization's end profit. Ethics within the organization have many advantages. An aggressive ethical corporate culture can increase the morale of employees in the organization, thereby improving employee productivity and employee consolidation. If productivity is high, the efficiency of the organization increases, and as employee retention increases, employee substitution costs fall. The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) restricts US commercial companies from conducting bribery and other illegal activities internationally. Some laws have the same type of ban on companies in Europe, which has a competitive disadvantage for both European and American companies. For organizations that take a high level of ethical behavior as part of their values, such laws do not constitute a limitation. Kenneth R. Andrews argues that in "practical ethics" there are three aspects to ethical behavior in the organization. It is personal development as a moral person, prevention of ethical behavior and unethical behavior Most moral development of the individual occurs before entering the organization. The influence of families, churches, communities, schools determines personal values. This organization deals mainly with individuals who established value base. This may mean that moral organizations are lucky enough to introduce moral individuals, while unethical organizations introduce immoral people. But things are not that simple

Collapse of large enterprises This report discusses how enterprises choose greedy roads, not roads to morals. Some of the world's largest enterprises, including companies such as Worldcom and Enron, tend to think like this. However, as stated in the article "Business ethics in the workplace", it is extremely difficult to mix ethics and benefits in today's world, so the main focus of many companies will be the benefit of themselves and their shareholders Because there is a big moral dilemma. This is the latest development in many developments from the twentieth century to the twenty-first century, including the commercialization of the Internet, the diffusion of tacit enterprises, the knowledge-rich local bookstores and libraries such as chained supermarkets, books It is considered to be a loss. Now being destroyed, online retailers, Amazon (its founder and chairman, Jeff Bezos also owns Washington Post) is a top priority. Please think Harry Potter's phenomenon as a special example. JKRowling's series began as a mother's creative memo, and so far, from the movie to the theme park exciting storytelling, connecting the world's covers, extending to other platforms, for all generations Become. Even SF works that are not the subject of the fall of human beings are not as far away as it was before. "Minority Report" is a sci-fi movie in 2054 based on Philip K. Dick's short story, and many of the techniques shown in this movie are under development or in use. In cinema, citizen's biometric data allows companies to access government files to more accurately target marketing. Currently, Google develops technology that uses environmental sensors so that advertisements of electronic devices become "targeted advertisements tailored to the things they see and hear in the real world" (Whitehead 2012). In the movie, spiritual words called "prep" are used to predict crime. Mail customers were key driving forces for many companies in the past, but it also resulted in a decline in valuation that resulted in a decrease in sales and ultimately a greater loss. There are many ways to recover the dying marketing strategy. Here are some instructions on how to recover your email marketing campaign. Knowing your target market may take you a long way. Let's understand their needs and desires, their perception of your company, and the motivation they will attract to buy products. It may be a low price, a better incentive, or a well organized 360 degree marketing campaign

The Senate Judiciary Committee announced on Saturday that it submitted an "obvious misrepresentation" to the Ministry of Justice for Surpeme Court's candidate Brett Kavanaugh. Mr. Chuck Grassley, Chairman of the Iowa State Senator's Judiciary Committee, said he wanted criminal examination of personal actions. Mr. Grassley said in a letter to the Ministry of Justice, "It is illegal to make false, false or fraudulent remarks to Congressional investigators, it is illegal to interfere with the commission's investigation." "Explicit misstatement" was a claim to Kavanaugh from Senator Sheldon Whitehouse of D Rhode Island. When the White House submitted a statement to the reporter, according to a statement of the Senate Judiciary Committee, the Senate Judiciary Committee conducted a subsequent investigation. The Senate Court says: "The committee seriously takes the assertion and contends the judge Cavano 's claim of felony penalties. Investigators said, "As early as Sunday morning in August 1985, acquaintance of the member was badly drunk by two people later called Brett and Mark" Said. Male sexual assault " Cavano denied all charges against him. On Thursday, Christine Blasey Ford accused him of sexually assaulting high school and she testified before the Senate Judiciary Committee. Cavano testified behind her Senate majority leader Mitch McConnell mentioned several "unfounded arguments" canceled on Friday. The Senate Democrats are investigating new claims of sexual fraud against Cavano as they demanded a quick vote to confirm President Trump is nominated by Supreme Court candidate Brett Cavano . The statement dates back to 1983 - 84 grade Cavano was a freshman of Yale University. At least the four democratic senators' offices received information on the allegations and at least two began the investigation. Republican senior officials also learned about last week's allegations and expressed concern about the possibility of their nomination to Kavano in the conversation with New Yorkers. Shortly thereafter, the Senate Republican Party again appealed to shorten the committee's voting time. The Democratic Senate considered the allegation and thought it worth further investigation. "This is another serious, reliable and uneasy claim to Brett Cavano, if they are established, they are obviously inappropriate." Senate Democrats investigate new claims of sexual misconduct at Brett Kavanaugh University We learned about the first criminal introduction from trump - Russia to investigate the association of China. Several months after investigating the possibility of conspiracy of the Russian intervention to the elections of 2016 and the cardinal elections, the first criminal proposal raised by the Senate Judiciary Committee was directed to those who intended to reveal it : Christopher Steele. Chuck Grassley (R - IA), the Senate Referee Committee chairman, and Senator Lindsay Graham (R - SC) argued that Steele could have misrepresented the file claims distribution. Federal regulation criminalizing false statements is more extensive than perjury. Under 18. A false statement to Article 1001, an investigator, an institutional official or a parliament may be a felony and may be punished by up to five years imprisonment. Significant omissions may support conviction of misstatements and intentional misstatements. In other words, interaction with the government, including informal interviews with government agencies, creates a violation risk of 1001. In addition, federal law criminalizes numerous misstatements in bank records and federal land or loan transactions. Martha Stewart (a false statement in the insider trading survey), Former Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich (remarks during corruption investigation), Bernie Madoff, Bernie Ebbers (formerly known as " Worldcom CEO) and Jeffrey. Skill (former Enron) CEO)

Movie Wall Street's moral and ethical film "Wall Street" represents ethical cheating and business ethics disappointment in a commercially popular world. This movie shows that bad business ethics adversely affect society. The two protagonists are Budfox, which Charlie Sheen and Michael Douglas Gordon Otaku play. Budfox is a young stockbroker from an honest, working-class family, while Gordon Gecko is jealous and a Bermudian who wants to connect with him. This action calls for all parties to handle it fairly and sincerely. The term ethics is defined as "behavioral standards or ethical behavior". The movie "Wall Street" is the opposite of these definitions. This movie shows examples of hostile takeovers, insider trading, greedy, and unethical behavior. Films focus on ways in which the stock market and internal information are used to make up cash and profit at the expense of others. When Dawn managed to escape from Ross somehow, a spark came out but the tragedy began fighting because he was waiting for the sinking ship to hit the iceberg. In the movie, this story is presented to the audience as a flashback. The narrator is Rose, 101, surname Dawson. Movie Wall Street's moral and ethical film "Wall Street" represents ethical cheating and business ethics disappointment in a commercially popular world. This movie shows that bad business ethics adversely affect society. The two protagonists are Budfox, which Charlie Sheen and Michael Douglas Gordon Otaku play. Budfox is a young stockbroker from an honest, working-class family, while Gordon Gecko is jealous and a Bermudian who wants to connect with him. This is a moral commentary on the movie "Stone and Weiser". It explores the ethical dilemma faced by Bud Fox and what makes it easy for Fox to try to correct ethical violations across moral boundaries. It examines Gordon Gecko's idea of ​​human vulnerability to doing ethical breaches and how it relates to Bud Fox. Finally, I will explain factors related to Enron and WorldCom in the movie. The film "Wall Street" is about ambitious new stock price index Bud Fox and Godon Gecco, a prospective and cruel Wall Street power. Bud Fox spent a lot of time and effort trying to become the core circle of Gordon Gekko. When he succeeds in doing this, Bird's life will enter a fast lane, a distinctive apartment, money, power and enthusiasm for a new car.

We will publish the released financial information to satisfy the needs and needs of users. This includes shareholders checking the direction of the company's development, whether it has attained healthy profits, whether it has the ability to pay, the value of the company and the possibility of failure. Other users are employees who wish to check the report to see if their work is safe, possible, whether wage or pension goes up. This report provides stakeholders and shareholders with information on the company's performance and financial situation. Enron uses a variety of fraudulent, confusing, fraudulent accounting practices and strategies to cover incorrect reporting of Enron 's financial information. The purpose of creating a special purpose entity is to hide the important responsibilities of Enron 's financial statements. These companies show Enron more profitable than it actually is and create a dangerous spiral. Every quarter the company officials have to make increasingly monetary fraud in order to generate billions of dollars of profits The company is actually losing money. This approach raised their stock price to a new level as executives began investigating insider information and trading millions of dollars on Enron shares. Enron administrators and insiders know offshore accounts that hide corporate losses but investors do not know Accounting did not result in recent corporate scandals like Enron and WorldCom. The unreliable financial statements are management decisions, fraud and other consequences. Management fraud on fraudulent financial statements accused the accountant as scapegoat and overlooked the real problem. Reliable financial reporting relies on some somewhat effective internal control, but effective internal control relies heavily on reliable management systems and strong corporate governance. (The management system is the process of planning, executing, and controlling all business processes within an organization.)

After major companies and accounting scandals have affected Tyco, WorldCom, Enron, the federal government passed a law called the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, also known as "Public Accounting Reform and Investor". Protection Law "law was passed to prevent illegal and misleading acts of financial journalists and to prevent declining confidence in public accounting and reporting. The two important subjects covered by the Sarbanes-Oxley method are the independence of the auditor and the reporting and evaluation of internal controls under section 404. In 1989, Congress passed the whistleblower protection law to protect federal officials from workplace retaliation when cheating was revealed. In 2002, SOX (Sarbanes - Oxley Act) introduced guidance on reporting to listed companies and strongly protected whistling employees. Input ombudsman: Independent representative who gives advice to employees (or students, citizens etc.) and can directly report to the CEO outside the company management level or the board of directors. This approach provides guidance and confidentiality to employees and provides early warning and practical advice to the company. According to Hunt's article, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX law) is too strict, so it is over-emphasizing the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), the governing body (Hunter, 2007). I discuss how SOX law is unfair to domestic and foreign companies, SMEs, their shareholders, and the general public. This article explains how this bill allows companies to take unethical behavior to prevent business execution and accumulation of fines (Hunter, 2007). This article clarifies how the Sarbanes-Oxley Act implements the eternal compliance obligation that is not useful for business, but it wastes company revenue and time (Hunter, 2007). Hunt explained that through development of PCAOB, the board of directors can apply a large scale fine to the senior management (CEO and CFO) within the organization through the SOX law.

The key to the success of every business is a well-organized plan to succeed. Many SMEs, especially those that are deliberately or almost coincidentally, are the most harmful without setting clear goals for their business over time. Even large enterprises may have an overall mission of the company, but it is not easy to translate if the intermediate administrator attempts to integrate the company's mission into everyday activities. Whether you are a small business startup or a Fortune 500 company, any business will benefit from well thought out business plans. Dr. Edwin Rock developed and clarified the so-called "target setting theory" of the 1960's. Since then, the company believes that it is highly likely that employees will do their best after setting clear goals to achieve. Target setting theory may affect various aspects of business. Once you understand the specific application in each field, you can improve the company in a specific way. Sponsored links must be effective according to goal setting theory in order to be effective. Employees need to know exactly what to accomplish and when. Just saying "just doing better" to an employee does not provide a clear action plan and can not explain how an employee knows when an employee achieves a goal. An example of a clear goal is to tell employees to increase sales by 10% in three months. Another example is asking employees to replicate 15 units per day for 6 weeks. Target setting theory is a very convenient way to motivate employees to improve organizational goals. Target setting theory directly affects the organization's performance. This theory helps employees and company personnel set appropriate goals for the organization. Where WorldCom uses target setting theory within an organization, its officers and auditors will not adopt unethical accounting practices for the business (Griffin & Moorhead, 2009). Corporate governance This theory combines two general theories of goal setting and expectation. It proposes effective leaders to help those who achieve their goals in their own direction. According to this theory, leaders are responsible for ensuring that their subordinates receive the support and information they need to achieve their stated goals. In essence, this theory thinks that effective leaders create clear ways to help subordinates achieve their goals, and they work to remove barriers that impede them. Target setting theory: The basic premise of target setting is that the target is a direct adjuster of human behavior. Theory refers to the impact of setting targets for subsequent performance. Individuals who set concrete and difficult targets have better performance than individuals who set simple and simple goals. Some of the important features of the theory are: Motivation to work towards the goals, concrete and clear goals, concrete and difficult goals, more appropriate and appropriate results feedback. The Influence of Motivation on the Performance of Employees: Case Study of Karmasangsthan Bank Limited in Bangladesh

The importance of financial reporting The collapse of huge companies such as Enron and WorldCom is causing the pressing problem that always existed in the minds of investors. The company lost confidence in the company, but the company whose market capital cost has increased significantly has not changed. Investors are now investing in risk-free securities, not their own shares. Until now, there was a large amount of unfair financial reporting, but unexpectedly it was not a special result of the collapse of the internal accounting management system, but a positional position for senior management to suppress the corporate accounting management system Use of leverage was confirmed. And it has been proven that more corporate fraud starts from scratch, and one problem of internal audit is corporate responsibility than corporate accounting (O'Gara, J.D., 2004). According to the Committee's decision, discuss at least annually, with management and independent certified public accountants, the major financial reporting issues and decisions related to the preparation of the company's financial statements, including: (B) significant financial reporting issues and judgments relating to the preparation of financial statements prepared by management or an independent certified public accountant, and (c) regulatory and accounting plans for the financial statements of the company and the balance sheet Structural influence The main purpose of this paper is to explain the importance of the relationship between the most important functions in the framework of financial reporting accounting - the concept of reporting entity, general financial reporting and accounting standards. Understanding the relationship between these elements and accounting theory can ensure an understanding of rationality behind actual and future practices. One of accounting laws and accounting policies is international accounting standards. Based on the importance of understanding financial accounting and reporting, scholars standardized financial accounting and established the International Accounting Standards Committee (Pricewaterhouse Coopers, 2002). The IASC, now known as the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), was able to set international financial reporting standards. International financial reporting standards are applied worldwide and Europe, the United States and other countries are trying to comply with new standardized and unified accounting policies.

Fraudulent accounting, describes the legal and ethical issues for surrounding the company's audit suspected of cheating on the accounting by Andersen. In this case study, in my opinion, Anderson, there is a large factor in why the audit there is a suspicion of fraud on the accounting company. Since Athur Andersen did not consider cooperatives, Athur Andersen did things such as was done the accounting fraud. These four examples show how they manage fraud accounting. Top ethics is not good. Enron, WorldCom, Tyco International, Adelphia Cable, and ImClone are mere lists that began to engage in illicit accounting practices and began depriving company assets and other misconduct. The number of American political leaders has been convicted whether they are increasing almost every day. Looking for the root cause of these problems, Zogby International college elderly survey found that 97% said their research said they prepared them to take ethical behavior in the future . However, 73% of respondents said that the professor stated to them that it was not easy to achieve the unified standard of right and wrong, but relying on individual values ​​and cultural norms. For those who are familiar with the accounting fraud pension of CalPERS, the rapid increase in debt is not surprising. The explosive increase in debt was the result of the selection of accounting policies by the Board of Directors of CalPERS and initially restricted the scale of AAL reported at the expense of explosive growth as explained here. In order to understand the results, please be careful in the second column to measure the assets to be used for the payment of pension obligations ( "activity value of the asset" or "AVA"). In 2007, AVA was equivalent to $ 216 billion. Pension assets need to earn $ 439 billion more than doubling pension obligations over nine years. In that world there is no big difference in the benchmarks that are winning or losing at a small percentage. For at least 40 years, private nonprofit (Oh, really) financial accounting standards setter (FASB, I ASB) actively supports, despite the financial crisis that often arises from accounting firm scandals, I misunderstand and continue deceiving. And shocking revelations and criticisms often emerging in peer-reviewed accounting literature (emphasis on increase): Prior to the treasurer mark, the expression of asserted claims precedes (even through its "marker value") I will. It is no longer an abstraction or appearance of "real" ones. It is a pure simulation of itself, a circular reference to another model, itself a circular reference to the accounting flag.

Disadvantage: The manager is undergoing training. A good day, the shift is 12-16 hours. They can end with 18 to 20. Forcibly check out with the manager. If you leave without checking out, even if you work 14 hours, there are 4 attendance points. 8 AM to 11 PM Culture rewards us. Everything is possible. Work opportunities Basic wages Competitive wages. Average annual salary and boat staff will be paid at $ 9.97 per hour. Competitive workers pay an average of $ 10.55 per hour for manager's annual salary and salary for sales assistant. Short term cash incentives are based on annual performance assessment and corporate strategic performance. Targeted incentive payment This bonus is based on annual performance evaluation and the company's strategic achievement. Even in depression, they will pay bonuses since 1997. For employees with high salaries and salaries, the CEO has not paid more than they paid. On average, the CEO receives about 50% of basic pay as a bonus. However, these "bonuses" did not cause significant changes in the CEO's compensation. Comparison of CEO's annual inflation adjustment wage fluctuations from 1975 to 1988 with variance of randomly selected twenty hourly workers and salary workers' payrolls has a very similar distribution Indicated. In addition, during this time, the actual salary cut rate of the CEO was lower than that of the production workers. The average salary that most CEOs bring home is 531% more than the average hourly wage. "Chicago Times" reported that comparing hourly workers with the president and chief executive (CEO) of large companies comes from global executive marketing, so it is incorrect or not fair " . Repair of MCI WorldCom The value of large companies such as account books and stocks also dismisses employees due to the absence of economy and labor union, and at the same time it has become the CEO's bonus and the salary increase. After the workers were angered by the CEO, the workers suffered from pension schemes, retirement benefits, medical, dental and medical benefits, and their wage loss (Hightower, October 2001, 3)

Tyco International manages market change plans, cost increases and declines, inventory adjustments. All of these are done within one day of business. After that, some organizations have experienced scandals that have never recovered like Enron or WorldCom. In addition, organizations like Tyco International, who are experiencing scandals and economic difficulties, rebound by implementing new policies and procedures to make their work more ethical and productive, All made it possible to enter the league. Tyco International recognizes the management team and currently makes major changes to its structure and personnel. In response to this situation, Tyco has appointed William Litton, former International Paper Company's executive officer, as senior vice president and counsel attorney, on behalf of Irving Gutin, who served as an advisory lawyer after Mark Berwick resigned . Instead of Mark Swartz, David Fitz Patrick, he served as Finance Director of many excellent companies. Tyco also appointed Motorola former executive Edward Breen to Tyco International on behalf of Dennis Kozlowski (Tyco International's Board of Directors also agreed to reduce nine directors and nominate five people. As we continue to "clean the house", newcomers fill vacancies. According to the announcement announced on January 13, 2006, Tyco International is divided into three divisions: Tyco Healthcare, Tyco Electronics, Tyco Fire & Security, and Tyco Engineered Products & Services (TFS / TEPS). Each company has its own independent business and each has its own board of directors, board of directors and financial structure. As of February 6, 2007, Tyco has raised $ 41 billion in revenue and currently employs about 250,000 people in various countries. Tyco International is divided into three major companies, but its net profit growth rate is still as high as 43% due to the huge demand for electronic products and safety equipment, and profit growth is about 793 million It is US dollar. The company's profit from continuing operations rose 37 cents per share - this was better than Wall Street's expectation

Fraud in financial statements is to deceive those who forged counterfeit balance sheets, income statements, and cash flow statements, as it seems - and read them. Fraudsters may be for personal benefit or to facilitate business smoothly. False financial statements are one type of accounting fraud. They may involve multiple crimes including securities fraud and false certificate Naturally, many people are conducting financial statement fraud for personal benefit. It is in their own interests to exaggerate revenue in the income statement if their bonus depends on how much revenue their department brings. If the company's performance is not good, management can explain the other situation by preparing false financial statements. Management of fraud is not necessarily a wealthy planner. The business owner can operate the account to make the company healthier for investors and lenders. You can accomplish this by exaggerating the value of your income or assets or underestimating your company's debt or debt. We will report revenue that does not exist in sales, such as booking a general customer for the next purchase. Value of counterfeit assets If the stock investment loses its value, the company should reflect it on the balance sheet. Failure to do so will make the company's assets more valuable. People involved in fraud often use various techniques. They may also commit other types of fraud. Audit and fraud experts state that employers can use several warning signs to identify potential threats. Regardless of whether you are looking for another company or within your own company, the red flag is applied. If you believe that something is going wrong, please contact the auditor. However, it is best to set it to prevent fraud. Strong internal control is essential. For example, a person reviewing a statement should not be the person who wrote the statement. Employee's hotline will make reporting suspicious behavior easier. And always listen to your instinct. If you feel something is wrong, you can ask a question; if the answer is not added, start digging deeper. Normally, when an owner or administrator of a company reports erroneous financial data, it is called a financial statement fraud. In most cases, the purpose of financial statement fraud is usually that the auditor or audit team can not find misuse or an important misstatement even if the financial statements are audited. As technology advances and financial transactions become more and more frequent, it may be difficult to accurately and thoroughly monitor misuse of financial statements. As mentioned earlier in this article, the financial statement fraud is intended to be used intentionally or intentionally by internal company personnel by using false or misleading information in the financial statements that may cause damage or injury in some way It can be defined as misconduct. Creditors, investors and potential employees Financial statement fraud Enron, WorldCom, and Tyco fraud plans all contain financial statement fraud. This type of fraud is the most expensive one per plan (the median loss is one million dollars), but it is also not the most common. This usually involves forging the organization's financial statements by exaggerating incomes and underestimating debt and expenses. In nine out of ten cases, the answer is obvious: cold cash. The reason is obvious. Thieves who work for test tube wholesalers will face several challenges to challenge the illegal benefits in the black market; rogue employees working in coal mines do anything good I need to steal a lot of things. But everyone spends money Fraud in financial statements is to deceive those who forged counterfeit balance sheets, income statements, and cash flow statements, as it seems - and read them. Fraudsters may be for personal benefit or to facilitate business smoothly. False financial statements are one type of accounting fraud. They may involve multiple crimes including securities

Martha Stewart Chief Executive Officer of Omnimedia to (CEO) Martha Stewart Stewart, I am writing in order to address some of my concerns about the future of you, Martha Stewart Omnimedia (MSO). Perhaps one of the problems you are currently working on is the Imclone scandal. Based on internal information, you are accused of selling Imclone shares worth $ 217 000. Because of the allegations of these insider trading, your critics always has been tied you to the officer of another disgrace companies: Enron of Kenneth Lay and WorldCom of Bernard Ebbers. Martha Stewart, Martha Stewart Living Omni media, and entrepreneurs and best-selling author of the founder is winning the Emmy Award television presenter is the most trusted lifestyle expert and teacher in the United States. Millions rely on Martha Stewart of people as a useful source of information of "how to" information, and provides all aspects of daily life - food, entertainment, gardening, home repair, collection, organization, production, holiday Day, healthy life and pets. In May 2014, Martha Stewart's cooking school received the James Beard outstanding series, studio or location award. Over the years, MSLO's extensive TV program portfolio has won 18 Emmy awards, including the 2010 and 2011 superior lifestyle consecutive Emmy awards. Martha Stewart Chief Executive Officer of Omnimedia to (CEO) Martha Stewart Stewart, I am writing in order to address some of my concerns about the future of you, Martha Stewart Omnimedia (MSO). Perhaps one of the problems you are currently working on is the Imclone scandal. Based on internal information, you have been accused of selling Imclone shares worth $ 217 000 Martha has launched a company called Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia, Chairman, Chairman and CEO. Martha's company started listing on the stock exchange at 18 dollars per share and increased to 38 dollars at the end of the deal, so she became a billionaire in the paper. Because of ImClone 's insider trading, Martha suffered from her career retreat. But in 2005 she returned with the "Resurrection Movement". Despite many criticisms, Martha showed good humor and generosity. Having regained her power and rebuilding the business empire represents her enthusiasm for commitment and work. 1991, Martha Stewart, Inc. Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia, Inc., releasing her magazine Martha Stewart Living. Stewart's lifestyle empire grew rapidly in two magazines, a checkout size recipe publication, a popular cable show, a syndicated newspaper column, a series of guidebooks, a radio show, and an internet site. And annual retail sales are $ 763 million. On 19th October 1999, the most famous housewife in America returned to Wall Street and met her company through a new listing on the New York Stock Exchange. Finally, Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia, Inc. raised over 95% of the stock price of 72 million shares, raising nearly 130 million dollars. Stewart himself controls 96% of the company's voting shares.

Antitrust Law and Microsoft: Whether the results prove the means. Everyone using a computer today may have heard of Microsoft, the manufacturer of Microsoft Windows. In recent years, Microsoft has claimed to be engaged in monopolistic and anti-competitive unfair business practices and has been involved in many antitrust lawsuits as Microsoft's software dominates the market . At the end of these procedures, we found that Microsoft violated the federal antitrust law. Today, William Gates' Microsoft is a standard for PC software and operating systems around the world, and it is being sanctioned against violating antitrust and antitrust sentences. They are condemned to illegal and carelessly asking computer manufacturers to use Microsoft's Internet Explorer as part of the Windows operating system to monopolize the browser market. Small service companies such as Netscape, America Online, AT & T WorldCom are victims of these demands, are allied with the US Senate and officially condemn Microsoft Essay / Congressman of Microsoft Senate Research Committee The antitrust law recently attracts attention because the most famous Microsoft is involved. Through the interests of the media to this particular company and the conditions of the legislature, we have learned more about the legislation of the Antimonopoly Act. The purpose of this article is to analyze the Antimonopoly Act related to the well-known Microsoft antitrust law. The claim of this white paper is that Microsoft abuses monopoly and monopolizes it in the field of PC operating system. The lawsuit against Microsoft and the current pending Microsoft is involved in the anti-trust department of the US Justice Department and the 19 US state prosecutor presidents. The subject of this subject is whether Microsoft violated anti-monopoly law and used its monopoly in the Windows operating system to eliminate competition and harm consumers. By making higher prices and lowering the quality of software, the federal government is harmful to citizens, The problem of Microsoft's antitrust law began in 1990 when the Federal Trade Commission began to investigate whether it violated Sherman and Clayton's Antitrust Act. In response to the 1994 ruling, Microsoft agreed to use the consent law as a way to settle the government's antitrust case lawsuit and agree not to participate in specific practices. If Microsoft agrees with each computer, they will be 60% discount of the original equipment manufacturers on the sale of MS-DOS and other operating systems, they will pay royalties, whether Microsoft operating system or not We have sold, concluded a settlement agreement. Microsoft can specify the minimum number of operating systems that a retailer must purchase and can also sign long term contracts. This eliminates the possibility of new operating systems becoming popular as competitors need to build systems faster than Microsoft and win vendors. Essay.com / says "We should break Microsoft's monopoly." Use economic theory and evidence on monopoly and competitive welfare effects to evaluate this claim. "Microsoft exclusivity should be broken" Please use the economic theory and evidence on the welfare effect of monopoly right and competition to evaluate this claim.

Vitamix Revenue Recognition - "Special Case" Accurate revenue recognition is important as it directly affects the quarterly income statement, incentive calculation, investor confidence, and perception of the organization's financial situation. Enron and the WorldCom scandal show the importance of income to the financial health of the company and how dangerous it is. (Labaton, 2006) To maintain consistency between organizations, the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has developed revenue recognition guidelines based on the standards published by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) I will. The Revenue Recognition Guide helps mid-market companies to apply a new revenue recognition model to the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 606 "Contracts with Customers". ASC 606 provides a powerful framework for identifying revenue and uses US GAAP (legacy GAAP) to replace almost all existing revenue recognition guidelines, including industry-specific guidelines, with the effective date . In May 2014, the FASB issued guidance on ASC 606 "Revenue Recognition - Customer Contract Revenue", which revised guidance on former ASC 605 "Revenue Recognition". The central principle of this standard is to recognize revenue when promised goods or services are transferred to customers. Amounts reflect the expected price received for those goods or services. This standard also requires additional disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The company plans to adopt the criteria that came into effect on January 1, 2018. The subject of this study was 'recognition of income based on US accounting standards and international financial reporting standards'. Revenue is the largest item in the financial statements and the problem of revenue recognition is the most important and difficult problem faced by standard setters and accountants. The revenue recognition requirement of US GAAP is different from the revenue recognition requirement of IFRS, both of which are thought to need improvement. US GAAP includes a wide range of revenue recognition concepts and a number of industry or transaction specific requirements that may result in different accounting for economically similar transactions. Although IFRS does not have much guidance on revenue recognition, the two main criteria, revenue of IAS 18 and construction contract of IAS 11, are difficult to understand and may be difficult to apply to simple transactions. In addition, there is no guidance on important topics such as revenue recognition of multi-factor contracts. Recognition of revenue Recognition of revenue depends on specific facts and circumstances, as well as different industry-specific accounting principles and practices, so the auditor is usually based on the auditor's understanding of the company and its environment, including revenue composition Create an audit procedure. Attributes and industry-specific considerations If the identified fraud risk includes incorrect revenue recognition, the auditor should also consider the following:

Adelphia Cable "Adelphia is the nation's leading cable company with more than 3 million residential users nationwide.Adelphia offers digital cable TV, high-speed Internet connection, long distance telephone service, home security in addition to cable entertainment I am doing it. "(Adelphia). The company's leadership is currently comprised of 18 officers. There are officials in each of the five areas Adelphia covers. One of the following: Human Resources, Finance, Customer Service, Marketing, Programming, Media Services, Chief Accountant and Information Technology. Top ethics is not good. Enron, WorldCom, Tyco International, Adelphia Cable, and ImClone are mere lists that began to engage in illicit accounting practices and began depriving company assets and other misconduct. The number of American political leaders has been convicted whether they are increasing almost every day. Looking for the root cause of these problems, Zogby International college elderly survey found that 97% said their research said they prepared them to take ethical behavior in the future . However, 73% of respondents said that the professor stated to them that it was not easy to achieve the unified standard of right and wrong, but relying on individual values ​​and cultural norms. In a series of disclosures from March 2002 to June 2002, Adelphia Communications Corporation announced that it hid $ 2.6 billion in debt. At that time, Adelphia was the sixth largest cable operator in the United States. The Rigas family, which owns a controlling interest in Adelphia, also owns several other companies ("Rigas Entities") also engaged in cable television. The Rigas entity is managed by Adelphia. In addition, Adelphia subsidiaries and Rigas entities borrowed funds under a mutual loan agreement, so that all parties are jointly and jointly and personally responsible for borrowing, regardless of who deducted funds I will. In other words, the obligation is not as a contingent liability, but as an obligation of the Adelphia subsidiary (therefore as part of Adelphia's consolidated obligation). Obviously, TiVo has a huge chances opportunity. What if the Comcast, Adelphia, Cox, and other major cable companies just distribute TiVo to customers? This is not a home run for TiVo and cable companies - will this new service allow customers to get many new revenue sources to guide customers? In addition, integrated with the cable box, the TiVo product itself will also be better. You sell the entire company to Comcast, but not selling the company, selling great products ... and others may have excellent products (or even worse) This product is based on Comcast's technology It was better appreciated by the team). In addition, if you are already trading with Comcast, Adelphia, Cox etc., Comcast will not evaluate the earnings of the previous Comcast (because it disappears after Comcast is acquired), independent assessment will be greatly reduced. (Rarely sold out)

Expertise is quite proficient in the market and we believe that Enron can grow exponentially. We asked Enron to provide estimates that suppliers and industry consumers would not bear and used future markets to provide better commodity prices than seen in the open market. He began to buy and sell natural gas in advance at a fixed price in Enron. At this point, the energy is deregulated, a concept that is reasonable for many suppliers and industry consumers (BBC, Enron: Timeline). In the Enron case, Enron (trading of natural gas and electricity) and its accounting firm Arthur Andersen (published at the end of 2001) were involved in fiscal scandal. Enron entered bankruptcy of Enron in November 2001 after a series of disclosure on informal accounting treatment was done through the 1990s. Enron filed bankruptcy on December 2, 2001. As the scandal approached, Enron's stock price fell from less than 50 cents to 50 dollars. Enron's plunge occurred after most revenue and revenue disclosures were the result of a transaction with a special purpose entity (the limited partnership it controlled). As a result, many of the debts of Enron and the losses they incurred are not reported in the financial statements. In addition, the scandal caused confusion In addition to being the biggest bankruptcy restructuring in the history of the United States, the Enron scandal is undoubtedly the biggest audit failure. It involved Enron and its auditor Arthur Andersen's fiscal scandal. And it was revealed at the end of 2001. This scandal led to the dissolution of Arthur Andersen, one of the top five accounting firms in the world. After a series of disclosures, including informal accounting procedures throughout the 1990s, Enron applied for bankruptcy protection in December 2001. Enron scandal, a series of events, resulted in the bankruptcy of Enron, a US energy, commodity and service company, and the dissolution of Arthur Anderson law firm, one of the world's largest auditing and accounting firms. The collapse of Enron over $ 60 billion in assets involves one of the largest bankruptcy filings in the history of the United States and creates many controversies and legislation aimed at improving accounting standards and practices, and the impact of the sustainable financial world It was. At the time, the collapse of Enron was the world's biggest corporate bankruptcy finance world (after that, WorldCom, Lehman Brothers, Washington Mutual Bank could not surpass it). Enron's scandal has raised concerns about accounting and corporate fraud as shareholders lose $ 74 billion in the four years before bankruptcy and their employees lost billions of dollars in pension benefits. As one researcher says, the Sarbanes - Oxley Act is a mirror image of Enron. The company believes that failures in corporate governance are in fact commensurate with key provisions of the bill (Deakin and Konzelmann, 2003)