Flood Forecasting: Disaster Risk Management Initiative
[2023-12-23 00:56:05]
As an unstructured measure, flood prediction (emissions, water level, flow rate etc) is an important part of flow control and water management. Worldwide, flood disasters account for about one third of all natural disasters in terms of volume and economic loss (Berz, 2000). As Dutta and Herath (2004) stated, 40% of the world's flooding in the past 30 years occurred in Asia and Southeast Asia, the second worst in Asia.
Disasters can be broadly divided into two categories. The first is natural disasters such as floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes. Although it is impossible to prevent natural disasters, risk management measures (avoidance of disasters and appropriate planning, etc.) may be useful. The second category is an artificial disaster such as dangerous goods spill, infrastructure failure, bioterrorism, devastating IT vulnerability, or implementation failure. In such cases, supervision, testing, and mitigation plans are very valuable.
Floods are the most common natural disaster, the leading cause of death from natural disasters worldwide. Due to deforestation and population near coastal areas, river basins, lakeside, the risk of catastrophic losses due to floods is high. The purpose of this review is to explain the impact of flood events on population mortality, injury, and immigration and identify as much as possible the risk factors associated with these results. This is one of five comments on the impact of natural disasters on humans.
Influence of floods on humans: historical review of events from 1980 to 2009 and systematic literature review
Disaster management refers to a way to protect or protect the maximum number of lives and property in natural disasters. Disaster management programs are multilayered to deal with floods, hurricanes, fires, explosions, even large scale public works failures, or rapid disease spread. Due to its unique geographical and climatic conditions, India was historically vulnerable to natural disasters. Floods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes, landslides are repeated phenomena. Approximately 59% of the land is prone to earthquakes of varying strength, more than 40 million hectares of land are prone to flooding, about 8% of the area tends to be a cyclone, and 69% of the area is susceptible to drought. Between 1990 and 2000, an average of 4,344 people lost their lives every year, and about 30 million people were affected by the earthquake disaster.
Annual average losses due to earthquakes, tsunamis, tropical cyclones and floods are hundreds of billions of dollars, and disaster risk management requires only $ 6 billion per year. The goal is to mobilize 100 billion dollars annually by 2020 to meet the needs of developing countries and to mitigate climate-related disasters. Strengthening elasticity and resilience in more vulnerable areas such as landlocked countries and island countries must involve efforts to raise awareness and integrate measures into domestic policies and strategies. Due to political will and various technical measures, it is still possible to keep the global average temperature rise to 2 ℃ above the level before industrialization. This requires urgent collective action