Natural and Man-Made Disasters, and How to Manage Them Properly
[2023-10-30 19:29:46]
It includes plans, structures and arrangements to fulfill the normal efforts of government, autonomous and private agencies to respond to urgent needs in a comprehensive and coordinated way (Moe and Pathranarakul, 2006). Emergency management is a comprehensive comprehensive plan for preparing, reacting, restoring, and mitigating emergencies and all disasters (Pellegrin, 2012). Important elements of preparation for disaster management: the preparatory phase is "when you put everything on paper" (Kahn, 1995).
Disasters can be either natural or artificial. Artificial disasters are intentional (such as vandalism or terrorism) or unintentional things (that is, accidental things such as the destruction of artificial dams). The weather may not be the only disaster. They may include other forms of human expression such as Internet threats or theft. Natural disasters are major adverse events caused by natural disasters on the planet. Examples of natural disasters include floods, tsunami, tornadoes, hurricanes / cyclones, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, heat waves, landslides, and so on. Other types of disasters include cosmic scenarios than asteroids hit the Earth.
An artificial disaster is not a natural disaster caused by a natural disaster but a disaster caused by an artificial disaster (a threat due to human intention, negligence or error, or a human system). Artificial harm and disasters are sometimes called artificial disasters. On December 26, 2004, one of the most serious natural disasters in record history hit Southeast Asia. The greatest earthquake hit the whole Indian Ocean in the last 40 years. A huge earthquake of magnitude 3 occurred on the west coast of Sumatra in Indonesia and hit many coastal areas including Thailand, India, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Malaysia, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Indonesia. The official number of deaths due to the tsunami of Boxing Day in the affected countries is about 230,000 people or is still missing.
Disaster literature usually begins with a clear distinction between nature and human affairs. The former includes hydrological climatic disasters (hurricanes, floods, droughts, etc.) and geophysical disasters (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, etc.). Traditionally, the latter is labor accident and war. However, the disaster is not just a dichotomy, it is a continuum between the natural poles and the artificial poles. This intermediate terrain is common to many disasters for two reasons. The first is physical interaction. For example, if a hurricane destroys industrial facilities, causing oil spills and release of toxic chemicals, this disaster has both natural and human factors. The second reason is to filter the social structure of disaster vulnerability. With the words of George Orwell, when disasters occur, some people will be more equal than others.
In Hurricane Katrina, an estimated 100,000 to 300,000 people may eventually evacuate forever. Due to the strong storm, the labor market was ruined with 8 times of parish, supporting the employment of 617,300 people (Randolph 2005, 1 A).