X-RAY LASER AND APPLICATIONS

Introduction of X-ray Laser and Application Laser equipment is a common technology widely used in daily life and plays an important role in industrial and modern laboratories. The basic idea of ​​the laser system appeared in Einstein's research in 1917 [1]. Basically, Einstein noticed that the inversion from the low energy level of the population to the atomic energy level could lead to the amplification of incident radiation. However, the first laser system was built only by Theodore Maiman in 1960 [2].

In the 1980s, an X-ray laser device was proposed as part of the strategic defense plan of the Reagan administration, but nothing was done with the device's only test (laser "explosion" or death line, thermonuclear explosion powered) It was not obtained. Please check the result. For technical and political reasons, the whole project (including X-ray laser) was canceled (later resumed as a national missile defense system using various technologies by the Bush administration). Phase contrast X-ray imaging refers to various techniques for imaging soft tissue using phase information of a coherent X-ray beam. It has become an important method for visualizing cellular and tissue structure in a wide range of biological and medical studies. Several techniques have been used for X-ray phase contrast imaging. They use different principles to transform the phase change of X-rays present in the object into intensity changes.

X-ray Laser and its Applications 1. Introduction Laser equipment is a common technique widely used in daily life and plays an important role in industrial and modern laboratories. The basic idea of ​​the laser system appeared in Einstein's work in 1917. Basically, Einstein noticed that the inversion from the low energy level of the population to the atomic energy level could lead to the amplification of incident radiation. - Paul Simon's silence voice Like all other art pieces, this poem is a subjective truth, a complex image clue, a surreal but real expression, and a "creation like Virginia Woolf" "In fact" In Canon's literature, good poetry usually has a beautiful structure, image, meaning and relevance, art not only has personal necessities but also in social and cultural conflict.

In addition to treatment, X-rays have many other uses. Physicists are currently using X-ray lasers to detect structures of crystals and atoms. In 1949, a group led by Herbert Friedmann of the Naval Research Laboratory installed several small Geiger counters on the captured German V - 2 rocket and detected radiation and launched it. 50 miles in the air. From this and other experiments, scientists have discovered that the sun and stars radiate X-rays This discovery has helped us find the distant galaxies. Biologists use X-ray microscopes to image small organisms and cellular structures that can not be detected with normal microscopes