Words and Morphemes

In order to describe the form of a word and a language expression (phrase, sentence, text) in a morpheme morpheme language, it is necessary to understand how these complex expressions are composed of a small part and, finally, Must describe the atomic formation of the language. The term morpheme is used to refer to an atom in the form of a language. In most languages ​​there is a word like the English word "word", but this first appeared when we considered the smallest language object we considered. However, there are two reasons to reject "word" as the minimum unit of language. The word "word" is ambiguous and points to at least three different objects.

A translation loan or calques is a "word unit" (translation morpheme) for translating a specific foreign language or expression. In this case, the concept is borrowed from a foreign language, but it is expressed in native vocabulary units (online 7). As Longman Applied Linguistics Dictionary points out, another interpretation of interpretation of translation loan or meter reading is "borrowing where each morpheme or word is translated into equivalent morphemes or words of another language." (1992: 78) In other words, you can borrow a word from various languages ​​such as Latin, Greek, Spanish, Arabic, Celtic, Scandinavian. There are two ways to borrow. It is direct and indirect. In addition, you can see that there are mainly four types of borrowing: voice, translation loan, or curl, semantic and morpheme borrowing

Morphology is a study of words. Morphemes are the smallest unit of meaning and can not be further subdivided. There are two main types of freedom and restraint. Free morpheme can appear separately and bound morpheme must appear with another morpheme. An example of a free morpheme is "bad" and an example of a binding morpheme is "ly". It makes sense, but it can not be isolated, so it is constrained. To create a word, it must be attached to another morpheme. When we talk about words, there are two groups: vocabulary (or content) and functional (or grammar) words. Vocabulary is called an open class word that includes nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs. You can periodically add new words to the group. Function words or closed classes are conjunctions, prepositions, articles and pronouns, and new words can not be added to this class (rarely).