Why you can smell rain—even though it's odorless

Did you notice a distinctive smell when the early summer rain fell to the dry and dry ground? I have memories of my childhood as a member of my family, but they are farmers and they explain how to always smell rain before the storm.

Of course, the rain itself does not smell. However, at the moment before it rained, the smell of "soil" called "petrichor" penetrated into the air. People call it musk.

This smell is actually coming from the moisture of the ground. Australian scientists first recorded the formation of Pericol in 1964 and scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology further studied the process mechanism in 2010.

Petri-call is a combination of aromatic compounds. There are also derived from vegetable oil. The main contributor to the oil company is actinomycetes. These small microorganisms are also found in rural areas, urban areas, and marine environments. They break down dead or decomposed organic matter into simple compounds and it becomes a nutrient to develop plants and other organisms.

A byproduct of that activity is an organic compound called geosmin which contributes to the smell of petit - shell. Geosmin is an alcohol such as alcohol. Alcohol molecules tend to have a strong odor, but the complex chemical structure of geosmine is particularly noticeable even at very low levels. Our nose can detect only a fraction of the earth's odor by a trillionth of an air molecule.

During long-term drying, the activation activity of Actinomycetes became late when it did not rain for several days. Before it rains, the air becomes more humid and the ground begins to get wet. This process accelerates actinomycete activity and helps to form more soil odorants.

If raindrops land on the ground, especially porous surfaces such as loose soil and rough concrete, there is the possibility of spilling out small particles called aerosols. Geosmin and other petroleum compounds that may be on the ground or potentially dissolved in raindrops are released in the form of aerosols and are brought to the surrounding area by the wind. If the rainfall is sufficiently large, the scent of pellicol may be scattered in the wind, and people can be noticed that it will soon rain.

After the storm, the ground began to dry and eventually the smell disappeared. This puts actinomycetes in a standby state and it helps to know when rain falls.

Tim Logan is an assistant professor of atmospheric science education at Texas A & M University. This article first appeared in the conversation

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