Why is it hot in summer and cold in winter?

This is all about the inclination of the axis of the earth. Earth is close to the sun in the summer and close to the sun in the winter, so many people think that the temperature will change. In fact, the earth is furthest from the sun in July and closest to the sun in January.

In the summer, the ray of sun hits the earth at a steep angle. Light does not diffuse so much, increasing the energy hitting a given point. In addition, it gives the earth enough time to reach the warm temperature on a long day.

In winter, sunlight hits the earth at a small angle. These rays are more dispersed and minimize hitting energy given points. In addition, long nights and short days prevent the earth from warming up. Therefore, we have winter!

Causes of the season - From Windows to the Universe Web site, "cause of the season" is explained using various levels of learning (beginner, intermediate, advanced). The text has hyperlinks (bold underlined words) to other related pages about seasonal themes.

Sky eyes, foot to the ground - This site is part of the Smithsonian Astrophysics Observatory, which uses science and the Internet as a daily classroom tool. It includes a series of online astronomy activities for children. You can read about the rotation and tracking of the earth by clicking the directory link at the bottom of the page.

A quarter of the Earth's spring equinox in 1992-2020, Solstices, Close Point and Aphelion - The website of the US Naval Observatory provides a list of season start dates through 2020. Please also look at the seasons and the orbit of the earth

Asimov, Isaac. Isaac Asimov's Earth and Space Guide. New York Random House. 1991.285 p. (questions and answers)

Campbell, Anne Janet. New York Public Library 's Great Earth Answer to Children New York, Wiley, 1996. 186 pages

Gutsch, William A. Jr. 1001 Everyone should understand the universe. New York, 2, 1998. 353 pages

Passage, Jay. Astronomy: From the earth to the universe, the sixth edition. Brooks / Cole - Thompson learning in the USA, c. 2002.1v. Each

Please search "Astronomy", "Earth", "Season", "Summer", "Summer solstice", "Weather", "Winter" or "Winter Solstice". At the Library of Congress library online

Autumn color of Blueberry Ridge near weather service office in Marquette, Michigan. From the National Weather Service website

Weather: The temperature of this biome varies greatly between summer and winter. It is hot in summer, cold in winter - colder than Santa Barbara! In the cold winter, the summer heat of the meadow is amazing! Sometimes the temperature exceeds 100 ° F (37.8 ° C). Rainfall in temperate grassland usually occurs from late spring to early summer. The annual average is about 20 - 35 inches (55 - 95 cm), but most of them are winter snowfall. The fire to the temperate prairie is not a foreigner. They are usually determined by thunder and human activity. The fire often swept the plains a little earlier, but still today it is still to some extent.

From Florida's tropical regions (hot and humid in the summer, warm and dry in the winter) to Alaska tundra (cold through the year), the climate varies from region to region. Most of the country is warm in summer and cold in winter. Some parts of the United States, such as parts of California, have a Mediterranean climate. America is a capitalist economy. This country is rich in mineral resources, there are many deposits of gold, coal and uranium. Agriculture has made the country one of the top producers of corn (maize), wheat, sugar and tobacco. America manufactures cars, airplanes and electronic equipment. Approximately three quarters of Americans are working in the service industry

California's cool summer and warm winters distinguish that city from other cities in that country. The southern city is hot and humid in the summer. Cities in the Midwest and eastern part are cold in winter and humid in summer. No one wants to go to Houston or Washington DC in the middle of the summer. By contrast, the average temperature in Los Angeles today is 74 degrees Fahrenheit and humidity is low. Climate change may reduce the ideal climate of Los Angeles. Leading climate researchers have developed two different models that enable you to predict the average temperature and rainfall in each of the United States from 2070 to 2099. The two computer models, the famous CCSM model and the H3A 1 FI model, brought bad news. By 2070, Los Angeles County is estimated to raise its average temperature by 13 degrees Fahrenheit in July.