Why is Hubel and Wiesel's Description of the Classical Receptive Field Inadequate for an Understanding of Visual Perception?

The ultimate goal of the visual perception system is to express visual scenes. In general it is believed that this requires the first "decomposition" to some "discrete subunit" of complex visual stimuli (De Valois & De Valois, 1980, p. 316) and can be further processed afterwards There. Brain In this way, the task of identifying these subunits and the means by which the visual system interprets sensory inputs is created. A visual scene analysis method that has been popular for many years is to use individual cortical cells as "feature detectors" with specific reaction criteria.

Two researchers at Harvard University, Hubel, David - (1926 -) and Torsten Wiesel (1924 -), received the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in information processing in the visual system. By recording the impulses of individual brain cells from cats and monkeys, Hubel and Wiesel showed that the specialized cells of the mammalian brain respond to the complex visual characteristics of the environment. James, William - (1842-1910) American philosopher and psychologist. James thinks that emotional experience comes from physical expression. For example, according to his view, people are very sad because they cry. Another researcher, Carl Lange (1834-1900) independently proposed the same emotional theory. The theory of James Lange was published in 1884 and James's iconic "principles of psychology" was published in 1890. He also wrote two other important work, the diversity of religious experience and pragmatism.

In the 1960's, David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel demonstrated the macroscopic columnar structure of the visual region of cats and monkeys and provided physiological evidence for the critical period of differential sensitivity development (ie, the main clue to depth perception) Did. Awarded the Nobel Prize. In 1996, Dolly was born as the first mammal cloned from adult cells. The process of cloning sheep Dolly uses a process called nuclear transplant applied by lead researcher Ian Wilmut. Other scientists can not immediately reproduce the experiment, but Wilmut thinks that the experiment is certainly reproducible given the period of more than a year.

A typical example of an important period is the Nobel Prize winning work by Hubel and Wiesel. Hubel and Wiesel (1970) showed cortical regions and thalamic regions (especially cells of the extraocular and lateral knee cells) that support binocular vision by suturing the eyes of a kittens at different times at different developmental stages. Kitten receives patterned visual stimulus from 4th week to 12th week of life. Otherwise it will not develop normally. They discovered that although the injury may be somewhat reversible depending on the exact duration and time of occlusion, it may result in irreversible blindness in the deprived eye.