What is Toxicology?

Toxicology is a scientific study of adverse effects caused by chemicals on living things. It includes the symptoms, mechanisms, observations and reports of detection and treatment of toxic substances, especially those related to human poisoning.

It includes naturally occurring environmental factors and compounds, as well as pharmaceutical compounds that humans synthesize for medical use. These substances can have harmful effects on living things such as growth pattern, discomfort, illness and death.

Dosage of substances is an important factor in toxicology since it has a significant relationship with the influence experienced by individuals. It measures the amount of chemical substances or substances it contacts, so it is the main means of analyzing the toxicity of chemical substances. When administered to an organism under appropriate conditions and dosage, all substances may be toxic.

LD 50 is a term commonly used in toxicology and refers to the dose of a substance that is toxic to kill 50% of the test population. In scientific research, rats or other alternatives are often used to determine toxicity and extrapolate the data to human use.

Traditional relationships between dose and toxicity have traditionally been accepted since more exposure to chemicals leads to a higher risk of toxicity. However, this concept has been challenged by studies of endocrine disrupting chemicals and may not be a direct relationship.

There are several toxicology fields called sub-disciplines or subspecialities, focused on specific aspects of toxicology. These include:

Chemical toxicology is a subspecies of toxicology that focuses on the structure of chemicals and how they affect their mechanism of action on organisms.

It is an interdisciplinary field that includes computational chemistry and synthetic chemistry, as well as people focused on proteomics, metabolomics, drug discovery, drug metabolism, bioinformatics, analytical chemistry, biochemistry and molecular epidemiology. It relies on technological progress to help understand the chemical composition of toxicology more thoroughly

Toxicology and pharmacology are studies that involve understanding chemistry and its effects on the body, but there are major differences in other areas.

Pharmacology focuses on the therapeutic effects of drugs and how they are most effectively used for medical purposes. In contrast, toxicology is more closely related to possible adverse effects on organisms that come into contact with chemicals. Toxicologists are also interested in using risk assessment tools to measure risk of specific substances.

Toxicologists are people who deal with materials and chemicals to study toxicology and to determine their toxic effects on the environment and organisms. Methodological and scientific people are very suitable for toxicology work

Toxicologists As well as sub-experts, toxicologists may also be focusing on specific areas of this field.

Forensic toxicology is the use of toxicology and analytical chemistry, pharmacology and other fields such as clinical chemistry, to support medical or legal investigations of death, addiction and substance abuse. The main focus of forensic toxicology is the acquisition and interpretation of the results, not the toxicological investigation or legal result of the technology being used. Toxicological analysis can be performed on various samples. Forensic toxicologists consider evidence collected at the crime scene that may narrow down the survey, such as the background of the investigation, in particular the recorded physical symptoms and vials, powder, trace residues and available chemicals need to do it. Forensic toxicologists provide this information and sample for use and must decide which toxic substances are present, their concentrations, and the possible influence these chemicals have on the human body not.

Toxicology is a chemical substance for graduate students, especially human poisoning. Toxicology involves studying symptoms, mechanisms, treatments, and tests of body poisoning. The chemical substance or drug can be biological, physical or chemical. With the development of toxicology and science, knowledge on the effects of harmful substances on the body continues to evolve. Forensic toxicology combines toxicology with similar fields including clinical chemistry and pharmacology to help investigate poisoning death (accidental or intentional) or drug abuse. Through samples, forensic toxicologists determine which harmful substances, concentrations, and substances affect the body.