What Factors Are Involved in the Increasing Prevalence of Type II Diabetes in Adolescents living in Sub-Saharan Africa?

These databases can be specific and can contain all the material in various fields. However, it is safe to remember that not all relevant articles are posted in the journal indexed by these databases (Bowling, 2009). Therefore, it is necessary to include gray unpublished literature as much as possible. First of all, it is important to decide whether to use primary research or secondary research. In the primary research, we tend to report the results directly, whereas in the secondary research we combine results from several preliminary studies.

There are few data on smoking prevalence and risk factors among young people in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) compared with other countries. This knowledge gap is exacerbated by the high burden of human immunodeficiency virus / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV / AIDS) in the area. As a result of increased access to antiretroviral therapy, the lifespan of people living with HIV increases, and the incidence and morbidity of chronic diseases are significantly increased, many of which are related to smoking.

The most advanced in sub-Saharan Africa is the slowest, about 23% of the population is malnourished, the highest prevalence in any region of the world. Nonetheless, the prevalence of malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa has declined from 33.2% in 1990-92 to 23.2% in 2014 - 16, but the number of undernourished population actually increased ( FAO et al., 2017). In South Asia including India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, the incidence of malnutrition has risen again from 9.4% in 2015 to 11.5% in 2016 (FAO et al., 2017). East Asia (China is the largest country) and Southeast Asia (including Indonesia, Philippines, Myanmar, Vietnam) greatly reduce malnutrition