West Africa during the Nineteenth Century

The Atlantic slave trade was abolished by the British Parliament in 1807. This brought a big problem to West African slave merchants who saw a considerable growth period in the industry at the end of the 18th century. They now have to focus on more legitimate and legitimate means of transaction. In many cases, the type of industry that replaces slave trade is agricultural products dominated by agricultural products such as palm oil. The potential problem faced by traders is exacerbated by agreement with other issues in West Africa's foreign trade. This is the British and French war, and the export demand of West Africa is very unreliable.

In the 19th century, there were many organized countries in West Africa. For example, after Usman dan Fodio's raid in the early 19th century, Hausa-Fulanis created a calif, the then largest state in Africa, with a wide range of textile industries and long distance trade. At the same time, the adjoining Borno Kingdom was the successor to the 16th century Kanem Vorno Empire, while in Guinea the Huta-Jaro State extended to a wide area and conquered the long-standing adjacent Guinea-Bissau in the 1860s. Empire

These larger countries may be exceptional in the 19th century, but the smaller communities in West Africa also have a long history of trade and contact with other countries. In the 19th century, West Africans lived in a complex and unstable political regime, but both men and women could play an important role. The difference between a society living in an organized country and a society living in a decentralized administration is to explain why African men and women respond differently to the arrival of colonial forces I can. Historians try to explain why some of them choose to fight, and most of them do not make the same choice or offer. In a society with little centralized government tradition, the local autonomy tradition is supposed to be unimaginable (eg living in a relatively small community of Niger deltas, Nigeria, Pisagos archipelago, Guinea-Bissau).

By the end of the 19th century no one knew Togo and Ghana until the 1950s, other colonies of West Africa in the 1960s, Spanish colonies of Western Sahara in the 1970s, or colonial rule of Portuguese Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde continued It was. Colonies For many Africans at the beginning of the 20th century, the existence of Europe is only temporary. In 2018, the African border was 83,500 kilometers (51,884 miles) in length. Except for Liberia and Ethiopia, most African borders were defined in Europe between the end of the 19th century and the end of the First World War. 44% of which are defined after the astronomical line (meridian and parallel), 30% after mathematical lines (arc and line), and 26% after the geographic representation (mainly rivers and mountains).