I think that illness is an important factor if native American is not the main factor to reduce population. Over time, there was always inequality in human evolution. In the process of evolution, different cultures and races progress faster than other cultures and races. The decline in the Native American population is due to the better, more effective supply of Europeans and the immunity of the diseases they bring.
But I also can imagine that noncultural factors are more important. For example, during the past 10,000 years, illness has become an important factor in the survival or replacement of the population. Imagine that the impact of this disease on Neanderthal people and other ancient people is different from that of modern humans. Evidence of selecting these ancient human immunity-related genes is now strong, and some of them may reflect important pathogens or parasites in population exposure of these populations.
It is common sense to understand human diseases caused by humans. The main factors that we can cite include ecological deterioration, poverty, and human conflict. Due to the enormous wealth and technological progress of some people this disease still exists. Technically, this can be explained by the big difference between the historical (cultural) heritage and many civilization phases in today's society, many of which can not survive in a single or imposed development paradigm maybe. However, in order for Darwin to understand the origin and composition of our biology, we need to think critically about our future.
Viral factors and human interactions may be an important factor in shaping human evolution, culture, civilization from the beginning. Due to the early stages of human species formation, evidence from the history of the disease indicates that the type of virus associated with humans changed with time. As the population advances technology, its number and density are increasing. As a result, various viruses have found conditions suitable for prosperity and construction of long-term relationship with people. Not all viral agents cause disease, but in reality it may be deemed useful, but overpopulation, current poverty situation and ecological imbalance are devastating to human progress There is a possibility of influence. Recent disease outbreaks causing pandemics (eg HIV - 1, HCV, dengue etc) are becoming a difficult challenge that may directly affect the fate of our species.