Margaret Atwood's maid story is done by strict rules and continuous monitoring in the "utopia" imposed by the government, but this system is not perfect. This utopia failed because it does not recognize that mankind needs a means of self expression. Lack of freedom of love you desire, wear what you want or create what you want, leading to social corruption and self destruction. Due to exhaustion of choice, people are no longer humans. In fact, all the decisions people make are expressing their personality, perhaps the clothes they are wearing and the music they hear, but in the end they hope that everyone will be loved and understood.
Frederick Jameson is a historical materialist in utopia and science fiction. One of the theories he announced in "utopian politics" is that Utopia's performance mediates the social structure of the society that is currently producing this expression form. This simply conveys more about the imaginary utopian society, not when it actually reads the utopia possibilities, for example when reading a utopia, for example a branch society. Looking at the sea of the story with Haroun, I guess this part is Rushdie 's response to his "Satan Psalm" (an article he released before Haroun) of Ayatollah Khomeni. Are we talking about Utopian society that accepts allegory, dream and lying values?
Normally, utopia is a self-sufficiency society separated from other parts of the world because it is difficult to create a complete society except small scale. This is the case of a classic novel titled "Utopia" written by Sir Thomasmore in 1516. In the novel there is a republic called Utopia on a fictitious island in the center of the Atlantic Ocean. Likewise, in a novel entitled "Dinosaur" by James Gurnney in 1992, a group of dead humans lived peacefully on an island with dinosaurs. The whole island society is based on mutual aid of man and dinosaur.
These early pioneers dreamed of a vivid dream of individualism, liberation, and self expression. They regard cyberspace as untouched utopia and these utopias can find perfect expressions of these anti-cultural values. These values inspired those who wrote a global catalog, founded Connected magazine, established Apple, and wrote the first part of the open network. Well, if you are participating in a TED conference in Silicon Valley or participating in the Davos conference, you need to call yourself an optimist. Most people who step into the TED stage must say that I am an optimist. Part of anti-cultural heritage is now very mainstream everywhere