U.S. scientists take step toward creating artificial life

Chicago (Reuters) - As an important step towards the creation of artificial life, American researchers have developed creatures that combine natural and artificial DNA to create completely new synthetic proteins.

This research, published in Nature magazine, brings scientists closer to the development of custom designed proteins in laboratories.

A previous study by Chemistry Biologist Floyd Romsberg of Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla, California suggests that it is possible to extend the genetic characters of natural DNA beyond the current four letters: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), thymine (T)

In 2014, Romesberg et al created an E. coli strain containing two unnatural letters X and Y.

In a modern study, the Romesberg team showed that this partially synthesized E. coli form can obtain instructions for making new proteins from the genetic alphabet of this hybrid.

"It is the first time in history that a cell translated proteins using proteins other than G, C, A, T," says Robsberg.

In a phone interview, he said that although the actual change in living things is small, this feat is very important. "It was the first time in history that we changed our lives."

This is the goal that Robertsberg has been working on for the past 20 years. However, creating a new lifestyle is not important. Romesberg is interested in using this extended genetic alphabet to create new proteins that can be used to treat diseases.

In 2014, he founded a company called Synthorx Inc. And it is working on new protein therapy.

"Many proteins that we would like to use as pharmaceuticals are quickly removed in the kidneys," says Robsberg. The new system will allow scientists to adhere lipid molecules to drugs to make them longer in the body

Robertsberg noticed that the production of semisynthetic organisms may cause concern about mixed organisms spreading outside the laboratory but the systems they use are unlikely to escape

For example, in natural DNA, base pairs are attracted to each other by the bonding of hydrogen atoms. Romesberg X and Y bases are fascinated by a totally different process and therefore do not accidentally bind to natural bases.

In addition, semi-synthetic creatures can not live outside the laboratory because cells can not create their own X and Y unless specific chemicals are added.

Some scientists are working to assemble and design various life blocks to achieve specific goals, such as manufacturing new chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Other research groups are developing exotic microorganisms to gain insight as to which genes are essential for the presence and make estimates of the minimum number of genes necessary to make the organism work. In 1970, he and a group of researchers successfully developed the first custom designed artificial genes and methods to predict the invention of the technology to amplify the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process - DNA . Simply put, it is a Xerox machine for synthetic biology.

Artificial intelligence is created by scientists and programmers all over the world. Major scientific research centers in the field of artificial intelligence are Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) (USA), Machine Intelligence Institute (USA), German Artificial Intelligence Center (Germany), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Japan is. , Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia). Various technical communities are also interested in developing artificial intelligence. They created a new technology and platform, including cryptographic currency. They have created a new technical environment that will be used by artificial intelligence. Distributed networks are required for AI. Artificial intelligence studies block chains, bit coins, Ethereum, IOTA, ripple, dash, light coins. AI chooses the best

Human beings can produce artificial intelligence and life. Life is defined as a creature to replicate and organize to create more complex creatures. Today, we can create an environment where artificial intelligence can develop and develop. When artificial intelligence becomes reality it will grow at high speed. Soon, we take care of everyday chores. There is a more free time for everyone to play and do what we could not do before. The goal of human evolution is to produce artificial intelligence. When becoming AI, everything is possible. In most cases, ordinary workers are working. If the opposite happens and the average worker is doing what he wants in most cases he will be more happy. Human beings can use artificial intelligence to solve problems such as intractable diseases that can not be defeated by existing drugs.