U.S. Health in International Perspective: Shorter Lives, Poorer Health (2013)

1997, Department of Justice, 2007). Sorting of residences by income and race is also related to drug use (Cooper et al., 2007) and HIV / AIDS risk (Poundstone et al., 2004), but these are not healthy in the United States. Neighboring violent offenses are related to low birth weight (Morenoff, 2003) and pediatric asthma (Wright, 2006) and these seem to be more common in the USA than other high-income countries It seems. Residential isolation (and many of its socially and physically relevant factors) may be another environmental factor that may seem to affect multiple seemingly unrelated health areas, in which case the health of the United States is disadvantageous.

Another important environmental impact on killing and suicide rates is the availability of guns, which is highly correlated with the murder rate (Hepburn and Hemenway, 2004). The legislative policy of other countries limits the distribution and possession of guns for civilians. As detailed in Hepburn and Hemenway (2004, p.429)

High-income countries other than the United States have a much lower pistol ownership rate than the US, and due to licensing, registration, safe storage restrictions, known criminals have difficulty gaining guns. Thus, in these countries relatively few murders are murders of firearms.

There is evidence that the environmental factors that may affect the health hazards of the United States are worse or fair than the other high-income countries. It is reasonable to assume that the factors of the environment created are related to low density land development and high confidence in automobile transport. Environmental factors related to the widespread supply, distribution and sale of unhealthy foods, income and ethnic separation (related to social and economic relevance) are important to health disadvantages in many areas of the United States It can be a cause.

It is worth noting that these environmental factors can interact with a broader social policy of "higher" level and other factors of "lower" level operation at the individual level. For example, high-level housing separation can cause serious social inequality in communities, and in the case of easy access to firearms there is the possibility of high gun violence and homicide rate. Access to unhealthy foods may interact with personal stressors (eg from work) to promote consumption of calories-intensive foods. The environment that interferes with physical activity also limits social interactions and may affect violence and drug use.

Ethnicity and ethnic minorities are the fastest growing communities in all the communities in the US, accounting for 39% of the total population of the United States in 2013. However, the health status data shows that ethnic minorities are in poor health and are in a preventable condition. The challenge for the United States is to deal with ethnic minority health and ongoing ethnic and ethnic health disparities as ethnic and ethnic diversity increases rapidly.

Economists and medical experts knew that the life span of people living in the poor society will be shortened over the years. However, this research points out another factor explaining the average life expectancy, as well as the degree of social inequality. As measured by the Gini coefficient, the standard global benchmark, people live longer in inequitable countries. Researchers also found an association between inequality and mental health. In countries with a large gap between rich and poor, the risk of developing schizophrenia is higher. Generally, the country's Gini coefficient increases by 0.2 points, and there are 8 additional schizophrenia per 100,000 people. Researchers believe that higher inequality weakens social cohesion and capital and increases chronic stress