tundra

The Tundra plain covers most of the land on the northern side of the conifer forest belt. The tundra's ecosystem is very sensitive. I have no resilience. It is managed by sedge, wasteland, willow, moss, lichen. Almost the same plain called Takayama tundra is on the forest line of the alpine mountain in the world. Even Antarctica itself has some unique Arctic regions. The tundra's climate is characterized by severe winter.

Tundra was found in the coldest part of the Earth. There are two types of moss: (1) the Arctic Circle where the Arctic Circle is located and the Antarctic Region where the Antarctica is located, (2) Alpine tundra is seen in the mountainous area, and trees do not grow (called the forest line It will be). . In the tundra winter it may fall to a minimum of -57 ° C (-126 ° C), but the minimum recorded temperature is -88 ° C. The average temperature of the arctic tundra around the Arctic is -34 ° C and the average summer temperature is usually 3-12 ° C. In the summer, snow-covered tundra begins to melt, allowing plant growth for 50 to 60 days and the formation of small ponds or ponds. Most of the snow on the surface dissolves in the summer, but under the surface there is always a permafrost layer called "permafrost".

Takayama Tundra has no trees, as the highland climate and soil impede the growth of trees. The difference between Takayama Tundra and Arctic Tundra is that Takayama tundra usually does not have permafrost, and Takayama soil generally drains better than Arctic soil. The alpine tundra migrates to the subalpine belt forest under the tree line; forest - the dwarven forest developed by tundra ecological trees is called Krummholz. Tundra climate is usually suitable for Köppen climate classification (ET). This is enough (0 ° C (32 ° F)) to melt the snow for at least 1 month at the average temperature, but never more than 10 ° C (50 ° F))