Transmission of the Plague to Humans

Pest infection is a bacterium that has been known to humans for centuries. Its survival mechanism in various species is extraordinary. The power of this bacterium depends on the operation of the host's immune system. Its survival in fleas and the use of fleas as a vector for other ideal hosts is used to characterize the true ability of this bacterium. This fleas are the main cause of other animals, especially human bacteria.

Pest spread, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Pest is a zoonoses infection caused by Yersinia pestis and its natural life cycle includes rodents and fleas. Plague can spread to humans by intimate contact with fleas, close contact with animals with plague, or respiratory droplets from infected animals. Patients with pulmonary plague can cause plague to be in intimate contact with severe cough. Bioterrorist attacks can also lead to the release of aerosols and epidemics via infected animals / fleas. Clinically, plague is characterized primarily by glandular plague, pneumonia or septicemia. Other rare forms of plague such as skin or gastrointestinal plague have also been reported. According to the World Health Organization guidelines, the plague can be diagnosed as a suspicious, presumpted or confirmed case based on various evidences. LAMP, loop mediated isothermal amplification; POCT, real time test

Pest is the most common form of plague and is caused by infected fleas. Y. musis enters from a bite and reaches the nearest lymph node through the lymphatic system where it replicates. Lymph nodes then develop inflammation, become nervous, accompanied by pain, and are called "inguinal lymphadenitis". At the late stage of infection, inflamed lymph nodes may become open pus filled with pus. The plague spread among people is rare. Although plague may progress and spread to the lungs, this is a more serious type of plague called pneumonia plague.

Researchers confirmed three types of plague characterized by different symptoms and infection routes. The gland plague, which is considered to be a major cause of medieval occurrence, causes pain in the groin, around the armpits and around the neck, and swollen lymph nodes (called inguinal lymph nodes). Sepsis plague spreads in the blood from contact with body tissues infected with flea bites or plague. Pneumonia (or lung) plague is the advanced phase of the glandular plague, and when the disease passes directly between people, droplets of air that have accumulated through the lungs