Transcultural Nursing

Introduction The diversity of the population of the world is that it is essential to tackle intercultural care for increasingly bigger tasks of nursing professionals and more importantly to understand this Did. Solving this problem can promote equality in comprehensive nursing practice to avoid discrimination and to meet patient needs. Healthcare professionals should be qualified to provide experienced care and delicate technical communication to culturally diverse people every day (Maier-Lorentz, 2008).

The concept of lactating cultural diversity was first established in 1955 by Madeleine Rininger, one of the pioneers of intercultural care. As a field of knowledge, the cultural diversity of care, also known as intercultural care, is designed to provide nurses with the necessary knowledge to provide culturally appropriate care ( Lowe & Archibald, 2009). Madeleine Leininger believes in the diversity and universality of cultural care. Therefore, he established intercultural care from 1955 to 1975. Madeleine improved the concept of intercultural care through the "sunrise model". From 1975 onwards, the concept continues to expand. In 1966, the University of Colorado launched a cross-cultural nursing program. The concept was later established internationally in 1983 (Lowe & Archibald, 2009).

In her first two books, nursing and anthropology (1970) and intercultural nursing: concepts, research, practice and rationale were used to create intercultural care. The third edition of Intercultural Nursing (2002) by Leininger and McFarland provides the theoretical research and practice of intercultural nursing scholars in various cultures and is the ultimate comprehensive intercultural nursing. This theory provides new educational content and methods to respond to various, ignored cultures of immigrants and refugees. A sunrise model is created (Leininger, 1997), it selects factors that affect care and finds factors related to cultural stress, pain, racial prejudice, and negative behavior that do not have a therapeutic effect on the client Can be used for. The aim of this theory is to use the findings to provide culturally consistent, safe and meaningful care to clients of different or similar cultures.

Leininger's theory on diversity and universality of cultural care and intercultural care (REF) in the United States has developed greatly. Intercultural Nursing magazine first appeared in 1989 and then published in the Journal of Cultural Diversity recently published in the 1993 Journal of Multicultural Nursing (REF). The Cross-Cultural Nursing Association was founded in 1974 with members and publications with advanced concept of care and strategy (REF) on a global scale. In 1998 Leinge was admired as "American Legend" by American College of Nursing (Murphy, 2006). In 2006, the American College of Nursing Academy of Nursing acknowledged the cultural ability of American nurse training course (Calvillo, Clark, Bellantyne, Pacquiao, Purnell & Villarruel, 2009). Intercultural care has been widely used in many fields including education, research, community and health promotion, obstetrics and gynecology, mental health and primary care.