Trade: A Key Factor in Leading the Rise of Civilizations

Trade is exchanging supplies with two or more people. Trade brings not only resources that the empire can not provide for itself and security, but it also brings various ideas, skills and philosophy that the empire can take to further strengthen itself . In addition, trade encourages communication and multicultural integration to build good relations with other empires. In general, trade brought more ally and reduced bleeding to the empire. For all of these extra, positive trade facets, trade is one of the main factors in the peaks of civilization like the West African Ghana Empire, the East Asian Tang Dynasty, and the Holy Roman Empire.

Indian Ocean trade has always been an important factor in the East-West exchange in history. The long-distance trade of Dow and Yacht is a dynamic area of ​​interaction between people and culture and civilization, from Jawa in the East to Zanzibar in the west and Mombasa. The cities and states at the end of the Indian Ocean face Yanus. They look inside the ocean so that they are inland. Early in Harappan's middle stage (2600 - 1900 BC), there is an extensive maritime trade network between Halapan and the Mesopotamian civilization, the project being handled by "Dilmun's mediator" (modern Bahrain and Persian Gulf) It was. Failaka)). This long distance maritime trade has become feasible in the development of wooden construction vessels with a single central mast supporting woven sails and cloth

Trade also plays a decisive role in Central Africa and East Africa. Here, the Indian Ocean trade between Africa, Arabia and India has brought the rise of coastal city states. The trade route spreads to the inside, and a wealthy and powerful Shona Kingdom was born, centered on the famous Greater Zimbabwe center. Two foreign ship's visited the African coast. In the early 15th century, a large Chinese fleet visited Swahili ports on the Indian Ocean coast off East Africa. In the middle of the century, the first Portuguese vessel arrived at the coast of West Africa. Considering the fact that Chinese vessels have not yet returned, and the number of Portuguese ships is much less (and its size is much less than that of a large Chinese ship), it is a trade in that area Has begun.

One of the main drivers of trade activities between China and Japan in the 18th century was the expansion of the middle class of the city and the accompanying growth of the consumer market. China imports rice and tropical forest products from the mainland and the sea, and from Southeast Asia to support the rapidly growing population and the consumer culture created by the rapid economic development of Beijing and the southern coastal areas. The growing demand for Japanese consumer markets has stimulated the import of sugar and Indian textiles. Due to restrictions on trade, imports are insufficient to respond to increasing demand, resulting in domestic cotton, silk, and the (final) sugar industry emerging.