Tracing Human migration paths through Mitochondrial DNA

How humans spread all over the world remains a mystery in the history of mankind. Mitochondrial DNA is an important experimental evidence for the development of the current understanding of our genetic history. It provides important information for identifying demographic patterns and population movements around the world. Research on mitochondrial DNA provides new insights into how humans spread across the globe. Studies have shown that East Africa's two main routes are those who colonize the world off Africa.

Studies on human mitochondrial DNA are common in Africa, originating in the southwestern part of the coastal border of Namibia and Angola, with coordinates of about 12.5 ° E, 17.5 ° S, and divergence path of about 37.5 ° E It has shown to have ancestry. . Close to the Red Sea, 22.5 ° N. The specific DNA haplogroup, Haprogroup L2 was between 87,000 and 107,000 years ago, or roughly. 90,000 YBP Due to its age and wide distribution, and the diversity of the continent it is difficult to confidently track the exact origin of Africa, but the origin of several second groups in West Africa and Central Africa is West Africa It seems to be the highest. Most of the subcategories are limited mainly to West Africa and Midwest Africa.

In the early 1990's, research on mitochondrial DNA research by Allen Wilson and Rebecca Kann confirmed the "outside African" theory. And it showed that all men finally came from a woman: Mitochondrial Eve. Today, most scholars have accepted the evolution of human beings in Africa and emigration to the outside, but that may be repeated. However, according to recent evidence, it is suggested that there is a sexual interaction between Hss and Denisovans and Neanderthals.

Among the simplest genes that are tracked in this way are something that we find in our mitochondrial DNA, not the DNA of our nucleus - we will translate this DNA directly from our mother I succeed. Researchers concluded that the latest common ancestor of our mitochondrial DNA (MRCA) was found in Africa from 100,000 to 150,000 years ago. This person's name is "Mitochondria Eve". It is worth noting that other men and women who survived at the same time also contributed to the DNA of modern humans - but to date no other mitochondrial DNA has survived. However, since genetic variation has occurred since the era of mitochondrial Eve, today there are at least eight major mitochondrial DNA strains in the world.