The Weaker Sex? Vulnerable Men, Resilient Women, and Variations in Sex Differences in Mortality since 1900

The sex difference of mortality rate (SDIM) varies with time and place, and it is related to social, health, and medical environment. The magnitude of these changes and their response to a number of socioeconomic changes suggest that biological differences do not completely explain gender differences in survival. We have recorded "stylized facts" about SDIM, and any theory must compete with it. We use a large number of mortality data including the 70-year survival probability in the county of the United States, the database of human mortality rate data of 18 high-income countries since 1900, and mortality data between developing nations and developing countries . What is reasonable and reliable data? In each period of economic development after demographic and epidemiological transition SDIM cross-cutting changes indicate the consistent ability of women to recover from adversity mortality. In addition, with the development of society, the M / F survival rate first declines and then increases, and "SDIM change" is included in demographic and epidemiological changes.

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It is physiologically unfair to designate women as weaker gender. The natural sex ratio at birth tends to be male, but the first few years of birth is more likely than girls to die as soon as possible. Women live longer than men, and they recover soon as they become sick. Science did not find a reason. Male brain is 8-13% bigger than female brain. In the 19th century, people thought men would be smarter. Many studies have shown that sex difference of cognitive skills and motor skills is very small or absent since then. When differences are discovered, they do not always support homosexuality and may change with time. For example, in some countries, I am more good at math than boys than girls. In the United States, the proportion of men and women who are extremely talented in mathematics dramatically declined since the 1970s. Like other organs, the size of the brain is proportional to the size of the male body.

As we all know, gender differs in biological matter as well. In biology, women are stronger than men. Men are weak. Generally, male brain has 4% more cells and 100 grams of brain tissue than the average female brain. It is well known that male brains are 10% more. Women have more neurons in specific areas than female brains. Women also tend to have larger colon bodies - groups of nerve fibers connecting the left and right hemispheres. It is said that women will transfer data faster than men, which brings women's flexibility and multitasking. Men are usually left-brain oriented, so men are better suited to solving abstract equations and problems.

Generally, the definition of "gender" and "sex" focuses on dualism, the difference between men and women. In most cases, "gender" and "gender" are implicitly treated as immutable and fixed (than variables and changeability). Of the 44 articles that used both "gender" and "gender" in both journals, only six interviewed directly or interactions between "gender" and "sex" directly. Interactions in these six papers are stated as follows. Editing by JMHG (see the IOM Committee) emphasizes the importance of "important interactions between nature (genes and sex hormones) and cultivation (environment and experience) on behavior and perception".

Confusion of Concept: Empirical Analysis on the Use of Gender and Gender in Journal of Gender-Specific Medicine