The significance of Drought, Disease and Famine in the agriculturally marginal zones of West-Central Africa1

Between 1550 and 1830, about 170 droughts and diseases were mentioned in the southwest coastal region of Central Africa. This shows that climate and epidemiological factors were historically important to promote the middle and West African farmers and pastorists. Because almost all of the references are from the literature, focusing mainly on Luanda and the southern dry fertile areas where Africa shows the strongest reaction.

Although there is often a slight rainfall shortage in the document without paying particular attention, there is a longer drought spread over every 10 years or so, and attention is gaining attention. The main period of drying, for over seven years, touches all parts of the region, occurring once in the first century and generating comments throughout the document.

Partial gentle droughts hardly disturb the lives of Africans and they may have designed agriculture and livestock strategies to take account of this common climate change. Burglars and war often occurred due to lack of rainfall for two to three years, causing a retaliation by the Portuguese army. The main drought disrupts politics and society and is therefore a major turning point in the history of Midwest Africa from the second half of the 16th century to the latter half of the 18th century. In the former case agricultural failures produced the famous "Jaga" or the warrior of the In Bangla, they promoted looting to the lifestyle and established the Angolan slave trade with the Portuguese. Later drought from 1784 to 1793 was consistent with the historical peak of slave exports in West Africa and West Africa.

Between 1967 and 1969, large-scale famine occurred in Biafra and Nigeria due to the blockade of the government's breakout area. It is estimated that 1.5 million people died of starvation due to famine. In addition, 500,000 Africans died in central and western Africa due to drought and other food supply interventions by the government. When the Sahel of West Africa suffered from drought and famine in the 1970s and 1980s, the famine came again. The famine of the Sahel is related to the slow growing livestock crisis in Africa where animal husbandry has become a viable lifestyle over the past two generations.

Between 1550 and 1830, about 170 droughts and diseases were mentioned in the southwest coastal region of Central Africa. This shows that climate and epidemiological factors were historically important to promote the middle and West African farmers and pastorists. Since almost all the literature comes from the literature, the main focus is in the situation of dry fertile areas near Luanda and the south, Africa is the most responsive. Although there is often a slight rainfall shortage in the document without paying particular attention, there is a longer drought spread over every 10 years or so, and attention is gaining attention. The main period of drying, for over seven years, touches all parts of the region, occurring once in the first century and generating comments throughout the document.

Importance of drought, disease, and famine in the surrounding areas of agriculture in central and western regions 1

Many experts have linked the cyclical famine of Ethiopia with the dependence of Rainfed's small farmers agriculture, drought, rapid population growth, or dysfunctional agricultural markets. While these factors play an important role in this issue, they often obscure the serious cause of national hunger - the lack of rights and the responsible government. A Nobel laureate and economist, Amartya Sen, analyzed the relationship between democracy and famine in detail in his book "Freedom of Development" in detail. Sen thinks that there is no famine in the democratic state, there is only authoritarian regime. Fines often occur when victims are being pressured by dictators