The Science Behind Human Genome Technology

The life we ​​know is identified by the genome. Each organism has a genome that contains the biological information necessary to build and maintain the entity of that organism. Most genomes, including all cellular organisms, consist of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), but a few viruses have an RNA (ribonucleic acid) genome. DNA and RNA are polymer molecules consisting of linear unbranched chains of monomeric material called nucleotides. Each nucleotide has three parts, a sugar, a phosphate group, and a base (Figure 1).

As researchers complete the Human Genome Project, 25,000 genes in the human genome have been mapped and genetics has occurred in the past decade. This major step in genetics has produced a great deal of data on DNA collection and benefits many people through currently widely available genetic testing. In genetic testing, you can catch a glimpse of the DNA you inherited from your family. Genetic testing services were rare only a few years ago, costing thousands of dollars per exam and waiting for results within 6 months. Currently, some laboratories offer test services at a low cost of $ 150 for a short period of 6 weeks conversion. Affordable public access to these tests is at the forefront of healthcare and everyone can customize their personal plans for optimal health

Completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003 is an important point in human history. This is a major achievement in science and technology, resulting in a huge data dump of 3 billion base pairs, the basic chemical constituent of DNA. With these data, the biological history of humans can be traced back to our prehistoric ancestors and code (called exosome) that manipulates our daily functions. There are also many clues in the genetic code about our future and the possibility of developing illness. This is absolutely charming. Imagine that you finally understood the genetic mechanisms behind cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease. I believe that we can increase physical and mental abilities, delay the effects of aging, and revert. All of these possibilities may exist in our genetic code, but the work of deciphering it is huge.