The Politics of Policy Implementation in India

Politics makes people on the bed very strange. - Charles Papa Warner. In countries like India, where there is almost always an alliance rule, it is always difficult to implement the policy proposed by the government and the recommendations made by the committee. The majority party of the coalition parties made several suggestions, and opponents objected to it. This is a standard procedure of each country. But let's go further. The political parties that constitute the alliance also oppose it, either because they are afraid of losing support to the people or want to gain political benefit in exchange for their support.

The details of this policy will be explained in detail later. But there is one obvious thing. If this is a big problem, the new e-commerce policy on 29th March 2016 will be implemented with letters and spirit. Swing has become a day of competition by global venture capitalist (VC) and ecommerce giant, jugalbandi. It will take some time for sharpness to appear. In particular, the battle between offline retailers (including several major companies including Reliance, Future Group, AB Birla Group) and online players (Flipkart, Snapdeal, Amazon, etc.) has lasted for more than a few years . . The Delhi High Court ruling on November 20, 2015 eventually leads to the incident, which in turn triggered the event leading to this press release.

In the early 1990s, India implemented "Search for the East" (LEP) to strengthen the relationship with ASEAN Member States. Along with the leaders role in Asia and beyond, India seeks further integration with ASEAN and is striving to establish Asian economic community. In retrospect, it can be said that this policy has had a certain success, as the free trade agreement between India and ASEAN signed in 2009 (underway in 2010) is a visible outcome of LEP in India .

Ajay Shah and Ila Patnaik (2004) discuss the Indian capital flow policy over the past two decades, examining the experience on capital flows in India. They point out that since the early 1990s they have implemented policies aimed at achieving trade liberalization and easing investment decisions. India maintains strong control over debt flows for most of the time, encourages foreign direct investment and portfolio flows, while adopting a fixed nominal exchange rate. According to them, domestic institutional factors are relatively low Foreign direct investment and large portfolio flows. They also pointed out that one of the most serious policy dilemmas in India at this time was related to the tension between capital flows and the currency system. They agree that the goal of finding consistent ways to increase investment in the current account deficit is still elusive despite progress since the adoption of reform.