The Poison of Physostigmine

This kind of torture can truly distinguish sinners from innocent people. The answer is no. According to Walter Sneader, "A person who is confident in his innocence may soon swallow this poison and overwhelm his stomach and cause vomiting. As a guilty, Worry orally, promote absorption of alkaloids or slowly swallow. "Because dried beans are less effective than green beans, people in charge of toxic administration prepare toxic or attenuated drugs It is also suggested to determine the results in advance.

Viper toxin is the main alkaloid of Calabar Bean and has been used as a medicine for a long time but it has been subject to numerous studies since it was separated by Jobst and Hesse 70 years ago. Due to its particularity, its composition is particularly difficult to determine. Chemical structure No analog was found in other plant products of known composition. After promising experiments in the "(synthesis) direction, the work has been interrupted and should be recently restored, and at the same time, about the synthesis of physostigmine by Robinson and his colleagues 10 The first of these articles seems to convincingly prove that our proposed course (course) can not be realized in practice.

When Percy Julian returned to the University of Depawau campus in 1932, he will guarantee his reputation as a world-class researcher forever, the first fully synthetic anti glaucoma drug physostigmine of the type found in colorful beans . Alkaloid glaucoma is a disease where intraocular pressure rises when aqueous humor is not properly discharged, which may lead to damage of the optic nerve and blindness. Physostigmine promotes release of fluid by reducing contraction of the outflow channel. Even after 65 years, Julian's credit is still important, as derivatives and physostigm in optically pure form continue to demonstrate therapeutic prospects for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and the role of chemical weapons.

After complete synthesis of physostigmine and separation of physostigmine into optical isomers, Julian not only improves his status as a chemist but also makes another discovery in DePauw that will greatly improve the lives of many people I will do. In the process of separating the related alkaloid genes serine from physostigmine of Calabar bean, Julian found small crystals of stigmasterol hydrate in pickles oil extracted from beans. Molecules such as stigmasterol have a central structural unit consisting of 17 carbon atoms arranged in four fused rings and are linked to many biologically important compounds such as cholesterol and sex hormones, estradiol and testosterone Also exists. These compounds, more commonly referred to as steroids, cover a wide range of morphologies and functions and are often very valuable as therapeutic agents.