The Ontological Argument Presented by Descartes and the Cosmological Argument Presented by Aquinas

The ontological argument proposed by Descartes and the cosmological argument proposed by Aquilel Descartes which is often referred to as the father of modern philosophy is a discussion of Anselm attempting to prove God only through the meaning of the word "God" Developed. The presence of. An ontological argument is a transcendental argument that uses logic to prove that the initial definition is correct. The basis of these arguments depends on the understanding of the essence of the human god. The definition of Anselm's god is "an extremely perfect existence", which is the basis of his argument.

Descartes is not the first philosopher who suggested an ontological argument. Early versions of this discussion were criticized by monks who were strongly defended by St. Anselm in the 11th century and then named St. Thomas Aquinas named Gauniro (modern in Anselm). Parameter version) Since Aquinas' criticism is considered to be destructive, ontological arguments have disappeared for centuries. Therefore, Descartes was surprised to find that he should try to restore it. Although he insists that he is not used to the evidence version of Anselm, Descartes seems to advocate his own argument to stop traditional objections.

Recently, Kurt Gödel, Charles Hartshorne, Norman Malcolm, and Alvin Plantinga are presenting many ontological arguments being discussed, and these discussions provide an interesting link to St. Anselm, Descartes, and Leibniz's initial discussion I'm waiting. The most interesting of these are Gödel and Plantanga; however, in these cases it is unknown whether these authors should argue that these arguments are proof of the existence of God. Criticism of the ontological argument began with Gauniro at the same time as St. Anselm. Perhaps the most famous criticism of ontological debate is due to Emmanuel Kant in his criticism of pure reason. Most notably, Kant argues that ontological arguments are at risk by implicit assumptions that "existence" is a predicate. But as Bertrand Russell said, it is easy to be confident that ontological arguments are less accurate than what they are doing.

A: The discussion of ontological arguments is based on rationality, not world observation (cosmology theory, objective argument etc.). Specifically, the reason for the ontology controversy is ontology. The first and most popular form of this discussion dates back to St. Anselm in the 11th century. He first pointed out that the concept of God is "existence, not imaginable existence". Since existence is possible and existence is bigger than it does not exist, God must exist (If you do not exist God, you can imagine a larger being, but it is self destruction. So, God must exist, Descartes has done a lot of the same, beginning with the idea of ​​perfection.