The Man with the Hoe

Charles Edwin Anchor was born in Oregon Oregon on April 23, 1852 and is the youngest of the six children. His parents divorced shortly after he was born, and Charles almost did not meet his father because of his longtime popularity. In 1856, Charles moved to his ranch in the lagoon valley in the northeast of San Francisco with his mother and the only sister. At the age of 12, he works hard on his family farm.

Charles' mother strongly opposed the interest in literature, but he still went to the basic "university" in Vacaville, California. He continued studying at Christian College in Santa Rosa, California. He completed the classical course in 1873 and kept teaching in El Dorado County. Markham was elected the principal in 1879 and accepted the principal of Auckland's Tompkins Observatory in 1890. His friends in Auckland include Joaquin Miller, Donna Cool Blyth, Charles Warren Stoddard and Edmund Clarence Sterman.

Markham gave up the name of Charles around 1895 and became Edwin. In 1898, after two unsuccessful marriages, he married Anna Catherine Murphy. In the same year, Markham read "Youth skull" at a party on New Year's Eve inspired by Miller's paintings. Poems accusing the dilemma of exploited work were announced soon and succeeded soon. Markham and his wife soon moved to New York, settled in Brooklyn in 1901, settled on Staten Island. He began a large lecture and appeared in labor and radical gatherings as often as literary works.

Markham publishes several poems such as "Song of Gallou Birds" (1960, Antioch), "80s of 80 Poems" (1932), "Heaven's Gate" (1920). "Lincoln and Other Poems" (1901), "People and People". Shantou and other verses (1899). He also edited many poems. His essay "Children in Slavery" (1914) is a landmark event in the fight against child labor. He was the first poet who received a university scholarship in 1936.

Markham died on Brooklynn in New York on March 7, 1940. After his death, he bequested his 15,000 personal libraries to the Holman university at Wagner College in Staten Island. He also offered his academy his personal paper, including many manuscripts of famous literary and political figures in the early twentieth century. His reporters include Franklin D. Roosevelt, Ambrose Beas, Jack London, Carl Sandberg and Amy Lowell.

In 1899, Edwin Markham paid attention to Miller 's painting "Human and 1860 - 2 Tricks" - Drawing a lifetime by publishing a controversial poem by a San Francisco examiner with the same name. Impact of restless work. In this poem, Markham initially respected the French farmers' requests for migrant migrant workers and land reform in the United States. Markmum used his poem only as a difficult comment on the farm life, which had an explosive impact on the masses. For many people, the phrase "man with gimmicks" has a broader meaning and can be used as a cord of rural devastation and industrial confusion. Many discussions about poetry later appeared in the mass media; the Auckland Tribune even sponsored the "Shantou seminar" the same year.

"The Man of Shantou" has not been reprinted in the AFL publication, but in the eyes of Henry Nash Smith was "sensational fashion" at the turn of the century. In his words, this poem says "to adapt American farmers to oppressed cruel European farmers", but this agriculture reference reduces the appeal to urban workers and other trade unionists It does not seem. For example, this is the favorite poem by Eugene Debs, and he is "excited about humanitarian influence of depressed workers drawn." Samuel Gompers (1850-1924), the president of the American Labor Federation, was impressed with the dark images of people who commented on Shantou in the official report of the national AFL conference. In short, the person who is trying to trace is the opposite of the image of the partner. "There is no more terrible form", Markham's words, the concept of labor union leaders against exploited workers.