The Making of the Ukrainian Collective Memory: The Contemporary Revival of the Cossacks

"The country is a soul, a spiritual principle - in fact, only one constitutes this soul or the spiritual principle, one exists in the past and the other exists at present. Aspirations of today, aspirations for living together, motivation of people trying to acquire value of heritage in inseparable form Heroic past, great man, glory (I understand the true glory) , This is social capital based on the concept of the state.

In the 19th century, the revival of Ukraine 's self - awareness was reflected in the Russian Empire, the Dnieper River in Ukraine, the Galician literary class in Austria. Brothers of Sts Cyril and Methodius of Kiev applied the ancient words for the national name of Ukraine as the language of Ukrainian national name Ukrajina, and Ukrajins' ka mova. Many authors published works in a romantic European tradition. And we prove that Ukrainian is not only a village language but also suitable for pursuit of literature.

Ukrainian literature began to evolve again in the 14th century, with the introduction of print under the rule of Russia and Poland and the beginning of the Cossack era, in the 16th century, it has made important progress. Cossack established an independent society and promoted a new epic showing Ukrainian oral literature climax. These advances were later put on hold between the 17th and early 18th centuries when Ukrainian publications were banned and banned. Nonetheless, by the end of the eighteenth century, modern literature Ukrainian language finally appeared.

After the Russian Empire annexed the Crimea in 1783, the new Russia settled with Ukrainians and Russians. In spite of the promises made in the Periyaslav Convention, Ukrainian elites and Cossacks never got the freedom and autonomy they expect. But within the Empire, the Ukrainians rose to the best states and church offices in Russia. Later, the Emperor established a Russianization policy prohibiting the use of Ukrainian in printing and public places. In the 19th century Ukraine was a rural area that was almost ignored in Russia and Austria. Due to the constant development of urbanization and modernization, and the cultural tendency of romantic nationalism, Ukrainian intellectuals who have been working on national renewal and social justice have appeared. Farmer translated national poet Taras Shevchenko (1814-1861) and political theorist Mikhilo de la Homano (1841-1895) led to a growing nationalist movement.