the Internet-Enhanced Self-Disclosure Hypothesis by Valkenburg and Peter

As defined by Baron and Branscombe (2011), self esteem is an individual's overall attitude or self-esteem. The main factors of self-esteem are social connections, or individuals' belonging sense in their social environment and network (Lee & Robbins, 1998). For example, exclusion or ignorance by colleagues is considered psychological distress and self-esteem falls (Baron & Branscombe, 2011). Therefore, it can be thought that social connection and self-esteem are in a positive relationship.

Recent literature on adolescent self concepts and the impact of internet pornography on body images is limited. They have not mentioned about pornography, but Valkenburg and Peter (2011) argues that online communication with others may bring a higher level of self-esteem for young people. The Internet can provide three basic elements of self-esteem: controlling your own environment, getting recognition from others, and accepting others. These factors may be related to frequent use of the Internet by young people as a means of communication.

Since most children use the Internet on a regular basis (Valkenburg and Peter, 2009), the impact of on-line communication among children is a topic being discussed among researchers. Although some researchers support the replacement hypothesis (Kraut et al., 2002; Kraut et al., 1998; Mesch, 2003; Nie, 2001; Nie, Hillygus, & Erbring, 2002) Suggesting to reduce action and communication. Other researchers support exciting hypothesis and claim that online communication contributes to social interaction and communication (Amichai-Hamburger & Hayat, 2011; Hamburger & Ben-Artzi, 2009; Robinson et al., 2000; Valkenburg & Peter , 2007; Walk & Wang), 2011; Wang & Wellman, 2010). In general, the literature tends to support stimulus hypotheses rather than substitute hypotheses (Valkenburg & Peter, 2007). Participants in this study do not like to use Twitter in age or friendship

In the early 1990's, online communication technology was made public in the form of e-mails and chat rooms in general (Peter & Valkenburg, 2009). Many authors such as Dr. Norman Nie of Stanford University predict that these forms of technology adversely affect the social life of young people and lower their happiness (Peter & Valkenburg, 2009). At that time, many children and adolescent researchers thought online relations could be superficial or meaningless. Others predict that these teenagers will encounter strangers using the Internet instead of building relationships (Peter & Valkenburg, 2009). Some experts believe that teens spend too much time on their computers and that they have a negative impact on their "real life" friendship and relationships with others (Peter & Valkenburg, 2009).