The Iceless Regime: A Brief Overview of the Melting Arctic and its Implications

Background Paleoclimatology has been studying the history of the Earth's climate for centuries. Research is done in a variety of ways, including but not limited to data collection from geological records, annual rings, corals, fossils, sediments, and ice cores. These data are distant past and proved that the rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels is related to the rise in temperature. High concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere lead to changes in radiative forcing, which ultimately results in temperature changes.

As scientists began to warm the earth, climate change knew for a long time that its influence became most prominent in the Arctic. There are many reasons for this, but climate feedback is important. As the Arctic warms up, the snow melts and the Earth's surface does not reflect back to the universe but absorb more solar energy. This makes it warmer, brings more melting, etc. As I have spent over 35 years investigating snow, ice and cold places, people are often surprised to tell them that people's activities were suspected of being involved in climate change. My book describes my own career as a climate scientist and the growing vision of many scientists I have worked on. When I started working in the Arctic Circle, scientists understood it as a region surrounded by ice and snow, but there are climate change, but it is nearly constant. In the 1990s, we noticed that it is changing, but we need to spend years to come up with the reason.

Although the period of 4 years is too short to effectively capture the degree of climate change, one area that stands out for rapid deterioration is the melting of the Arctic Ocean. Every summer, a part of the Arctic Ocean melts and has a long history, about half of it disappears in September. However, since the melting rate has dramatically increased since the scientists began to monitor the melting of ice in the 1970s, the ice now covers only a quarter of the lowest point of the Arctic Ocean. Even in the past 4 years, the lowest point - the day when melting stopped and the sea began to freeze - has drastically decreased from 1.81 million square miles in 2008 (29% in the Arctic Ocean) to 1.32. Million square miles (24% of the Arctic Ocean)

As the ocean becomes warmer and the ice caps melt, warm seawater starts to leave the north pole to the south. Those who are particularly interested in the Arctic Circle repeat the sentence whether it is science or citizen. "What happened in the Arctic Circle never stays in the Arctic Circle." The impact on people is a story worth sharing. It does not contain much pictures of cute polar bears and seals (we really like our attractive gigantic animals at Threshold), we decided to share stories that are often overlooked I am keen.