The icefish Chionodraco hamatus

There are various adaptations to low temperature (Coscia et al. 2010; di Prisco et al. 2007) in the wasp worm Notothenioidei, the most dramatic example of which is the highly specialized crown group Channichthyidae (Tita) (Tota ) And so on. People 1997; Cheng et al. 2009). Consider the ice fish Chionodraco hamatus (Garofalo et al. 2009) that is specific to the cold water of Antarctica Antarctica. Seeds can survive at temperatures close to -2.5 ° C (Bilyk and DeVries, 2010) and are therefore well suited to meet the requirements for low temperature survival.

The Antarctic ice fish DeVries being studied is a special bio club that can live extremely low temperature. Some of these creatures such as North American frogs can recover from freezing, and some like ice fish can survive avoiding being frozen. Many organisms ranging from insects to diatoms, fungi and bacteria are also included in this group using the so-called ice binding protein (IBP) to survive. They use one of five general mechanisms: create anti-freezing; for example, algae form a more gentle liquid pocket in ice; as some bacteria do Stick to ice; nucleate ice; and prevent ice recrystallization. Recrystallization is that small ice crystals set in large ice crystals. Because they are attracted to hydrogen bonds by cascade effect.

Fisheries other than krill in Antarctica were destroyed. In the late 1960s, the Soviet Union targeted marble Notothenids (also called Antarctica Squid) and ice fish around Georgia. In the season between 1969 and 1970, 400 thousand tons were taken, then the sharp decline continued, inventory is still fully recovered. The cause of recent concern is the fish with two teeth, Dissostichus eleginoides and Dissostichus mawsoni. This is a fish that represents a marketing coup that is not attractive. The name fish, raw fish is not very attractive, but it is an excellent diet. It is known as the Chilean Suzuki in the US market, and in other markets it is known as Merluza negra, Legine australe, Mero, Butterfish, Bacalao de profundidad. Fish are not usually perfect, but they are sliced ​​or otherwise processed

Champsocephalus gunnari is a deep-sea fish (mainly swim in the water) found in hard and the McDonald Islands, Asian Antarctic islands such as Il Kelgelen, South Atlantic islands such as South Georgia. It was severely overfished in the 1970s and 1980s, leading to the closure of the fishery in the early 1990s. Fishing may be necessary, but if the survey finds that the fishery is appropriate, the fishery may only be done within two years of the census. When the fishery was carried out without control in the past, the annual catch amount fluctuated greatly, which indicates that the population changed naturally naturally. Permitting this type of capture without regular monitoring can result in the removal of resources in the low population year, making subsequent recovery more difficult.