The History of Temperature Scales

Temperature is the thermodynamic property of the object. It is an "indirect measure of the kinetic energy of the particles that make up the substance" (Lerner 2008). Temperature determines the direction of energy flow between two objects. When they are in contact with each other, faster moving molecules of higher temperature objects will collide and increase the moving speed of slower moving molecules of lower temperature objects. When two objects have the same average molecular kinetic energy, in other words they are in thermal equilibrium with each other, the process stops.

Rankine temperature scale with absolute zero degree, below which there is no temperature, using the same dimensions as used on the Fahrenheit scale. Absolute zero degrees or 0 ° Ra is the temperature at which the molecular energy is minimized, which corresponds to a temperature of -459.67 ° C. Since Rankin Degree is the same as Fahrenheit, the freezing point of water (32 ° C.) and the boiling point of water (212 ° C.) correspond to 491.67 ° Ra and 671.67 ° Ra, respectively. Temperature scale was named after Scottish engineers and physicist William John Macquorn Rankine who proposed the standard in 1859. Another absolute temperature scale, Kelvin temperature scale, is commonly used for scientific measurements. See also Celsius scale

By defining the temperature in the hand you can establish a temperature scale by assigning values ​​to specific fixed points that are easy to reproduce. For example, in the temperature range of degrees Celsius (° C), the freezing point of pure water is arbitrarily assigned to a temperature of 0 ° C and the boiling point of water is 100 ° C (in both cases 1 standard pressure; see pneumatic pressure). On the Fahrenheit (° F) temperature scale, 32 ° F and 212 ° F are assigned to two identical points, respectively. There is an absolute temperature scale related to the second law of thermodynamics. The absolute scale associated with the Celsius scale is called the Kelvin (K) scale and the scale associated with the Fahrenheit scale is called the Rankine (° R) scale. These scales are related by the equation K = ° C + 273.15, ° R = ° F + 459.67, and ° R = 1.8 K. Both Kelvin scale and Rankine scale are zero, absolute zero

Here, t represents the temperature at any convenient temperature scale, k 'and k "are constants, but at a temperature of -273.15 ° C. the volume is extrapolated to zero, it can be removed from the equation This temperature scale is currently the basic temperature scale of SI It is called absolute scale, thermodynamic scale, or Kelvin scale Temperature on the Kelvin scale is indicated only by T on the Kelvin scale The temperature unit of the Kelvin scale is called Kelvin and it is the same size as the Celsius Unit The symbol of Kelvin is K. (Metcafe H. Clark, page 273-4)