The History of Multicultural Education

Abstract Multicultural education in the United States began for the first time in the civil rights movement of the 1950s. Its purpose is to become part of the mainstream of culture. The civil rights movement expressed clear concerns about discrimination, intimidation and inequality. During this period the federal government was pressured to examine their role in compliance with inequalities in multicultural education (Russell, Robert, History of Multicultural Education, 2011).

Multicultural education that defines multicultural culture is a phased approach to change education based on educational equality and social justice. Education Content necessary for multicultural education includes content integration, prejudice reduction, and enhancement of school culture and social culture. Since they involve efforts to resolve conflicts in today's world, these are all involved and require attention. Learning children in a classroom environment and interacting with people different from children leads to the ability to manage their lives in the global market.

Multicultural education includes various perspectives that enable students to understand history and the world from various perspectives. It is based on the ideals of social justice, educational equality and critical education. In multicultural education, encourage and give power to students by providing educational experience that allows all students to fully realize learner's potential and social consciousness, and aggressive world citizenship . Threat of stereotypes - experience of anxiety and concern in situations where it is highly likely that people will confirm the negative stereotype of their social group. Social psychologist Claude Steel and his colleagues first described the threat of stereotypes that have been shown to degrade the performance of individuals belonging to negative stereotypes. More

According to Levinson, three different groups are proposing different concepts of "multicultural education". These groups are as follows. Political and educational philosophers, educational theorists and educational practitioners. In the minds of these group members, multicultural education has different, sometimes conflicting goals in schools. Philosophers believe that multicultural education is a way to respond to ethnic minorities in society and as a means of nurturing the autonomy of children and as citizens claiming the rights of their own groups , We will propose special consideration to the members of the group. The difference between educational theorists and philosophers is that theorists are trying to develop "social justice and true equality" by reorganizing schools and curricula (Levinson, 2010, p. 433).