The Ghost Dance Movement of 1890: Causes and Effects

As it existed for centuries, for Native Americans this is a perfect period of despair as the expansion of the West of the United States and subsequent arrangement of reservations weakens their culture and lifestyle. Until the decade of 1890, this is the main focus of Native American history, seeing the formation of the Dow Morgan Building Act in 1887, seeking the abolition of reservations and opportunities for citizens to become citizens and give them It was. Please assign land to the farm or grazing livestock (Murrin 628).

Gado (Caddo: Nanissáanah, also known as the 1890 Ghost Dance) is a new religious movement incorporating many native American belief systems. According to the teachings of North Pyot's spiritual leader Wovoka (renamed Jack Wilson), proper dance practice brings back the soul of the deceased, letting the spirits fight for them, leaving the white colonies, and the United States It brings peace throughout the land. People's prosperity and unity

In 1890, spiritual movement called ghost dance was spreading in Pine Ridge, South Dakota. By practicing ghost dances, members believe that they will restore Native Americans and destroy pioneers in Europe. On 15th December 1890, Lacotasse's chief bullfight was supposed to be a ghost dancer and arrested. Two weeks later, the American cavalry enclosed a group of ghost dancers near the injured Nee Creek. There were intense clashes, at least 150 indigenous people including women and children were slaughtered. This was the last major conflict between the 19th century army and the Native American. However, after nearly a century later, the long-term dissatisfaction of the American Indians occurred violently and occurred again in the injured knee.

This so-called "ghost dance" is very intimidating for the white people, they are afraid of Indian riots. On 29th December 1890, the US government massacred the Sioux Indians who lived in Pine Ridge Reserve. This is a government attempt to disarm Indians and end the ghost dance movement. The massacre was called the battle of the injured knee. Before the injured knee fight (Mooney 927), ghost dance is said to be almost dead in Sue. In early December 1890, a white man was afraid of giant dancing in Sui.

In the face of poverty and hunger, Siou changed to ghost dance in the autumn of 1890. The agent of BIA insisted that the Indian became a "mild shirt", became militarism, and white shirts could repel bullets and was shocked. (Some scholars believe that the wearer is coming from evil and believe that this idea is coming from costumes of the Mormon temple.) Despair of dancers is violent in cruel and untrained eyes . To the reporter of the "New York Times": "This scene is as terrible as possible: it shows that Sue is a crazy religion." The writer wounded 182 "Stag beetle and bird" around the tree near Nee Creek wounded I jumped over. . About 400 people sat down and saw. "Many reds are wearing paint of war", they are wearing white cotton. Five medical men swung sticks like snakes. The dancer grabbed his hand and slowly moved on the tree, dragging his legs and closing his eyes bent his head to the ground. "I saw my father, I saw my mother, I saw my elder brother, I saw my sister," they shouted. Some people shouted.