The Ethics of Animal Testing for Vaccine Development and Potential Alternatives

The medicine put out more than 100 dead. This and other similar incidents resulted in the passage of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938. And it required all drugs to be tested in animals to ensure safety. Such an event highlights the importance of animal experiments on human health. Problems such as proper treatment of these animals and atrocities of animals become a big problem when legislation that obliges animal experiment to establish public safety is enacted.

Alternatives to animal experiments are under development as a controversy on ethics of animal experiments, and in some countries immediate cosmetic animal experiments are selected. Tests other than 50 animals have been tested for use, more are under development and may replace animal experiments and may be more effective. The cosmetic test is banned in the Netherlands, India, Norway, Israel, New Zealand, Belgium and the UK, and after a 13-year discussion in 2002, the EU agreed to abolish the comprehensive ban on this product . Since 2009, cosmetics for animal experiments are sold throughout the EU, and all experiments on animals for animal experiments are prohibited. Cosmetic animal tests were conducted in EC Regulation 1223/2009. France is the headquarters of L'Oreal, the world's largest cosmetic company, protesting the prohibited proposal by filing a lawsuit in Luxembourg's Luxembourg and requesting the cancellation of the ban.

Many people believe that the ethical issues of animal experiments are certainly disadvantageous but currently there is not enough alternative to test animal living systems. Because the anatomical structure of animals (including humans) is very complex, studies on cell culture in dishes can provide some insight, but it is difficult to test the nervous system, immune system or endocrine system It does not make it possible. In order to correctly evaluate side effects of drugs, a circulation system that delivers drugs to other organs is necessary. In addition, animals are very similar to humans in a number of important respects, so they are suitable research subjects. Chimpanzee shares 99% of DNA with human, but the genetic similarity between mouse and human is 98%. All mammals share a common ancestry and have the same set of organs as humans and they function essentially the same through similar blood flow and nervous system.

In order to understand basic biology, animals are used as "models" for studying human biology and diseases, as well as drugs, vaccines and other biological products (ie, components in antibodies, hormones, vaccines Etc.) for the purpose of development and testing. Improve and promote human health. As a model, the goal of scientists is the state of laboratory animals that may be comparable to artificial production, medical diseases and injuries. Animals are used for all research abilities: for example, the sensory system of rabbits can be studied in basic research; she can be used as a model for eye and skin diseases or for ecological toxicity testing And may be used for skin irritation testing