The Epstein-Barr Virus

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Epstein-Barr virus is a very common virus. Approximately 85% to 90% of American adults are developing antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus at the age of 40. In other words, it is infected with virus at some point in life. Most people are infected with this virus early in life (before puberty). And most of these children have no or very mild symptoms. Young people, especially young people between the ages of 15 and 17, and young people infected with this virus are most likely to develop typical symptoms of mononucleosis.

More than 90% of adults worldwide are infected with the Epstein-Barr virus. Like other closely related viruses, such as varicella and viruses that cause herpes labialis, viruses are usually in latent or dormant states, but infections persist to the rest of the population. However, under certain conditions, latent viruses can cause cancer, and indeed it is estimated that this infection causes nearly 2% of cancer deaths worldwide. One way that healthy cancer cells can prevent cancer is to cause self-death in a process called apoptosis. Epstein-Barr virus blocks apoptosis and sensitizes cells to cancer. Previous studies have found that Epstein-Barr virus proteins promote cancer by preventing normal death of infected cells. However, even without this protein, Epstein-Barr virus infected cells are still resistant to apoptosis.

Approximately 90% of cases of infectious mononucleosis are caused by Epstein-Barr virus, a member of the DNA virus family of the Herpesviridae family. It is one of the most common viruses in the world. Contrary to the general idea, the Epstein-Barr virus is less contagious. It can only be contracted by directly contacting the infected person's saliva, for example by kissing or sharing a toothbrush. By the age of 40, 95% of the population is exposed to viruses, but only 15 to 20% of adolescents and about 40% of adults are actually infected.