The Emerging Field of Social Entrepreneurship

Introduction: Emerging social entrepreneurial fields need new integration theory to promote the development of academic disciplines and contribute to the development of this field. Social entrepreneurship has become an academic concern over the past few decades, but mainstream magazines have few academic outcomes (Short, Moss, & Lumpkin 2009). Social entrepreneurship is often defined as "corporate activities with social goals embedded" (Austin et al., 2006). Social entrepreneurs play a part in change in society by fulfilling the mission of creating and maintaining social value.

However, it is not necessarily the case. In 2013 when I was hired by the Smith School of Business at the University of Maryland, my job was to support the development of student programming in emerging fields such as social entrepreneurs, social enterprises, impact investment. Since I was a undergraduate at Smith University once, I was disappointed that I had no opportunity to participate in these fields. Right now, I am rewarded for creating experiences I have never experienced before. This is exciting, I feel I am at the forefront of business education.

At the latest Stanford Social Innovation Review, Marshall Ganz, Tamara Kay, and Jason Spicer strongly criticize the field of social entrepreneurial spirit and even call this work "excessive distraction" of hype. The central point of the author is that the social entrepreneurial spirit is focused on innovation, mainly in knowledge issues, and our biggest group problem is actually a power issue. They believe that power problems are solved only by democratic political actions that promote civil rights, public education, and environmental protection. They argue that the field of social entrepreneurs is underestimated or deliberately damages the people's voices and the role of the government in shaping the society we want to live in.

What is a social entrepreneurial spirit? In Part 1, the public, private, and non-profit sectors outline the main trends that obscure the traditional economic and social roles and how the social entrepreneurial spirit emerges in these sectors indicate. The author details the definition of his social entrepreneurial spirit and uses the case which emphasizes three successful social enterprise initiatives. How can social entrepreneurs help the government benefit Americans? In Part 2, I will explain how the social entrepreneurial spirit will benefit the government to the American society, since its unique position will help to improve the lives of civil servants. This example shows how social entrepreneurs can use public and private resources and a new solution to test and develop social problems.

6 Social entrepreneurial spirit and government: new entrepreneur's solution to social problems