The Effect of Shading on Various Photo-Voltaic Systems.

Introduction The shadow is the most important reason why the power output of the photovoltaic module is weak. A PV module with (for example) 5% shadow will degrade the module capability above 60% of module power. This is due to units connected in strings, which is the main reason why the lowest illumination unit completely reduces the current series. On the other hand, the cell may be reverse biased by the shadow and because of the power consumption of the remaining cells of the string, this creates a "hot spot" with thermal possibility of breaking the module.

For modern technology and science there are ways of using solar energy and using it. The most common system is the use of solar cells. There are other systems such as solar water heater, solar furnace and so on. These systems are as effective as solar panels. In addition, they are cheaper than solar panels. Solar cells or solar panels are the most common of various types of solar systems. These can convert sunlight directly into electric energy and can be used to illuminate the house. This helps to reduce electricity bills. Using sunlight to heat water and supply power to the furnace is a common way to use solar energy.

Solar energy is one of the well-known renewable energy sources. You will find many recent studies designed to increase the efficiency of solar panels (also known as Photo Voltaic systems). One way to accomplish this is to use the sun tracking system. Our project also proposes the same solution, but it includes an RTC based sun tracking system. The solar tracking system has proven to be an effective way to generate more energy as the solar panel helps to stay in front of the sun's rays. Since the idea behind these studies is the fact that the sun is moving in the sky, it is important to keep track of its position so that the solar panel stays in front of it and can absorb more energy It is a good idea. By applying this concept, a tracking system designed to increase the amount of energy that solar panels can accumulate was designed. This can be done using a microcontroller