The Division of Labor in Society by Emily Durkheim

Emile Dürkem is widely regarded as a person who science sociology. In juvenile, he was pleased with the scientific attitude of society, but at the time there was no social science course. By swearing to change this, Durchem worked hard to gain his "degree of philosophy of 1882". (Johnson 34) Emil quickly could not change the French school system so he visited Germany to continue his education. He published his preliminary findings there and gained the necessary knowledge to influence the French education system.

Durkheim is interested in the four main aspects of society: (1) why society is formed and they become one, (2) religion, (3) suicide, and (4) deviation and crime. Durchem took notice of him for the first time in his book "Social Work Division". Dürkem said that division of labor in all societies is obvious and wishes to know the reason. Durkheim's answer to this question can be seen in his "unity" thinking. In an older, more primitive society, Durchem says "mechanical unity connects everyone, the mechanical unification here means that everyone is doing a relatively similar work, for example, hunting At meetings. Division of labor is not so many, people are chasing and gathering Durkheim thinks theoretically shared values, common symbols, exchange systems play a close role in these societies.

The core of Durkheim's theory is to maintain social moral standards through social solidarity. Unlike Marx, Marx believes that social division of labor is rooted in conflict between economic classes rather than ownership of production means. Durchem wrote two main forms of social solidarity: mechanical solidarity and organic solidarity. Mechanical solidarity is what Durkheim saw in "traditional" society. Traditional societies are inherently much smaller and are characterized by mechanical solidarity as they are not enough to maintain a highly specialized division of labor. Because the division of labor is governed by the collective responsibility and collective interests of labor, mechanical solidarity is a perception of an individual's collective traditional society.

Organic solidarity is the result of social evolution, leading to complex division of division of labor, beliefs, and background. Durukem does not necessarily think that division of labor is a bad thing, but thinks that collective consciousness, norms, concepts of community, social constraints will weaken if society evolves too early, which will lead to social confusion. In the case of abnormalities (Durkheim 1983) Durkheim is more realistic in his division of labor. I am firmly arguing that it is neither too pessimistic nor too optimistic