The Discovery of High-Speed Manned Flight and Mach

This report analyzes and discusses fast manned flight and discovery of "Mach" - especially research related to specific topics and breakthrough of aviation -. High speed flight is technically defined as "the flight distance is short but it is less than the speed of sound" [1A]. It starts at an airspeed of about 250 miles per hour or 400 km / h. The characteristics of the airflow around the object when it falls below the low speed or 400 kph threshold are relatively simple and can be compared with the nature of the aircraft passing through the watershed.

An aircraft cruising at a lower altitude normally uses nodes as the main speed unit, while a higher aircraft (higher than Mach crossing altitude) usually uses Mach number as the main speed unit, but the flight plan usually has equivalent speed ). Temperature and altitude subsidies are included. In the flight plan, the Mach number "point 82" indicates that the aircraft is traveling at an acoustic velocity of 0.820 (82%). Another way to acquire speed and position is the Inertial Navigation System (INS), which uses a gyroscope and a linear accelerometer to track the acceleration of the vehicle and if the INS is properly adjusted before departure Let's get speed and position. INS has been used for civil aviation for decades and is mainly used for medium to large aircraft because the system is very complicated

The aerodynamics of supersonic flight is complicated. The air is compressible, and as the speed and altitude rise, the speed of air passing through the aircraft begins to exceed the speed at which the aircraft passes air. This compression rate, in commemoration of the Austrian physicist Ernst Mach, influences the speed of the aircraft as a ratio of the speed of the aircraft to the speed of sound called the Mach number. The critical Mach number of an aircraft is defined as the speed at which the airflow reaches sound velocity at a certain point in the aircraft.

"Critical Mach number" is the speed of the aircraft (less than 1 Mach) when the air flying over a certain area of ​​the airfoil reaches sound velocity. For example, if the air flowing through the wing reaches 1 Mach when the wing is moving only at Mach 0.8, the critical Mach number of the wing is 0.8. When the aircraft is in motion, the airflow around the aircraft is not exactly the same as the airspeed of the aircraft, as the airflow accelerates and decelerates to travel around the aircraft structure. At the critical Mach number, even if the airspeed of the aircraft itself is lower than the Mach number 0, local airflow in some areas near the fuselage reaches sonic speed. This generates a weak shock wave.

For large private transport aircraft, the speed of the aircraft reaches a level slightly less than 1 Mach, 2 Mach in supersonic aircraft and 5 Mach in a military aircraft. The fastest growing aircraft so far is the 16th round of the 16th aircraft, reaching the speed of Mach 2. For the future of the aircraft, the sky is not the limit, and recent news about the Bertolt spacecraft upgraded the aircraft to a new level and proved this. Going to space is not for NASA alone. Travelers are expected to travel to space in the next ten years.